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Collagen-Based Grafts and Autologous Dura Replacement in Patients with Dura Abnormalities: A Retrospective Comparative Evaluation 胶原基移植与自体硬脑膜置换术治疗硬脑膜异常:回顾性比较评价
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256069
Zahra Mannan Waheed, S. Firdous, F. Butt, Sana Afzal Khan, Chinonso Ndubuisi, Abrar Hussain
Introduction: Accidental spinal anomalies of the spinal dura mater are the source of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Typically, dura abnormalities are identified in 3 percent of endoscopic lumbar discectomy cases. Objective: The purpose of the current research was to evaluate the results of autologous dura replacement versus collagen-based grafts in individuals with dura deformities. Methods: The Institute of Neurosurgery at Liaquat National Hospital Karachi undertook this randomized evaluation to identify the most effective therapy for dura mater defects. Employing non-probability random selection, 82 cases among both sexes were selected. Participants were divided randomly into two subgroups i.e. Group 1A received an autologous graft for dura restoration, whereas Group 2B received a semi-synthetic dura replacement. A skilled surgeon led a medical team of six people who completed the entire process. Results: The operation duration for semi-synthetic collagen was significantly reduced. There was a 40 minute variation in total time spent by the two groups. Autologous grafts showed ideal tightness and better flexibility and fair workability on the other hand semi-synthetic collagen showed better tightness and workability and ideal flexibility. Postoperative hospital stays were seen to be 26 + 2.5 hours in Group 1A whereas they were 23 + 2.5 hours for Group B. Conclusion: According to the aforementioned findings, an accessible, secure, and efficient substitution for an autologous graft for dura restoration in dura abnormalities is the use of a semi-synthetic collagen substitute. Keywords: semi-synthetic collagen substitute, cerebrospinal fluid, dura abnormalities, autologous graft.
导读:脊髓硬脑膜的意外异常是脑脊液(CSF)泄漏的来源。通常,硬脑膜异常在3%的内镜下腰椎间盘切除术病例中被发现。目的:本研究的目的是评估自体硬脑膜置换与胶原基移植在硬脑膜畸形患者中的效果。方法:卡拉奇Liaquat国立医院神经外科研究所进行了这项随机评估,以确定最有效的治疗硬脑膜缺损的方法。采用非概率随机选择法,在两性中抽取82例。参与者被随机分为两个亚组,即1A组接受自体硬脑膜移植修复,而2B组接受半合成硬脑膜替代。一位熟练的外科医生带领一个六人医疗小组完成了整个过程。结果:半合成胶原的手术时间明显缩短。两组的总时间相差40分钟。自体移植物具有理想的紧密性、较好的柔韧性和良好的可加工性,半合成胶原具有较好的紧密性、可加工性和理想的柔韧性。1A组术后住院时间为26 + 2.5小时,而b组为23 + 2.5小时。结论:根据上述研究结果,半合成胶原替代物可替代自体硬脑膜移植修复硬脑膜异常。关键词:半合成胶原替代物,脑脊液,硬脑膜异常,自体移植。
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引用次数: 1
Relationship between Parenting Styles and Temper Tantrums of Bahraini Children aged 24-48 months old at Primary Care, Kingdom of Bahrain 巴林王国初级保健24-48月龄巴林儿童父母教养方式与脾气暴躁的关系
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256123
Basem Abbas Ahmed Al Ubaidi, Noora Salah Jasim Selaibeekh, Amina Ahmed Busaibea, Amer J. Almarabheh
Background: Temper tantrums are episodic, unmodulated displays of intense emotional distress, often characterized by outbursts of anger, and may involve aggressive or destructive behaviour. These episodes can be effectively managed through the application of evidence-based parenting strategies that are tailored to a child’s individual needs and developmental stage. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between parenting styles and the temper tantrums of children aged 2-4 years old at primary care in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Research Method: For this research a cross-sectional, descriptive study design was employed, and a non-probability convenience sampling method was utilized to recruit a sample of 400 participants, that included 8 health centres located in Bahrain (Muharraq, BBK Hidd, Jidhafs, Sitra, Hamad Kanoo, Yousef Abdulrahman Engineer, Mohammed Jassim Kanoo, and Sh. Jaber Al Ahmed Al Sabah HCs), for a duration of 3 months (May 2022 to July 2022). The analysis technique employed was the chi-square test, a statistical method that is used to examine the association between two categorical variables. Results: The findings of this study demonstrated that more than half of the participating children exhibited temper tantrums that lasted more than 30 minutes and showed that approximately less than one-third (31%) of the children experienced weekly or daily tantrums: however, half of the parents reported that moderate tantrums were exhibited by their youngsters. The most frequently reported tantrum behaviour was “crying”, followed by “screaming” or “shouting”. A child’s request for an item or activity was the most frequent cause, and most tantrums occurred when their parents denied this request. Children threw temper tantrums most frequently in their homes or cars. Parents’ most common strategy for stopping a child’s tantrums was speaking soothingly, with spanking being the least common. The results indicated that permissive parenting styles were associated with a higher frequency of temper tantrums than authoritative parenting styles. Conclusion: The results highlight significant aspects of tantrums, such as the duration, as children managed to maintain a tantrum episode for more than seven minutes on average. Tantrum behaviours, reasons, locations, context, and parents’ strategies to control tantrums were emphasized as significant for developing proper interventions. The findings highlight the importance of parental styles in the development of children and the need for further investigation in this area. Keywords: children aged 2-4 years old, parenting style, temper tantrum.
背景:发脾气是强烈情绪困扰的间歇性、无调节的表现,通常以愤怒爆发为特征,可能涉及攻击性或破坏性行为。这些事件可以通过应用基于证据的育儿策略来有效地管理,这些策略是针对儿童的个人需求和发展阶段量身定制的。目的:本研究旨在确定巴林王国2-4岁初级保健儿童的父母教养方式与发脾气的关系。研究方法:本研究采用横断、描述性研究设计,采用非概率便利抽样方法招募400名参与者,包括位于巴林的8个卫生中心(Muharraq、BBK Hidd、Jidhafs、Sitra、Hamad Kanoo、Yousef Abdulrahman Engineer、Mohammed Jassim Kanoo和Sh. Jaber Al Ahmed Al Sabah hc),为期3个月(2022年5月至2022年7月)。采用的分析技术是卡方检验,这是一种用于检查两个分类变量之间关联的统计方法。结果:本研究的结果表明,超过一半的参与儿童表现出持续30分钟以上的脾气,并且表明大约不到三分之一(31%)的儿童每周或每天都会发脾气;然而,一半的父母报告说他们的孩子表现出适度的脾气。据报道,最常见的发脾气行为是“哭”,其次是“尖叫”或“大喊”。孩子对某件物品或活动的要求是最常见的原因,而大多数发脾气发生在他们的父母拒绝这种要求的时候。孩子们最常在家里或车里发脾气。父母阻止孩子发脾气最常用的策略是安慰孩子,打屁股是最不常见的。结果表明,纵容型父母比权威型父母更容易发脾气。结论:研究结果强调了发脾气的重要方面,比如持续时间,因为孩子们平均能保持7分钟以上的发脾气。发脾气行为、原因、地点、环境和父母控制发脾气的策略被强调为制定适当干预措施的重要因素。这一发现强调了父母教养方式在儿童发展中的重要性,以及在这一领域进行进一步调查的必要性。关键词:2-4岁儿童,父母教养方式,发脾气。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Online Learning on the Psychological State of Medical Students during Covid-19 at a public Saudi University 沙特一所公立大学新冠肺炎疫情期间在线学习对医学生心理状态的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256040
Khalid A. Bin Abdulrahman, Hamad N Alhamlan, Yazeed Mohammed Alqraini, Yousef Ibrahim Alhoshan, Abdulrahman Hassan Shuraym, Faisal Abdulaziz Alkanhal
Background: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a pandemic infectious disease that caused a global health problem. Many countries suffered from this virus including impoverished and developed countries. Several studies have shown that COVID-19 affected the mental state of undergraduate medical students. This study aims to show the impact of online learning on the psychological state of medical students at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) in Riyadh. Methods: Cross-sectional, online survey. A 16- item questionnaire was designed and distributed to all medical students of IMSIU through emails and social media groups. Five-point Likert questions were used, ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Result: Out of 400 who participated in the study, 317 (79%) completed the survey; the majority were male (64.7%). The mental state was worsened in 143 (46.5%) students. At the same time, 77 (25%) felt psychologically improved and 97 (32%) students did not notice any change in their mental health. Conclusion: The results show an effect on the mental state of the medical students during the quarantine measures imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: Online learning, psychological well-being, COVID-19 pandemic, medical students, Saudi Arabia
背景:冠状病毒(COVID-19)是一种引起全球健康问题的大流行传染病。包括贫困国家和发达国家在内的许多国家都遭受这种病毒的侵害。多项研究表明,新冠肺炎影响了医本科生的心理状态。本研究旨在显示在线学习对利雅得伊玛目穆罕默德伊本沙特伊斯兰大学(IMSIU)医学生心理状态的影响。方法:横断面在线调查。设计了一份16项调查问卷,并通过电子邮件和社交媒体群向IMSIU的所有医学生分发。李克特问题分为五点,从非常同意到非常不同意。结果:在参与研究的400人中,317人(79%)完成了调查;男性居多(64.7%)。143名(46.5%)学生的精神状态恶化。与此同时,77名(25%)学生感到心理上有所改善,97名(32%)学生没有注意到他们的心理健康有任何变化。结论:新冠肺炎疫情期间实施隔离措施对医学生心理状态有一定影响。关键词:在线学习,心理健康,新冠疫情,医学生,沙特阿拉伯
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引用次数: 0
Screening the risk of eating disorders among adolescents in primary care centres in Makkah, Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯麦加初级保健中心青少年饮食失调风险筛查
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256020
N. Hariri
Background: Obesity significantly affects daily activities and contributes to countless diseases and comorbidities that can drastically alter an individual’s life. This study aims to measure the awareness of the indications and complications of sleeve gastrectomy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study was cross-sectional, and participants completed an online self-administered questionnaire on sleeve gastrectomy in Riyadh through Google Forms. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel 2013 and statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The total number of respondents assigned is 1,700. Among these individuals, women outnumbered males with a percentage of (67.4%) versus (23.6%). The majority of respondents held a bachelor’s degree (64.0%). The majority of participants are familiar with the complications associated with sleeve gastrectomy (43.9%). However, 33.1% of the participants are unaware of the complications related to sleeve gastrectomy surgery. As a result, the study has a favorable attitude among the target populations, as the majority are well aware of the surgery. Conclusion: According to our findings, the study population is moderately aware of the indications and complications. However, to ensure that our community has a significant level of knowledge about complications, we must raise social awareness about the indications and complications of sleeve gastrectomy. Keywords: Sleeve surgery, obesity, gastrectomy, complications, Saudi Arabia.
背景:肥胖严重影响日常活动,并导致无数疾病和合并症,从而彻底改变个人的生活。本研究旨在了解沙特阿拉伯利雅得居民对袖式胃切除术的适应症和并发症的认识。方法:本研究是横断面的,参与者通过谷歌表格完成了一份关于利雅得袖式胃切除术的在线自我调查问卷。数据录入Microsoft Excel 2013,使用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果:调查对象总人数为1700人。在这些个体中,女性的比例(67.4%)高于男性(23.6%)。大多数受访者拥有学士学位(64.0%)。大多数参与者熟悉袖式胃切除术相关的并发症(43.9%)。然而,33.1%的参与者不知道袖式胃切除术的并发症。因此,该研究在目标人群中获得了良好的态度,因为大多数人对手术都很了解。结论:根据我们的研究结果,研究人群对适应症和并发症有适度的了解。然而,为了确保我们的社会对并发症有相当程度的了解,我们必须提高社会对袖式胃切除术的适应症和并发症的认识。关键词:套筒手术,肥胖,胃切除术,并发症,沙特阿拉伯。
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引用次数: 0
Physical and Emotional Domestic Violence Knowledge among Jazan University Female Students 吉赞大学女大学生对家庭暴力的生理与心理认知
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.952561826
Mona H El Mahdy, Sarah El-Reffaey, S. Mahmoud, A. Abdelmola, A. Alfaifi, Fatimah H Dallak, Anwar jafar Alnass, Roaa Shaikhain, M. O. Gharawi, A. Hozaimi, H. Sahl, Nada Mohammed Makein
Domestic violence against females is one of the most important social problems negatively affecting health psychologically and physically. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of violence against female students at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, and identify their knowledge and response towards emotional and physical domestic violence. Method of study: It is a descriptive cross-sectional, observational type of epidemiologic study conducted on 450 female students at 3 Faculties, female sections, Jazan University, for eight weeks. The data was collected using an Arabic questionnaire containing 35 questions and analyzed by SPSS Program. Results: 25.6% of the female students in the studied sample were exposed to domestic violence at some point. The emotional type is the most prevalent (18.3%), followed by the physical type (16.9%). Arts faculties showed the highest rate of domestic violence (11.3%), followed by health faculties (9.3%), and the science faculties exhibited the lowest rates (4.9%). Most participants (15.78%) believed that male power in Jazan society allows them to emotionally abuse women, while 15.33% thought that physical violence against womenis mainly caused by men’s abuse of drugs and alcohol. 94.5% of the participants believed that violence against women has a negative impact on children and teenagers, and 86.5% supposed that the most significant psychological effects of violence against women are loss of self-confidence, frustration, and depression. Conclusion: Domestic violence against females is prevalent in the Jazan community, with various socio-demographic and economic determinants influencing its occurrence. The most prevalent type is emotional domestic violence. Arts faculties showed the highest rating of domestic violence, then health faculties, and the least, science faculties. Recommendations: Increase community awareness about domestic violence. Religious leaders sustain the greatest responsibility to increase awareness according to the rules of the Islamic religion. Key words: Knowledge, physical and emotional domestic violence, Jazan University female students
针对妇女的家庭暴力是对心理和身体健康产生负面影响的最重要的社会问题之一。本研究旨在估计沙特阿拉伯吉赞大学女学生遭受暴力的普遍程度,并确定她们对情感和身体家庭暴力的认知和反应。研究方法:这是一项描述性横断面观察型流行病学研究,对吉赞大学3个学院女性组的450名女学生进行了为期8周的研究。使用阿拉伯语问卷收集数据,共35个问题,并使用SPSS软件进行分析。结果:研究样本中有25.6%的女学生在某种程度上遭受过家庭暴力。情感型是最普遍的(18.3%),其次是身体型(16.9%)。艺术学院的家庭暴力率最高(11.3%),其次是卫生学院(9.3%),科学学院的家庭暴力率最低(4.9%)。大多数参与者(15.78%)认为吉赞社会的男性权力允许他们在情感上虐待妇女,而15.33%的人认为对妇女的身体暴力主要是由男性滥用药物和酒精造成的。94.5%的与会者认为对妇女的暴力行为对儿童和青少年有负面影响,86.5%的与会者认为对妇女的暴力行为最显著的心理影响是丧失自信、沮丧和抑郁。结论:针对妇女的家庭暴力在Jazan社区很普遍,各种社会人口和经济决定因素影响了这种暴力的发生。最普遍的类型是情感家庭暴力。艺术学院的家庭暴力率最高,其次是卫生学院,科学学院的家庭暴力率最低。建议:提高社区对家庭暴力的认识。根据伊斯兰教的规则,宗教领袖负有最大的责任来提高人们的意识。关键词:知识,身心家庭暴力,吉赞大学女学生
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and characteristics of Nocturnal Enuresis (NE) in affected children aged 5-18 years in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯5-18岁儿童夜间遗尿症(NE)的患病率和特点
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256067
Saleh Mohamed Alrajihi, H. Alshajarah, Reem R Alhijri, Alaa AlQurashi, Abdulaziz A Subyani, A. A. Alqarni, N. Alrashada
Background: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is involuntary urination that happens while you’re asleep after a certain age when you should be able to control your bladder at night. Depending on when the condition first appears, enuresis is divided into primary and secondary categories. Families shouldn’t be concerned about it, but we must be mindful of the effects it may have on the family and the child. This study aims to determine the prevalence and to reveal the characteristics of Nocturnal Enuresis (NE) in affected children aged 5-18 years in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 458 Saudi parents/caregivers, whose children were aged from 5 to 18 years. It was conducted during the period from July 2022 to November 2022. An electronic questionnaire was designed using a Google form distributed among parents/caregivers in Saudi Arabia. Ethical approval was obtained from KFMC. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results: 75% of children suffering from NE were males and 51.9% had an age 10 years with a mean age of 8.78± 3 years. In this study 34% of the children with NE experienced 2-4 bouts of bedwetting, per week. The most common procedure done for management was Behavioral Stimulation Therapy (75.9%) and 55.6% reported improvement of the child after the intervention. Male children, and those with an age <10 years had a significantly higher percentage of daily NE (p=<0.05). Children who were circumcised and those who drink a lot of water or any other beverage had a significantly higher percentage of having daily NE (p=<0.05). At the same time, children who had UTI had a significantly higher percentage of having daily NE (p=<0.05). Conclusion: NE occurs among children in various Saudi Arabian regions. Male gender, aged 5 to 10 and suffering from weakness of bladder muscles, chronic constipation, worry and depression was associated with NE and UTI. Families and caregivers utilize effective therapies such as alarm and behavioral stimulation, however, they do not look for medical assistance. Keywords: Nocturnal Enuresis, Children, Characters, Prevalence
背景:夜间遗尿症(NE)是一种不自主的排尿,发生在你在睡觉时,当你到了一定的年龄,你应该能够控制你的膀胱在晚上。根据病情首次出现的时间,遗尿可分为原发性和继发性。家庭不应该担心它,但我们必须注意它可能对家庭和孩子产生的影响。本研究旨在确定沙特阿拉伯5-18岁儿童夜间遗尿症(NE)的患病率并揭示其特征。材料和方法:对458名沙特父母/照顾者进行了横断面描述性研究,他们的孩子年龄在5至18岁之间。该调查于2022年7月至2022年11月进行。使用谷歌表格设计了一份电子问卷,在沙特阿拉伯的父母/照顾者中分发。获得了KFMC的伦理批准。数据分析使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)版本26。结果:新生儿NE患儿中男性占75%,年龄10岁占51.9%,平均年龄8.78±3岁。在这项研究中,34%的NE患儿每周有2-4次尿床。最常见的管理程序是行为刺激疗法(75.9%),55.6%的儿童在干预后报告有所改善。男孩和年龄<10岁的儿童每日NE的百分比显著高于男孩(p=<0.05)。接受过包皮环切术的儿童和饮用大量水或任何其他饮料的儿童每日NE的百分比明显更高(p=<0.05)。与此同时,患有UTI的儿童每日NE的百分比显着更高(p=<0.05)。结论:NE发生在沙特阿拉伯不同地区的儿童中。男性,年龄在5 - 10岁之间,患有膀胱肌肉无力、慢性便秘、焦虑和抑郁与NE和UTI有关。家庭和照顾者利用警报和行为刺激等有效疗法,然而,他们不寻求医疗援助。关键词:夜遗尿症;儿童;特点
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引用次数: 0
Role of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues in weight management 胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物在体重管理中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256110
Bilal Hasan Chaudhry, L. AlMarsomi
Obesity is a growing concern in all parts of the world. It carries major health concerns which are in turn translated into financial costs. Alongside patient education and guidance, both surgical and pharmacological methods are being employed to control weight. A major breakthrough in this regard has been introduction of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues (GLP-1), which have now been approved for use in weight management(1). Key words: weight management, glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues,
肥胖在世界各地日益受到关注。它带来了重大的健康问题,进而转化为财务成本。除了对患者进行教育和指导外,还采用了手术和药物方法来控制体重。这方面的一个重大突破是胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物(GLP-1)的引入,现已被批准用于体重管理(1)。关键词:体重管理;胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物;
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引用次数: 0
Cockroach Allergy: Is It Common in Jeddah City? A retrospective study 蟑螂过敏:在吉达市常见吗?回顾性研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256028
M. M. S. Tayeb
Background: Cockroaches are a common indoor cause of allergic diseases. However, cockroaches are underestimated as a trigger. Objective: To find which allergic diseases are associated with cockroach sensitization in Jeddah city. Methods: This is a retrospective paper completed in 2021. The sample group of this paper involved 192 allergic patients with high levels of specific allergy testing (sIgE) to cockroaches. The data for this paper is from a private centre specialising in allergies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The in vitro tests used were indirect immunoassay tests for the most common indoor allergens. Clinical diagnosis of allergic diseases were also collected. Results were collected via special sheets and tables were extracted. Results: The sample group for this paper was 192 allergic patients. Patients of middle ages are the most likely to experience sensitisation to cockroaches as follow: 56 between 30-40 years (29.1%) and 36 between 40-50 years (18.8%). The commonest indoor allergens associated with cockroach sensitisation are mites, cats and mould: dermatophagoides pteronyssinus as 109 (56.8%), dermatophagoides farinae as 114 (59.4%), cat as 89 (46.4%) and alternaria as 86 (44.8%). The commonest allergic diseases associated with cockroach sensitisation are allergic rhinosinusitis as 74 (38%), atopic dermatitis as 52 (27%) and asthma as 42 (21.8%). Cockroach sensitisation is mostly of mild severity (under class 2); however, this must be linked to clinical allergic symptoms. Conclusion: Cockroach sensitisation is most common in the middle aged population(30-50 years). Cockroach sensitisation is commonly associated with other indoor allergens sensitisation (respectively: mites, cats, and alternaria). The commonest allergic diseases associated with cockroach sensitisation are allergic rhinosinusitis, atopic dermatitis, and asthma. Cockroach sensitisation is of mild severity in most of cases (under class 2); however, this must be correlated to a clinical allergic diagnosis. Keywords: allergic diseases, asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, atopy, cockroach sensitization, cockroach allergy
背景:蟑螂是引起过敏性疾病的常见室内病原体。然而,蟑螂的触发作用被低估了。目的:了解吉达市蟑螂致敏与哪些变应性疾病相关。方法:这是一篇于2021年完成的回顾性论文。本文的样本组包括192例对蟑螂进行高水平特异性过敏测试(sIgE)的过敏患者。本文的数据来自沙特阿拉伯吉达一家专门研究过敏的私人中心。使用的体外试验是针对最常见的室内过敏原的间接免疫测定试验。同时收集变态反应性疾病的临床诊断。通过专用表格收集结果,并提取表格。结果:本文的样本组为192例过敏患者。中年患者最有可能对蟑螂过敏,年龄在30-40岁之间的有56人(29.1%),40-50岁之间的有36人(18.8%)。与蟑螂致敏相关的最常见室内变应原是螨虫、猫和霉菌,其中翅状螨109种(56.8%),粉状螨114种(59.4%),猫89种(46.4%),互染螨86种(44.8%)。与蟑螂致敏相关的最常见过敏性疾病是过敏性鼻窦炎74例(38%)、特应性皮炎52例(27%)和哮喘42例(21.8%)。蟑螂致敏大多为轻度(2级以下);然而,这必须与临床过敏症状有关。结论:蜚蠊致敏以中年人群(30 ~ 50岁)最为常见。蟑螂致敏通常与其他室内过敏原致敏有关(分别是:螨虫、猫和交替虫)。与蟑螂致敏相关的最常见的过敏性疾病是过敏性鼻窦炎、特应性皮炎和哮喘。大多数情况下,蟑螂致敏程度较轻(2级以下);然而,这必须与临床过敏诊断相关。关键词:过敏性疾病,哮喘,变应性鼻炎,特应性皮炎,特应性,蟑螂致敏,蟑螂过敏
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引用次数: 0
Dermatologic Manifestations in Vitamin B12 Deficiency: A Review 维生素B12缺乏的皮肤病学表现:综述
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256204
Aktharuz Zaman, Muhammad Ali Qureshi
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin primarily obtained from animal-based foods. It is crucial for hematopoietic cell formation, with methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin being its active forms. The metabolic process involves stomach release, binding to proteins, and absorption in the ileum with intrinsic factor. The liver stores B12, but deficiency can occur due to dietary, absorption, transportation, or metabolic issues. Causes of low B12 levels include dietary choices, gastrointestinal diseases, and medications likemetformin. Dermatological changes associated with deficiency, such as hyperpigmentation, can occur, possibly due to decreased glutathione and increased melanin production. Vitamin B12 deficiency has a wide range of symptoms, from asymptomatic to severe neurological impairments, but its dermatologic effects have been under-represented in literature.” Keywords: Vitamin B12 deficiency, dermatologic manifestations
维生素B12,也被称为钴胺素,是一种水溶性维生素,主要从动物性食物中获得。它对造血细胞的形成至关重要,甲基钴胺素和腺苷钴胺素是它的活性形式。代谢过程包括胃释放、与蛋白质结合、回肠内因子吸收。肝脏储存B12,但由于饮食、吸收、运输或代谢问题,B12可能会缺乏。B12水平低的原因包括饮食选择、胃肠道疾病和二甲双胍等药物。可能由于谷胱甘肽的减少和黑色素生成的增加,可发生与缺乏相关的皮肤病变,如色素沉着过度。维生素B12缺乏的症状范围很广,从无症状到严重的神经损伤,但其对皮肤的影响在文献中没有得到充分的体现。”关键词:维生素B12缺乏症;皮肤症状
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and ultrasound features of polycystic ovaries in young females examined by pelvic ultrasound in primary health care in Qatar. Electronic Medical record-based study 卡塔尔初级卫生保健中盆腔超声检查的年轻女性多囊卵巢患病率和超声特征。基于电子病历的研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256106
Tamer F. Ali, Abdelwahed Abougazia
Background and study aim: PCOS is a common recognized, heterogeneous disorder affecting women throughout their lifetime and it shows an excess production of androgens hor¬mone, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic changes of the ovaries which can be seen by ultrasonography. Ultrasound is the first imaging modality widely used in pelvic imaging. It is a non-invasive, rapid, painless, and safe imaging technique with no radiation. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence and ultrasound features of PCOS among young females. Patients and Methods: A Multi-center retrospective descriptive electronic record-based study for all subjects with a valid ultrasound of the ovaries done in PHCC health centers from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021. The available pelvic ultrasound images were assessed for presence of PCOS sonographic criteria. Prevalence of PCO was calculated. The sonographic features of PCO were described. Results: The current study showed prevalence of PCO among young female with age ranging from 15 to 35 years, to be 6.85% with the majority of cases being bilateral. While unilateral cases were more in the right ovary. Cases with PCO peripheral follicular arrangement were found to be the highest described sonographic finding in PCO cases. Conclusion: Ultrasound plays a major role in PCO diagnosis. The assessment of the ovaries has been greatly improved by sonographic diagnostic criteria of PCO. In addition to demonstration of ovarian size, ultrasonography can evaluate the characteristic patterns of follicles distribution and ovarian stromal changes. Key Words: Prevalence, PCO, US, Pelvis, Qatar.
背景与研究目的:多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是一种常见的、影响女性终生的异质性疾病,其表现为雄激素分泌过多、排卵功能障碍和卵巢多囊性改变,超声检查可见。超声是第一种广泛应用于盆腔成像的成像方式。它是一种无创、快速、无痛、安全、无辐射的成像技术。本研究的目的是估计多囊卵巢综合征的患病率和超声特征的年轻女性。患者和方法:对2021年1月1日至2021年12月31日在PHCC健康中心进行有效卵巢超声检查的所有受试者进行多中心回顾性描述性电子记录研究。评估可用的盆腔超声图像是否存在PCOS超声标准。计算PCO的患病率。描述了PCO的声像图特征。结果:本研究显示PCO在15 ~ 35岁的年轻女性中患病率为6.85%,以双侧病例为主。单侧多见于右侧卵巢。外周卵泡排列是PCO病例中最高的超声表现。结论:超声在PCO诊断中起重要作用。卵巢的超声诊断标准大大提高了对卵巢的评估。除了显示卵巢大小外,超声检查还可以评估卵泡分布和卵巢间质变化的特征。关键词:患病率,PCO,美国,骨盆,卡塔尔。
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引用次数: 0
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World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine
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