Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.26596/wn.202314295-99
A. Gupta, P. Rundall, N. Ntombela, H. Sachdev
None
没有一个
{"title":"Response to Dewey et al.’s Letter","authors":"A. Gupta, P. Rundall, N. Ntombela, H. Sachdev","doi":"10.26596/wn.202314295-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202314295-99","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>None</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90667538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.26596/wn.202314291-94
Britta Boutry-stadelmann, A. Linnecar
Key messages • Food has a measurable impact on climate change at every stage of production, packaging, transport, waste treatment. Greenfeeding (sometimes referred to as eco-feeding or ecofriendly feeding) means producing and eating local, healthy and sustainable foods. • Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) top the list of planetary burdens in terms of manufacturing as well as in terms of health impacts (NDCs and infections). Formula and industrial baby foods are UPFs and therefore make an important contribution to negative impacts on climate and natural resources. • Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months and continued breastfeeding while giving family foods produced locally by sustainable agriculture are vital measures for the health of the child, the mother and the environment. They are of critical importance to reduce carbon and water footprints and mitigate the impact of climate change and pollution. • Therefore, type of policy and legal measure to protect, promote and support breastfeeding is a direct and fundamental contribution to mother and child health, to public health and to the health of our planet. • It is crucial to combine legislation (implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and related WHA Resolutions) and traditional cultural contexts to assure success of greenfeeding campaigns.
{"title":"Greenfeeding - an urgent environmental and public health issue!","authors":"Britta Boutry-stadelmann, A. Linnecar","doi":"10.26596/wn.202314291-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202314291-94","url":null,"abstract":"Key messages • Food has a measurable impact on climate change at every stage of production, packaging, transport, waste treatment. Greenfeeding (sometimes referred to as eco-feeding or ecofriendly feeding) means producing and eating local, healthy and sustainable foods. • Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) top the list of planetary burdens in terms of manufacturing as well as in terms of health impacts (NDCs and infections). Formula and industrial baby foods are UPFs and therefore make an important contribution to negative impacts on climate and natural resources. • Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months and continued breastfeeding while giving family foods produced locally by sustainable agriculture are vital measures for the health of the child, the mother and the environment. They are of critical importance to reduce carbon and water footprints and mitigate the impact of climate change and pollution. • Therefore, type of policy and legal measure to protect, promote and support breastfeeding is a direct and fundamental contribution to mother and child health, to public health and to the health of our planet. • It is crucial to combine legislation (implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and related WHA Resolutions) and traditional cultural contexts to assure success of greenfeeding campaigns.","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90818280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.26596/wn.202314213-32
L. Piaggio, B. Núñez, Ignacio Porras, Florencia Guma
The protection of breastfeeding is a human rights issue. It is closely related to the right that babies and mothers have to the highest attainable standard of health, to adequate nutrition and to reliable information. Argentina has incorporated the “International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes” into different regulations in a partial and fragmentary manner, being considered a country “with some provisions of the Code included”.This article is intended to present an assessment of the level of compliance with the rules currently in force in Argentina by corporations as well as by state agencies responsible for enforcement and supervision, focusing on labelling and advertising aspects. The study comprised two different methods for data collection. First, labels found on containers of infant formulas and modified milks for children were collected and analysed according to NetCode Protocol for periodic assessments. Second, ads in digital ecosystem were collected and a content analysis of texts and images was performed.The packages of 54 types of breastmilk substitutes were photographed and examined. 100% of the examined labels of substitutes were in violation of the national rules and regulations and the provisions set forth in the Code. The most frequent reasons were nutrition and/or health claims or declarations, imagery and language idealizing the use of the product, and invitations to make contact with the company. Regarding mandatory texts or designs, violations included the omission, modification, and font size or position that minimizes their presence.In relation to advertising, a database of 440 Instagram and Facebook ads was created. The most profusely advertised products were modified milks for children from 1 year of age, marketed with a figure ‘3’, which constitutes a way of cross-promoting all the line-products. In addition, it was documented that the state agencies involved in approval and control of product labelling and the supervision of advertising either accepted or did nothing about companies’ violations. Moreover, the channels to file complaints were fragmented and usually non-responsive.All of this constitutes a “formula for deception”, an abusive marketing environment. Therefore, currently the major imperative is for Argentina to immediately apply the existing regulations, and to monitor and penalize violations. In the longer term, it is necessary to design a comprehensive law that covers all the provisions of the Code.
{"title":"Formula for deception: Corporate violations and State negligence; Labelling and advertising in breast-milk substitutes in Argentina","authors":"L. Piaggio, B. Núñez, Ignacio Porras, Florencia Guma","doi":"10.26596/wn.202314213-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202314213-32","url":null,"abstract":"The protection of breastfeeding is a human rights issue. It is closely related to the right that babies and mothers have to the highest attainable standard of health, to adequate nutrition and to reliable information. Argentina has incorporated the “International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes” into different regulations in a partial and fragmentary manner, being considered a country “with some provisions of the Code included”.This article is intended to present an assessment of the level of compliance with the rules currently in force in Argentina by corporations as well as by state agencies responsible for enforcement and supervision, focusing on labelling and advertising aspects. The study comprised two different methods for data collection. First, labels found on containers of infant formulas and modified milks for children were collected and analysed according to NetCode Protocol for periodic assessments. Second, ads in digital ecosystem were collected and a content analysis of texts and images was performed.The packages of 54 types of breastmilk substitutes were photographed and examined. 100% of the examined labels of substitutes were in violation of the national rules and regulations and the provisions set forth in the Code. The most frequent reasons were nutrition and/or health claims or declarations, imagery and language idealizing the use of the product, and invitations to make contact with the company. Regarding mandatory texts or designs, violations included the omission, modification, and font size or position that minimizes their presence.In relation to advertising, a database of 440 Instagram and Facebook ads was created. The most profusely advertised products were modified milks for children from 1 year of age, marketed with a figure ‘3’, which constitutes a way of cross-promoting all the line-products. In addition, it was documented that the state agencies involved in approval and control of product labelling and the supervision of advertising either accepted or did nothing about companies’ violations. Moreover, the channels to file complaints were fragmented and usually non-responsive.All of this constitutes a “formula for deception”, an abusive marketing environment. Therefore, currently the major imperative is for Argentina to immediately apply the existing regulations, and to monitor and penalize violations. In the longer term, it is necessary to design a comprehensive law that covers all the provisions of the Code.","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"356 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84884458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the anxiety levels of the players playing in the Men‘s Water Polo Turkish First Division (known as Super League) teams at different periods and their nutritional status, and diet quality. The study was conducted among 60 players who professionally play water polo at different sports clubs. In order to determine the anxiety levels of the players at different time periods, the Sports Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT-A) was applied to the players on two different days. To evaluate the players’ nutritional status, 2 days of food consumption were recorded, 1 day for training and the other for match day. The quality of the players’ diet was evaluated using the Healthy Eating Index -2010. The players’ anxiety (SCAT-A scores) on the match day was found to be higher than on the training day (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship between the players’ anxiety levels on training and match days and the diet quality components nor total Healty Eating Index (HEI-2010) scores on either day (p>0.05). Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between anxiety levels experienced by players at different times and nutritional status and diet quality.
{"title":"Nutritional Status, Diet Quality and Levels of Anxiety During Training and Match Day in Turkish Super League Male Water Polo Players","authors":"Duygu Sağlam, Gulsah Evren","doi":"10.26596/wn.20231412-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.20231412-9","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the anxiety levels of the players playing in the Men‘s Water Polo Turkish First Division (known as Super League) teams at different periods and their nutritional status, and diet quality. The study was conducted among 60 players who professionally play water polo at different sports clubs. In order to determine the anxiety levels of the players at different time periods, the Sports Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT-A) was applied to the players on two different days. To evaluate the players’ nutritional status, 2 days of food consumption were recorded, 1 day for training and the other for match day. The quality of the players’ diet was evaluated using the Healthy Eating Index -2010. The players’ anxiety (SCAT-A scores) on the match day was found to be higher than on the training day (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship between the players’ anxiety levels on training and match days and the diet quality components nor total Healty Eating Index (HEI-2010) scores on either day (p>0.05). Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between anxiety levels experienced by players at different times and nutritional status and diet quality.","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80284335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.26596/wn.202314158-75
Kelsey Grey, R. Rana, M. McGrath, Marko Kerac
Background: To improve global child health, efficacious interventions are important but real-world effectiveness is crucial; this requires translating technical guidance into frontline clinical and patient care practices. Patient management ‘tools’ are frequently used for this purpose, guiding healthcare workers to deliver quality care. Ahead of an update to a patient management tool for small and nutritionally at-risk infants under six months of age (C-MAMI Tool, V2), we reviewed how others have done this in the past. Our aim was to ensure an evidence-based development process to optimise future success and impact. Methods: We investigated five patient management tools: Integrated Care Pathways (ICPs), Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI), Paediatric Early Warning Systems (PEWS), Growth Monitoring (GM), and Emergency Triage Assessment and Treatment (ETAT). Searches were run in PubMed and examined evidence on the development, uptake, and effectiveness of these tools. Results: The tools were developed between approximately 1960-2005, with ongoing development of electronic patient management tools (e-tools). IMCI and ETAT were the most widely used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but low coverage remains a major barrier to effectiveness. Growth monitoring is also widely used in LMICs but lacks strong evidence of effectiveness. Evidence on the use of e-tools for patient management in LMICs is growing. Whilst overall evidence for all these approaches was limited, the strongest evidence of effectiveness was for ICPs. Though evidence was sparse, formative work developing the tools prior to implementation seems important to their future success. Conclusions: Informed by this review, the C-MAMI Tool was updated to the MAMI Care Pathway Package, using an ICP approach and modelled on IMCI. This living resource continues to evolve: aligning with and accounting for existing pathways and systems; baseline formative user-experience research; formal effectiveness research to actively plan for future scale up; collecting information on variance from and adaptations to the care pathway; possible future e-tools. An ICP approach is relevant to other child health and nutrition topics.
{"title":"Key considerations for developing patient management tools for small and nutritionally at-risk infants: A scoping review","authors":"Kelsey Grey, R. Rana, M. McGrath, Marko Kerac","doi":"10.26596/wn.202314158-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202314158-75","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To improve global child health, efficacious interventions are important but real-world effectiveness is crucial; this requires translating technical guidance into frontline clinical and patient care practices. Patient management ‘tools’ are frequently used for this purpose, guiding healthcare workers to deliver quality care. Ahead of an update to a patient management tool for small and nutritionally at-risk infants under six months of age (C-MAMI Tool, V2), we reviewed how others have done this in the past. Our aim was to ensure an evidence-based development process to optimise future success and impact. \u0000Methods: We investigated five patient management tools: Integrated Care Pathways (ICPs), Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI), Paediatric Early Warning Systems (PEWS), Growth Monitoring (GM), and Emergency Triage Assessment and Treatment (ETAT). Searches were run in PubMed and examined evidence on the development, uptake, and effectiveness of these tools. \u0000Results: The tools were developed between approximately 1960-2005, with ongoing development of electronic patient management tools (e-tools). IMCI and ETAT were the most widely used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but low coverage remains a major barrier to effectiveness. Growth monitoring is also widely used in LMICs but lacks strong evidence of effectiveness. Evidence on the use of e-tools for patient management in LMICs is growing. Whilst overall evidence for all these approaches was limited, the strongest evidence of effectiveness was for ICPs. Though evidence was sparse, formative work developing the tools prior to implementation seems important to their future success. \u0000Conclusions: Informed by this review, the C-MAMI Tool was updated to the MAMI Care Pathway Package, using an ICP approach and modelled on IMCI. This living resource continues to evolve: aligning with and accounting for existing pathways and systems; baseline formative user-experience research; formal effectiveness research to actively plan for future scale up; collecting information on variance from and adaptations to the care pathway; possible future e-tools. An ICP approach is relevant to other child health and nutrition topics.","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83150813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.26596/wn.202314116-21
M. Y. Konlan, Paul Konka, Benedict O. Appiah, Felicia Danso, B. Abubakari, H. A. K. Abiwu
Background Creating a supportive environment can help manage the growing burden of obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases (DR-NCDs) through informed diet choices. Food labelling is a typical approach that helps consumers make informed choices when shopping. However, studies on the understanding and use of food labels by consumers in Ghana are limited. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first review to assess the consumer understanding and use of food labels in Ghana. Methods This scoping review was conducted up to the end of December 2021 and included both published and unpublished literature on consumer understanding and use of food labels in Ghana. Results Eight (8) studies were identified. All, except two, assessed self-reported understanding and use of food labels. Although self-reported understanding of food labels was high, actual understanding through objective measurements was low. The study sheds light on the drivers and challenges of the consumer's use of labels, both of which tend to relate to practical issues (examples include health or religious issues in the former case and time constraints in the latter). Conclusions The Government of Ghana and the food industry need to explore new ways to improve consumer understanding of food labels and how they are used.
{"title":"Consumer understanding and use of food labels in Ghana: A review of the evidence","authors":"M. Y. Konlan, Paul Konka, Benedict O. Appiah, Felicia Danso, B. Abubakari, H. A. K. Abiwu","doi":"10.26596/wn.202314116-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202314116-21","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000Creating a supportive environment can help manage the growing burden of obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases (DR-NCDs) through informed diet choices. Food labelling is a typical approach that helps consumers make informed choices when shopping. However, studies on the understanding and use of food labels by consumers in Ghana are limited. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first review to assess the consumer understanding and use of food labels in Ghana. \u0000Methods \u0000This scoping review was conducted up to the end of December 2021 and included both published and unpublished literature on consumer understanding and use of food labels in Ghana. \u0000Results \u0000Eight (8) studies were identified. All, except two, assessed self-reported understanding and use of food labels. Although self-reported understanding of food labels was high, actual understanding through objective measurements was low. The study sheds light on the drivers and challenges of the consumer's use of labels, both of which tend to relate to practical issues (examples include health or religious issues in the former case and time constraints in the latter). \u0000Conclusions \u0000The Government of Ghana and the food industry need to explore new ways to improve consumer understanding of food labels and how they are used.","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"20 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88096382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.26596/wn.2023141113-115
Shamim Ghazi
The book titled “Reshaping Food systems to improve nutrition and health in the eastern Mediterranean Region,” written by Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh and Alexa L. Meyer points out that to make healthy and sustainable diets accessible to all, we need to significantly change current methods of food production and consumption, also in the face of climate change. Therefore, the United Nations have convened a Food Systems Summit in September 2021 to offer a platform for exchange and cooperation between countries and actors in the food system and they are organized into five courses of action that include: 1. Ensure access to safe and nutrition food for all, 2. Shift to sustainable consumption patterns, 3. Boost nature-positive production, 4. Advance equitable livelihoods, 5. Build resilience to vulnerabilities, shocks and stress. The aims of this book are to eliminate malnutrition and food insecurity and increase access to safe food in order to achieve high priorities in the fight against poverty.
由Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh和Alexa L. Meyer撰写的《重塑粮食系统，改善东地中海地区的营养和健康》一书指出，为了让所有人都能获得健康和可持续的饮食，我们需要在气候变化的背景下，对目前的粮食生产和消费方式进行重大改变。因此，联合国将于2021年9月召开粮食系统首脑会议，为各国和粮食系统行为体之间的交流与合作提供平台，并将其组织为五项行动方案，包括:1 .确保所有人都能获得安全和营养的食品;2 .转向可持续消费模式。促进对自然有利的生产;4 .促进公平生计;建立抵御脆弱性、冲击和压力的能力。这本书的目的是消除营养不良和粮食不安全，增加获得安全食品的机会，以实现与贫困作斗争的高度优先事项。
{"title":"Book review: Reshaping Food Systems to Improve Nutrition and Health in the Eastern Mediterranean Region","authors":"Shamim Ghazi","doi":"10.26596/wn.2023141113-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.2023141113-115","url":null,"abstract":"The book titled “Reshaping Food systems to improve nutrition and health in the eastern Mediterranean Region,” written by Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh and Alexa L. Meyer points out that to make healthy and sustainable diets accessible to all, we need to significantly change current methods of food production and consumption, also in the face of climate change. Therefore, the United Nations have convened a Food Systems Summit in September 2021 to offer a platform for exchange and cooperation between countries and actors in the food system and they are organized into five courses of action that include: 1. Ensure access to safe and nutrition food for all, 2. Shift to sustainable consumption patterns, 3. Boost nature-positive production, 4. Advance equitable livelihoods, 5. Build resilience to vulnerabilities, shocks and stress. The aims of this book are to eliminate malnutrition and food insecurity and increase access to safe food in order to achieve high priorities in the fight against poverty.","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88688849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.26596/wn.202314176-85
George Kent
The United States’ Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, commonly known as WIC, is based in the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). It provides services to about half the infants born in the country, with many of them getting subsidized infant formula. WIC manages this in close collaboration with major manufacturers of formula. This commentary examines WIC’s practices in relation to the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes and concludes that the United States is a major violator of the aims and principles of the Code.
{"title":"How does the U.S. Government violate the infant formula marketing code?","authors":"George Kent","doi":"10.26596/wn.202314176-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202314176-85","url":null,"abstract":"The United States’ Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, commonly known as WIC, is based in the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). It provides services to about half the infants born in the country, with many of them getting subsidized infant formula. WIC manages this in close collaboration with major manufacturers of formula. This commentary examines WIC’s practices in relation to the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes and concludes that the United States is a major violator of the aims and principles of the Code.","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"190 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79556036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.26596/wn.202314186-99
M. Mialon, Ashka Naik
The aim of this paper is to contribute to global discussion on public health policies for protecting and promoting healthy diets, as it is advancing in the U.S. This discussion assesses specific cases of successful policy making from several countries across the world, often against industry resistance. We discuss five key public policies and interventions: i) food labeling; ii) marketing restrictions and healthy school food policies; iii) fiscal policies; iv) models for classifying the (un)healthiness of a product; v) interventions to address food industry influence and conflicts of interest in public health policy. The paper also argues how the U.S can adapt or adopt some of these public policies, while also preparing for the challenges from the ultra-processed food industry that may perceive these advances as threats to its business. We conclude the discussion by postulating that the U.S. is primed to advance several of these initiatives that have already been espoused in law and evaluated to be effective in other countries. The U.S. will have unique challenges, as many of the food industry actors have deep political influence on American politics and markets, although these global lessons can enable the legislative, policy, and civil society ecosystems with additional tools and strategies to progress policy movement toward defending people’s health and wellbeing over industry’s influence and profit.
{"title":"A discussion of stronger public policies to protect and promote healthy diets: what can the U.S. learn from other countries?","authors":"M. Mialon, Ashka Naik","doi":"10.26596/wn.202314186-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202314186-99","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to contribute to global discussion on public health policies for protecting and promoting healthy diets, as it is advancing in the U.S. This discussion assesses specific cases of successful policy making from several countries across the world, often against industry resistance. We discuss five key public policies and interventions: i) food labeling; ii) marketing restrictions and healthy school food policies; iii) fiscal policies; iv) models for classifying the (un)healthiness of a product; v) interventions to address food industry influence and conflicts of interest in public health policy. The paper also argues how the U.S can adapt or adopt some of these public policies, while also preparing for the challenges from the ultra-processed food industry that may perceive these advances as threats to its business. We conclude the discussion by postulating that the U.S. is primed to advance several of these initiatives that have already been espoused in law and evaluated to be effective in other countries. The U.S. will have unique challenges, as many of the food industry actors have deep political influence on American politics and markets, although these global lessons can enable the legislative, policy, and civil society ecosystems with additional tools and strategies to progress policy movement toward defending people’s health and wellbeing over industry’s influence and profit.","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76913717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.26596/wn.202314128-57
Hananeh Ahmadnia, H. Bahrami, Soraya Mohamadzadeh
Depression is a mental illness with several categories that have common symptoms such as chronic sorrow, lack of interest, lack of pleasure, mood swings between guilt and poor self-esteem, sleep disturbances, and a loss of appetite. Over 300 million individuals globally suffer from depression, and the socioeconomic cost of this debilitating disorder is expected to rise dramatically in the future decades. Behavioral health illnesses can be prevented and treated to some extent with dietary and nutritional means. Nutritional psychiatry has produced observational and effectiveness evidence regarding the role of healthy dietary patterns in the onset and treatment of depressive symptoms. Diet is associated with depressive symptoms or depression, meaning that an increase in depressive disorders coincide with a deterioration in healthy living choices, including poor quality diets. Healthy eating habits and adequate intake of essential nutrients via the diet can help prevent and treat depression by reducing symptoms of mental illness. In addition, because nutrition is a modifiable risk factor for depression, it is practical for the public to consider dietary changes to reduce the prevalence of depressive disorders. This paper reviews the potential value of diet-based actions to manage depression, and ways in which dietary changes could be made to improve mental and cognitive health. Furthermore, some practical solutions for preventing and controlling depression are proposed based on health-related effects of improving dietary habits and life style.
{"title":"Effect of Diet on Depression: A Review of Nutritional Solutions","authors":"Hananeh Ahmadnia, H. Bahrami, Soraya Mohamadzadeh","doi":"10.26596/wn.202314128-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26596/wn.202314128-57","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is a mental illness with several categories that have common symptoms such as chronic sorrow, lack of interest, lack of pleasure, mood swings between guilt and poor self-esteem, sleep disturbances, and a loss of appetite. Over 300 million individuals globally suffer from depression, and the socioeconomic cost of this debilitating disorder is expected to rise dramatically in the future decades. \u0000Behavioral health illnesses can be prevented and treated to some extent with dietary and nutritional means. Nutritional psychiatry has produced observational and effectiveness evidence regarding the role of healthy dietary patterns in the onset and treatment of depressive symptoms. Diet is associated with depressive symptoms or depression, meaning that an increase in depressive disorders coincide with a deterioration in healthy living choices, including poor quality diets. \u0000Healthy eating habits and adequate intake of essential nutrients via the diet can help prevent and treat depression by reducing symptoms of mental illness. In addition, because nutrition is a modifiable risk factor for depression, it is practical for the public to consider dietary changes to reduce the prevalence of depressive disorders. \u0000This paper reviews the potential value of diet-based actions to manage depression, and ways in which dietary changes could be made to improve mental and cognitive health. Furthermore, some practical solutions for preventing and controlling depression are proposed based on health-related effects of improving dietary habits and life style. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":23779,"journal":{"name":"World review of nutrition and dietetics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81340164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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