VirusDisease最新文献

Malignancy, bone marrow and organ transplantation are associated with deficient and defective immune systems. Immunocompromised patients are at risk for severe and chronic complication of COVID-19 infection. However, the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of this comorbidity remain to be elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to describe key aspects of COVID-19 infection in immunocompromised patients. In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, lab findings and outcomes of 418 COVID-19 patients with secondary immunodeficiency disorders admitted to Taleghani Hospital in Tehran, from March 2020 to September 2022 were investigated. Of the 418 immunocompromised patients with COVID-19, 236 (56.5%) ‌ were male and the median age of all studied patients was 56.6 ± 16.4 with range of 14 to 92 years. Totally, 198 (47.4%) of the patients died during hospitalization. Remdesivir was used for treatment of all patients. Mortality rate among patients admitted to ICU ward (86.8%) was significantly higher than non ICU admission (p < 0.001). The death rate in patients with CKD was substantially higher than other underlying disease (p < 0.001). In terms of laboratory finding, there was a significant relationship between ICU admission and worse outcome with WBC count (HR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1. 46-2.59, p < 0.001), PMN count (HR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.452.56, p < 0.001), Hb (HR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.042.13, p = 0.028), AST (HR = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.913.41, p < 0.001), BUN (HR = 2.56, 95% CI = 2.063.69, p < 0.001), Cr (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.89-3.64, p < 0.001), Comorbidities index (HR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.29-2.27, p < 0.001) and aging (HR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.4-2.54, p < 0.001). Immunocompromised status increased the risk of mortality or worse outcome in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Our finding showed outcome predicting markers in whom the waned immune system encounter new emerging disease and improved our understanding of COVID-19 virus behavior in immunocompromised individuals.

Avian polyomavirus (APV) is an emerging pathogen in many parts of the world responsible for causing significant mortality in captive psittacine birds. The virus spreads slowly, and transboundary movement of birds is one of the potential risk factors for the virus introduction in the naïve population. Bangladesh allows the import of birds, however there is currently no surveillance to screen for APV. Since we confirmed beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) infection in the captive population in our earlier investigation, we hypothesized that APV may also be circulating in Bangladesh. Feather samples were collected from 100 birds (90 psittacine and 10 non-psittacine). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect viral DNA together with sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. This first pilot study confirmed the presence (7%, 7/100) of APV in captive psittacine birds of Bangladesh and almost half (4%, 4/100) of the APV positive birds had the BFDV co-infection. All the PCR-positive birds were asymptomatic and found in live bird markets (LBMs). No significant variation was observed in the detection rate considering species (P = 0.94), age (P = 0.39) or sex (P = 0.55) of birds. According to the results of the phylogenetic study, the APV isolates found in Bangladesh appear to be unrelated to isolates from other geographical areas. These findings provide an evidence of APV circulating in Bangladesh, with or without the co-infection of BFDV. Additional studies are needed to investigate the occurrence of APV/BFDV co-infection in the larger population of Bangladesh and in countries where transboundary bird interaction with Bangladesh may be possible.