Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2018.7.3.219
Jae-Deok Kim, Young‐Sook Kim, H. Kwak, Hyeyoung Kim, Younmi Lee, Y. Ko, K. Park, Jung-sup Choi
We isolated Streptomyces scopuliridis KR-001 that produced herbicidal active metabolite(s) against several grass and broad leaf weeds. In this study, potential as natural herbicide of mutant N-29 broth filtrate of S. scopuliridis KR-001 was investigated to Ambrosia artemisiifilia in a greenhouse and field condition. The broth filtrate of mutant N-29 by foliar application showed a strong herbicidal activity to A. artemisiifilia with leaf stage in a greenhouse condition. Also, field trial of foliar application within treatment range had effectively controlled with early and middle stage of A. artemisiifilia at the natural habitats. Phytotoxic symptoms of mutant N-29 broth filtrate by foliar application were wilting and discoloration, and burndown of leaves and finally plant death. These results suggest that mutant N-29 broth filtrate is considered possible as a natural herbicide for controlling environmentally friend to invasive alien plant such as A. artemisiifilia and may provide a new lead molecule for a more efficient herbicide.
{"title":"Control of Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) of Mutant N-29 Broth Filtrate of Streptomyces scopuliridis KR-001","authors":"Jae-Deok Kim, Young‐Sook Kim, H. Kwak, Hyeyoung Kim, Younmi Lee, Y. Ko, K. Park, Jung-sup Choi","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2018.7.3.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2018.7.3.219","url":null,"abstract":"We isolated Streptomyces scopuliridis KR-001 that produced herbicidal active metabolite(s) against several grass and broad leaf weeds. In this study, potential as natural herbicide of mutant N-29 broth filtrate of S. scopuliridis KR-001 was investigated to Ambrosia artemisiifilia in a greenhouse and field condition. The broth filtrate of mutant N-29 by foliar application showed a strong herbicidal activity to A. artemisiifilia with leaf stage in a greenhouse condition. Also, field trial of foliar application within treatment range had effectively controlled with early and middle stage of A. artemisiifilia at the natural habitats. Phytotoxic symptoms of mutant N-29 broth filtrate by foliar application were wilting and discoloration, and burndown of leaves and finally plant death. These results suggest that mutant N-29 broth filtrate is considered possible as a natural herbicide for controlling environmentally friend to invasive alien plant such as A. artemisiifilia and may provide a new lead molecule for a more efficient herbicide.","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"219-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86263375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2018.7.2.130
Minju Kim, Jieun Song, K. Sowndhararajan, Songmun Kim
The colors of packaging of herbicides and non-selective herbicides on the market in Korea are defined as brown and red, respectively, according to the notification of RDA. The present study aimed to understand consumer’s electroencephalographic (EEG) response when looking at brown and red colors of herbicide and non-selective herbicide packaging papers. The EEG cap was placed on the scalp of each participant (men and women, 10 to 20 years old) and white (control) brown white red colors were sequentially displayed for 5 seconds using the computer monitor. The EEG was measured and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. For the brown color of the herbicide, men showed a decrease in concentration and a distracting response due to a decrease in the ratio of mid beta to theta (RMT) and the spectral edge of frequency (SEF90). In women, an increase in the ratio of SMR to theta (RSMT) and the spectral edge frequency 50% of the alpha (ASEF) was observed in different brain regions and these EEG changes may enhance the relaxation, stabilization and awakening states of the brain. For the red color of the non-selective herbicide, ASEF increased psychological stability in men. In women, a decrease in absolute high beta (AHB) may associate with a decrease in attention state of the brain. Overall data of the present study clearly revealed that the colors of two herbicides showed significantly different EEG response and gender difference.
{"title":"ERRATUM : Brain Wave Response to Bottle Color of Herbicides and Non-selective Herbicides in Korea","authors":"Minju Kim, Jieun Song, K. Sowndhararajan, Songmun Kim","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2018.7.2.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2018.7.2.130","url":null,"abstract":"The colors of packaging of herbicides and non-selective herbicides on the market in Korea are defined as brown and red, respectively, according to the notification of RDA. The present study aimed to understand consumer’s electroencephalographic (EEG) response when looking at brown and red colors of herbicide and non-selective herbicide packaging papers. The EEG cap was placed on the scalp of each participant (men and women, 10 to 20 years old) and white (control) brown white red colors were sequentially displayed for 5 seconds using the computer monitor. The EEG was measured and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. For the brown color of the herbicide, men showed a decrease in concentration and a distracting response due to a decrease in the ratio of mid beta to theta (RMT) and the spectral edge of frequency (SEF90). In women, an increase in the ratio of SMR to theta (RSMT) and the spectral edge frequency 50% of the alpha (ASEF) was observed in different brain regions and these EEG changes may enhance the relaxation, stabilization and awakening states of the brain. For the red color of the non-selective herbicide, ASEF increased psychological stability in men. In women, a decrease in absolute high beta (AHB) may associate with a decrease in attention state of the brain. Overall data of the present study clearly revealed that the colors of two herbicides showed significantly different EEG response and gender difference.","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"217 1","pages":"130-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76594161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-30DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.179
Woon-Ha Hwang, Jung-sun Baek, Seung-Hyeon Ahn, Jae-Hyeok Jeong, Han-yong Jeong, H. Lee, Jong-Tak Yoon, Tae-Sun Park, Geon-Hwi Lee, Kyung-Jin Choi
In order to provide basic data for efficient control of weedy rice, we analyzed emergence rate of 100 weedy rice genetic resources collected in South Korea according to growth temperature and soil burial depth. Analyzing of emergence rate using low dormancy weedy rice genetic resources, emergence was increased at 12 and 14°C of mean temperature condition. When calculating the effective accumulated temperature above 10°C, emergence rate increased 0.6% and 0.5% in 1 cm and 3 cm of soil depth, respectively according to increase of 1°C. However it reduced as 0.28% in 5 cm of soil depth condition. Analyzing of emergence rate using high dormancy weedy rice, red rice showed 55%, 46%, 41% of emergence rate in 1 cm, 3 cm and 5 cm of soil depth condition, respectively. However those of white rice decreased as 10%, 8% and 5.7% in 1 cm, 3 cm and 5 cm of soil depth condition, respectively. Relative emergence, assuming the final emergence rate as 100%, reached 80%, 90% and 100% when effective accumulated temperature was 83-112°C, 100-123°C, 148-160°C respectively.
{"title":"Emergence Characteristics of Weedy Rice Collected in South Korea","authors":"Woon-Ha Hwang, Jung-sun Baek, Seung-Hyeon Ahn, Jae-Hyeok Jeong, Han-yong Jeong, H. Lee, Jong-Tak Yoon, Tae-Sun Park, Geon-Hwi Lee, Kyung-Jin Choi","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.179","url":null,"abstract":"In order to provide basic data for efficient control of weedy rice, we analyzed emergence rate of 100 weedy rice genetic resources collected in South Korea according to growth temperature and soil burial depth. Analyzing of emergence rate using low dormancy weedy rice genetic resources, emergence was increased at 12 and 14°C of mean temperature condition. When calculating the effective accumulated temperature above 10°C, emergence rate increased 0.6% and 0.5% in 1 cm and 3 cm of soil depth, respectively according to increase of 1°C. However it reduced as 0.28% in 5 cm of soil depth condition. Analyzing of emergence rate using high dormancy weedy rice, red rice showed 55%, 46%, 41% of emergence rate in 1 cm, 3 cm and 5 cm of soil depth condition, respectively. However those of white rice decreased as 10%, 8% and 5.7% in 1 cm, 3 cm and 5 cm of soil depth condition, respectively. Relative emergence, assuming the final emergence rate as 100%, reached 80%, 90% and 100% when effective accumulated temperature was 83-112°C, 100-123°C, 148-160°C respectively.","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"3 1","pages":"179-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85376900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-30DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.212
최정섭, 김영숙, 김재덕, 김혜진, 고영관, 박기웅, 문석식
An actinomycetes isolate G-0299 obtained from a forest soil showed strong phytotoxic activity to Digitaria ciliaris. For the foliar application study, the culture filtrate of the isolate G-0299 showed strong herbicidal activity only to D. ciliaris among the 12 monocot and 5 dicot weed species. And herbicidal activity at a concentration of 500, 250, 125 and 62.5 μg mL -1 of culture filtrate was 100%, 98%, 70% and 40%, respectively. Phytotoxic symptoms of the culture filtrate by foliar application were desiccation and burn-down or bleaching of leaves and finally plant death. And then the herbicidal activity was exhibited only under the light condition. Also, chlorophyll loss of D. ciliaris leaf tissues in the light condition was much higher than in the dark condition and then chlorophyll content decreased 82%, 5%, respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest that soil bacteria, isolate G-0299 could be a good candidate for new bio-herbicide and provide a new lead molecule for a more unique herbicide.
从森林土壤中分离得到的放线菌G-0299对毛毛Digitaria ciliaris具有较强的植物毒活性。在叶面应用研究中，分离物G-0299培养滤液在12种单子叶杂草和5种双子叶杂草中仅对毛缕草有较强的除草活性。培养滤液浓度为500、250、125和62.5 μg mL -1时，除草活性分别为100%、98%、70%和40%。叶面施用培养滤液的植物毒性表现为叶片干燥、烧坏或漂白，最终导致植株死亡。然后仅在光照条件下表现出除草活性。光照条件下，毛缕草叶片组织叶绿素损失显著高于黑暗条件，叶绿素含量分别下降82%和5%。综上所述，土壤细菌G-0299分离物可能是新型生物除草剂的良好候选者，并为开发更独特的除草剂提供新的先导分子。
{"title":"토양 방선균 Actinomycetes G-0299의 바랭이에 대한 선택적 살초특성","authors":"최정섭, 김영숙, 김재덕, 김혜진, 고영관, 박기웅, 문석식","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.212","url":null,"abstract":"An actinomycetes isolate G-0299 obtained from a forest soil showed strong phytotoxic activity to Digitaria ciliaris. For the foliar application study, the culture filtrate of the isolate G-0299 showed strong herbicidal activity only to D. ciliaris among the 12 monocot and 5 dicot weed species. And herbicidal activity at a concentration of 500, 250, 125 and 62.5 μg mL -1 of culture filtrate was 100%, 98%, 70% and 40%, respectively. Phytotoxic symptoms of the culture filtrate by foliar application were desiccation and burn-down or bleaching of leaves and finally plant death. And then the herbicidal activity was exhibited only under the light condition. Also, chlorophyll loss of D. ciliaris leaf tissues in the light condition was much higher than in the dark condition and then chlorophyll content decreased 82%, 5%, respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest that soil bacteria, isolate G-0299 could be a good candidate for new bio-herbicide and provide a new lead molecule for a more unique herbicide.","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"7 1","pages":"212-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81267476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-30DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.203
Tae-Sun Park, Jae-Bok Hwang, Hee-Soo Bae, Hong-Kyu Park, Gun-Hwi Lee
This study was conducted to investigate the phytotoxicity of main rice varieties and control efficacy of HPPD inhibitor to major paddy weeds at the time of temperature rise due to climate change. Phytotoxicity of herbicide to rice was increased as temperature was increased, and more severe in root than shoot. The phytotoxicity of japonica rice cultivars for the rice were mild enough to recover. However, glutinous rice, super high yield rice, and Tongil rice varieties were damaged enough to decrease the yield. Shindongjinbyeo transplanted by June 15, showed phytotoxicity enough to recover. However, in the rice field on June 30 and on July 15, the rice showed a remarkable inhibition. The control effect of Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides was more than 90% under the temperature condition controlled artificially. However, Echinochloa oryzicola was controlled 40% at 27.5°C, which is a high temperature condition. In rice fields with different transplanting times, annual weeds except for E. oryzicola were highly controlled by 90% or more regardless of the time of transplanting.
{"title":"Change of Efficacy and Phytotoxicity of Paddy Herbicide under Temperature Rise","authors":"Tae-Sun Park, Jae-Bok Hwang, Hee-Soo Bae, Hong-Kyu Park, Gun-Hwi Lee","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.203","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the phytotoxicity of main rice varieties and control efficacy of HPPD inhibitor to major paddy weeds at the time of temperature rise due to climate change. Phytotoxicity of herbicide to rice was increased as temperature was increased, and more severe in root than shoot. The phytotoxicity of japonica rice cultivars for the rice were mild enough to recover. However, glutinous rice, super high yield rice, and Tongil rice varieties were damaged enough to decrease the yield. Shindongjinbyeo transplanted by June 15, showed phytotoxicity enough to recover. However, in the rice field on June 30 and on July 15, the rice showed a remarkable inhibition. The control effect of Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides was more than 90% under the temperature condition controlled artificially. However, Echinochloa oryzicola was controlled 40% at 27.5°C, which is a high temperature condition. In rice fields with different transplanting times, annual weeds except for E. oryzicola were highly controlled by 90% or more regardless of the time of transplanting.","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"203-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87244647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-30DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.189
Jung-Lai Cho, N. An, Hong-Sik Nam, Sang‐Min Lee, Jung-hun Ok
전북 완주의 국립농업과학원 유기농업 시험포장에서 2015년과 2016년 콩 무경운 유기재배를 위해 피복식물을 이용한 잡초관리 시험을 수행하였다. 피복식물은 호밀 단파와 헤어리베치를 단파하는 처리와 혼파하는 처리를 두었다. 피복식물은 2014년 가을에는 경운 후에 파종하였으나 2015년 이후에는 무경운 파종하였고, 콩...
{"title":"Effect of Cover Crop on Weed Control in No-tilled Organic Soybean Field","authors":"Jung-Lai Cho, N. An, Hong-Sik Nam, Sang‐Min Lee, Jung-hun Ok","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.189","url":null,"abstract":"전북 완주의 국립농업과학원 유기농업 시험포장에서 2015년과 2016년 콩 무경운 유기재배를 위해 피복식물을 이용한 잡초관리 시험을 수행하였다. 피복식물은 호밀 단파와 헤어리베치를 단파하는 처리와 혼파하는 처리를 두었다. 피복식물은 2014년 가을에는 경운 후에 파종하였으나 2015년 이후에는 무경운 파종하였고, 콩...","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89706067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-30DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.165
I. Im, Bo-Hyeok Im, Jea-Hyeon Park, Min-Hyeok Im, Jeong-Han Jang, In‐Yong Lee
This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of weeds occurring in paeony field in June and July, 2015 in Uiseong, Cheongsong of Kyungbuk province, and Hwasun, Jangheung, Gangjin of Jeonnam province. In total paeony field, there were 35 families and 105 species, including 30 species of Asteraceae, nine species of Poaceae, eight species of Polygonaceae, and each five species of Fabaceae and Convolvulaceae, By life style, there were 49 species of annuals, 27 species of winter annuals and 24 species of perennials. In Kyeongbuk province, 30 families and 75 species were found including 20 species of Asteraceae, seven species of Poaceae, six species of Polygonaceae, each four species of Brassicaceae, Fabaceae and Convolvulaceae, three species of Euphorbiaceae. By life style, there were 35 species of annuals, 21 species of winter annuals and 19 species of perennials. In Jeonnam province, 34 families and 88 species were found including 23 species of Asteraceae, seven species of Poaceae, eight species of Polygonaceae, six species of Fabaceae and four species of Scrophulariaceae. By life style, there were 43 species of annuals, 15 species of winter annuals and 25 species of perennials. Therefore, there are various occurrences of annual, annual, and perennial weeds in peony fields, and weed control system should be set up accordingly.
{"title":"Weed Occurrence in Peony (Paeonia lactiflora) Fields","authors":"I. Im, Bo-Hyeok Im, Jea-Hyeon Park, Min-Hyeok Im, Jeong-Han Jang, In‐Yong Lee","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.165","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of weeds occurring in paeony field in June and July, 2015 in Uiseong, Cheongsong of Kyungbuk province, and Hwasun, Jangheung, Gangjin of Jeonnam province. In total paeony field, there were 35 families and 105 species, including 30 species of Asteraceae, nine species of Poaceae, eight species of Polygonaceae, and each five species of Fabaceae and Convolvulaceae, By life style, there were 49 species of annuals, 27 species of winter annuals and 24 species of perennials. In Kyeongbuk province, 30 families and 75 species were found including 20 species of Asteraceae, seven species of Poaceae, six species of Polygonaceae, each four species of Brassicaceae, Fabaceae and Convolvulaceae, three species of Euphorbiaceae. By life style, there were 35 species of annuals, 21 species of winter annuals and 19 species of perennials. In Jeonnam province, 34 families and 88 species were found including 23 species of Asteraceae, seven species of Poaceae, eight species of Polygonaceae, six species of Fabaceae and four species of Scrophulariaceae. By life style, there were 43 species of annuals, 15 species of winter annuals and 25 species of perennials. Therefore, there are various occurrences of annual, annual, and perennial weeds in peony fields, and weed control system should be set up accordingly.","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"146 1","pages":"165-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86838440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-30DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.235
Kyoung-Nam Kim
This study was initiated to investigate seed germinating vigor, germination speed, and establishment characteristics of Festuca species under natural conditions (5-25°C). Germination rate was 62.0% in CRF ‘Audubon’ to 97.0% in TF ‘Olympic Gold’. It was greater with TF over fine-type fescues, being TF>SF>CF, HF>CRF. The germination speed, measured as days to seed germination of 50% through 80%, was fastest with TF, medium to high with CF, medium with HF and SF, and slowest with CRF. However, it was approximately 4 days slower under natural conditions, as compared with that under alternative conditions (15-25°C). Germination peak time was much faster with TF. It ranged from 0.73 to 1.84 days with TF, being 1.45 days in average. But it varied with 2.16 to 11.75 days among fine-type species. The peak time was longer in order of SFCF>SF>HF>CRF. conditions represent alternative conditions of 8-hr light at 25°C and 16-hr dark at 15°C and natural conditions at the room temperature of 5 to 25°C, respectively. Data under alternative conditions were adapted from Kim (2015). Mean separation was made by Duncan’s multiple range test at P =0.05.
{"title":"Analysis of Seed Germinating Vigor, Germination Speed and Peak Time in 9 Fescues under Alternative and Natural Conditions at the Room Temperature","authors":"Kyoung-Nam Kim","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.235","url":null,"abstract":"This study was initiated to investigate seed germinating vigor, germination speed, and establishment characteristics of Festuca species under natural conditions (5-25°C). Germination rate was 62.0% in CRF ‘Audubon’ to 97.0% in TF ‘Olympic Gold’. It was greater with TF over fine-type fescues, being TF>SF>CF, HF>CRF. The germination speed, measured as days to seed germination of 50% through 80%, was fastest with TF, medium to high with CF, medium with HF and SF, and slowest with CRF. However, it was approximately 4 days slower under natural conditions, as compared with that under alternative conditions (15-25°C). Germination peak time was much faster with TF. It ranged from 0.73 to 1.84 days with TF, being 1.45 days in average. But it varied with 2.16 to 11.75 days among fine-type species. The peak time was longer in order of SF<CF<HF<CRF. Considering germinating vigor, germination speed and peak time, TF ‘Olympic Gold’ was the best cultivar under natural conditions, while CRF ‘Audubon’ the poorest one. The overall establishment characteristics among Festuca species were even better with TF over fine-type fescues, which decreased in order of TF>CF>SF>HF>CRF. conditions represent alternative conditions of 8-hr light at 25°C and 16-hr dark at 15°C and natural conditions at the room temperature of 5 to 25°C, respectively. Data under alternative conditions were adapted from Kim (2015). Mean separation was made by Duncan’s multiple range test at P =0.05.","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"235-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87248943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-30DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.222
Jin-Seog Kim, H. Kwak, B. Kim
전세계적으로 해양녹조 대발생(green tide)은 해양생태계에 큰 위협이 되고 있으며 주로 갈파래과의 Ulva 속 식물이 대부분을 차지하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 구멍갈파래(Ulva australis, ULAUS) 사멸에 미치는 여러 물리화학적 요인들의 영향 정도를 조사하여 향후 갈파래 대발생 경감기술 확립을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 ...
{"title":"Effects of Various Physical and Chemical Factors on the Death of Trouble Seaweed Ulva australis","authors":"Jin-Seog Kim, H. Kwak, B. Kim","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.222","url":null,"abstract":"전세계적으로 해양녹조 대발생(green tide)은 해양생태계에 큰 위협이 되고 있으며 주로 갈파래과의 Ulva 속 식물이 대부분을 차지하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 구멍갈파래(Ulva australis, ULAUS) 사멸에 미치는 여러 물리화학적 요인들의 영향 정도를 조사하여 향후 갈파래 대발생 경감기술 확립을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 ...","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"198 1","pages":"222-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77666305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-30DOI: 10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.262
Young-sun Kim, Hye-Jung Lim, Soun-Kyu Ham, Geung-Joo Lee
This study was conducted to evaluate incorporation ratio of soil amendment ‘Profile’ to improve soil physicochemical properties and turfgrass growth. The soil amendment was added 0 (sand only), 3, 5, 7, and 10% to USGA Green-spec green sand soil. As incorporated with more ‘Profile’ amendment, soil electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), capillary porosity and total porosity of root zone were increased than those of control, while bulk density and hydraulic conductivity decreased. Turfgrass index and clipping yield of creeping bentgrass grown in sand soil incorporated with 7% ‘Profile’ were improved than those of control. Correlation coefficient of turf color index and incorporation ratio of the soil amendment ‘Profile’ was found to show significantly positive correlation. These results indicated that application of the soil amendment ‘Profile’ to sand soil in golf course green improved turfgrass growth and quality by increasing CEC and porosity of root zone.
研究了土壤改良剂“剖面”的掺入比例对改善土壤理化性质和草坪草生长的影响。在USGA green -spec绿砂土中分别添加0(仅含砂)、3、5、7、10%的土壤改良剂。土壤电导率(EC)、阳离子交换容量(CEC)、根区毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度均比对照增加，而容重和导电性则降低。在沙土中添加7%“剖面”的匍匐弯草的草坪草指数和剪枝产量均比对照有所提高。草坪颜色指数的相关系数与土壤改良剂“剖面”的掺入率呈显著正相关。上述结果表明，高尔夫球场果岭沙地土壤改良剂“剖面”通过增加根区土壤CEC和孔隙度，改善了草坪草的生长和质量。
{"title":"Improvement of Physicochemical Properties and Turfgrass Growth by Root Zone Mixture of Soil Amendment ‘Profile’","authors":"Young-sun Kim, Hye-Jung Lim, Soun-Kyu Ham, Geung-Joo Lee","doi":"10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2017.6.3.262","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate incorporation ratio of soil amendment ‘Profile’ to improve soil physicochemical properties and turfgrass growth. The soil amendment was added 0 (sand only), 3, 5, 7, and 10% to USGA Green-spec green sand soil. As incorporated with more ‘Profile’ amendment, soil electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), capillary porosity and total porosity of root zone were increased than those of control, while bulk density and hydraulic conductivity decreased. Turfgrass index and clipping yield of creeping bentgrass grown in sand soil incorporated with 7% ‘Profile’ were improved than those of control. Correlation coefficient of turf color index and incorporation ratio of the soil amendment ‘Profile’ was found to show significantly positive correlation. These results indicated that application of the soil amendment ‘Profile’ to sand soil in golf course green improved turfgrass growth and quality by increasing CEC and porosity of root zone.","PeriodicalId":23804,"journal":{"name":"Weed&Turfgrass Science","volume":"76 1","pages":"262-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79513859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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