Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581769
D. Robinson
The design of complex systems is difficult at best, but as a design becomes intensively dependent on the computer processing of external and internal information, the design process quickly borders chaos. This situation is exacerbated with the requirement that these systems operate with a minimal quantity of information, generally corrupted by noise, regarding the current state of the system. Establishing performance requirements for such systems is particularly difficult. This paper briefly sketches a general systems design approach with emphasis on the design of computer based decision processing systems subject to parameter and environmental variation. The approach will be demonstrated with application to an on-board diagnostic (OBD) system for automotive emissions systems now mandated by the state of California and the Federal Clean Air Act. The emphasis is on developing approach for establishing probabilistically based performance requirements for computer based systems.
{"title":"Establishing performance requirements of computer based systems subject to uncertainty","authors":"D. Robinson","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581769","url":null,"abstract":"The design of complex systems is difficult at best, but as a design becomes intensively dependent on the computer processing of external and internal information, the design process quickly borders chaos. This situation is exacerbated with the requirement that these systems operate with a minimal quantity of information, generally corrupted by noise, regarding the current state of the system. Establishing performance requirements for such systems is particularly difficult. This paper briefly sketches a general systems design approach with emphasis on the design of computer based decision processing systems subject to parameter and environmental variation. The approach will be demonstrated with application to an on-board diagnostic (OBD) system for automotive emissions systems now mandated by the state of California and the Federal Clean Air Act. The emphasis is on developing approach for establishing probabilistically based performance requirements for computer based systems.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124797810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581850
F. Bordeleau, R. Buhr
A major problem we humans have in the engineering of complex, computer-based systems is understanding and defining how the required behaviour of a whole system is to be achieved by its components, without becoming lost in component-centric details such as internal state machines and intercomponent messages. This paper proposes and illustrates a modelling methodology for overcoming such problem that proceeds, in a systematic and traceable manner, from UCM models (use case maps), to MSC models (message sequence charts), to ROOM-style communicating-state-machine models. For concreteness in a limited space, the method is illustrated by a simple example that is not representative of the complex kinds of systems we have in mind.
{"title":"UCM-ROOM modelling: from use case maps to communicating state machines","authors":"F. Bordeleau, R. Buhr","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581850","url":null,"abstract":"A major problem we humans have in the engineering of complex, computer-based systems is understanding and defining how the required behaviour of a whole system is to be achieved by its components, without becoming lost in component-centric details such as internal state machines and intercomponent messages. This paper proposes and illustrates a modelling methodology for overcoming such problem that proceeds, in a systematic and traceable manner, from UCM models (use case maps), to MSC models (message sequence charts), to ROOM-style communicating-state-machine models. For concreteness in a limited space, the method is illustrated by a simple example that is not representative of the complex kinds of systems we have in mind.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132329359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581763
L. James
Most systems engineering activities initially start out with early or draft version of various customer or company specifications written in popular desktop publishing tool formats (e.g. Interleaf, Framemaker and Word). Using the more advanced requirements and traceability management (RTM) tools (which are embedded directly into these desktop publishing systems) information relevant to the project can then be "captured" from these documents into the tool's requirements repository for audit trail, engineering and traceability purposes. Then typically, several months later (after much systems engineering activity, requirements editing/decomposition/focusing, CASE tool modelling and through lifecycle traceability creation) updated copies of these documents are received. This then severely disrupts the flow of the project as much nugatory manual re-work has to be done in the form of change identification, impact analysis and consistency checking between the systems engineering work carried out so far in the project database and the latest information in the updated documents. The paper examines the issues involved in automatic document update processing from a requirements and traceability management tool perspective. The paper does not make any major assumptions about the reader's knowledge of any particular requirements management tool, although familiarity with general RTM operational philosophy concepts would be of benefit.
{"title":"Automatic requirements specification update processing from a requirements management tool perspective","authors":"L. James","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581763","url":null,"abstract":"Most systems engineering activities initially start out with early or draft version of various customer or company specifications written in popular desktop publishing tool formats (e.g. Interleaf, Framemaker and Word). Using the more advanced requirements and traceability management (RTM) tools (which are embedded directly into these desktop publishing systems) information relevant to the project can then be \"captured\" from these documents into the tool's requirements repository for audit trail, engineering and traceability purposes. Then typically, several months later (after much systems engineering activity, requirements editing/decomposition/focusing, CASE tool modelling and through lifecycle traceability creation) updated copies of these documents are received. This then severely disrupts the flow of the project as much nugatory manual re-work has to be done in the form of change identification, impact analysis and consistency checking between the systems engineering work carried out so far in the project database and the latest information in the updated documents. The paper examines the issues involved in automatic document update processing from a requirements and traceability management tool perspective. The paper does not make any major assumptions about the reader's knowledge of any particular requirements management tool, although familiarity with general RTM operational philosophy concepts would be of benefit.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131332913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581846
B. Purves
An intermediate language (Alfonse: A Language For the New System Engineering) which formally expresses the operations of system engineering has been developed. Alfonse has been implemented in a personal computer environment and used to bridge the gap between human interface aspects of system engineering tools and their operational and data management aspects. This approach greatly increases the possibility of tool interoperability, with the consequential potential for large increases in system engineering productivity.
一种正式表达系统工程操作的中间语言(Alfonse: A language For the New System Engineering)已经被开发出来。Alfonse已在个人计算机环境中实现，并用于弥合系统工程工具的人机界面方面与其操作和数据管理方面之间的差距。这种方法极大地增加了工具互操作性的可能性，从而有可能大幅度提高系统工程的生产力。
{"title":"An intermediate language for system engineering","authors":"B. Purves","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581846","url":null,"abstract":"An intermediate language (Alfonse: A Language For the New System Engineering) which formally expresses the operations of system engineering has been developed. Alfonse has been implemented in a personal computer environment and used to bridge the gap between human interface aspects of system engineering tools and their operational and data management aspects. This approach greatly increases the possibility of tool interoperability, with the consequential potential for large increases in system engineering productivity.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116395743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581865
A. Borshchev, Y. Karpov, Victor Roudakov
The authors consider a modeling language and simulation environment based on object-oriented principles aimed to help in the design of reactive systems. The language framework includes diagrams of object structure and interconnection, statecharts as a behavior description, and C++ for data objects and functions. Timed transition systems are used as a semantic model. COVERS enables the user to perform the whole modeling-simulation-analysis cycle within a single MS Windows-based graphical environment. They overview the code generation, model execution and visualization of results. The correspondence between the COVERS language and the unified notation is outlined.
{"title":"Systems modeling, simulation and analysis using COVERS active objects","authors":"A. Borshchev, Y. Karpov, Victor Roudakov","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581865","url":null,"abstract":"The authors consider a modeling language and simulation environment based on object-oriented principles aimed to help in the design of reactive systems. The language framework includes diagrams of object structure and interconnection, statecharts as a behavior description, and C++ for data objects and functions. Timed transition systems are used as a semantic model. COVERS enables the user to perform the whole modeling-simulation-analysis cycle within a single MS Windows-based graphical environment. They overview the code generation, model execution and visualization of results. The correspondence between the COVERS language and the unified notation is outlined.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134399338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581841
N. Geddes
Large-scale computer models of intentions have the potential to play a significant role in the coordination of large, complex macro-systems. By representing the intentions of all participants in a unified, dynamic, real-time computer model, participants can detect conflicts between their activities and those of others. In a cooperating macro-system, participants can improve overall performance by adapting their activities to reduce conflict and enhance cooperation. In adversarial macrosystems, such as military combat, tracking the intentions of friendly and hostile forces can provide enhanced counter-planning and response execution. This paper provides a brief view of the current progress in constructing and testing large scale models of intent based on recent manned simulation experiments and demonstrations.
{"title":"Large scale models of cooperative and hostile intentions","authors":"N. Geddes","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581841","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale computer models of intentions have the potential to play a significant role in the coordination of large, complex macro-systems. By representing the intentions of all participants in a unified, dynamic, real-time computer model, participants can detect conflicts between their activities and those of others. In a cooperating macro-system, participants can improve overall performance by adapting their activities to reduce conflict and enhance cooperation. In adversarial macrosystems, such as military combat, tracking the intentions of friendly and hostile forces can provide enhanced counter-planning and response execution. This paper provides a brief view of the current progress in constructing and testing large scale models of intent based on recent manned simulation experiments and demonstrations.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133851498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581770
P. Hruschka
For a long time the importance of requirements has been underestimated. In many software engineering methods they were just the raw material that was used to build analysis and design models. The emphasis was on these models, not the requirements. Over the last few years requirements engineering has become a serious discipline with its own body of knowledge, its own conferences and publications. This paper discusses requirements in the context of systems. It classifies and categorizes them and defines processes to bring them to a level that is useable in modern system development methods.
{"title":"Detailing and deriving system requirements","authors":"P. Hruschka","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581770","url":null,"abstract":"For a long time the importance of requirements has been underestimated. In many software engineering methods they were just the raw material that was used to build analysis and design models. The emphasis was on these models, not the requirements. Over the last few years requirements engineering has become a serious discipline with its own body of knowledge, its own conferences and publications. This paper discusses requirements in the context of systems. It classifies and categorizes them and defines processes to bring them to a level that is useable in modern system development methods.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132832614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581857
E. Long, A. Misra
In a competitive market, manufacturing enterprises require a process of continuous on-going improvement in order to maintain and enhance productivity and a competitive edge. The use of Information Systems (IS) has been increasingly playing a critical role in any such engineering process. The primary drivers are efficiency and quality increase through automation facilitation of better business processes and improved decision making. The engineering process involves use of an IS for collection of relevant production data, visualization, analysis and decision making. Many problems and issues relating to the design, development, integration, evolution and maintenance of ISs in large-scale and complex plants have become apparent which are not adequately addressed by the traditional Process Monitoring and Control (PM&C) systems. Model Integrated Computing (MIC) offers a feasible approach towards providing cost-effective development, integration, evolution and maintenance of ISs through the extensive use of models during the life cycle. This paper describes the application of MIC in the engineering process for improving productivity in the context of discrete manufacturing operations at Saturn. The Saturn Site Production Flow (SSPF) system is a client-server application, designed to provide an integrated problem-solving environment. It presents consistent and pertinent information, provides analysis and decision support services that are needed for informed decision making by the team members and leaders within Saturn.
在竞争激烈的市场中，制造企业需要一个持续改进的过程，以保持和提高生产率和竞争优势。信息系统(IS)的使用在任何此类工程过程中都日益发挥着关键作用。主要驱动因素是通过自动化促进更好的业务流程和改进决策来提高效率和质量。工程过程包括使用信息系统收集相关生产数据、可视化、分析和决策。在大型和复杂的工厂中，与ISs的设计、开发、集成、演变和维护相关的许多问题和问题已经变得明显，而传统的过程监测和控制(PM&C)系统无法充分解决这些问题。模型集成计算(MIC)提供了一种可行的方法，通过在生命周期中广泛使用模型来提供具有成本效益的ISs开发、集成、演进和维护。本文描述了MIC在工程过程中的应用，以提高土星离散制造业务的生产率。Saturn Site Production Flow (SSPF)系统是一个客户机-服务器应用程序，旨在提供集成的问题解决环境。它提供一致和相关的信息，提供分析和决策支持服务，需要由团队成员和领导人在土星知情决策。
{"title":"A model-based engineering process for increasing productivity in discrete manufacturing","authors":"E. Long, A. Misra","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581857","url":null,"abstract":"In a competitive market, manufacturing enterprises require a process of continuous on-going improvement in order to maintain and enhance productivity and a competitive edge. The use of Information Systems (IS) has been increasingly playing a critical role in any such engineering process. The primary drivers are efficiency and quality increase through automation facilitation of better business processes and improved decision making. The engineering process involves use of an IS for collection of relevant production data, visualization, analysis and decision making. Many problems and issues relating to the design, development, integration, evolution and maintenance of ISs in large-scale and complex plants have become apparent which are not adequately addressed by the traditional Process Monitoring and Control (PM&C) systems. Model Integrated Computing (MIC) offers a feasible approach towards providing cost-effective development, integration, evolution and maintenance of ISs through the extensive use of models during the life cycle. This paper describes the application of MIC in the engineering process for improving productivity in the context of discrete manufacturing operations at Saturn. The Saturn Site Production Flow (SSPF) system is a client-server application, designed to provide an integrated problem-solving environment. It presents consistent and pertinent information, provides analysis and decision support services that are needed for informed decision making by the team members and leaders within Saturn.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130546346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581775
A. Lodeczi
Parallel computer architectures based on such processors as the Texas Instruments TMS320C40, or the Analog Devices ADSP21060, are characterized by high performance and I/O bandwidth, flexible topology and low cost making them ideal for embedded parallel signal processing and instrumentation applications. However, the software of such systems is difficult to manage by conventional software engineering methods because of the complexity of the large-scale parallel application and the flexibility of the hardware topology. This paper discusses the adoption of a model-integrated programming environment, the Multigraph Architecture (MGA), to this domain. By using the MGA, the parallel application is automatically synthesized from high-level system models and assigned to the available network of processors.
{"title":"Model-integrated parallel application synthesis","authors":"A. Lodeczi","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581775","url":null,"abstract":"Parallel computer architectures based on such processors as the Texas Instruments TMS320C40, or the Analog Devices ADSP21060, are characterized by high performance and I/O bandwidth, flexible topology and low cost making them ideal for embedded parallel signal processing and instrumentation applications. However, the software of such systems is difficult to manage by conventional software engineering methods because of the complexity of the large-scale parallel application and the flexibility of the hardware topology. This paper discusses the adoption of a model-integrated programming environment, the Multigraph Architecture (MGA), to this domain. By using the MGA, the parallel application is automatically synthesized from high-level system models and assigned to the available network of processors.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132378876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581889
N. Karangelen, S. Howell
Advanced military and large scale commercial systems are getting bigger and more complex as we approach the 21st century. A new systems engineering paradigm which employs simulation and modeling capabilities may provide significant opportunities to reduce cost, schedule and risk in the development of large complex systems. The central feature of a simulation based systems engineering paradigm is an advanced systems engineering environment which supports synthesis, capture, analysis, simulation and optimization of complex system designs. The focus of this paper is a description of a high level architecture for such an environment. The essential components of an advanced distributed complex systems engineering (ADCSE) environment are partitioned into five categories: generic computing infrastructure; ADCSE specific schema; the capability to support execution of distributed simulations; application specific tools; and design libraries of reusable components.
{"title":"High level architecture for an advanced distributed complex systems engineering environment","authors":"N. Karangelen, S. Howell","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581889","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced military and large scale commercial systems are getting bigger and more complex as we approach the 21st century. A new systems engineering paradigm which employs simulation and modeling capabilities may provide significant opportunities to reduce cost, schedule and risk in the development of large complex systems. The central feature of a simulation based systems engineering paradigm is an advanced systems engineering environment which supports synthesis, capture, analysis, simulation and optimization of complex system designs. The focus of this paper is a description of a high level architecture for such an environment. The essential components of an advanced distributed complex systems engineering (ADCSE) environment are partitioned into five categories: generic computing infrastructure; ADCSE specific schema; the capability to support execution of distributed simulations; application specific tools; and design libraries of reusable components.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125835594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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