Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.170
O.A. Koval
Introduction. At present, understanding the psychological and social aspects of personality development among adolescents aged 17-21 is crucial. By this age, most have completed secondary education, with many continuing their studies at higher educational institutions. However, junior students often face challenges related to psychological maturity, readiness for independent work, and adaptation to the academic environment, leading to maladaptation and stress resistance issues. This study aims to investigate the key psychological characteristics of older adolescents to enhance their effectiveness in higher education. Materials and Methods. A thorough analysis of the main psychological traits of older adolescents in higher educational institutions was conducted based on data from recent domestic and international literature. Results. This study identified several psychological factors that influence the academic productivity and adaptation of older adolescent students in higher education. Some factors contribute to their success, such as adaptability to new social groups and recognition by peers and faculty. However, other factors can hinder or even prevent these processes for certain groups of students. Conclusion. Older adolescents demonstrate a deepening of their individual development compared to earlier stages. However, first-year students often exhibit traits of psychological immaturity and partial instability. Understanding these psychological characteristics is essential for effectively supporting and guiding older adolescents in their educational journey.
{"title":"PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERGING ADULTS – STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS","authors":"O.A. Koval","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.170","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. At present, understanding the psychological and social aspects of personality development among adolescents aged 17-21 is crucial. By this age, most have completed secondary education, with many continuing their studies at higher educational institutions. However, junior students often face challenges related to psychological maturity, readiness for independent work, and adaptation to the academic environment, leading to maladaptation and stress resistance issues. This study aims to investigate the key psychological characteristics of older adolescents to enhance their effectiveness in higher education. \u0000Materials and Methods. A thorough analysis of the main psychological traits of older adolescents in higher educational institutions was conducted based on data from recent domestic and international literature. \u0000Results. This study identified several psychological factors that influence the academic productivity and adaptation of older adolescent students in higher education. Some factors contribute to their success, such as adaptability to new social groups and recognition by peers and faculty. However, other factors can hinder or even prevent these processes for certain groups of students. \u0000Conclusion. Older adolescents demonstrate a deepening of their individual development compared to earlier stages. However, first-year students often exhibit traits of psychological immaturity and partial instability. Understanding these psychological characteristics is essential for effectively supporting and guiding older adolescents in their educational journey.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"53 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.87
V.M. Novikov, O.B. Gorbachenko, K.Yu. Rezvika, M. A. Korostashova
Introduction. Severity levels of temporomandibular joint dysfunction can be assessed by certain parameters based on images obtained using magnetic resonance imaging. In order to assess the condition of the joint and choose the optimal treatment plan depending on the detected changes on the magnetic resonance imaging images, the most common classification according to C. H. Wilkes was chosen. This study aimed to assess the severity of temporomandibular joint dysfunction symptoms in women of child-bearing and post-menopausal age according to the C. H. Wilkes classification. Participants and methods. 63 patients were selected: reproductive period n=45 and post-menopausal n=17. Magnetic resonance imaging is described in detail and the diagnosis according to the C. H. Wilkes classification is made. Statistical analysis was carried out by calculating the χ2 test in order to analyze the independence between categorical variables; Kendall's correlation coefficient was applied to assess the correlation between age and disease stages. Results. Diseases of the temporomandibular joint are more common among women of child-bearing age compared to women of postmenopausal age. This may be related to hormonal changes characteristic of the reproductive period: in the group of child-bearing age, there is a greater variety of stages of the disease, while in the group of post-menopausal age, stage IV prevails. This may indicate the influence of age factors on TMJ development. The relationship between age and diseases of the temporomandibular joint has a statistically significant correlation. The results of the χ2 test show a statistically significant relationship between age and TMJ disease stages. In addition, Kendall's correlation coefficient confirms the presence of a moderate degree of relationship between age and stages of the disease. Conclusion. The results of the analysis of the distribution of temporomandibular joint disease stages between age groups can serve as important data for optimizing clinical practice, improving treatment outcomes, and increasing patients' quality of life. For example, our study indicates that stage Ⅱ according to the classification of C. H. Wilkes is more common in women of reproductive age, and stage Ⅳ is more common in women of postmenopausal age. Clinicians should take this dada into account when developing individual treatment plans.
引言颞下颌关节功能障碍的严重程度可根据磁共振成像获得的图像通过某些参数进行评估。为了评估关节的状况，并根据磁共振成像图像上检测到的变化选择最佳治疗方案，我们选择了 C. H. Wilkes 最常用的分类方法。本研究旨在根据 C. H. 威尔克斯分类法评估育龄和绝经后妇女颞下颌关节功能障碍症状的严重程度。参与者和方法。选取了 63 名患者：育龄期 45 人，绝经后 17 人。详细描述了磁共振成像，并根据 C. H. 威尔克斯分类法进行了诊断。统计分析采用χ2检验，以分析分类变量之间的独立性；Kendall相关系数用于评估年龄与疾病分期之间的相关性。结果与绝经后妇女相比，育龄妇女更容易患颞下颌关节疾病。这可能与生殖期特有的荷尔蒙变化有关：育龄期妇女的疾病分期更多，而绝经后妇女的疾病则以第四期为主。这可能表明年龄因素对颞下颌关节发育的影响。年龄与颞下颌关节疾病的关系具有统计学意义。χ2 检验结果显示，年龄与颞下颌关节疾病分期之间的关系具有统计学意义。此外，肯德尔相关系数证实年龄与疾病分期之间存在中等程度的关系。结论颞下颌关节疾病分期在不同年龄组之间的分布分析结果可作为优化临床实践、改善治疗效果和提高患者生活质量的重要数据。例如，我们的研究表明，根据 C. H. Wilkes 的分类，Ⅱ期多见于育龄妇女，而Ⅳ期多见于绝经后妇女。临床医生在制定个体治疗方案时应考虑到这一达达。
{"title":"STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PREVALENCE OF INTERNAL TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS IN FEMALE PATIENTS BASED ON C. H. WILKES CLASSIFICATION","authors":"V.M. Novikov, O.B. Gorbachenko, K.Yu. Rezvika, M. A. Korostashova","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.87","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Severity levels of temporomandibular joint dysfunction can be assessed by certain parameters based on images obtained using magnetic resonance imaging. In order to assess the condition of the joint and choose the optimal treatment plan depending on the detected changes on the magnetic resonance imaging images, the most common classification according to C. H. Wilkes was chosen. This study aimed to assess the severity of temporomandibular joint dysfunction symptoms in women of child-bearing and post-menopausal age according to the C. H. Wilkes classification. \u0000Participants and methods. 63 patients were selected: reproductive period n=45 and post-menopausal n=17. Magnetic resonance imaging is described in detail and the diagnosis according to the C. H. Wilkes classification is made. \u0000Statistical analysis was carried out by calculating the χ2 test in order to analyze the independence between categorical variables; Kendall's correlation coefficient was applied to assess the correlation between age and disease stages. \u0000Results. Diseases of the temporomandibular joint are more common among women of child-bearing age compared to women of postmenopausal age. This may be related to hormonal changes characteristic of the reproductive period: in the group of child-bearing age, there is a greater variety of stages of the disease, while in the group of post-menopausal age, stage IV prevails. This may indicate the influence of age factors on TMJ development. \u0000The relationship between age and diseases of the temporomandibular joint has a statistically significant correlation. The results of the χ2 test show a statistically significant relationship between age and TMJ disease stages. In addition, Kendall's correlation coefficient confirms the presence of a moderate degree of relationship between age and stages of the disease. \u0000Conclusion. The results of the analysis of the distribution of temporomandibular joint disease stages between age groups can serve as important data for optimizing clinical practice, improving treatment outcomes, and increasing patients' quality of life. For example, our study indicates that stage Ⅱ according to the classification of C. H. Wilkes is more common in women of reproductive age, and stage Ⅳ is more common in women of postmenopausal age. Clinicians should take this dada into account when developing individual treatment plans.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"79 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.10
N. Gasimov, N.I. Mammadov, I.K. Akberova, A.E. Hajieva
Objective: To enhance the immediate treatment outcomes of complicated peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum through the development and application of video-assisted organ-preserving surgeries. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed the treatment outcomes of 261 patients with complicated gastric and duodenal ulcers. The patients received the treatment in the surgical departments of Azerbaijan State Advanced Training Institute for Doctors named after A. Aliyev, Scientific Surgical Center named after M.A. Topchubashev, and Sabunchi Medical Center from 2015 to 2023. All patients with perforated and bleeding ulcers of the stomach and duodenum underwent clinical and instrumental examinations. The initial general condition of the patient was thoroughly assessed. Among the patients, there were 220 men (84.3%) and 41 women (15.7%), with ages ranging from 18 to 84 years. There were 75 (28.7%) patients complicated with bleeding of gastric and duodenal ulcer, and 186 (71.3%) patients with perforation. In the control group, traditional, "open" surgical interventions were performed in 164 (62.8%) patients, and minimally invasive endoscopic video-assisted operations were performed in 97 (37.2%) cases. Out of 186 patients, 124 (66.7%) underwent traditional suturing of a perforated gastroduodenal ulcer during laparotomy, while 62 (33.3%) underwent minimally invasive endosurgical interventions. In the control group, 12 (8.4%) patients underwent gastric resection, and 10 (5.4%) underwent vagotomy with pyloroplasty. The immediate results of radical operations for a perforated ulcer were characterized by a high percentage of early complications, with 5 (41.6%) cases. Results. Of the 186 patients operated on for perforated gastroduodenal ulcer, 12 individuals (6.5±2.9%) developed complications in the postoperative period: 9 (7.3%) in the comparison group, and 3 (4.8%) patients in the main group. We obtained a statistically significant shorter duration of a surgical intervention by 24.8 minutes and shorter hospital staying time due to a decrease in the duration of the postoperative period by 5.3 days, a lower number of postoperative complications by 2.5%, and a lower postoperative mortality by 2.4%. The duration of laparoscopic suturing of a perforated ulcer averaged 38.6 minutes. The duration of hospital staying averaged 6.9±1.2 days. The use of minimally invasive interventions for ulcerative duodenal bleeding was accompanied by a significant reduction in the rehabilitation period compared with that after traditional, "open" operations that amounted to 18.3+3.6 and 35.5±5.9 days, respectively. Postoperative mortality was 1.3% (1 patient in the control group died). Conclusion. The outcome of treatment depends on the age of patients, the timing of the onset of the disease, the severity of concomitant pathology, the severity and extent of peritonitis and the duration of ulcerative anamnesis.
{"title":"IMMEDIATE RESULTS OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY FOR COMPLICATED PEPTIC ULCERS OF THE STOMACH AND DUODENUM","authors":"N. Gasimov, N.I. Mammadov, I.K. Akberova, A.E. Hajieva","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To enhance the immediate treatment outcomes of complicated peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum through the development and application of video-assisted organ-preserving surgeries. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed the treatment outcomes of 261 patients with complicated gastric and duodenal ulcers. The patients received the treatment in the surgical departments of Azerbaijan State Advanced Training Institute for Doctors named after A. Aliyev, Scientific Surgical Center named after M.A. Topchubashev, and Sabunchi Medical Center from 2015 to 2023. All patients with perforated and bleeding ulcers of the stomach and duodenum underwent clinical and instrumental examinations. The initial general condition of the patient was thoroughly assessed. Among the patients, there were 220 men (84.3%) and 41 women (15.7%), with ages ranging from 18 to 84 years. There were 75 (28.7%) patients complicated with bleeding of gastric and duodenal ulcer, and 186 (71.3%) patients with perforation. In the control group, traditional, \"open\" surgical interventions were performed in 164 (62.8%) patients, and minimally invasive endoscopic video-assisted operations were performed in 97 (37.2%) cases. Out of 186 patients, 124 (66.7%) underwent traditional suturing of a perforated gastroduodenal ulcer during laparotomy, while 62 (33.3%) underwent minimally invasive endosurgical interventions. In the control group, 12 (8.4%) patients underwent gastric resection, and 10 (5.4%) underwent vagotomy with pyloroplasty. The immediate results of radical operations for a perforated ulcer were characterized by a high percentage of early complications, with 5 (41.6%) cases. Results. Of the 186 patients operated on for perforated gastroduodenal ulcer, 12 individuals (6.5±2.9%) developed complications in the postoperative period: 9 (7.3%) in the comparison group, and 3 (4.8%) patients in the main group. We obtained a statistically significant shorter duration of a surgical intervention by 24.8 minutes and shorter hospital staying time due to a decrease in the duration of the postoperative period by 5.3 days, a lower number of postoperative complications by 2.5%, and a lower postoperative mortality by 2.4%. The duration of laparoscopic suturing of a perforated ulcer averaged 38.6 minutes. The duration of hospital staying averaged 6.9±1.2 days. The use of minimally invasive interventions for ulcerative duodenal bleeding was accompanied by a significant reduction in the rehabilitation period compared with that after traditional, \"open\" operations that amounted to 18.3+3.6 and 35.5±5.9 days, respectively. Postoperative mortality was 1.3% (1 patient in the control group died). Conclusion. The outcome of treatment depends on the age of patients, the timing of the onset of the disease, the severity of concomitant pathology, the severity and extent of peritonitis and the duration of ulcerative anamnesis.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"24 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.125
D. Nazarova, S. Kramar, G.Y. Kozhushko, V.V. Kozhushko, Y.P. Barbashova
The aim of this study is to evaluate the histological changes in the cerebellum of rat brains following chronic alcohol intoxication. Materials and Methods. We employed a classical approach for modeling chronic alcohol intoxication by administering 40% ethanol to rats (n=55) in a dosage of 2 ml per 100 g of body weight daily for three months. The cerebellar structure was then analyzed. Results. This study investigates the impact of chronic alcohol intoxication on the histological structures of the cerebellar cortex. The cerebellum, like the nervous system overall, possesses a significant cellular and functional reserve. However, teratogenic factors, including ethanol, notably influence the activity of cerebellar neurons, increasing it. Ethanol exposure during early pregnancy can lead to prenatal growth retardation, stillbirth, cleft palate, hydrocephaly, and reductions in fetal body size. There is evidence suggesting a correlation between blood ethanol levels and a reduction in the number of Purkinje cells. Chronic alcohol consumption results in cerebellar ataxia, alterations in upper limb movements, decreased reaction speeds, reduced attention concentration, impaired coordination accuracy, and disturbances in postural stability and balance. Conclusion. The cerebellum, especially during development, is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol. Recent research suggests that changes in the neurotransmission of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-dependent receptors may contribute to cerebellar dysfunction induced by ethanol. Ethanol exposure increases the release of GABA not only in Purkinje cells but also in the interneurons of the molecular layer and granule cells.
{"title":"HISTOSTRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS IN THE CEREBRAL ARCHITECTURE ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROGRESSION OF ALCOHOL INTOXICATION: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS","authors":"D. Nazarova, S. Kramar, G.Y. Kozhushko, V.V. Kozhushko, Y.P. Barbashova","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.125","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to evaluate the histological changes in the cerebellum of rat brains following chronic alcohol intoxication. Materials and Methods. We employed a classical approach for modeling chronic alcohol intoxication by administering 40% ethanol to rats (n=55) in a dosage of 2 ml per 100 g of body weight daily for three months. The cerebellar structure was then analyzed. Results. This study investigates the impact of chronic alcohol intoxication on the histological structures of the cerebellar cortex. The cerebellum, like the nervous system overall, possesses a significant cellular and functional reserve. However, teratogenic factors, including ethanol, notably influence the activity of cerebellar neurons, increasing it. Ethanol exposure during early pregnancy can lead to prenatal growth retardation, stillbirth, cleft palate, hydrocephaly, and reductions in fetal body size. There is evidence suggesting a correlation between blood ethanol levels and a reduction in the number of Purkinje cells. Chronic alcohol consumption results in cerebellar ataxia, alterations in upper limb movements, decreased reaction speeds, reduced attention concentration, impaired coordination accuracy, and disturbances in postural stability and balance. Conclusion. The cerebellum, especially during development, is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol. Recent research suggests that changes in the neurotransmission of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-dependent receptors may contribute to cerebellar dysfunction induced by ethanol. Ethanol exposure increases the release of GABA not only in Purkinje cells but also in the interneurons of the molecular layer and granule cells.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"75 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141121147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.92
A.M. Ramus, D.M. Korol, M. Ramus, V.O. Kurylo
Introduction: The study focuses on the importance of maintaining oral hygiene, especially in wearers of fixed dental bridge. The impact of inadequate oral hygiene care on the development of dental diseases and the necessity for developing effective methods for its assessment are examined. Research objective: The aim of this study is to refine the fluorescent diagnostic method in orthopedic dentistry and to develop an index for assessing the hygienic status of natural teeth and fixed dental prostheses through an in vivo experiment. This method is intended to improve the diagnosis of oral conditions in wearers of fixed prostheses, ultimately enhancing the quality of their orthopedic treatment. Materials and methods: The study is based on the application of fluorescent diagnostics using Rhodamine B dye, which, when exposed to ultraviolet light, allows for the detection of dental deposits. The technique involves treating the surfaces of teeth and prostheses with a special solution that enhances the visibility of dental plaque under ultraviolet illumination. Research results: The experimental results demonstrated the high efficiency of the fluorescent method in detecting dental deposits both on the enamel of natural teeth and on the ceramic surface of fixed dentures. The digital analysis method allows for obtaining specific graphical indicators of the biofilm area, enhancing the relevance of an individual approach. Conclusions: Conclusions: The experimental study confirmed the high efficiency of the refined fluorescent method for assessing the hygienic status of the oral cavity, applicable to both natural teeth and fixed orthopedic constructions. This technique enables accurate assessment of hygiene status, facilitating effective prevention of dental diseases and optimization of treatment procedures. The method is convenient to use, and the software is accessible for clinicians. Further observations on the outcomes of this technique in patients with various orthopedic profiles are planned to expand its applicability.
简介这项研究的重点是保持口腔卫生的重要性，尤其是对于固定牙桥的佩戴者。研究探讨了口腔卫生护理不当对牙科疾病发展的影响，以及制定有效评估方法的必要性。研究目的：本研究的目的是改进矫形牙科中的荧光诊断方法，并通过活体实验开发一种用于评估天然牙齿和固定义齿卫生状况的指标。该方法旨在改善对固定义齿佩戴者口腔状况的诊断，最终提高义齿矫治的质量。材料和方法：该研究基于使用罗丹明 B 染料的荧光诊断法，这种染料在紫外线照射下可检测牙齿沉积物。该技术包括用一种特殊的溶液处理牙齿和义齿表面，这种溶液在紫外线照射下可提高牙菌斑的可见度。研究成果：实验结果表明，荧光方法在检测天然牙齿珐琅质和固定假牙陶瓷表面的牙菌斑方面具有很高的效率。数字分析方法可以获得生物膜区域的具体图形指标，提高了个性化方法的相关性。结论结论实验研究证实，精制荧光法评估口腔卫生状况的效率很高，既适用于天然牙，也适用于固定义齿。该技术能准确评估卫生状况，有助于有效预防牙科疾病和优化治疗程序。该方法使用方便，软件也便于临床医生使用。计划进一步观察该技术在不同矫形情况患者中的应用效果，以扩大其适用范围。
{"title":"INDEX-BASED ASSESSMENT ALGORITHM FOR ORAL HYGIENE IN WEARERS OF FIXED DENTAL BRIDGES","authors":"A.M. Ramus, D.M. Korol, M. Ramus, V.O. Kurylo","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.92","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The study focuses on the importance of maintaining oral hygiene, especially in wearers of fixed dental bridge. The impact of inadequate oral hygiene care on the development of dental diseases and the necessity for developing effective methods for its assessment are examined. \u0000Research objective: The aim of this study is to refine the fluorescent diagnostic method in orthopedic dentistry and to develop an index for assessing the hygienic status of natural teeth and fixed dental prostheses through an in vivo experiment. This method is intended to improve the diagnosis of oral conditions in wearers of fixed prostheses, ultimately enhancing the quality of their orthopedic treatment. \u0000Materials and methods: The study is based on the application of fluorescent diagnostics using Rhodamine B dye, which, when exposed to ultraviolet light, allows for the detection of dental deposits. The technique involves treating the surfaces of teeth and prostheses with a special solution that enhances the visibility of dental plaque under ultraviolet illumination. \u0000Research results: The experimental results demonstrated the high efficiency of the fluorescent method in detecting dental deposits both on the enamel of natural teeth and on the ceramic surface of fixed dentures. The digital analysis method allows for obtaining specific graphical indicators of the biofilm area, enhancing the relevance of an individual approach. \u0000Conclusions: Conclusions: The experimental study confirmed the high efficiency of the refined fluorescent method for assessing the hygienic status of the oral cavity, applicable to both natural teeth and fixed orthopedic constructions. This technique enables accurate assessment of hygiene status, facilitating effective prevention of dental diseases and optimization of treatment procedures. The method is convenient to use, and the software is accessible for clinicians. Further observations on the outcomes of this technique in patients with various orthopedic profiles are planned to expand its applicability.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.218
H. M. Stepanova, O. V. Lupyna
Introduction: In recent decades, the world has seen a transition from traditional to digital radiography. Ukraine has also joined this process, replacing outdated equipment with modern digital systems that have become especially important during the Covid-19 epidemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war. The Third Cherkasy City Emergency Hospital implements modern digital technologies of X-ray diagnostics in order to improve the provision of medical care and diagnostics. This study aims at investigating and evaluating the experience of implementing digital X-ray technologies in The Third Cherkasy City Emergency Hospital. Materials and methods: This study involved analyzing medical records from The Third Cherkasy City Emergency Hospital and conducting individual interviews with eight healthcare professionals, including radiologists, other physicians, and a nurse from the hospital. Results. Beginning in 2017, due to the decentralization policy and changes in the Cherkassy city administration, there has been a gradual transition of the medical sector, particularly The Third Cherkassy City Emergency Hospital, to modern digital equipment. This transition has significantly enhanced the quality of medical services and streamlined the process of diagnosing and treating patients. The integration of digital X-ray technologies into the hospital's medical practice has expedited the acquisition and processing of X-ray images, reducing labor and time previously spent on film installation and processing. This reduction in personnel and equipment needs has led to cost savings and process optimization. The implementation of modern X-ray technology has notably improved the efficiency and workflow of hospital staff, facilitating faster and more accurate processing and analysis of X-ray images. The absence of chemical reagents and the utilization of high-quality, clear images have reduced physical and emotional stress among medical personnel. Furthermore, the technology has enabled more effective detection of various diseases at early stages and streamlined emergency care for injured patients. Additionally, the impact of X-ray radiation on both patients and medical staff has decreased. However, the adoption of digital technologies has brought forth new challenges, such as organizing storage and access to digital archives. Addressing these challenges necessitates additional investments in server equipment and the development of specialized programs. Ensuring the reliability and security of medical information storage is crucial to prevent potential data loss or corruption.
导言：近几十年来，全世界都在经历从传统放射摄影向数字放射摄影的转变。乌克兰也加入了这一进程，用现代数字系统取代了过时的设备，这在科维德-19疫情和俄乌战争期间尤为重要。切尔卡瑟市第三急诊医院采用了现代数字 X 射线诊断技术，以改善医疗服务和诊断。本研究旨在调查和评估切尔卡瑟市第三急诊医院实施数字 X 射线技术的经验。材料和方法本研究分析了切尔卡瑟市第三急诊医院的医疗记录，并对八名医护人员进行了个别访谈，其中包括放射科医生、其他医生和医院的一名护士。研究结果从 2017 年开始，由于权力下放政策和切尔卡瑟市行政管理的变化，医疗部门，尤其是切尔卡瑟市第三急救医院，逐渐向现代化数字设备过渡。这一转变大大提高了医疗服务的质量，简化了诊断和治疗病人的程序。数字 X 光技术融入医院的医疗实践后，加快了 X 光图像的采集和处理速度，减少了以前用于胶片安装和处理的人力和时间。人员和设备需求的减少带来了成本的节约和流程的优化。现代 X 射线技术的应用显著提高了医院工作人员的工作效率和工作流程，使 X 射线图像的处理和分析更快、更准确。由于不使用化学试剂，图像质量高且清晰，医务人员的身体和精神压力都有所减轻。此外，该技术还能更有效地早期发现各种疾病，并简化对受伤病人的紧急护理。此外，X 射线辐射对病人和医务人员的影响也有所减少。然而，数字技术的采用也带来了新的挑战，如数字档案的组织存储和访问。要应对这些挑战，就必须对服务器设备进行额外投资，并开发专门的程序。确保医疗信息存储的可靠性和安全性对于防止潜在的数据丢失或损坏至关重要。
{"title":"IMPLEMENTING ADVANCED X-RAY TECHNOLOGIES AT THE THIRD CHERKASY CITY EMERGENCY HOSPITAL","authors":"H. M. Stepanova, O. V. Lupyna","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.218","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In recent decades, the world has seen a transition from traditional to digital radiography. Ukraine has also joined this process, replacing outdated equipment with modern digital systems that have become especially important during the Covid-19 epidemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war. The Third Cherkasy City Emergency Hospital implements modern digital technologies of X-ray diagnostics in order to improve the provision of medical care and diagnostics. This study aims at investigating and evaluating the experience of implementing digital X-ray technologies in The Third Cherkasy City Emergency Hospital. \u0000Materials and methods: This study involved analyzing medical records from The Third Cherkasy City Emergency Hospital and conducting individual interviews with eight healthcare professionals, including radiologists, other physicians, and a nurse from the hospital. \u0000Results. Beginning in 2017, due to the decentralization policy and changes in the Cherkassy city administration, there has been a gradual transition of the medical sector, particularly The Third Cherkassy City Emergency Hospital, to modern digital equipment. This transition has significantly enhanced the quality of medical services and streamlined the process of diagnosing and treating patients. The integration of digital X-ray technologies into the hospital's medical practice has expedited the acquisition and processing of X-ray images, reducing labor and time previously spent on film installation and processing. This reduction in personnel and equipment needs has led to cost savings and process optimization. \u0000The implementation of modern X-ray technology has notably improved the efficiency and workflow of hospital staff, facilitating faster and more accurate processing and analysis of X-ray images. The absence of chemical reagents and the utilization of high-quality, clear images have reduced physical and emotional stress among medical personnel. Furthermore, the technology has enabled more effective detection of various diseases at early stages and streamlined emergency care for injured patients. Additionally, the impact of X-ray radiation on both patients and medical staff has decreased. \u0000However, the adoption of digital technologies has brought forth new challenges, such as organizing storage and access to digital archives. Addressing these challenges necessitates additional investments in server equipment and the development of specialized programs. Ensuring the reliability and security of medical information storage is crucial to prevent potential data loss or corruption.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"92 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.268
D.O. Poliakova, O.M. Sharapova
The aim of this study is to investigate sex differences in the coronary system of the heart, considering all relevant consequence, and to compile and analyze the gathered data. Materials and Methods. The authors independently conducted a literature search and selection process using the PubMed database for the review, followed by the generalization of the obtained data. Results. Women exhibit a higher propensity than men for certain cardiovascular diseases, including persistent angina, non-obstructive coronary heart disease, coronary microvascular dysfunction, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, stress cardiomyopathy, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In comparison to men, women typically present with elevated rates of underlying comorbidities, encompassing not only advanced age but also hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic renal failure, peripheral vascular disease, HFpEF, and inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Many of these conditions are linked to diffuse atherosclerosis and microvascular ischemia, with notable parallels between non-obstructive coronary heart disease and coronary microvascular dysfunction. Special attention is paid to patients sharing an increased risk of coronary heart disease events, which is consistent between women and men, except for those with severe coronary flow reserve (CFR) impairment, where women demonstrate an even higher risk. In particular, in cases where CFR impairment is not attributable to obstructive coronary heart disease (precluding revascularization to mitigate cardiovascular risk), there may be justification for a novel therapeutic approach for systemic coronary heart disease management. Cases of severe coronary microvascular dysfunction, often concurrent with non-obstructive coronary heart disease, may indicate a shared mechanism influencing coronary heart disease risk in both genders. This mechanism might involve inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and heightened cardiomyocyte oxygen demand, culminating in microvascular ischemia, myocardial injury, and compromised cardiac function. Conclusions. Enhanced comprehension of the interplay between coronary vasomotor dysfunction and the concomitance of coronary heart disease with other conditions, such as insulin resistance and heart failure, could foster the advancement of novel systemic treatments aimed at leveraging “complete revascularization” more effectively.
{"title":"SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE CORONARY SYSTEM OF THE HUMAN HEART","authors":"D.O. Poliakova, O.M. Sharapova","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.268","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to investigate sex differences in the coronary system of the heart, considering all relevant consequence, and to compile and analyze the gathered data. \u0000Materials and Methods. The authors independently conducted a literature search and selection process using the PubMed database for the review, followed by the generalization of the obtained data. \u0000Results. Women exhibit a higher propensity than men for certain cardiovascular diseases, including persistent angina, non-obstructive coronary heart disease, coronary microvascular dysfunction, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, stress cardiomyopathy, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In comparison to men, women typically present with elevated rates of underlying comorbidities, encompassing not only advanced age but also hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic renal failure, peripheral vascular disease, HFpEF, and inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Many of these conditions are linked to diffuse atherosclerosis and microvascular ischemia, with notable parallels between non-obstructive coronary heart disease and coronary microvascular dysfunction. \u0000Special attention is paid to patients sharing an increased risk of coronary heart disease events, which is consistent between women and men, except for those with severe coronary flow reserve (CFR) impairment, where women demonstrate an even higher risk. In particular, in cases where CFR impairment is not attributable to obstructive coronary heart disease (precluding revascularization to mitigate cardiovascular risk), there may be justification for a novel therapeutic approach for systemic coronary heart disease management. Cases of severe coronary microvascular dysfunction, often concurrent with non-obstructive coronary heart disease, may indicate a shared mechanism influencing coronary heart disease risk in both genders. This mechanism might involve inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and heightened cardiomyocyte oxygen demand, culminating in microvascular ischemia, myocardial injury, and compromised cardiac function. \u0000Conclusions. Enhanced comprehension of the interplay between coronary vasomotor dysfunction and the concomitance of coronary heart disease with other conditions, such as insulin resistance and heart failure, could foster the advancement of novel systemic treatments aimed at leveraging “complete revascularization” more effectively.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"18 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.277
M. Ananieva, G. A. Loban, M. Faustova, Y. Chumak, S.M. Losev
Introduction: In the first part of our review, we highlighted the significant role of the intestinal microbiome for the human body. Its functions can be broadly categorized into three main groups: protective, metabolic, and immune system stimulation. The effectiveness of these functions depends on changes in the specific composition of the human microbiome, influenced by environmental conditions, living conditions, human nutrition, climate, genetics, and other factors. The objective of this work is to provide guidance for doctors, higher education students, and medical interns in understanding the modern intricacies of microbial metabolism in the human gastrointestinal tract. This understanding will enable them to make informed decisions regarding the prescription of microbiome indicators for patients, as well as their subsequent interpretation and correction. Materials and methods. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 61 international literature sources from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search was conducted electronically, and only English-language studies were included. Results. For an objective assessment of the numerous data obtained by using the latest diagnostic methods, scientists have proposed indicators that for convenience are considered in the form of known ratios: Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes, Prevotella / Bacteroides, Fusobacterium nucleatum / Faecalibacterium prausnitzi. The ratio between Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes is the percentage value of the first (Firmicutes) divided by the percentage value of the second (Bacteroidetes) can range from infinity to zero. This ratio usually ranges from 0.1 to 10. The Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio varies widely and depends on gastronomic preferences, metabolic features, and concomitant pathologies. In turn, significant fluctuations in Prevotella /Bacteroides have signs of dysbiosis, which directly correlates with numerous human pathologies. A shift in the ratio of Fusobacterium nucleatum / Faecalibacterium prausnitzii towards the former, according to scientific studies, can be considered one of the screening indicators of early colorectal cancer. Conclusion. When using ratios and markers to evaluate the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and make a diagnosis, it is important to consider not only the intricate relationship between the microflora and the human body, but also the nuances of metabolism within the microbial community. Both aspects are currently undergoing study with revolutionary methods and modern systems, which will ultimately contribute to a deeper understanding of these processes.
{"title":"INDICATORS OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION OF THE GUT COMMENSAL MICROBIOTA AS BIOMARKERS OF HOMEOSTASIS","authors":"M. Ananieva, G. A. Loban, M. Faustova, Y. Chumak, S.M. Losev","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.277","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the first part of our review, we highlighted the significant role of the intestinal microbiome for the human body. Its functions can be broadly categorized into three main groups: protective, metabolic, and immune system stimulation. The effectiveness of these functions depends on changes in the specific composition of the human microbiome, influenced by environmental conditions, living conditions, human nutrition, climate, genetics, and other factors. \u0000The objective of this work is to provide guidance for doctors, higher education students, and medical interns in understanding the modern intricacies of microbial metabolism in the human gastrointestinal tract. This understanding will enable them to make informed decisions regarding the prescription of microbiome indicators for patients, as well as their subsequent interpretation and correction. \u0000Materials and methods. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 61 international literature sources from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search was conducted electronically, and only English-language studies were included. \u0000Results. For an objective assessment of the numerous data obtained by using the latest diagnostic methods, scientists have proposed indicators that for convenience are considered in the form of known ratios: Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes, Prevotella / Bacteroides, Fusobacterium nucleatum / Faecalibacterium prausnitzi. The ratio between Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes is the percentage value of the first (Firmicutes) divided by the percentage value of the second (Bacteroidetes) can range from infinity to zero. This ratio usually ranges from 0.1 to 10. The Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio varies widely and depends on gastronomic preferences, metabolic features, and concomitant pathologies. In turn, significant fluctuations in Prevotella /Bacteroides have signs of dysbiosis, which directly correlates with numerous human pathologies. A shift in the ratio of Fusobacterium nucleatum / Faecalibacterium prausnitzii towards the former, according to scientific studies, can be considered one of the screening indicators of early colorectal cancer. \u0000Conclusion. When using ratios and markers to evaluate the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and make a diagnosis, it is important to consider not only the intricate relationship between the microflora and the human body, but also the nuances of metabolism within the microbial community. Both aspects are currently undergoing study with revolutionary methods and modern systems, which will ultimately contribute to a deeper understanding of these processes.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"31 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.145
V. I. Fedorchenko, G. A. Loban, A. M. Chapala, V. Syvovol, O. Hancho, N. M. Deviatkina
Introduction. Opportunistic infections are often caused by microorganisms that are part of the normal human body microflora. Studying the role of microbiota in infectious pathology and the mechanisms of interaction between opportunistic microorganisms in microbial associations is crucial. Enterococcus faecalis is one such microorganism found in bacterial associations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of detecting E. faecalis in monoculture and as part of associations, the qualitative and quantitative composition of these associations, and the analysis of the variability in the pathogen’s susceptibility to antibiotics. Results and discussion. Out of 123 samples studied, Enterococcus bacteria were cultured in 38 cases, accounting for 30.9%. E. faecalis was isolated in monoculture in only 24.2% of all cultures of this species. Moreover, it was isolated in clinically significant concentrations (≥105 bacterial cells per 1 ml of the studied material) in only four out of eight cases. There is a difference in the susceptibility of cultures for groups of isolates where the concentration of microorganisms in the test material is <105 and ≥105 microbial cells per 1 ml. Conclusion. E. faecalis was present in 26.8% of isolates obtained from patients in the surgical department with purulent-inflammatory diseases. E. faecalis is mainly found in microbial associations. The susceptibility of E. faecalis to most of the antibiotics used in the study is higher in the group of isolates where this species of microorganism was present in concentrations equal to or higher than 105 microbial cells per 1 ml of the test material.
{"title":"ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS AS AN ETIOLOGICAL FACTOR OF PURULENT PROCESSES IN SURGICAL PATIENTS: ANALYSIS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL RESEARCH RESULTS","authors":"V. I. Fedorchenko, G. A. Loban, A. M. Chapala, V. Syvovol, O. Hancho, N. M. Deviatkina","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.145","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Opportunistic infections are often caused by microorganisms that are part of the normal human body microflora. Studying the role of microbiota in infectious pathology and the mechanisms of interaction between opportunistic microorganisms in microbial associations is crucial. Enterococcus faecalis is one such microorganism found in bacterial associations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of detecting E. faecalis in monoculture and as part of associations, the qualitative and quantitative composition of these associations, and the analysis of the variability in the pathogen’s susceptibility to antibiotics. Results and discussion. Out of 123 samples studied, Enterococcus bacteria were cultured in 38 cases, accounting for 30.9%. E. faecalis was isolated in monoculture in only 24.2% of all cultures of this species. Moreover, it was isolated in clinically significant concentrations (≥105 bacterial cells per 1 ml of the studied material) in only four out of eight cases. There is a difference in the susceptibility of cultures for groups of isolates where the concentration of microorganisms in the test material is <105 and ≥105 microbial cells per 1 ml. Conclusion. E. faecalis was present in 26.8% of isolates obtained from patients in the surgical department with purulent-inflammatory diseases. E. faecalis is mainly found in microbial associations. The susceptibility of E. faecalis to most of the antibiotics used in the study is higher in the group of isolates where this species of microorganism was present in concentrations equal to or higher than 105 microbial cells per 1 ml of the test material.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"99 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.60
I.S. Reshetniak
The prevalence of mycotic infections of the paranasal sinuses is constantly increasing worldwide. Pathogens can enter the sinuses through the respiratory tract that leads to the colonization of microorganisms in both the lungs and paranasal sinuses as part of the normal microflora. The presence of filamentous fungi in the maxillary sinus may result from endodontic treatment of molars directly adjacent to the sinus, increasing the risk of fungal foci development. Fungal paranasal sinusitis manifests in invasive or non-invasive forms. While mycological culture remains the traditional gold standard for mycosis diagnosis, its sensitivity is reportedly low. Paranasal sinus cysts comprise 4-8% of general ENT pathologies and approximately 4-16% of chronic paranasal sinus diseases, with a predominant presence in the maxillary sinus. Factors that contribute to the development of sinusitis and create favorable conditions for fungal spore adhesion and growth include impaired ventilation and transport function of the sinus mucosa, inadequate use of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs and steroid therapy, as well as household factors. Recently, there has been an increase in the number of cases of multiple small cysts in maxillary sinuses. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic incidental findings to varying degrees of discomfort and/or pain localized in the maxillary sinus area. The aim of this study is to identify the involvement of a fungal agent and to develop a set of therapeutic and prophylactic measures for polymicrocystic changes in the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinuses. The study enrolled 37 patients aged 18 to 65 years. Atypical cystic content was collected and cultured in Sabouraud's nutrient broth and Amies transport medium at 35-37°C for 5-7 days, with final measurements on day 21. Treatment involved a 14-day regimen of itraconazole (100 mg once daily) alongside topical miramistin (0.01% solution, 2 ml) sinus injections. The findings obtained demonstrate the following: positive fungal growth was observed in 26 cases (70.3%), predominantly Penicillium (48.6%) and Aspergillus (21.6%). Absence of growth was noted in 11 cases (29.7%). Follow-up examinations in 6 months and in a year revealed no crusts in the nasal cavity, moderate mucous discharge in the sinuses, and no polymicrocystic changes. Conclusion. The analysis has demonstrated the involvement of fungal flora in the development and recurrence of cystic changes in the maxillary sinus mucosa, advocating for mycological examination alongside bacteriological analysis. Itraconazole for systemic therapy and miramistin for topical therapy demonstrate efficacy in treatment and recurrence prevention.
{"title":"MYCOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CYSTIC CONTENT IN PATIENTS WITH POLYMICROCYSTIC CHANGES OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS MUCOSA","authors":"I.S. Reshetniak","doi":"10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.24.2.60","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of mycotic infections of the paranasal sinuses is constantly increasing worldwide. Pathogens can enter the sinuses through the respiratory tract that leads to the colonization of microorganisms in both the lungs and paranasal sinuses as part of the normal microflora. The presence of filamentous fungi in the maxillary sinus may result from endodontic treatment of molars directly adjacent to the sinus, increasing the risk of fungal foci development. Fungal paranasal sinusitis manifests in invasive or non-invasive forms. While mycological culture remains the traditional gold standard for mycosis diagnosis, its sensitivity is reportedly low. Paranasal sinus cysts comprise 4-8% of general ENT pathologies and approximately 4-16% of chronic paranasal sinus diseases, with a predominant presence in the maxillary sinus. Factors that contribute to the development of sinusitis and create favorable conditions for fungal spore adhesion and growth include impaired ventilation and transport function of the sinus mucosa, inadequate use of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs and steroid therapy, as well as household factors. Recently, there has been an increase in the number of cases of multiple small cysts in maxillary sinuses. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic incidental findings to varying degrees of discomfort and/or pain localized in the maxillary sinus area. The aim of this study is to identify the involvement of a fungal agent and to develop a set of therapeutic and prophylactic measures for polymicrocystic changes in the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinuses. The study enrolled 37 patients aged 18 to 65 years. Atypical cystic content was collected and cultured in Sabouraud's nutrient broth and Amies transport medium at 35-37°C for 5-7 days, with final measurements on day 21. Treatment involved a 14-day regimen of itraconazole (100 mg once daily) alongside topical miramistin (0.01% solution, 2 ml) sinus injections. The findings obtained demonstrate the following: positive fungal growth was observed in 26 cases (70.3%), predominantly Penicillium (48.6%) and Aspergillus (21.6%). Absence of growth was noted in 11 cases (29.7%). Follow-up examinations in 6 months and in a year revealed no crusts in the nasal cavity, moderate mucous discharge in the sinuses, and no polymicrocystic changes. Conclusion. The analysis has demonstrated the involvement of fungal flora in the development and recurrence of cystic changes in the maxillary sinus mucosa, advocating for mycological examination alongside bacteriological analysis. Itraconazole for systemic therapy and miramistin for topical therapy demonstrate efficacy in treatment and recurrence prevention.","PeriodicalId":24028,"journal":{"name":"Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії","volume":"32 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141118894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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