中华口腔医学杂志最新文献

The prevalence of periodontal disease among adults in China remains high, and its control and prevention continue to pose significant challenges. Initial periodontal therapy is the primary and core constituent of periodontal treatment, during which ultrasonic instruments are commonly used in clinical practice to remove plaque and calculus both supragingival and subgingival. However, the application of these instruments still requires further standardization. This article aims to provide scientific and standardized clinical practice operation guidance for dentists, ensure the quality of initial periodontal treatment, and promote people's periodontal health by clarifying the principle and teaching significance of ultrasonic scaling instruments, elaborating the key points of operation, precautions, common mistakes and countermeasures of ultrasonic supragingival and subgingival scaling, as well as introducing the key points of sandblasting and tooth polishing after ultrasonic scaling.

Aesthetic stomatology is a subfield of both dentistry and aesthetic medicine. This article systematically traces the century-long evolution of the aesthetic stomotology, encompassing its philosophical underpinnings, the formation of international aesthetic stomatology, its genesis and development in China, the compilation of foundational academic works and textbooks, as well as the progression of global academic collaborations, with the aim of presenting a disciplinary development path that bridges the past and the future.

As an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese oral medicine is instructive to the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. In the inheritance and development of traditional stomatology from ancient times to the present, oral medicine education is highly crucial. Although a small number of documents have summarized the history of Chinese medicine education, the relevant records of the history of Chinese oral medicine education are scattered in numerous monographs. There are few summaries in current medical history researches and in which many errors and fallacies are found. This review sorts out and summarizes the emergence of ancient traditional oral medicine in China, the division of oral medicine in official medical education and the professional setting. In analyzing the developing process of traditional Chinese oral medicine education, this review provides a reference for the study of Chinese stomatology history.

In 1937, during the war, a large number of Chinese universities migrated westward. Universities such as National Central University and Cheeloo University relocated to West China Union University in Chengdu, where they launched "Five Universities" educational alliance at Huaxiba. The educational alliance established a Joint Administrative Committee responsible for coordinating operations among the universities and implementing a system of mutual credit recognition. They generated the model of "unified scheduling, free course selection, and interchangeable credits", allowing students to take courses across campuses and enabling faculties to teach across institutions, with credits recognized by all member universities. This became the largest and most comprehensive higher medical education model during the wartime. This was an example of sharing resource and preserving the traditions of each institution. This article reviews the history of the "Five Universities" educational alliance at Huaxiba. This history witnesses the development and cultural continuity of higher medical education in China and stands as a legendary chapter in history.

Physical anthropology is a discipline that studies human physical characteristics and their evolutionary patterns through the analysis of human biological remains. Oral tissues such as teeth and jawbones, serving as crucial or even exclusive materials among human biological remains, establish oral medicine's central role in this field. This paper reviewed the advances in oral medicine's research on key physical anthropology topics and methodologies, including human origins and evolution, paleopathology, paleodietary reconstruction, and paleomicrobiology. In human origins and evolution research, dental morphology provides crucial evidence for identifying population relationships. Paleopathology reflects ancient survival pressures, subsistence economies, and cultural behavioral patterns through oral diseases. Paleodietary research reconstructs ancient dietary structures using dental microwear, trace elements, stable isotopes, and calculus microfossils (e.g., starch grains, ancient DNA, ancient proteins). Paleomicrobiology explores the evolution of health and disease through the oral microbiome. Current research faces limitations including narrow observation of oral diseases, inconsistent diagnostic criteria, and insufficient interdisciplinary integration. Future efforts should enhance multidisciplinary collaboration among oral medicine, archaeology, anthropology, and other fields. This multi-perspective approach will systematically elucidate the evolutionary trajectory of oral health and disease, enrich the historical context of oral medicine, and provide insights for contemporary prevention and treatment of oral diseases.

As a landmark work marking the independence of dentistry to be a specialized discipline, The Surgeon Dentist, or Treatise on the Teeth (1728) by Pierre Fauchard is the first systematic, comprehensive, and accurate monograph introducing the basic theories and clinical techniques of dentistry in the history of dental medicine. Its core contribution lies in ending the long-standing state where dentistry was merely a minor branch of surgery with scattered knowledge, and establishing the first independent and complete academic system of dentistry. Based on the physical verification of the first edition collected by the International Museum of Stomatology and literature researches, this paper systematically analyzes the background, knowledge framework, and technological innovations of the book. It focuses on verifying its original contributions in dental diseases classification, instruments design, and clinical standardization. These review also traces the technical origins of various subspecialties in modern stomatology, and revisits the arduous transformation of dentistry from a crude craft to a refined science. Furthermore, it interprets the core spirits embodied in the book encompassing modest practice, benefiting the public, seeking truth from facts, and integrating learning with application, highlighting its milestone significance in disciplinary origin, knowledge inheritance, and spiritual guidance. This paper provides a historical reference for contemporary stomatologists to clarify the disciplinary context and inherit professional ethics.

Early enamel demineralization, one of the common side effects of orthodontic treatment, occurs when dental plaque accumulation disrupts the balances of demineralization-remineralization and the oral microbial ecology. Clinically, the existence of orthodontic appliances can make oral hygiene more challenging. At the same time, patient adherence to oral hygiene appointments may be inconsistent. The combination of these factors often leads to inadequate plaque control and increases the risk of enamel demineralization. Presently, there is a lack of standardized guidelines for the clinical intervention and management for early enamel demineralization. Moreover, the associated risk assessment and prevention systems require further improvement. This article provides a review of the etiology, risk factors, and preventive and treatment strategies for managing early enamel demineralization in orthodontic patients. The aim is to provide references for clinicians to promote the early detection, early intervention, and standardized management of early enamel demineralization, thereby effectively controlling the incidence and progression of these lesions during orthodontic treatment.