Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії最新文献

{"title":"INTEGRATED APPROACH TO YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH","authors":"V.I. Horoshko, E.H. Khomenko, K.V. Sedykh, S.I. Danylchenko","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.153","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to analyze the mental health issues among students at the National University “Yuriy Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic”, taking into account the international experiences in implementing psychosocial diagnostic programs. Based on this analysis, recommendations were formulated for the effective implementation of programs aimed at enhancing the mental well-being of the Ukrainian student community. \u0000Materials and Methods: A total of 812 students from various specialties at Yuriy Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic National University participated in the study. The age range of the participants was between 18 and 22 years old, with 47% (382 individuals) being male and 53% (430 individuals) female, ensuring gender balance in the sample distribution and representing a diverse cross-section of respondents. The survey was conducted anonymously using a Google form, thereby upholding the principle of confidentiality in psychological research. \u0000Result and discussion. The survey revealed a correlation between military operations and an escalation in anxiety disorders among civilians and refugees within the Ukrainian context. However, there remains an incomplete understanding of the mental well-being of the youth demographic. Presently, numerous studies indicate a decline in the psycho-emotional state of Ukrainian students. A significant proportion of respondents reported feelings of depression, nervousness, loneliness, and anger, with an uptick in cases involving alcohol, tobacco, and sedative abuse. An investigation into the mental health of women within educational institutions, including female students and teachers, unveiled heightened levels of fear and diminished resilience to stressful situations. \u0000This methodological approach facilitated the organization of information, enabling an objective comprehension of the issue and the formulation of specific recommendations for future action. Notably, there is a pressing need to implement programs aimed at enhancing both mental and physical health. Initiatives incorporating physical activity, balanced nutrition, and relaxation techniques have demonstrated potential in reducing stress levels and fostering improved mental well-being among students. \u0000Conclusions: The proposed recommendations are geared towards enhancing mental health standards and mitigating the impact of psychological challenges on academic performance, social integration, and overall life satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"21 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CURRENT APPROACHES TO MANAGING MICROTIA","authors":"O. A. Toropov, V. O. Lychman, K.P. Lokes","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.273","url":null,"abstract":"Microtia, a developmental anomaly of the external ear resulting in a deformed auricle, affects 1 to 5 individuals per 10,000. Literature suggests a male predominance, with nearly 2.5 times more male patients affected than females. Additionally, there is a notable right-sided predilection, leading to pronounced asymmetry, observed in approximately 83% of cases. \u0000Surgical reconstruction is the primary treatment for microtia, albeit a technically demanding procedure with challenges in achieving optimal aesthetic outcomes. Reconstruction typically involves autologous costal cartilage, known for its effectiveness but requiring advanced surgical skills. Complications, including pneumothorax, postoperative pain, chest wall deformity, and pathological scarring, are common with this approach. \u0000In recent years, surgeons have increasingly adopted modern techniques utilizing porous high-density polyethylene implants for reconstruction. This approach is gaining popularity due to the challenges associated with achieving satisfactory cosmetic results using autologous costal cartilage reconstruction. \u0000Based on the bibliosemantic and analytical methods employed to analyze the literature, we posit that this topic necessitates further investigation and a multidisciplinary approach. The involvement of otolaryngologists and maxillofacial surgeons is imperative for the comprehensive treatment of this pathology.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"21 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A CLINICAL REVIEW OF DIAGNOSTIC BIOMARKERS AND THE ROLE OF THE GUT MICROBIOTA IN PRETERM INFANTS WITH NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS","authors":"Azerbaijan State","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.298","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to clarify the latest opinions of clinicians about the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of necrotic enterocolitis, as well as the role of microflora in the pathogenesis of this pathology. Material and methods. Search Strategy: A literature search was conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), Scopus, Cochrane Library, SpringerLink, and EBSCOhost ScienceDirect. The search spanned 20 years, from 2000 to 2020. In this review, we included 39 articles on this topic, which were available in full text and analyzed through critical evaluation. Results.According to the literature, necrotizing enterocolitis is primarily attributed to prematurity, compounded by the disruption of intestinal microflora composition due to artificial feeding, leading to an inflammatory reaction in the immature intestine. Delayed detection of the initial signs of necrotizing enterocolitis exacerbates treatment outcomes. In clinical practice, two main dilemmas in necrotizing enterocolitis diagnosis arise. Firstly, distinguishing early necrotizing enterocolitis from sepsis can be challenging, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Secondly, the optimal timing for surgical intervention remains unclear. Conclusion. There is a need to elucidate the latest opinions of clinicians regarding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis, including the role of microflora in its pathogenesis. Treatment strategies should integrate various models of clinical prognosis and biomarkers to accurately diagnose and tailor therapy for necrotizing enterocolitis.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"41 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ALTERATIONS IN RAT ILEAL WALL METRICS FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF A COMPLEX OF FOOD CHEMICAL ADDITIVES DURIGN THE EARLY STAGES OF THE EXPERIMENT","authors":"Ya. O. Oliinichenko","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.131","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of exogenous factors is a common cause of digestive disorders. Food chemical additives are important in the list of harmful exogenous factors. Despite the availability of literature data on their adverse effects on various systems and organs, the information on their complex impact on the ileum is limited and requires further study. The present study aimed to determine the metric changes in the ileal wall of rats during the early stages of administration of a complex of food chemical additives including monosodium glutamate, sodium nitrite, and ponceau 4R. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on mature white rats, divided into control and experimental groups. The control group received saline, and the experimental group received a complex of food chemical additives prepared following the standard methodology for 1 and 4 weeks orally. Material sampling and morphometric studies were performed according to generally accepted methods. The following parameters of the ileum wall were determined: total average wall thickness and average thickness of the serous membrane, muscle layer, submucosal and mucosal layers lseparately. Results. Changes in the indicators were found after the first week of administration of the food additives complex. In particular, the total intestinal wall thickness increased by 1.51 times compared to the control; after the fourth week, this indicator slightly decreased, although it was 1.22 times higher than the control group (p<0.05). The average mucosal thickness was 1.67 and 1.35 higher than in the control group after the first and fourth week, respectively. The average thickness of the submucosal layer also changed; after the first week, this indicator was 1.12 times lower than the control one; after the fourth week, the indicator increased by 1.21 times and 1.34 times compared to the control group and the previous observation period (p<0.05), respectively. As for the muscular layer, compared to the control group, after the first week, this indicator was 1.58 times higher (p<0.05). After the fourth week, it was 1.19 times higher than the control group and 1.33 times lower than the previous period. The average thickness of the serous layer was 1.44 times higher after the first week and 1.58 times higher after the fourth week compared to the control group. Conclusion. Thus, the introduction of a complex of food chemical additives leads to metric changes in the ileal wall of the ileum at the early stages of the experiment due to hyperhydration of connective tissue, impaired blood circulation, and pericellular oedema of the structural components of all membranes.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"77 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AT REGIONAL LEVEL","authors":"O.A. Lutsenko, G. Ostrovska, Yu.M. Lavrenyuk, T.A. Petrova, R.V. Lutsenko","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.31","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of antibiotics revolutionized medicine, dramatically reducing deaths and illnesses caused by infections. However, decades of overuse have accelerated the evolution of microorganisms, leading to a critical challenge: antibiotic resistance. This research aims to investigate the regional risk factors contributing to antibiotic resistance among the Poltava region population. \u0000Materials and methods. 100 patients of the 2nd Municipal Clinical Hospital and the Regional (Republican) Center for Emergency Medical Aid and Disaster Medicine of Poltava were included in the study. Data collection was carried out from November 2023 to March 2024. Patients were offered a series of 11 questions. \u0000Research results. This study has revealed the following antibiotic usage patterns among the residents of the Poltava region. It has been found that 22% of respondents are currently undergoing treatment, 8% in the last month, 36% in the last year, and 34% of the respondents tool the treatment for more than a year. When using antibiotics without a prescription, 30% of patients consulted a pharmacy, 52% trusted the Internet, 10% chose the cheapest medicine, and 8% followed advertisements. For subsequent illnesses, 76% of respondents used antibiotics they had taken before: amoxicillin (42%), ciprofloxacin (28%), azithromycin (22%), and chloramphenicol (8%). While 80% reported following prescribed antibiotic regimens, 20% interrupted treatment prematurely due to perceived improvement. Despite 84% acknowledging the importance of completing antibiotic courses, a concerning 16% were unaware of this crucial practice. Interestingly, 11% reported using antibiotics for preventive purposes (before getting sick). However, a positive trend emerged: 85% of respondents confirmed undergoing testing for bacterial susceptibility before receiving antibiotics. Only 9% reported amoxicillin as ineffective. When antibiotics were ineffective, 46% of respondents consulted a doctor, 24% took no action and waited for the antibiotic to take effect, 21% stopped one antibiotic and started another, and 14% preferred intramuscular injections and self-medication. \u0000Conclusion. A significant number of patients (48%) take antibacterial drugs without a doctor's prescription and 52% search for information on the Internet. 76% of patients use the same drug for a recurrent disease. Amoxicillin is the most often preferred (42%), a smaller number of patients came to the pharmacy for ciprofloxacin (28%), 22% of respondents preferred azithromycin. This study underscores the necessity for public health interventions to tackle antibiotic misuse and misconceptions in the Poltava region. Promoting responsible usage, emphasizing the importance of completing treatment courses, and discouraging self-medication are crucial steps in combating the growing threat of antibiotic resistance.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"36 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE ON STEATOTIC LIVER DISEASE PROGRESSION","authors":"I.O. Pilat, I.M. Skrypnyk","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.44","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and coronary artery disease often exacerbate each other, leading to a more severe course of both conditions. \u0000The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of coronary artery disease in dislipidemia and liver fibrosis progression in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. \u0000Materials and methods. Forty-six patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease were examined. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of concomitant coronary artery disease: group I (n=24) included patients with both metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and coronary artery disease, while group II (n=22) included patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease only. A third group (Group III) comprised healthy individuals. Specific lipid metabolism parameters, obesity stage, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity, and platelet count were examined. Fibrosis stage was evaluated using the FIB-4 score. The findings obtained were statistically processed. \u0000Results. Arterial hypertension was more prevalent in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and concomitant coronary artery disease. In group I, arterial hypertension was observed in 95.8% of cases, whereas in group II, it was observed in 40.9% of cases (χ2=16.35, p=0.00005). Patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease exhibited elevated levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides, leading to an increased atherogenic index. Conversely, high-density lipoprotein levels were decreased (p>0.05). The degree of fibrosis according to the FIB-4 score was 1.45 times higher in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and concomitant coronary artery disease compared to those without coronary artery disease.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"83 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141121096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF DENTAL CARE INDICATORS FOR CHILDREN BASED ON DATA FROM THE PEDIATRIC DENTAL CLINIC OF POLTAVA CITY","authors":"L. Kaskova, N. Yanko, V. V. Tovma, I. Vashchenko, L. P. Ulasevich","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.160","url":null,"abstract":"In the period from 2020 to 2023, the dental care system in Ukraine underwent significant changes considering the effects of healthcare reforms, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the ongoing conflict. The objective of this article is to assess the changes in the provision of general dental care at the Pediatric Dental Polyclinic in Poltava City over the past five years based on a retrospective analysis of statistical reports from 2019 to 2023. In 2019, emergency dental care accounted 9.69% of all visits. Complicated caries of permanent teeth was found in 2.28% of filled teeth, with light-cured resin fillings representing 29.52% of them. Periodontal diseases were detected in 0.62% of visits. Preventive examinations comprises a significant portion of visits, 86.43% of visits; 94.66% of children who needed dental sanitation received full treatment. Preventive measures including fissure sealing, remineralizing therapy, and supervised tooth brushing played a significant role in these outcomes. \u0000In 2020, the number of visits dramatically decreased, but the share of emergency dental care increased to 11.65%, compared to 2019 (p < 0.0001). The number of filled teeth decreased, while the percentage of complicated caries of permanent teeth increased to 4.09% (p < 0.0001). The proportion of fillings made of light-cured resins rose to 40.19%, representing a 1.36-fold increase (p < 0.0001). Preventive examinations accounted for 26.47% of visits, and 88.47% of examined children in need of dental sanitation were fully treated. However, the share of preventive measures and the number of visits for children with periodontal disease dropped. \u0000In 2021, the number of preventive examinations increased to 49.49% of visits. The percentage of complicated caries of permanent teeth in the filling structure rose to 4.93% compared to 2020 (p < 0.0001). The share of fillings made of light-cured resins reached 51.19%, and the rate of children receiving treatment under anesthesia increased (p < 0.0001). Indicators of preventive measures, which received less attention during quarantine, continued to decline. \u0000In 2022, complicated caries of permanent teeth constituted 4.96% of fillings that was higher than in 2021 (p < 0.0001). The proportion of preventive examinations significantly decreased to 33.45% (p < 0.0001), and the percentage of treated children among those who needed treatment dropped to 77.5%. Pedodontists started paying more attention to periodontal disease, preventive care, and treatment under anesthesia, which increased significantly. \u0000In 2023, the share of complicated caries of permanent teeth increased to 5.53% (p < 0.0001). The number of children treated under local or general anesthesia increased by 2.5 times. The number of visits for children with periodontal disease and indicators of preventive measures also increased (p < 0.001). In 2023, the share of preventive examinations was 36.28%, and the percentage of treated children among those who needed help decreased com","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"80 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF SURFACE QUALITY IN BASE ACRYLIC PLASTIC USING FLAW DETECTION METHOD","authors":"V.O. Kurilo, D.M. Korol, M.M. Maluchenko, A.M. Ramus","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.74","url":null,"abstract":"Before scanning the surface of the base acrylic plastic, ten samples were selected with a surface that had undergone all stages of finishing according to the proper dental protocol and ten samples that had previously been artificially damaged with scratches using sandpaper. \u0000This study addresses the assessment of the quality of removable orthopedic appliances concerning surface polishing and detection of microdefects. The research employs a comparative analysis of reference samples of base plastic and artificially damaged samples using flaw detection analysis. \u0000Prior to scanning the surface of the base acrylic plastic, ten samples underwent all stages of finishing according to dental protocol, while another ten samples were intentionally damaged with scratches using sandpaper. The macrophotographs obtained were processed using the \"Image J\" program, allowing for quantitative analysis of images, enabling the evaluation of surface quality through various parameters. This included evaluating the total number of defects, as well as the average area and perimeter of the defects. Statistical analysis conducted in the JUSP program enabled comparison between the two groups of samples, identifying significant quantitative differences. Based on the prominent indicators available in the Image J program, conclusions were drawn regarding the quality of the acrylic plastic surface and the factors influencing its condition through specific mechanical defects. \u0000The proposed method of light-optical flaw detection expands the clinical assessment capabilities of removable orthopedic structures (base plastic), particularly concerning potential bacterial contamination, which can serve as a significant factor in the formation of inflammation foci on the mucous membrane of the denture-supporting oral tissues. Flaw detection analysis enables a comprehensive assessment of material surface polishing quality and the detection of surface defects that may arise during production or use, thus preventing biofilm accumulation. \u0000The experiment demonstrated the effectiveness of light-optical flaw detection and highlights the potential for its further improvement and broader implementation in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"36 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DYNAMIC CHANGES IN HISTOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS OF THE LUNGS IN SEXUALLY IMMATURE RATS DURING SIMULATION OF PARTIAL TRACHEAL STENOSIS","authors":"Yu.A. Molochek, S. I. Savosko","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.113","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The morphological features of the respiratory system in laryngomalacia remain insufficiently understood, particularly regarding structural, cytological, and functional alterations. The aim of this study is to investigate the morphological characteristics of the respiratory compartment in the lungs of sexually immature rats, conduct a morphometric assessment of lung tissue density, analyze the dynamics of erythrocyte mass and collagen accumulation, and identify correlations between these parameters. Materials and Methods: The study involved sexually immature male Wistar rats aged 25-28 days and weighing 40-55 g. Partial tracheal stenosis was induced in experimental animals using a developed method, restricting the tracheal lumen by 20-25%. The stenosis was maintained for 7 and 21 days in different groups. In one group, tracheal stenosis was relieved after 7 days by removing the compressive ligature. Histological, histochemical, and morphometric methods were employed to study changes in lung tissue. Results. Pathological changes in lung tissue during hypoxia were characterized by an increase in the number of different types of cells and erythrocyte mass, especially on the 21st day of the experiment and the removal of ligatures from the trachea in experimental animals. Disturbances in the microcirculation of the lung acini were manifested by a sharp increase in blood filling of the microvessels and expansion of their lumen. In this case, the process of erythrocyte penetration into the lumen of the alveoli was sometimes noted. The results of histochemical detection of collagen indicate that in the lung tissue of experimental animals there is no activation of fibrogenetic processes, which would be accompanied by a simultaneous increase in the specific density of collagen. Indicators characterizing the lung tissue (number of cells, their specific density) made it possible to evaluate the corresponding correlations. At the same time, they were not associated with the level of collagen or erythrocyte density in the studied loci of the respiratory system of experimental sexually immature rats. A significant increase in the specific density of erythrocyte mass in lung tissue did not depend on the duration of the experiment. Removal of the ligature and restoration of the tracheal lumen did not significantly affect the restoration of alveolar acini and the spectrum of identified cells. In addition, an increase in the specific density of lung tissue was observed. Conclusion. The findings of this study contribute to deeper understanding of lung damage in children with laryngomalacia and associated respiratory system ventilation impairment. The observed reactive changes in lung connective tissue and collagen synthesis during hypoxia do not necessarily indicate the development of respiratory system fibrosis. However, longer exposure to hypoxic conditions may increase the risk of fibrosis in children.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"38 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF ADAPTATION AND COURSE OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN SERVICEMEN DEPLOYED TO INTENSE COMBAT ZONES","authors":"I.O. Zolochevskyi","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.23","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of war, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) emerges as one of the most prevalent psychological conditions, particularly among military personnel deployed in combat zones. The primary triggers for PTSD in military personnel often include the loss of comrades or the necessity to use lethal weapons, resulting in significant consequences. For PTSD to manifest, individuals must undergo a traumatic experience that exceeds normal human stress levels and leads to distress. \u0000The aim of this study is to investigate the course of PTSD in military personnel who have been exposed to intense combat operations and to explore their maladaptive manifestations. The study comprised 38 patients diagnosed with PTSD (F43.1) according to the ICD-10, who received treatment at the Regional Mental Health Care Institution for the Protection of the Armed Forces. All patients provided informed consent to participate in the study. \u0000A structured clinical diagnostic interview known as CAPS-DX was applied in this study. Developed based on the DSM-IV, this interview assesses the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the duration of the disorder, and the degree of impairment of social functioning. The CAPS-DX scale provided insights into the presence of PTSD symptoms both currently and throughout the individual's life following psychotrauma. To diagnose psychosocial maladjustment and its characteristics, we employed the Psychosocial Maladjustment Scale by L. Herasymenko (2018). \u0000Clinical and anamnestic examinations revealed that 86% of servicemen had experienced multiple traumatic events, indicating a history of several psychotraumas. The study identified that the primary psychopathological manifestations of PTSD did not differ significantly from the traditional course of the disorder, but they were more intense and pronounced in this group of servicemen. \u0000The study has demonstrated that servicemen with combat experience and PTSD exhibited reduced levels of psychosocial adaptation. Their adaptive resources and capabilities, as well as their neuropsychological stability, were significantly diminished, along with a decrease in their communication abilities. Based on the overall level and quality of social and psychological adaptation, three levels of adaptation/maladaptation were distinguished among servicemen with combat-related PTSD: sufficient, partial, or maladaptation. \u0000It should be noted that the levels of adaptation were correlated with the severity of anxiety. Servicemen with sufficient adaptation typically exhibited low levels of anxiety, while those with partial adaptation showed an average level, and those with maladaptation displayed high levels of anxiety. \u0000The study revealed a spectrum of psychopathological manifestations in servicemen who were in the combat zone, ranging from semiotic complexes resembling panic attacks to psychogenic catalepsy. Furthermore, it was found that servicemen with combat experience and post-traumatic stress disor","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141121212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}