Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523447
Fang Qi, Lizi Zhang, Bin Wei, Guanghui Que
Chinese electricity tariffs are characterized by the high rates for industrial and commercial customers to allow subsidized consumption in residential sectors. Some econometric methodologies are applied in this paper to estimating the price elasticities of demand for residential and industrial consumers based on the data of 22 provinces in China during 2003-2005. The marginal-cost and the Ramsey number are calculated respectively. Then the Ramsey electricity tariffs in China are derived. The comparison between the current electricity tariffs and the Ramsey tariffs shows that the existing tariffs do not satisfy the Ramsey quasi-optimal criteria and the empirical results indicate that the cross-subsidies in electricity tariffs induce efficiency losses. We also point out that the reduction or elimination of cross-subsidies through an increase of the residential electricity tariff as well as a slight decrease of the industrial tariff under the Ramsey pricing scheme could improve the economic efficiencies and the social welfare.
{"title":"An application of Ramsey pricing in solving the cross-subsidies in Chinese electricity tariffs","authors":"Fang Qi, Lizi Zhang, Bin Wei, Guanghui Que","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523447","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese electricity tariffs are characterized by the high rates for industrial and commercial customers to allow subsidized consumption in residential sectors. Some econometric methodologies are applied in this paper to estimating the price elasticities of demand for residential and industrial consumers based on the data of 22 provinces in China during 2003-2005. The marginal-cost and the Ramsey number are calculated respectively. Then the Ramsey electricity tariffs in China are derived. The comparison between the current electricity tariffs and the Ramsey tariffs shows that the existing tariffs do not satisfy the Ramsey quasi-optimal criteria and the empirical results indicate that the cross-subsidies in electricity tariffs induce efficiency losses. We also point out that the reduction or elimination of cross-subsidies through an increase of the residential electricity tariff as well as a slight decrease of the industrial tariff under the Ramsey pricing scheme could improve the economic efficiencies and the social welfare.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127546658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523397
T. Funabashi, T. Tanabe, T. Nagata, R. Yokoyama
This paper proposes a multi-agent approach to microgrid power system operation. The proposed method consists of several Loads Agents (LAGs) , Generator Agents (GAGs) and a single Microgrid Control Agent (MAG). The target of this study is to maximize revenue from the microgrid. To demonstrate its capability, the proposed electricity trading algorithm is applied to a model system. The simulation results show that the proposed multi-agent approach is promising.
{"title":"An autonomous agent for reliable operation of power market and systems including microgrids","authors":"T. Funabashi, T. Tanabe, T. Nagata, R. Yokoyama","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523397","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a multi-agent approach to microgrid power system operation. The proposed method consists of several Loads Agents (LAGs) , Generator Agents (GAGs) and a single Microgrid Control Agent (MAG). The target of this study is to maximize revenue from the microgrid. To demonstrate its capability, the proposed electricity trading algorithm is applied to a model system. The simulation results show that the proposed multi-agent approach is promising.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124888153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523471
C. Chen
In this paper, the simplified personal best oriented particle swarm optimizer (SPPSO) is employed to solving economic power dispatch problem considering transmission losses. SPPSO is a simplified version of personal best oriented particle swarm optimizer (PPSO), stemming from particle swarm optimization (PSO). Although one term is eliminated from the velocity updating rule, the performance of SPPSO is not affected significantly, especially for small scale problems. Nevertheless, it gains the advantage of computation efficiency. The usefulness and capability of the proposed algorithm is verified via testing on three power systems having different numbers of committed generators. The optimal solutions obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by other methods posted in literature. The results show that the proposed method indeed capable of obtaining high quality solutions quickly.
{"title":"Economic dispatch using simplified personal best oriented particle swarm optimizer","authors":"C. Chen","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523471","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the simplified personal best oriented particle swarm optimizer (SPPSO) is employed to solving economic power dispatch problem considering transmission losses. SPPSO is a simplified version of personal best oriented particle swarm optimizer (PPSO), stemming from particle swarm optimization (PSO). Although one term is eliminated from the velocity updating rule, the performance of SPPSO is not affected significantly, especially for small scale problems. Nevertheless, it gains the advantage of computation efficiency. The usefulness and capability of the proposed algorithm is verified via testing on three power systems having different numbers of committed generators. The optimal solutions obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by other methods posted in literature. The results show that the proposed method indeed capable of obtaining high quality solutions quickly.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125029035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523850
S.X. Wang, Wei Zhao, Y.Y. Chen
Under the force of environment issue and energy issue, distributed generation (DG) technique has achieved prodigious progress recently. Since normally distributed generators are installed near the customer side, so it will have a great impact on power system especially on distribution system. This paper discusses how distributed generations affect the reliability level of distribution system. A three-state model of DG is built. With given upstream and downstream island division of the load points, the probability of islanding is calculated. Based on short-term analysis, a method for the reliability evaluation in the distribution system which contains two or more distributed generators is proposed. Finally, the proposed method is used to analyze a sample system. On the one hand it demonstrates that the distributed generation has the ability of improving the reliability of system and customers. On the other hand it provides some useful conclusions such as the impact of the site of DG on reliability of distribution system.
{"title":"Distribution system reliability evaluation considering DG impacts","authors":"S.X. Wang, Wei Zhao, Y.Y. Chen","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523850","url":null,"abstract":"Under the force of environment issue and energy issue, distributed generation (DG) technique has achieved prodigious progress recently. Since normally distributed generators are installed near the customer side, so it will have a great impact on power system especially on distribution system. This paper discusses how distributed generations affect the reliability level of distribution system. A three-state model of DG is built. With given upstream and downstream island division of the load points, the probability of islanding is calculated. Based on short-term analysis, a method for the reliability evaluation in the distribution system which contains two or more distributed generators is proposed. Finally, the proposed method is used to analyze a sample system. On the one hand it demonstrates that the distributed generation has the ability of improving the reliability of system and customers. On the other hand it provides some useful conclusions such as the impact of the site of DG on reliability of distribution system.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125077186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523877
P. Mahat, Zhe Chen, B. Bak‐Jensen
This paper presents an overview of power system islanding and islanding detection techniques. Islanding detection techniques, for a distribution system with distributed generation (DG), can broadly be divided into remote and local techniques. A remote islanding detection technique is associated with islanding detection on the utility side, whereas a local technique is associated with islanding detection on the DG side. Local techniques can further be divided into passive techniques, active techniques and hybrid techniques. These islanding detection techniques for DG are described and analyzed.
{"title":"Review of islanding detection methods for distributed generation","authors":"P. Mahat, Zhe Chen, B. Bak‐Jensen","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523877","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an overview of power system islanding and islanding detection techniques. Islanding detection techniques, for a distribution system with distributed generation (DG), can broadly be divided into remote and local techniques. A remote islanding detection technique is associated with islanding detection on the utility side, whereas a local technique is associated with islanding detection on the DG side. Local techniques can further be divided into passive techniques, active techniques and hybrid techniques. These islanding detection techniques for DG are described and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125876826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523450
S. G. Petoussis, A. Petoussis, G. Georghiou, X.P. Zhang, K. Godfrey
Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power plants and distributed PV system installations are becoming a reality. The uptake of such technology is expected to accelerate during the next decade especially in regions such as Southern Europe due to the presence of high solar irradiance and the continuous pressure for the implementation of numerous renewable energy generation technologies. In the light of the above, the effect of such systems on the electricity market equilibrium needs to be investigated. In this paper, a primal-dual nonlinear interior point algorithm, formulated using an AC network model, for determining the linear supply function equilibrium (SFE) of bid-based pool electricity markets is used, in order to provide insights of the impact of the solar PV power generation on the electricity market equilibrium. Numerical results demonstrate that there is a significant effect on the market outcome due to the installation of large solar generation plants on the grid. The presence of solar power generation affects the bidding strategies of the generating firms with direct impact on the nodal prices and profits.
{"title":"Grid-connected photovoltaic power plants: The effect on the electricity market equilibrium","authors":"S. G. Petoussis, A. Petoussis, G. Georghiou, X.P. Zhang, K. Godfrey","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523450","url":null,"abstract":"Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power plants and distributed PV system installations are becoming a reality. The uptake of such technology is expected to accelerate during the next decade especially in regions such as Southern Europe due to the presence of high solar irradiance and the continuous pressure for the implementation of numerous renewable energy generation technologies. In the light of the above, the effect of such systems on the electricity market equilibrium needs to be investigated. In this paper, a primal-dual nonlinear interior point algorithm, formulated using an AC network model, for determining the linear supply function equilibrium (SFE) of bid-based pool electricity markets is used, in order to provide insights of the impact of the solar PV power generation on the electricity market equilibrium. Numerical results demonstrate that there is a significant effect on the market outcome due to the installation of large solar generation plants on the grid. The presence of solar power generation affects the bidding strategies of the generating firms with direct impact on the nodal prices and profits.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126192769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523697
Wenze Liu, Z. Cai
To provide good dynamic performance and improve the anti-disturbances ability of power system, considering the effects of the unmodeled disturbances, a dynamic model of VSC-HVDC system with dqO axis is introduced in this paper. The advantage of the model with dqO axis is the active power and the reactive power of the connecting AC power system can be adjusted independently, which is convenient for the controller design based on the state function of the VSC-HVDC with dqO axis. As a illustration, a robust controller is proposed to analyze the characteristics of the control approach for the model of VSC-HVDC with dqO axis.
{"title":"Model analysis and robust control design of VSC-HVDC converter with dq0 axis","authors":"Wenze Liu, Z. Cai","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523697","url":null,"abstract":"To provide good dynamic performance and improve the anti-disturbances ability of power system, considering the effects of the unmodeled disturbances, a dynamic model of VSC-HVDC system with dqO axis is introduced in this paper. The advantage of the model with dqO axis is the active power and the reactive power of the connecting AC power system can be adjusted independently, which is convenient for the controller design based on the state function of the VSC-HVDC with dqO axis. As a illustration, a robust controller is proposed to analyze the characteristics of the control approach for the model of VSC-HVDC with dqO axis.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126995566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523487
H. Daneshi, A. Daneshi
In electricity markets, short-term price forecasting plays a vital role in the daily scheduling of generating assets and the estimation of market competitors' payoff. The volatility of electricity market and its uncertain behavior in constrained networks could make it cumbersome to forecast the hourly price of electricity based on conventional methods. This paper gives a bibliographical survey, a brief review and general background of different approaches and developments in the field of price forecasting. We provide an overview of published literature on this topic, highlighting common futures and drawing out some important aspects of the methodology used.
{"title":"Price forecasting in deregulated electricity markets - a bibliographical survey","authors":"H. Daneshi, A. Daneshi","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523487","url":null,"abstract":"In electricity markets, short-term price forecasting plays a vital role in the daily scheduling of generating assets and the estimation of market competitors' payoff. The volatility of electricity market and its uncertain behavior in constrained networks could make it cumbersome to forecast the hourly price of electricity based on conventional methods. This paper gives a bibliographical survey, a brief review and general background of different approaches and developments in the field of price forecasting. We provide an overview of published literature on this topic, highlighting common futures and drawing out some important aspects of the methodology used.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114933000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523384
A. Conejo, R. García-Bertrand, M. Carrión
Within a yearly time framework this tutorial paper describes a stochastic programming model to determine the electricity market strategy of a producer. Both a financial forward market and a day-ahead pool are considered. Hourly pool prices are modeled as stochastic variables. Decisions pertaining to the forward market are made at monthly/quarterly intervals while decisions involving the pool are made throughout the year. Risk on profit variability is modeled through the CVaR methodology. The resulting decision-making problem is formulated and characterized as a large-scale linear programming problem, which can be solved using commercially available software.
{"title":"Forward trading for an electricity producer","authors":"A. Conejo, R. García-Bertrand, M. Carrión","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523384","url":null,"abstract":"Within a yearly time framework this tutorial paper describes a stochastic programming model to determine the electricity market strategy of a producer. Both a financial forward market and a day-ahead pool are considered. Hourly pool prices are modeled as stochastic variables. Decisions pertaining to the forward market are made at monthly/quarterly intervals while decisions involving the pool are made throughout the year. Risk on profit variability is modeled through the CVaR methodology. The resulting decision-making problem is formulated and characterized as a large-scale linear programming problem, which can be solved using commercially available software.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116456136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-06DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523398
J. Arai, T. Funabashi
Microgrid field test projects in Japan are introduced in which distributed power generations including fuel cell, photovoltaic cell, wind power generation, gas engine, and battery energy storage are placed. Power leveling in the microgrid with support of high speed response is available utilizing power electronics technologies applied to these new energy power sources. Two examples of power electronics application to the renewable energy resources are presented in this paper. An inverter is one of common and basic equipments for dc type source of distributed power generations and will be important equipments for more reliable power systems. Although the modeling of conventional rotating generator has been developed and used in many network design and analysis stages, detailed modeling of inverter has not reported because there are many types of inverter in main circuit and in control. Then modeling of inverter on the EMTP is reported in this paper also for providing one of common model.
{"title":"Power electronics technologies for reliable operation of power systems in Japan","authors":"J. Arai, T. Funabashi","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2008.4523398","url":null,"abstract":"Microgrid field test projects in Japan are introduced in which distributed power generations including fuel cell, photovoltaic cell, wind power generation, gas engine, and battery energy storage are placed. Power leveling in the microgrid with support of high speed response is available utilizing power electronics technologies applied to these new energy power sources. Two examples of power electronics application to the renewable energy resources are presented in this paper. An inverter is one of common and basic equipments for dc type source of distributed power generations and will be important equipments for more reliable power systems. Although the modeling of conventional rotating generator has been developed and used in many network design and analysis stages, detailed modeling of inverter has not reported because there are many types of inverter in main circuit and in control. Then modeling of inverter on the EMTP is reported in this paper also for providing one of common model.","PeriodicalId":240420,"journal":{"name":"2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122367468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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