Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581899
D. Mulcare
Software system complexity needs to be viewed from the perspectives of both the design product and the design process. In typical practice, design products appear quite overly complex relative to the capabilities provided. Frequently, system designs seem to exhibit a large degree of unwarranted complexity. On the other hand, system-level design methods are usually lacking in complexity relative to the challenge of essential design tasks. In consequence, too many design commitments are made without adequate bases, out of proper order, or by default. The result of such design commitments is a combination of unwarranted complexity and compromised system capabilities. Two other distinctions that also need to be acknowledged are the differences between: functional architecture and architectural design; and system requirements and system specifications. Distinctions are usually not observed in development processes that are dismissive of the nature and ramifications of proper system-level design. Here, the dilution of the system design effort tends to compromise the design product, because many of the major design commitments are made in the absence of a precisely defined architectural design. Whether soundly based or not, these early-on commitments continue to profoundly affect product construction and complexity throughout development. Accordingly, it is vital to invest in rigorous system-level design methods and practices. They can engender coherence, and hence mitigate complexity in design products and disorder in later stages of development.
{"title":"Striving for coherency to mitigate the complexity of system design","authors":"D. Mulcare","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581899","url":null,"abstract":"Software system complexity needs to be viewed from the perspectives of both the design product and the design process. In typical practice, design products appear quite overly complex relative to the capabilities provided. Frequently, system designs seem to exhibit a large degree of unwarranted complexity. On the other hand, system-level design methods are usually lacking in complexity relative to the challenge of essential design tasks. In consequence, too many design commitments are made without adequate bases, out of proper order, or by default. The result of such design commitments is a combination of unwarranted complexity and compromised system capabilities. Two other distinctions that also need to be acknowledged are the differences between: functional architecture and architectural design; and system requirements and system specifications. Distinctions are usually not observed in development processes that are dismissive of the nature and ramifications of proper system-level design. Here, the dilution of the system design effort tends to compromise the design product, because many of the major design commitments are made in the absence of a precisely defined architectural design. Whether soundly based or not, these early-on commitments continue to profoundly affect product construction and complexity throughout development. Accordingly, it is vital to invest in rigorous system-level design methods and practices. They can engender coherence, and hence mitigate complexity in design products and disorder in later stages of development.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130523969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581926
R. Evans, S. Park, H. Alberts
Recognizing the stated aims of the engineering of computer-based systems (ECBS) discipline namely the design, development deployment, and analysis of complex systems whose behavior is, to a substantial degree, determined or controlled by computers, the proposal is that the term [and the associated process] of "requirements" be replaced with "decisions" and a decision process. Requirements, by definition, mandate a flow that originates with the senior and are directed unilaterally to the junior: "I require this of you." The decision process is exactly the opposite in both flow and participation. Rather than unilateral direction to the junior that is originated by the senior, decisions are choices by the senior resulting from united consideration with the junior of the latter's nominated set of alternatives. "I select the following as a result of our mutual consideration of the options and associated assessments and recommendations you have provided.".
{"title":"Decisions not requirements: decision-centered engineering of computer-based systems","authors":"R. Evans, S. Park, H. Alberts","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581926","url":null,"abstract":"Recognizing the stated aims of the engineering of computer-based systems (ECBS) discipline namely the design, development deployment, and analysis of complex systems whose behavior is, to a substantial degree, determined or controlled by computers, the proposal is that the term [and the associated process] of \"requirements\" be replaced with \"decisions\" and a decision process. Requirements, by definition, mandate a flow that originates with the senior and are directed unilaterally to the junior: \"I require this of you.\" The decision process is exactly the opposite in both flow and participation. Rather than unilateral direction to the junior that is originated by the senior, decisions are choices by the senior resulting from united consideration with the junior of the latter's nominated set of alternatives. \"I select the following as a result of our mutual consideration of the options and associated assessments and recommendations you have provided.\".","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123877424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581919
J. Rozenblit, Christine Kocourek
This paper presents concepts for computer aided support of engineering processes. We briefly discuss the basic tenets of the engineering enterprise and fundamental design and analysis techniques. Then, process modeling definitions are given and extended to encompass engineering process capture. An architecture is introduced that comprises executive, coordination, and execution layers, intended to provide an information system infrastructure for computer assisted support of engineering activities.
{"title":"Concepts for computer assisted engineering process management","authors":"J. Rozenblit, Christine Kocourek","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581919","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents concepts for computer aided support of engineering processes. We briefly discuss the basic tenets of the engineering enterprise and fundamental design and analysis techniques. Then, process modeling definitions are given and extended to encompass engineering process capture. An architecture is introduced that comprises executive, coordination, and execution layers, intended to provide an information system infrastructure for computer assisted support of engineering activities.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114697583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581859
A. Misra, G. Karsai, J. Sztipanovits, Á. Lédeczi, M. Moore, E. Long
The use of information systems (IS) has been increasingly playing a critical role towards enhancing productivity and throughput in manufacturing enterprises. The primary drivers are efficiency and quality increase through automation, facilitation of better business processes and improved decision making. Many problems and issues relating to the design, development, integration, evolution and maintenance of ISs in large-scale and complex plants have become apparent which are not adequately addressed by the traditional Process Monitoring and Control (PM&C) systems. Model-Integrated Computing (MIC) offers a feasible approach towards providing cost-effective development, integration, evolution and maintenance of ISs through the extensive use of plant models. This paper describes an application of MIC in providing a problem-solving environment and decision support tool in the context of discrete manufacturing operations at Saturn. The Saturn Site Production Flow (SSPF) system is a client-server application, designed to provide consistent and pertinent information, analysis and decision support services that are needed for informed decision making.
{"title":"A model-integrated information system for increasing throughput in discrete manufacturing","authors":"A. Misra, G. Karsai, J. Sztipanovits, Á. Lédeczi, M. Moore, E. Long","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581859","url":null,"abstract":"The use of information systems (IS) has been increasingly playing a critical role towards enhancing productivity and throughput in manufacturing enterprises. The primary drivers are efficiency and quality increase through automation, facilitation of better business processes and improved decision making. Many problems and issues relating to the design, development, integration, evolution and maintenance of ISs in large-scale and complex plants have become apparent which are not adequately addressed by the traditional Process Monitoring and Control (PM&C) systems. Model-Integrated Computing (MIC) offers a feasible approach towards providing cost-effective development, integration, evolution and maintenance of ISs through the extensive use of plant models. This paper describes an application of MIC in providing a problem-solving environment and decision support tool in the context of discrete manufacturing operations at Saturn. The Saturn Site Production Flow (SSPF) system is a client-server application, designed to provide consistent and pertinent information, analysis and decision support services that are needed for informed decision making.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129948830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581880
P. Altenbernd
CHaRy is a software system to support the synthesis of periodic controller applications, where hard real-time conditions must be guaranteed for software tasks. Due to complexity reasons, CHaRy decomposes the overall problem of implementing periodic controllers on parallel embedded computers to sub-problem partitioning, timing analysis, allocation and schedulability analysis. This rigorous decomposition is relatively new for hard real-time software. Since CHaRy takes into account both the embedded controller applications as well as the encompassing system, the engineering of computer based systems (ECBS) is supported. Since all these sub-problems are still of huge complexity, CHaRy provides efficient heuristics for all these subjects. Hence CHaRy supports the mapping of controller models (implemented by C code) to a number of tasks (partitioning), the extraction of their computation times (timing analysis), and their assignment to a processor network (allocation), so that all hard real-time conditions are guaranteed (schedulability analysis). The paper provides an overview of the system, supported by many examples.
{"title":"CHaRy: the C-LAB hard real-time system to support mechatronical design","authors":"P. Altenbernd","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581880","url":null,"abstract":"CHaRy is a software system to support the synthesis of periodic controller applications, where hard real-time conditions must be guaranteed for software tasks. Due to complexity reasons, CHaRy decomposes the overall problem of implementing periodic controllers on parallel embedded computers to sub-problem partitioning, timing analysis, allocation and schedulability analysis. This rigorous decomposition is relatively new for hard real-time software. Since CHaRy takes into account both the embedded controller applications as well as the encompassing system, the engineering of computer based systems (ECBS) is supported. Since all these sub-problems are still of huge complexity, CHaRy provides efficient heuristics for all these subjects. Hence CHaRy supports the mapping of controller models (implemented by C code) to a number of tasks (partitioning), the extraction of their computation times (timing analysis), and their assignment to a processor network (allocation), so that all hard real-time conditions are guaranteed (schedulability analysis). The paper provides an overview of the system, supported by many examples.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130445649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581915
D. Yoon
Computers have been employed as the controllers of various systems. Designing and implementing control software for complex systems requires the precise definition of a system and the methods of specifying how the system is to be designed and implemented. In this paper four system design approaches, functional, process-based, object-oriented, and net-based, are reviewed concentrating on their views of a system, design languages, and graphical design tools. Each methodology introduces its own notion of a system, a system design language, and a graphical design tool. Generalizing the four views of a system, an open system is defined as a net of objects interacting with its own environment. Then system design languages and graphical design tools are considered in the category theoretical context. As an application, an interactive system design tool called OBJ-NET is introduced at the end.
{"title":"A survey of system design methodologies","authors":"D. Yoon","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581915","url":null,"abstract":"Computers have been employed as the controllers of various systems. Designing and implementing control software for complex systems requires the precise definition of a system and the methods of specifying how the system is to be designed and implemented. In this paper four system design approaches, functional, process-based, object-oriented, and net-based, are reviewed concentrating on their views of a system, design languages, and graphical design tools. Each methodology introduces its own notion of a system, a system design language, and a graphical design tool. Generalizing the four views of a system, an open system is defined as a net of objects interacting with its own environment. Then system design languages and graphical design tools are considered in the category theoretical context. As an application, an interactive system design tool called OBJ-NET is introduced at the end.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133337414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581929
B. Kasztenny, E. Rosolowski
The paper presents a digital protective relay as a complex real-time microprocessor system. From this point of view the basic hardware and software structures and functions of a digital relay have been described and classified.
{"title":"A digital protective relay as a real-time microprocessor system","authors":"B. Kasztenny, E. Rosolowski","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581929","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a digital protective relay as a complex real-time microprocessor system. From this point of view the basic hardware and software structures and functions of a digital relay have been described and classified.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130531970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581895
J. Rozenblit
This statement introduces the ECBS Complexity panel. It provides a framework for a debate on the complexity of the ECBS (engineering of computer based systems) process and its products. We attempt to address the questions of what constitutes complexity, how to measure it, and how to provide engineering techniques that can handle its effects.
{"title":"Process and systems complexity","authors":"J. Rozenblit","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581895","url":null,"abstract":"This statement introduces the ECBS Complexity panel. It provides a framework for a debate on the complexity of the ECBS (engineering of computer based systems) process and its products. We attempt to address the questions of what constitutes complexity, how to measure it, and how to provide engineering techniques that can handle its effects.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117154083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581937
B. Purves
Design of very large complex systems is in trouble. Of course, that's the way it should be. A system would not deserve to be called very large and complex if it were not right at the edge of the humanly possible. In order to move on to the next level of human engineering achievement we must diagnose our present sticking points and find new ways to do things better.
{"title":"System design with models","authors":"B. Purves","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581937","url":null,"abstract":"Design of very large complex systems is in trouble. Of course, that's the way it should be. A system would not deserve to be called very large and complex if it were not right at the edge of the humanly possible. In order to move on to the next level of human engineering achievement we must diagnose our present sticking points and find new ways to do things better.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125414063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581788
J. Z. Lavi, B. Melhart, I. Pyle
The paper describes characteristics of Engineering of Computer-Based Systems (ECBS), a newly recognized discipline, and the need for formal undergraduate and graduate level education of engineers in this discipline. The tasks to be undertaken by ECBS engineers are outlined. They form the requirements for the preparation of the ECBS Master program. The paper describes in detail the suggested courses required in such a program and some of the problems encountered in their development. The suggested courses, in a tailored version can be incorporated in undergraduate ECBS programs and industrial training programs. The proposed ECBS master program is being developed by the Education and Training Working Group of the IEEE Computer Society ECBS Technical Committee.
{"title":"Engineering of computer-based systems-a proposed curriculum for a degree program at Master level","authors":"J. Z. Lavi, B. Melhart, I. Pyle","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581788","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes characteristics of Engineering of Computer-Based Systems (ECBS), a newly recognized discipline, and the need for formal undergraduate and graduate level education of engineers in this discipline. The tasks to be undertaken by ECBS engineers are outlined. They form the requirements for the preparation of the ECBS Master program. The paper describes in detail the suggested courses required in such a program and some of the problems encountered in their development. The suggested courses, in a tailored version can be incorporated in undergraduate ECBS programs and industrial training programs. The proposed ECBS master program is being developed by the Education and Training Working Group of the IEEE Computer Society ECBS Technical Committee.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130322931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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