Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581813
S. Schulz, J. Rozenblit, K. Buchenrieder
In this paper, the domain of automotive safety is addressed. A specific application, i.e., autonomous, intelligent cruise controller, is selected. Model-based techniques which facilitate implementation independent specification and design of such a system are discussed. A set of systems requirements, the underlying object and behavioral models are given. In conclusion, postulates are discussed for the physical realization of the presented application.
{"title":"Towards an application of model-based codesign: an autonomous, intelligent cruise controller","authors":"S. Schulz, J. Rozenblit, K. Buchenrieder","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581813","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the domain of automotive safety is addressed. A specific application, i.e., autonomous, intelligent cruise controller, is selected. Model-based techniques which facilitate implementation independent specification and design of such a system are discussed. A set of systems requirements, the underlying object and behavioral models are given. In conclusion, postulates are discussed for the physical realization of the presented application.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130036741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581835
M. Barnes
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the theoretical and operational considerations for knowledge representation using process-centered display concepts for modern military applications. The command and control environment of an Army maneuver brigade is described in enough detail to establish its inherent complexity. Theoretical models of human knowledge are contrasted to perceptual principles of display representation and the importance of process knowledge for command decision making is discussed. After defining the elements of a process-centered display environment, a general experimental framework is proposed to ensure the scientific validity as well as the operational usefulness of the display concepts being developed.
{"title":"Process centered displays and cognitive models for command applications","authors":"M. Barnes","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581835","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to discuss the theoretical and operational considerations for knowledge representation using process-centered display concepts for modern military applications. The command and control environment of an Army maneuver brigade is described in enough detail to establish its inherent complexity. Theoretical models of human knowledge are contrasted to perceptual principles of display representation and the importance of process knowledge for command decision making is discussed. After defining the elements of a process-centered display environment, a general experimental framework is proposed to ensure the scientific validity as well as the operational usefulness of the display concepts being developed.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124714187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581931
T. Bapty, J. Sztipanovits
Instrumentation systems appear in nearly every field of complex systems development. Typically, the instrumentation system mirrors the complexity of the system being measured. In addition, the performance requirements force the instrumentation into a parallel real-time implementation. This paper describes a development environment, the Multigraph Architecture (MGA) for the development of complex instrumentation systems. Using the MGA, the aspects of the parallel system are modeled in multiple aspects, representing resources, requirements, and algorithms. The instrumentation system is automatically synthesized from high-level system models.
{"title":"Model-based engineering of large-scale real-time systems","authors":"T. Bapty, J. Sztipanovits","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581931","url":null,"abstract":"Instrumentation systems appear in nearly every field of complex systems development. Typically, the instrumentation system mirrors the complexity of the system being measured. In addition, the performance requirements force the instrumentation into a parallel real-time implementation. This paper describes a development environment, the Multigraph Architecture (MGA) for the development of complex instrumentation systems. Using the MGA, the aspects of the parallel system are modeled in multiple aspects, representing resources, requirements, and algorithms. The instrumentation system is automatically synthesized from high-level system models.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122508721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581941
J. Sztipanovits
Among the most significant technological developments of the last two decades has been the proliferation of computer-based systems (CBSs). These systems embed software to create "smart" tools and products. In CBSs, functional, performance and reliability requirements mandate a tight integration of information processing and physical processes. Embedded information technology is critical to overall system performance. CBSs include a wide range of applications, such as computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) systems, space systems, computerized vehicles, appliances, consumer electronics equipment, and a wide variety of systems in health care, transportation defense, communication, and power generation and distribution.
{"title":"Model-integrated computing environments and computer-based systems","authors":"J. Sztipanovits","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581941","url":null,"abstract":"Among the most significant technological developments of the last two decades has been the proliferation of computer-based systems (CBSs). These systems embed software to create \"smart\" tools and products. In CBSs, functional, performance and reliability requirements mandate a tight integration of information processing and physical processes. Embedded information technology is critical to overall system performance. CBSs include a wide range of applications, such as computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) systems, space systems, computerized vehicles, appliances, consumer electronics equipment, and a wide variety of systems in health care, transportation defense, communication, and power generation and distribution.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127490889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581773
M. Uehara
In large scale distributed systems, fault tolerant computing is important because each module may not be always reliable. Fault tolerant computing is not essentially needed to solve a problem. However, it is useful to execute a computing correctly. In this paper, we propose the usage of computational field model (CFM) as a framework to reuse such computing. Computational field is shared virtual space which abstracts distributed systems. It is possible to construct portable applications by applying algorithms to CFM. At first, we employ Triple Module Redundancy (TMR) as basic technique for fault tolerant computing in order to support real-time applications. Next, we assume the locality of fault occasion. For an example, physical crash causes faults locally. In such a case, each module should be distributed to increase system reliability. However, when they are distributed, system performance may be decreased because communication cost is increased. Thus, fault tolerance is related to system performance. In our approach, it is possible to accomplish both resource allocation and fault tolerant computing at the same time.
{"title":"Fault tolerant computing in computational field model","authors":"M. Uehara","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581773","url":null,"abstract":"In large scale distributed systems, fault tolerant computing is important because each module may not be always reliable. Fault tolerant computing is not essentially needed to solve a problem. However, it is useful to execute a computing correctly. In this paper, we propose the usage of computational field model (CFM) as a framework to reuse such computing. Computational field is shared virtual space which abstracts distributed systems. It is possible to construct portable applications by applying algorithms to CFM. At first, we employ Triple Module Redundancy (TMR) as basic technique for fault tolerant computing in order to support real-time applications. Next, we assume the locality of fault occasion. For an example, physical crash causes faults locally. In such a case, each module should be distributed to increase system reliability. However, when they are distributed, system performance may be decreased because communication cost is increased. Thus, fault tolerance is related to system performance. In our approach, it is possible to accomplish both resource allocation and fault tolerant computing at the same time.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124329190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581935
J. Rozenblit
This position statement argues that advanced, systematic modeling techniques are needed to support engineering of complex, heterogeneous systems. Models provide blueprints for the development and assessment of systems through computer simulation, prior to their deployment.
{"title":"Integrative, model-based engineering design","authors":"J. Rozenblit","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581935","url":null,"abstract":"This position statement argues that advanced, systematic modeling techniques are needed to support engineering of complex, heterogeneous systems. Models provide blueprints for the development and assessment of systems through computer simulation, prior to their deployment.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122500234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581939
P. Alexander
Society's increasing dependence on complex technology mandates high assurance of system correctness. Traditional engineering disciplines such as civil or mechanical engineering achieve such assurance through applications of mathematics to system modelling. Unfortunately, system and software engineering disciplines do not enjoy pervasive use of mathematics in design activities. Most efforts in design improvement involve only the design process. Formal methods is simply the application of sound mathematical modelling and analysis techniques. Formal methods in engineering of computer-based systems is the application of mathematics to modelling systems and should be a central goal of systems engineering research.
{"title":"Insertion of formalism into systems level design","authors":"P. Alexander","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581939","url":null,"abstract":"Society's increasing dependence on complex technology mandates high assurance of system correctness. Traditional engineering disciplines such as civil or mechanical engineering achieve such assurance through applications of mathematics to system modelling. Unfortunately, system and software engineering disciplines do not enjoy pervasive use of mathematics in design activities. Most efforts in design improvement involve only the design process. Formal methods is simply the application of sound mathematical modelling and analysis techniques. Formal methods in engineering of computer-based systems is the application of mathematics to modelling systems and should be a central goal of systems engineering research.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117135896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581897
M. Mrva
The paper discusses object oriented programming and design habitability. By establishing a sort of virtual climate where others may feel comfortable when reading code we can add tremendously to cooperative work and reuse which are claimed to be the domains of the OO community.
{"title":"Are we on the way towards design habitability?","authors":"M. Mrva","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581897","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses object oriented programming and design habitability. By establishing a sort of virtual climate where others may feel comfortable when reading code we can add tremendously to cooperative work and reuse which are claimed to be the domains of the OO community.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"314 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115535418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581899
D. Mulcare
Software system complexity needs to be viewed from the perspectives of both the design product and the design process. In typical practice, design products appear quite overly complex relative to the capabilities provided. Frequently, system designs seem to exhibit a large degree of unwarranted complexity. On the other hand, system-level design methods are usually lacking in complexity relative to the challenge of essential design tasks. In consequence, too many design commitments are made without adequate bases, out of proper order, or by default. The result of such design commitments is a combination of unwarranted complexity and compromised system capabilities. Two other distinctions that also need to be acknowledged are the differences between: functional architecture and architectural design; and system requirements and system specifications. Distinctions are usually not observed in development processes that are dismissive of the nature and ramifications of proper system-level design. Here, the dilution of the system design effort tends to compromise the design product, because many of the major design commitments are made in the absence of a precisely defined architectural design. Whether soundly based or not, these early-on commitments continue to profoundly affect product construction and complexity throughout development. Accordingly, it is vital to invest in rigorous system-level design methods and practices. They can engender coherence, and hence mitigate complexity in design products and disorder in later stages of development.
{"title":"Striving for coherency to mitigate the complexity of system design","authors":"D. Mulcare","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581899","url":null,"abstract":"Software system complexity needs to be viewed from the perspectives of both the design product and the design process. In typical practice, design products appear quite overly complex relative to the capabilities provided. Frequently, system designs seem to exhibit a large degree of unwarranted complexity. On the other hand, system-level design methods are usually lacking in complexity relative to the challenge of essential design tasks. In consequence, too many design commitments are made without adequate bases, out of proper order, or by default. The result of such design commitments is a combination of unwarranted complexity and compromised system capabilities. Two other distinctions that also need to be acknowledged are the differences between: functional architecture and architectural design; and system requirements and system specifications. Distinctions are usually not observed in development processes that are dismissive of the nature and ramifications of proper system-level design. Here, the dilution of the system design effort tends to compromise the design product, because many of the major design commitments are made in the absence of a precisely defined architectural design. Whether soundly based or not, these early-on commitments continue to profoundly affect product construction and complexity throughout development. Accordingly, it is vital to invest in rigorous system-level design methods and practices. They can engender coherence, and hence mitigate complexity in design products and disorder in later stages of development.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130523969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-24DOI: 10.1109/ECBS.1997.581766
S. White
Numerous stakeholders collaborate to develop system requirements for a complex system. They conceive needs, evaluate risk, cost and benefits, identify tradeoffs, and negotiate priorities over a long period of time. Government and industry need a structured approach to requirements elicitation that supports this collaborative effort. Automated support is a long term goal of the author's research. The initial goal is to develop a firm foundation for capturing requirements, analyzing them, and supporting different views, including capture views (e.g. capabilities, constraints, operational environment), domain views (e.g. tracking, manufacturing, reliability), and stakeholder views (e.g. user, customer, designer, tester). These views help the analyst review specifications for errors and omissions. The paper identifies capture views and provides details concerning the system capabilities view, which includes functions, behavior, information entities, and non-functional requirements.
{"title":"Requirements capture and analysis prior to modeling","authors":"S. White","doi":"10.1109/ECBS.1997.581766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS.1997.581766","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous stakeholders collaborate to develop system requirements for a complex system. They conceive needs, evaluate risk, cost and benefits, identify tradeoffs, and negotiate priorities over a long period of time. Government and industry need a structured approach to requirements elicitation that supports this collaborative effort. Automated support is a long term goal of the author's research. The initial goal is to develop a firm foundation for capturing requirements, analyzing them, and supporting different views, including capture views (e.g. capabilities, constraints, operational environment), domain views (e.g. tracking, manufacturing, reliability), and stakeholder views (e.g. user, customer, designer, tester). These views help the analyst review specifications for errors and omissions. The paper identifies capture views and provides details concerning the system capabilities view, which includes functions, behavior, information entities, and non-functional requirements.","PeriodicalId":240356,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Conference and Workshop on Engineering of Computer-Based Systems","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126134880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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