World Journal of Plastic Surgery最新文献

Background: Educational posters play a crucial role in education, information dissemination, and awareness. Their visual appeal efficiently communicates condensed yet vital information on significant topics, making them valuable for teaching sequential concepts. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of educational posters in the oral and maxillofacial surgery department for student education.

Methods: The study was carried out during the fall semester of 2022 at Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad, Iran utilizing a questionnaire-based approach. The questionnaire gathered demographic information and assessed students' perspectives on educational posters. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23 with a significance level set at 0.05.

Results: This study was conducted on 70 students (35 females and 35 males). Gender-based analysis demonstrated significant differences in beauty, adaptability, and learning, with male students scoring lower than females (P values = 0.036 and 0.031, respectively). Further analysis by academic year unveiled higher beauty and adaptability scores among third-year students compared to second-year students, showing statistical significance (P value = 0.035). A two-by-two comparison highlighted that the average beauty score of third and fifth-year students surpassed that of second-year students (P values = 0.041 and 0.038, respectively). In summary, higher academic years correlated with superior performance, emphasizing the potential impact of educational posters on academic outcomes.

Conclusion: Posters in the oral and maxillofacial surgery department received commendable ratings in various areas, positively impacting the teaching and learning process.

Background: Despite the increasing popularity of cosmetic surgeries, some patients still experience skin problems, particularly those with thick nasal skin. Isotretinoin is a commonly used drug for severe acne, and its effects on rhinoplasty aesthetic results have recently been studied. This placebo-controlled clinical trial aimed to investigate the effects of topical tretinoin gel on the cosmetic outcomes of rhinoplasty in patients with thick nasal skin.

Methods: Forty-nine individuals were randomly allocated to either the treatment group or the control group in Mashhad, Iran from 2019 to 2021. The treatment group received topical tretinoin gel (0.05%) beginning on the 31st postoperative day and continued for six months, while the control group received a usual dermatological recommendation as a placebo. Patients were assessed during the first, third, and sixth months after the intervention, and their cosmetic results were evaluated by an expert surgeon and dermatologist.

Results: There were no significant differences in baseline features between the two groups. The median score given by the surgeon was not significantly different between the groups. However, the median score given by the dermatologist was significantly higher in the treatment group during the first, third, and sixth months (P<0.001). Patient satisfaction scores were also significantly higher in the treatment group during the third and sixth months compared to the control group. (P=0.02 and 0.01, respectively).

Conclusion: Topical tretinoin gel could effectively reduce acne in patients with thick nasal skin after rhinoplasty and increase patient satisfaction in the early months following surgery. However, it did not significantly affect final cosmetic outcomes.

Background: Burn injury is still the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in burn patients. We comapred healing effect of Hypericum perforatum, silver sulfadiazine and alpha ointments on burn injuries in rat model.

Methods: Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats in an animal experimental study were randomly divided to 5 equal groups as H. perforatum, silver sulfadiazine and (SSD), alpha, gel base and the burn injury left untreated. Wounds were assessed macroscopically and histologic after burn injury and on days 7^th, 14^th and 21^st after treatments.

Results: Burn wounds decreased in size on day 7^th in H. perforatum group (P<0.01). Regarding scoring the inflammation, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, formation of granulation tissue and number of macrophage, the best scores were visible in H. perforatum group, and the worst in the gel base and the burn injury left untreated (P<0.01).

Conclusions: H. perforatum was shown to significantly induce re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and granulation tissue and decrease the inflammation resulting into a healing process in burn wounds. As H. perforatum is inexpensive and an easily available herbal medicine, it can be considered as a therapeutic of choice to ameliorate burn injuries.

In the dynamic landscape of digital healthcare and facial aesthetics, there is a rising demand for tools combining precision and accessibility. This article explores an innovative approach emphasizing accuracy and accessibility in facial aesthetic procedures through individualized planning and open-source software utilization. Digital facial analysis was conducted using facial photogrammetry capturing 16 simultaneous images in 0.4 seconds. The images were 3D reconstructed with Blender® software, incorporating selected points, angles, and measurements for facial analysis. Customizable points allowed individualized protocols, and additional measurements, such as the cervicomental angle, were included. Combinations of measurements were automated for comprehensive analysis. The data enabled the generation of a detailed digital facial analysis report, providing a precise and objective assessment. The approach demonstrated potential applications in maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, and simulation of dermal fillers and facial implants. Photogrammetry proved comparable to CT scans, eliminating human interference and enhancing accuracy. In the context of high patient expectations and evolving beauty standards, digital facial analysis offers valuable insights for aesthetic procedures. The integration of data into virtual surgical planning software enhances accuracy, but careful individualized planning and informed consent are crucial to manage expectations and legal considerations. This study underscores the role of open-source software, specifically Blender®, in democratizing access to advanced facial analysis tools. Blender's combination of precision and accessibility represents a paradigm shift, fostering innovation and personalized outcomes in facial aesthetic procedures.

Ocular ptosis, or drooping of the upper eyelid, has diverse etiologies, including neurologic and non-neurologic causes. Aponeurotic ptosis is a common cause in the elderly and traumatic or mechanical causes can affect any age, mimicking a neurologic cause. The neurologic causes are diverse but especially arise peripherally from pathologies affecting the nerve, neuromuscular junction, and muscles. The choice of treatment depends on the particular cause, but surgical intervention can also be an option in appropriately selected neurological patients whose ptosis remains embarrassing despite the best medical treatment. Myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder targeting the neuromuscular junction, is a significant cause of ocular ptosis. The treatment is mainly by symptomatic and immunosuppressive medications, but surgical interventions, such as blepharoplasty, may be considered in some cases of socially embarrassing ptosis.

A nevus sebaceous is a rare type of lesion that most often occurs on the scalp but can appear anywhere on the head, face, neck, forehead, or scalp. Nevus sebaceous is benign lesion usually resulting from hyperplasia of different elements of the skin such as epithelial, sebaceous, follicular elements. This article discusses a patient with giant nevus sebaceous lesions on his scalp and right ear. An 18-year-old man came to the Plastic Surgery Outpatient Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran with a large gray brown Nevus like lesions on his scalp and on the right periauricular region. Both lesions gradually increased in size over the time, leading to giant papillomatosis lesions. The patient had no manifestations like pain or other symptoms. The operation was planned, and lesions excised and repaired with Local Flap and Full thickness skin graft, the patient was discharged after a day. After surgery, recovery was good and after 3 months there was no relapse and cosmetic result was excellent. This article shows the importance of surgery role in nevus sebaceous patients and discusses different types of treatments.

Background: The safety and outcomes of performing a simultaneous Alar reduction, Lip lift, and Open rhinoplasty Surgery (ALOS) through independent incisions have not been reported in any study, therefore, we aimed to evaluate the safety and outcomes of this combination procedure.

Methods: This retrospective review study was conducted on all cases of simultaneous ALOS, lip-lift, and alar reduction performed from 2018-2022, at Facial Plastic Surgery Clinic, New York, USA. Alar reduction involved complete through-and-through resection of alar wedge, and the type of lip lift technique was bullhorn design with excision of skin and Superficial Musculo-Aponeurotic System. Primary open rhinoplasty with inverted V-columellar incision was performed. The follow up period ranged between 4 months to 2 years, but all of patients were followed up at 6 days, one, and two months post-operatively.

Results: Fifty one cases were enrolled. We reviewed criteria of complications including infection, vascular events (such as necrosis, or partial ischemia), and poor scarring, fortunately, we did not have any infection or vascular issues. In 2 cases, columellar scar was "less than optimal", but in all other cases, this scar was "not perceivable" based on the patient survey. In 4 cases, the lip lift procedure scar was considered "less than optimal" showed slight indentation of white scar of lip lift in 9/44 cases. Additionally, all columellar and alar incisions had nearly invisible scarring.

Conclusion: In primary rhinoplasty cases, without any other surgeries or previous trauma in the oronasal region, performing concomitant lip lift, open rhinoplasty, and alar wedge resection is safe and does not negatively affect vascularity or scarring.

Background: Considering the importance of the nose in the beauty of the face, accurate and systematic three-dimensional nasal analysis of the nose before the procedure is essential. The radix, and so the nasofrontal and nasofacial angles, play an essential role in forming an aesthetically pleasing nose because they influence the length and projection of the nose. We aimed to measure information about the pre-operative radix position in our region.

Method: Pre-operative images were taken from our cases in the profile view. A checklist including radix location and projection, nasofrontal angle, and nasofacial angle were extracted from these images.

Results: Overall, 200 (100 males and 100 females) cases were enrolled. Thirty-two male cases and 48 females had abnormal radix position. Radix projection were normal in only 36 male cases and 18 females. The mean nasofrontal angle in the male and female groups was 119.2 and 128.2 respectively. The mean nasofacial angle was 29.8 in the female groups and 32.6 in the male group.

Conclusion: The reality of the current society of Iranian patients can be very different from the predictions of surgeons and can be far away from the statistics mentioned in western books. We tried to notify surgeons to thoroughly examine the patients prior to surgical operation by measuring parameters such as projection and position of the radix and nasofrontal and nasofacial angles.

Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic has changed human lifestyle to follow COVID-19 Appropriate Behaviours (CAB) and that includes social distancing, and the use of masks and sanitiser for hand hygiene. With increased use of sanitiser; the incidence of burns due to sanitiser has been reportedly on the rise. The study analysed the reported burn incidences due to sanitiser, found the relation between sanitiser and the aetiology of burn and formulated guidelines for its safe use. The authors also suggested Do's and Don'ts to prevent and manage sanitiser burns.

Methodology: An online search was made to search the articles related to sanitiser burn targeting the words 'sanitiser', 'hand sanitiser', and 'burns and burns injury'. A general Google search was also made to look for any news reported in electronic media for sanitiser burns.

Result: A total number of 10 scholarly articles mentioning 95 cases were found satisfactory to fulfil the inclusion criteria. Most of the cases were flame burns due to the ignition of alcohol-based sanitiser (n=92, 98%) either by mistake or while lighting the flame for cooking or cigarette for smoking. In all cases, it was found that alcohol-based sanitiser was the agent causing burns which were more due to gel form. 61 patients were managed on an outpatient basis whereas 33 patients required admission.

Conclusion: Increasing use of sanitisers can be related to increased incidence of burns. Its safe use is warranted with proper guidelines.