Valerie Brandt, Yuning Zhang, Hannah Carr, Dennis Golm, Christoph U Correll, Gonzalo Arrondo, Joseph Firth, Lamiece Hassan, Marco Solmi, Samuele Cortese
{"title":"First evidence of a general disease (\"d\") factor, a common factor underlying physical and mental illness.","authors":"Valerie Brandt, Yuning Zhang, Hannah Carr, Dennis Golm, Christoph U Correll, Gonzalo Arrondo, Joseph Firth, Lamiece Hassan, Marco Solmi, Samuele Cortese","doi":"10.1002/wps.21097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wps.21097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"335-337"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168148/pdf/WPS-22-335.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9436378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The non-ergodic nature of mental health and psychiatric disorders: implications for biomarker and diagnostic research.","authors":"Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg","doi":"10.1002/wps.21086","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wps.21086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"272-274"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168159/pdf/WPS-22-272.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
265 nia, and antipsychotic medications used to treat or prevent recurrence of mania/hy pomania impact dopamine transmission. More over, the prefrontal corticalstriatal reward neural network, which has been implicat ed in bipolar disorder and predisposition to mania/hypomania, has extensive dopa mine projections: midbrain ventral teg men tal area to ventral striatum (mesolimbic), midbrain substantia nigra pars compacta to dorsal striatum (nigro striatal), and ventral tegmental area to prefrontal cortex (mesocortical) pathways. Furthermore, amphetamineinduced ventral striatal dopamine release was positively associated with increase in mania/ hypomania in adults with bipolar disorder vs. non-psychiatric control participants; and a large rodent literature associates elevated reward network ventral tegmental area dopamine transmission with rewarddriven impulsive behavior, as well as other features of mania/hypomania, such as reduced sleep and increased energy. Together, these findings indicate that the combination of specific reward expectan cy paradigms and multimodal imaging ap p roaches examining reward expectancyrelated neural network activity and underlying dopaminergic modulation is a promising way to identify biomarkers reflecting neurobiological mechanisms predisposing to mania/hypomania. Bipolar disorder has also been conceptualized as a disorder of energy regulation, involving high levels of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress that might result from elevated dopamine transmission. Elegant translational work in mice and hu mans has shown that sustained elevated do pamine synthesis results in ele vated cy tosolic dopamine, which in turn leads to increased metabolism of dopamine by mon oamine oxidase. In this pro cess, mon oamine oxidase anchors to the outer mito chondrial membrane and transfers ele ctrons generated by dopamine deamination into the mitochondri al intermembrane space, increasing electron transport chain activity and supporting elevated dopamine synthesis and release. Increased metabolic demand can, however, ultimately lead to impaired mitochondrial function and a toxic cascade in which elevated oxidative stressinduced mitochondrial dysfunction results in cytosolic dopamine oxidation, with elevat ed cytosolic dopamine further contributing to mitochondrial oxidative stress. Thus, elevated dopamine transmis sion and asso ciated mitochondrial dysfunction is a putative mechanism underlying the energy regulation dysfunction characterizing mania/ hypo mania in bipolar disorder. These examples provide possible app roaches that can be adopted by future studies aiming to identify biomarkers reflecting core neurobiological mechanisms underlying key features characterizing and predis pos ing to mania/hypomania. An im portant point to note, however, is that these features, especially rewarddriven impulsive decisionmaking and behavior, are associated, at least in part, with other disorders, such as substance use disorders. Thus, th
{"title":"Balancing the beautiful and the good in pursuit of biomarkers for depression.","authors":"Helen S Mayberg, Boadie W Dunlop","doi":"10.1002/wps.21081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21081","url":null,"abstract":"265 nia, and antipsychotic medications used to treat or prevent recurrence of mania/hy pomania impact dopamine transmission. More over, the prefrontal corticalstriatal reward neural network, which has been implicat ed in bipolar disorder and predisposition to mania/hypomania, has extensive dopa mine projections: midbrain ventral teg men tal area to ventral striatum (mesolimbic), midbrain substantia nigra pars compacta to dorsal striatum (nigro striatal), and ventral tegmental area to prefrontal cortex (mesocortical) pathways. Furthermore, amphetamineinduced ventral striatal dopamine release was positively associated with increase in mania/ hypomania in adults with bipolar disorder vs. non-psychiatric control participants; and a large rodent literature associates elevated reward network ventral tegmental area dopamine transmission with rewarddriven impulsive behavior, as well as other features of mania/hypomania, such as reduced sleep and increased energy. Together, these findings indicate that the combination of specific reward expectan cy paradigms and multimodal imaging ap p roaches examining reward expectancyrelated neural network activity and underlying dopaminergic modulation is a promising way to identify biomarkers reflecting neurobiological mechanisms predisposing to mania/hypomania. Bipolar disorder has also been conceptualized as a disorder of energy regulation, involving high levels of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress that might result from elevated dopamine transmission. Elegant translational work in mice and hu mans has shown that sustained elevated do pamine synthesis results in ele vated cy tosolic dopamine, which in turn leads to increased metabolism of dopamine by mon oamine oxidase. In this pro cess, mon oamine oxidase anchors to the outer mito chondrial membrane and transfers ele ctrons generated by dopamine deamination into the mitochondri al intermembrane space, increasing electron transport chain activity and supporting elevated dopamine synthesis and release. Increased metabolic demand can, however, ultimately lead to impaired mitochondrial function and a toxic cascade in which elevated oxidative stressinduced mitochondrial dysfunction results in cytosolic dopamine oxidation, with elevat ed cytosolic dopamine further contributing to mitochondrial oxidative stress. Thus, elevated dopamine transmis sion and asso ciated mitochondrial dysfunction is a putative mechanism underlying the energy regulation dysfunction characterizing mania/ hypo mania in bipolar disorder. These examples provide possible app roaches that can be adopted by future studies aiming to identify biomarkers reflecting core neurobiological mechanisms underlying key features characterizing and predis pos ing to mania/hypomania. An im portant point to note, however, is that these features, especially rewarddriven impulsive decisionmaking and behavior, are associated, at least in part, with other disorders, such as substance use disorders. Thus, th","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"265-267"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168145/pdf/WPS-22-265.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9436365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aiysha Malik, José Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Gergő Baranyi, Corrado Barbui, Graham Thornicroft, Mark van Ommeren, Aemal Akhtar
{"title":"Mental health at work: WHO guidelines.","authors":"Aiysha Malik, José Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Gergő Baranyi, Corrado Barbui, Graham Thornicroft, Mark van Ommeren, Aemal Akhtar","doi":"10.1002/wps.21094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wps.21094","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"331-332"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10138876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Keeping Dr. Google under control: how to prevent and manage cyberchondria.","authors":"Vladan Starcevic","doi":"10.1002/wps.21076","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wps.21076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"233-234"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168140/pdf/WPS-22-233.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals for mental health: why greater prioritization and adequately tracking progress are critical.","authors":"Jody Heymann, Aleta Sprague","doi":"10.1002/wps.21090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"325-326"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168142/pdf/WPS-22-325.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"WPA Scientific Sections 2020-2023: from strengthened backbone to motor of innovation.","authors":"Thomas G Schulze","doi":"10.1002/wps.21105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"345"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168144/pdf/WPS-22-345.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
World Psychiatry 22:2 June 2023 er discovery. As well, standard data collection protocols should be developed for deep clinical phenotyping, cognitive assessments, biological sampling, and electrophysiological and imaging procedures, to enable pooling of data from centers around the world. The AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is an exemplar of such effort. ADNI began in 2004 with substantial publicprivate partnership funding that allowed academ ic centers internationally to standardize data collection and pool data, which led to discovery of biomarkers for AD. Similar initiatives in psychiatry, such as the Establish ing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response for Clinical Care for Depression (EMBARC) project, the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression (CANBIND), the Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) Consortium, and the planned longitudinal cohort study by the recently launched BD Integrated Network, are clearly steps in the right direction. Moreover, industrysponsored phase 2/3 clinical trial programs that ascertain the efficacy of new drugs for psychiatric disorders generate vast amounts of treatment data. These data could be a huge resource for biomarker discovery if the trials implement standardized data collection protocols that include deep clinical phenotyping and biological sampling, and the data are made available for pooling with other networks. Looking to the future, the probability of dis covering diagnostic biomarkers that map precisely to specific DSM5 disorders is very low, given the heterogeneity of the dis orders and the symptom overlap among them. However, the emerging evidence re viewed by AbiDargham et al and the continuing advances in research methods for biomarker discovery offer a ray of hope that susceptibility markers for disease conversion and predictive biomarkers for treatment response will become a future reality in psychiatry.
{"title":"Promising approaches in the search for biomarkers of bipolar disorder.","authors":"Mary L Phillips","doi":"10.1002/wps.21080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21080","url":null,"abstract":"World Psychiatry 22:2 June 2023 er discovery. As well, standard data collection protocols should be developed for deep clinical phenotyping, cognitive assessments, biological sampling, and electrophysiological and imaging procedures, to enable pooling of data from centers around the world. The AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is an exemplar of such effort. ADNI began in 2004 with substantial publicprivate partnership funding that allowed academ ic centers internationally to standardize data collection and pool data, which led to discovery of biomarkers for AD. Similar initiatives in psychiatry, such as the Establish ing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response for Clinical Care for Depression (EMBARC) project, the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression (CANBIND), the Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) Consortium, and the planned longitudinal cohort study by the recently launched BD Integrated Network, are clearly steps in the right direction. Moreover, industrysponsored phase 2/3 clinical trial programs that ascertain the efficacy of new drugs for psychiatric disorders generate vast amounts of treatment data. These data could be a huge resource for biomarker discovery if the trials implement standardized data collection protocols that include deep clinical phenotyping and biological sampling, and the data are made available for pooling with other networks. Looking to the future, the probability of dis covering diagnostic biomarkers that map precisely to specific DSM5 disorders is very low, given the heterogeneity of the dis orders and the symptom overlap among them. However, the emerging evidence re viewed by AbiDargham et al and the continuing advances in research methods for biomarker discovery offer a ray of hope that susceptibility markers for disease conversion and predictive biomarkers for treatment response will become a future reality in psychiatry.","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"264-265"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168172/pdf/WPS-22-264.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9436367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
329 These lessons and this innovative approach to trauma intervention, we believe, is a pathway to a more humane and effective way to help a variety of trauma populations. The posttraumatic growth process is very similar no matter the originating traumas. What is necessary is for expert companions to be an essential part of the response to trauma survivors and to appreciate the opportunities for much more than a recovery. Trauma changes people, but the changes do not need to be diminishment. They are more likely to be growth.
{"title":"Chronotype and mental health: timing seems to matter, but how, why, and for whom?","authors":"Brant P Hasler","doi":"10.1002/wps.21092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21092","url":null,"abstract":"329 These lessons and this innovative approach to trauma intervention, we believe, is a pathway to a more humane and effective way to help a variety of trauma populations. The posttraumatic growth process is very similar no matter the originating traumas. What is necessary is for expert companions to be an essential part of the response to trauma survivors and to appreciate the opportunities for much more than a recovery. Trauma changes people, but the changes do not need to be diminishment. They are more likely to be growth.","PeriodicalId":23858,"journal":{"name":"World Psychiatry","volume":"22 2","pages":"329-330"},"PeriodicalIF":73.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10168154/pdf/WPS-22-329.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10299629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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