The 47th Congress of the Spanish Association of Cuniculture (ASESCU) was held in León (Castile and Leon, Spain) on the 31st of May and 1st of June. The event was organised by ASESCU and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of León. Four main lectures were delivered. The first two of these lectures delved into the past, present and future perspectives of cuniculture in Castile and Leon. The third talk focused on the use of state-of-theart technologies in animal production for precision livestock farming. Lastly, the fourth lecture provided an overview of the current status of Staphylococcus aureus studies and introduced novel tools for its control. Moreover, two round tables were conducted to examine the current state of sustainability in rabbitries, as well as the effects of implementation of the new antimicrobial laws. Throughout the congress, a total of 21 oral communications and two posters were presented in working sessions on genetics, sustainability, nutrition, reproduction, pathology, welfare and products. The event was attended by approximately 160 participants from different European and American countries. The abstracts of contributions are reported below.
{"title":"Abstracts of the 47th Symposium on Cuniculture, ASESCU","authors":"Abstracts, Conferences, Congresses, Symposiums...","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.19923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.19923","url":null,"abstract":"The 47th Congress of the Spanish Association of Cuniculture (ASESCU) was held in León (Castile and Leon, Spain) on the 31st of May and 1st of June. The event was organised by ASESCU and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of León. Four main lectures were delivered. The first two of these lectures delved into the past, present and future perspectives of cuniculture in Castile and Leon. The third talk focused on the use of state-of-theart technologies in animal production for precision livestock farming. Lastly, the fourth lecture provided an overview of the current status of Staphylococcus aureus studies and introduced novel tools for its control. Moreover, two round tables were conducted to examine the current state of sustainability in rabbitries, as well as the effects of implementation of the new antimicrobial laws. Throughout the congress, a total of 21 oral communications and two posters were presented in working sessions on genetics, sustainability, nutrition, reproduction, pathology, welfare and products. The event was attended by approximately 160 participants from different European and American countries. The abstracts of contributions are reported below.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135387408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feed efficiency is a major production trait in animal genetic breeding schemes. To further investigate the genetic control of feed efficiency in rabbits, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for growth and feed efficiency on 679 rabbits genotyped with the Affimetrix Axiom Rabbit 200K Genotyping Array. After quality control, 127 847 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were retained for association analyses. The GWAS were performed using GEMMA software, applying a mixed univariate animal model with a linear regression on each SNP allele. The traits analysed were weight at weaning and at 63 days of age, average daily gain, total individual feed intake, feed conversion ratio and residual feed intake. No significant SNP was found for growth traits or feed intake. Fifteen genome-wide significant SNPs were detected for feed conversion ratio on OCU7, spanning from 124.8 Mbp to 126.3 Mbp, plus two isolated SNP on OCU2 (77.3 Mbp) and OCU8 (16.5 Mbp). For residual feed intake, a region on OCU18 (46.1-53.0 Mbp) was detected, which contained a putative functional candidate gene, GOT1.
{"title":"Genome wide association study of growth and feed efficiency traits in rabbits","authors":"Hervé Garreau, Yann Labrune, Hervé Chapuis, Julien Ruesche, Juliette Riquet, Julie Demars, Florence Benitez, François Richard, Hélène Gilbert, Laurence Drouilhet, Olivier Zemb","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.18215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.18215","url":null,"abstract":"Feed efficiency is a major production trait in animal genetic breeding schemes. To further investigate the genetic control of feed efficiency in rabbits, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for growth and feed efficiency on 679 rabbits genotyped with the Affimetrix Axiom Rabbit 200K Genotyping Array. After quality control, 127 847 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were retained for association analyses. The GWAS were performed using GEMMA software, applying a mixed univariate animal model with a linear regression on each SNP allele. The traits analysed were weight at weaning and at 63 days of age, average daily gain, total individual feed intake, feed conversion ratio and residual feed intake. No significant SNP was found for growth traits or feed intake. Fifteen genome-wide significant SNPs were detected for feed conversion ratio on OCU7, spanning from 124.8 Mbp to 126.3 Mbp, plus two isolated SNP on OCU2 (77.3 Mbp) and OCU8 (16.5 Mbp). For residual feed intake, a region on OCU18 (46.1-53.0 Mbp) was detected, which contained a putative functional candidate gene, GOT1.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135343127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiamin Zhang, Zhou-lin Wu, Wei Wang, Bo Hou, Ting Bai, Yu Wen, Lili Ji, Rui Zhang
Starter cultures can help improve the quality and safety of traditional fermented meat products. This work was conducted to evaluate the effects of the inoculum of Staphylococcus xylosus on the quality characteristics of a Sichuan cured rabbit product (Chan Si Tu). Physicochemical analyses showed that meats inoculated with S. xylosus had a significant increase in lightness, redness, cohesiveness and chewiness (P<0.05). In addition, a lower content of nitrite, diethylnitrosamine and histamine, was observed in the inoculated samples (P<0.05). The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value in the S. xylosus incubation group was 0.108±0.004 mg/kg, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01). Interestingly, a lower TBARS value was observed in the incubation samples through storage. Furthermore, solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) analysis identified a total of 73 volatiles, and the species and abundance of theses volatile compounds were higher in the samples with added S. xylosus, and 12 with odour activity value>1 were proposed as the most odouractive compounds that enhanced the complexity of the product. Thus, inoculation with S. xylosus in the cured rabbit meat product (Chan Si Tu) can effectively enhance the product quality.
{"title":"Improvement of the quality of cured rabbit meat product (Chan Si Tu) using Staphylococcus xylosus as starter culture","authors":"Jiamin Zhang, Zhou-lin Wu, Wei Wang, Bo Hou, Ting Bai, Yu Wen, Lili Ji, Rui Zhang","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.19015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.19015","url":null,"abstract":"Starter cultures can help improve the quality and safety of traditional fermented meat products. This work was conducted to evaluate the effects of the inoculum of Staphylococcus xylosus on the quality characteristics of a Sichuan cured rabbit product (Chan Si Tu). Physicochemical analyses showed that meats inoculated with S. xylosus had a significant increase in lightness, redness, cohesiveness and chewiness (P<0.05). In addition, a lower content of nitrite, diethylnitrosamine and histamine, was observed in the inoculated samples (P<0.05). The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value in the S. xylosus incubation group was 0.108±0.004 mg/kg, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01). Interestingly, a lower TBARS value was observed in the incubation samples through storage. Furthermore, solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) analysis identified a total of 73 volatiles, and the species and abundance of theses volatile compounds were higher in the samples with added S. xylosus, and 12 with odour activity value>1 were proposed as the most odouractive compounds that enhanced the complexity of the product. Thus, inoculation with S. xylosus in the cured rabbit meat product (Chan Si Tu) can effectively enhance the product quality.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135387280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
European rabbit is, among mammals, one of the most widespread species almost worldwide, introduced on over 800 islands. In microinsular habitats, the introduction of alien species represents a major threat to biodiversity, and the European rabbit is included in the IUCN published list of the 100 worst invasive species. In 2008, an eradication plan was launched on “Isola delle Femmine”, a small and uninhabited island of about 14.5 ha, located in the Mediterranean basin and established as a nature reserve in 1997 to protect its flora and vegetation. The present work was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a non-cruelty intervention through the trapping and translocation of live animals, avoiding the use of poisons or hunting in a sensitive microinsular habitat. The European rabbit eradication plan began in December 2007 and ended in 2016, with the complete eradication of the species achieved in 2012. During the 5 yr in which trapping took place on the island, a total of 799 rabbits were trapped and translocated. A significant positive correlation (r=0.986; P=0.014) was observed between the number of catches made during the year and the estimated rabbit density in July (considered the highest of the year). The method used showed considerable efficacy for the management of rabbit populations in microinsular environments, highlighting the possibility of intervention with these methods when control using poison or direct culling is impractical or inadvisable.
欧洲兔是哺乳动物中分布最广的物种之一，几乎遍布全球，在800多个岛屿上被引入。在微岛屿栖息地，外来物种的引入对生物多样性构成了重大威胁，欧洲兔被列入世界自然保护联盟公布的100种最严重的入侵物种名单。2008年，一项根除计划在“Isola delle Femmine”上启动。该岛位于地中海盆地，面积约14.5公顷，是一个无人居住的小岛，1997年被建立为自然保护区，以保护其植物和植被。本研究旨在通过诱捕和转移活体动物，避免在敏感的微岛屿栖息地使用毒药或狩猎，评估非残忍干预的有效性。欧洲兔子根除计划始于2007年12月，于2016年结束，并于2012年完全消灭了该物种。在岛上进行诱捕的5年中，共捕获和转移了799只兔子。显著正相关(r=0.986;7月份(被认为是一年中最高的月份)的估计兔子密度与全年捕获数量之间的P=0.014)。所使用的方法对微岛环境中兔子种群的管理显示出相当大的功效，强调了当使用毒药或直接扑杀控制不切实际或不可取时，用这些方法进行干预的可能性。
{"title":"Non-cruelty eradication of european rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from a small mediterranean island (Isola delle Femmine, Italy)","authors":"Francesco Lillo, Vincenzo Di Dio, Mario Lo Valvo","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.18506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.18506","url":null,"abstract":"European rabbit is, among mammals, one of the most widespread species almost worldwide, introduced on over 800 islands. In microinsular habitats, the introduction of alien species represents a major threat to biodiversity, and the European rabbit is included in the IUCN published list of the 100 worst invasive species. In 2008, an eradication plan was launched on “Isola delle Femmine”, a small and uninhabited island of about 14.5 ha, located in the Mediterranean basin and established as a nature reserve in 1997 to protect its flora and vegetation. The present work was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a non-cruelty intervention through the trapping and translocation of live animals, avoiding the use of poisons or hunting in a sensitive microinsular habitat. The European rabbit eradication plan began in December 2007 and ended in 2016, with the complete eradication of the species achieved in 2012. During the 5 yr in which trapping took place on the island, a total of 799 rabbits were trapped and translocated. A significant positive correlation (r=0.986; P=0.014) was observed between the number of catches made during the year and the estimated rabbit density in July (considered the highest of the year). The method used showed considerable efficacy for the management of rabbit populations in microinsular environments, highlighting the possibility of intervention with these methods when control using poison or direct culling is impractical or inadvisable.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135387404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Laghouati, R. Belabbas, S. Mattioli, A. Dal Bosco, A. Benberkane, Elisabetta Bravi, V. Sileoni, O. Marconi, C. Castellini
In the present study, we evaluated the effect of various concentrations of date palm pollen (DPP) aqueous extract on rabbit sperm during storage at 4°C for 48 h. Semen was collected from old and young rabbit bucks using an artificial vagina and initially evaluated for sperm quality. The sperm were diluted in Tris buffer supplemented with (20, 40, 80 mg/mL) of DPP aqueous extract. The extended samples were stored at 4°C for 48 h. Sperm motility and motion kinetics were assessed after 2, 4, 24 and 48 h of storage. At each time, an aliquot was frozen for the analytical evaluation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (lipid peroxidation) and tocols (vitamin E). Proximate composition, antioxidant and sugar content were evaluated in DPP. The results showed that DPP was characterised by a high proportion of protein (27.10%) and ash (18.43%), whereas the lipid fraction was very low (0.51%) and total sugar was also high (16.25 g/100 g of fresh matter, f.m.). Regarding the antioxidants content, the sum of tocols showed a total value of 26.48 mg/g f.m. The total polyphenols content was 5.01 mg gallic acid equivalents/g f.m, and polyunsaturated fatty acids was around 30%. Date palm pollen extract had a dose-dependent effect on sperm parameters (curvilinear velocity [VCL] mainly) of old rabbit, although a null or negative effect was recorded at doses >DPP40. Conversely, in optimal conditions (i.e. young rabbit semen), the addition of pollen had no effect on sperm traits (motility and VCL). The progressive increase in DPP, despite providing sperm with an additional amount of tocols, also caused higher tocol consumption and an increase in lipid oxidation. In particular, DPP80 increased the TBARS level in sperm of both rabbit ages. The better trend was found in DPP20, where the tocol consumption figures were 10.46 % and 15.28 %, respectively, in old and young bucks, and the lipid oxidation was lower compared to the higher doses of DPP. In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrated that supplementation of DPP extract to Tris buffer extender enhanced chilled rabbit semen traits only if administered in old rabbit semen at concentration lower than 40 mg/mL.
{"title":"Effect of an extender enriched with algerian date palm pollen on chilled semen characteristics of rabbit bucks at different ages","authors":"A. Laghouati, R. Belabbas, S. Mattioli, A. Dal Bosco, A. Benberkane, Elisabetta Bravi, V. Sileoni, O. Marconi, C. Castellini","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.18703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.18703","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we evaluated the effect of various concentrations of date palm pollen (DPP) aqueous extract on rabbit sperm during storage at 4°C for 48 h. Semen was collected from old and young rabbit bucks using an artificial vagina and initially evaluated for sperm quality. The sperm were diluted in Tris buffer supplemented with (20, 40, 80 mg/mL) of DPP aqueous extract. The extended samples were stored at 4°C for 48 h. Sperm motility and motion kinetics were assessed after 2, 4, 24 and 48 h of storage. At each time, an aliquot was frozen for the analytical evaluation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (lipid peroxidation) and tocols (vitamin E). Proximate composition, antioxidant and sugar content were evaluated in DPP. The results showed that DPP was characterised by a high proportion of protein (27.10%) and ash (18.43%), whereas the lipid fraction was very low (0.51%) and total sugar was also high (16.25 g/100 g of fresh matter, f.m.). Regarding the antioxidants content, the sum of tocols showed a total value of 26.48 mg/g f.m. The total polyphenols content was 5.01 mg gallic acid equivalents/g f.m, and polyunsaturated fatty acids was around 30%. Date palm pollen extract had a dose-dependent effect on sperm parameters (curvilinear velocity [VCL] mainly) of old rabbit, although a null or negative effect was recorded at doses >DPP40. Conversely, in optimal conditions (i.e. young rabbit semen), the addition of pollen had no effect on sperm traits (motility and VCL). The progressive increase in DPP, despite providing sperm with an additional amount of tocols, also caused higher tocol consumption and an increase in lipid oxidation. In particular, DPP80 increased the TBARS level in sperm of both rabbit ages. The better trend was found in DPP20, where the tocol consumption figures were 10.46 % and 15.28 %, respectively, in old and young bucks, and the lipid oxidation was lower compared to the higher doses of DPP. In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrated that supplementation of DPP extract to Tris buffer extender enhanced chilled rabbit semen traits only if administered in old rabbit semen at concentration lower than 40 mg/mL.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45866999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Rebollar, M. Arias-Álvarez, P. Lorenzo, R. García-García
The sexual receptivity and ovulation induction of the reproductive rabbit are key points determining their success in productive life. Adequate synchronisation of the sexual receptivity methods of inseminated rabbit does unquestionably favours fertility and prolificacy outcomes. This review aims to bring together the different methods applied in synchronising primiparous rabbits and the consequences at metabolic, endocrine and ovarian levels, as well as in the embryonic, foetal and post-natal development that our research group has studied over the years. Likewise, the latest advances regarding ovulation induction in the rabbit are described, as well as the search for alternatives to the intramuscular injection of synthetic analogues of gonadotropins and seminal plasma components that could be involved in this process. Different experiments performed with a physiological basis confirm that nerve stimulation during artificial insemination or coitus is especially important in the ovulation induction reflex in rabbit females.
{"title":"Managing sexual receptivity and ovulation induction in rabbit does: evidence from recent research","authors":"P. Rebollar, M. Arias-Álvarez, P. Lorenzo, R. García-García","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.18762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.18762","url":null,"abstract":"The sexual receptivity and ovulation induction of the reproductive rabbit are key points determining their success in productive life. Adequate synchronisation of the sexual receptivity methods of inseminated rabbit does unquestionably favours fertility and prolificacy outcomes. This review aims to bring together the different methods applied in synchronising primiparous rabbits and the consequences at metabolic, endocrine and ovarian levels, as well as in the embryonic, foetal and post-natal development that our research group has studied over the years. Likewise, the latest advances regarding ovulation induction in the rabbit are described, as well as the search for alternatives to the intramuscular injection of synthetic analogues of gonadotropins and seminal plasma components that could be involved in this process. Different experiments performed with a physiological basis confirm that nerve stimulation during artificial insemination or coitus is especially important in the ovulation induction reflex in rabbit females.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41470755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Ángel Quintela Arias, Juan J. Becerra González, Ana Isabel Peña Martínez, Uxía Yáñez Ramíl, Paula R. Rodríguez Villamayor, P. Sánchez-Quinteiro, Paulino Martínez Portela, Pedro García Herradón
The commercial use of artificial insemination (AI) in rabbit farming is relatively recent, especially when compared to other species such as cattle or swine, in which AI has been used for more than 60 years. The large-scale use of AI in rabbit farming dates back to the late 80s. However, despite its short journey, it has not stopped evolving. Although there have been numerous changes, in this review article we aim to highlight two important milestones in optimisation of this technique: the introduction of biostimulation and the addition of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues to the seminal dose to induce ovulation. In the former case, by means of different methods of biostimulation, such as feed and light flushing and/or separation of the litter in the days prior to AI, the use of hormones to synchronise heat with the moment of AI was practically eliminated. Nowadays, the possibility of using pheromones with the same objective is under research, even to increase ovulation rate or improve semen production. Although there are pheromones on the market labelled for use in other species, in the case of rabbit the knowledge of them is limited. Nevertheless, given the verified effects that pheromones produce in other animals, expectations are high. In the latter case, after several attempts by using other methods, the technique commonly used to induce ovulation was the intramuscular administration of GnRH or its synthetic analogues. However, in recent years, it has been proven that administration of GnRH through the vagina is possible, added to the seminal dose, which offers numerous advantages regarding health, animal welfare and the workforce needed. Recently, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved this practice, so in the near future it will probably become the most widely used method. Even so, there is still room for improvement, as the dosage of GnRH needed is higher than the one administered intramuscularly. Research on this topic allows us to predict that this problem should be solved in the coming years. Other alternatives such as the β-Nerve Growth Factor need further research to become a feasible option.
{"title":"Three decades of progress in artificial insemination in rabbit farming: a review","authors":"Luis Ángel Quintela Arias, Juan J. Becerra González, Ana Isabel Peña Martínez, Uxía Yáñez Ramíl, Paula R. Rodríguez Villamayor, P. Sánchez-Quinteiro, Paulino Martínez Portela, Pedro García Herradón","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.18661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.18661","url":null,"abstract":"The commercial use of artificial insemination (AI) in rabbit farming is relatively recent, especially when compared to other species such as cattle or swine, in which AI has been used for more than 60 years. The large-scale use of AI in rabbit farming dates back to the late 80s. However, despite its short journey, it has not stopped evolving. Although there have been numerous changes, in this review article we aim to highlight two important milestones in optimisation of this technique: the introduction of biostimulation and the addition of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues to the seminal dose to induce ovulation. In the former case, by means of different methods of biostimulation, such as feed and light flushing and/or separation of the litter in the days prior to AI, the use of hormones to synchronise heat with the moment of AI was practically eliminated. Nowadays, the possibility of using pheromones with the same objective is under research, even to increase ovulation rate or improve semen production. Although there are pheromones on the market labelled for use in other species, in the case of rabbit the knowledge of them is limited. Nevertheless, given the verified effects that pheromones produce in other animals, expectations are high. In the latter case, after several attempts by using other methods, the technique commonly used to induce ovulation was the intramuscular administration of GnRH or its synthetic analogues. However, in recent years, it has been proven that administration of GnRH through the vagina is possible, added to the seminal dose, which offers numerous advantages regarding health, animal welfare and the workforce needed. Recently, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved this practice, so in the near future it will probably become the most widely used method. Even so, there is still room for improvement, as the dosage of GnRH needed is higher than the one administered intramuscularly. Research on this topic allows us to predict that this problem should be solved in the coming years. Other alternatives such as the β-Nerve Growth Factor need further research to become a feasible option.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42342974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Belabbas, I. Ilès, M. Argente, Rym Ezzeoug, Hacina Ainbaziz, M. García
In rabbits, ovulation rate is, together with prenatal survival, one of the main limiting factors for litter size. Both components are affected by several factors related to females and their environment. Thus, understanding these components and their factors of variation is key in designing diets, optimisation of reproductive performance and genetic selection. In this review, authors summarise the main components of litter size and their environmental factors of variation. Genetic factors and the main results of genetic selection programmes on components of litter size are also summarised. In this regard, a negative effect of dietary restriction and reduced day light hours is found, as well as a positive effect of body condition, parity order and age of female on ovulation rate. However, an increase in deterioration of oocyte quality has been reported as ovulation rate increases, leading to decreased embryonic and foetal survival. Dietary restriction and heat stress also have a negative effect on embryonic and foetal survival, increasing the failures during gestation while good vascularisation and enough available space in uterine horn are keys to embryonic and foetal survival. Ovulation rate was proposed as indirect selection criterion to improve litter size due to higher heritability. However, this selection was relevant, but it did not modify litter size because of an increase in prenatal mortality. Uterine capacity has been directly related to prenatal survival, although its selection has also been unsuccessful in increasing litter size.
{"title":"Environmental and genetic factors affecting litter size components in rabbits","authors":"R. Belabbas, I. Ilès, M. Argente, Rym Ezzeoug, Hacina Ainbaziz, M. García","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.18680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.18680","url":null,"abstract":"In rabbits, ovulation rate is, together with prenatal survival, one of the main limiting factors for litter size. Both components are affected by several factors related to females and their environment. Thus, understanding these components and their factors of variation is key in designing diets, optimisation of reproductive performance and genetic selection. In this review, authors summarise the main components of litter size and their environmental factors of variation. Genetic factors and the main results of genetic selection programmes on components of litter size are also summarised. In this regard, a negative effect of dietary restriction and reduced day light hours is found, as well as a positive effect of body condition, parity order and age of female on ovulation rate. However, an increase in deterioration of oocyte quality has been reported as ovulation rate increases, leading to decreased embryonic and foetal survival. Dietary restriction and heat stress also have a negative effect on embryonic and foetal survival, increasing the failures during gestation while good vascularisation and enough available space in uterine horn are keys to embryonic and foetal survival. Ovulation rate was proposed as indirect selection criterion to improve litter size due to higher heritability. However, this selection was relevant, but it did not modify litter size because of an increase in prenatal mortality. Uterine capacity has been directly related to prenatal survival, although its selection has also been unsuccessful in increasing litter size.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47621406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Vicente, M. P. Viudes-de-Castro, F. Marco-Jiménez
The development of reproductive technologies in this species is contributing decisively to the development of rabbit farming and the preservation of genetic resources. Obtaining embryos is an essential step to both genetic diffusion and the preservation of genetic resources from genetic erosion or natural disasters. In rabbits, it is common for embryos to be recovered post-mortem after ovarian hyperstimulation with gonadotrophins, although the quality and number of embryos are variable, affecting the embryo viability and offspring rate by the donor. In vivo embryo production within a conservation programme aims not only to obtain a large number of embryos, but also that they come from a greater number of male and female origins, in order to ensure an adequate representation of the original population. This is why both the quality and quantity of embryos obtained per donor rabbit and the rate of donors with offspring after embryo cryopreservation must be considered, as well as the response of the embryos to the chemical, physical and physiological stress to which they are subjected in the rederivation process and its postnatal repercussions on those that survive. Rederived rabbits from cryopreserved and transferred embryos showed phenotypic growth changes, which calls into question the neutrality of the technique and its usefulness in those cases in which a control population is required.
{"title":"In vivo rabbit embryo production and cryopreservation review. Application to ex situ conservation and rederivation","authors":"J. Vicente, M. P. Viudes-de-Castro, F. Marco-Jiménez","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.18412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.18412","url":null,"abstract":"The development of reproductive technologies in this species is contributing decisively to the development of rabbit farming and the preservation of genetic resources. Obtaining embryos is an essential step to both genetic diffusion and the preservation of genetic resources from genetic erosion or natural disasters. In rabbits, it is common for embryos to be recovered post-mortem after ovarian hyperstimulation with gonadotrophins, although the quality and number of embryos are variable, affecting the embryo viability and offspring rate by the donor. In vivo embryo production within a conservation programme aims not only to obtain a large number of embryos, but also that they come from a greater number of male and female origins, in order to ensure an adequate representation of the original population. This is why both the quality and quantity of embryos obtained per donor rabbit and the rate of donors with offspring after embryo cryopreservation must be considered, as well as the response of the embryos to the chemical, physical and physiological stress to which they are subjected in the rederivation process and its postnatal repercussions on those that survive. Rederived rabbits from cryopreserved and transferred embryos showed phenotypic growth changes, which calls into question the neutrality of the technique and its usefulness in those cases in which a control population is required.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48130905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artificial insemination (AI) has become a popular technique in rabbit farms worldwide. This report discusses the progress made on semen extenders used in rabbit AI, setting out the latest innovations. Fresh and frozen semen have different requirements, so the extender composition will vary depending on the type of semen used. We discuss the endocrine supplementation of extenders for ovulation induction, the use of active molecules as an alternative to conventional antibiotics and the extenders developed for rabbit sperm cryopreservation.
{"title":"Trends in rabbit insemination extenders for fresh and frozen semen. A review","authors":"M. P. Viudes-de-Castro, J. Vicente","doi":"10.4995/wrs.2023.18505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2023.18505","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial insemination (AI) has become a popular technique in rabbit farms worldwide. This report discusses the progress made on semen extenders used in rabbit AI, setting out the latest innovations. Fresh and frozen semen have different requirements, so the extender composition will vary depending on the type of semen used. We discuss the endocrine supplementation of extenders for ovulation induction, the use of active molecules as an alternative to conventional antibiotics and the extenders developed for rabbit sperm cryopreservation.","PeriodicalId":23902,"journal":{"name":"World Rabbit Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45878104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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