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The genus Agnocoris (Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae: Mirini) includes seven species and three of them, A. rubicundus, A. reclairei, and A. eduardi, are distributed in the Palearctic. This study represents the first integrative taxonomic assessment of Palearctic Agnocoris, combining morphological and molecular data (COI, 16S rRNA, ITS1, Ca-ATPase) to clarify species boundaries, phylogenetic relationships, and biogeographic history. This study showed that the three Palearctic species are very similar to each other externally, and male and female genitalia structures should be used for the correct species identification. A revised diagnosis and identification key for Palearctic Agnocoris representatives, as well as novel characters that can be used for the generic diagnosis, are provided. Phylogenetic analyses revealed discordance between mitochondrial and nuclear markers: mitochondrial data did not support the monophyly of A. rubicundus and A. reclairei, while nuclear markers confirmed their distinctiveness, suggesting historical mitochondrial introgression likely due to hybridization. The results showed that ITS1 was the most effective for the species identification and delimitation. Species delimitation methods based on this marker validated both species as separate. Divergence dating analysis suggests that Nearctic and Palearctic lineages of Agnocoris separated in Miocene. Our analysis demonstrated that A. rubicundus and A. reclairei most probably diverged ca. 1 Mya during the Pleistocene. Our findings emphasize the importance of integrative approach combining thorough morphological examinations and multiple genetic markers for accurate species delimitation in Miridae.

Two new species of pseudoscorpions belonging to the genus Tyrannochthonius Chamberlin, 1929 are described from the semi-arid region of Brazil. Comprehensive morphological descriptions, diagnostic characters, and detailed illustrations are provided for Tyrannochthonius iuiu sp. nov. and Tyrannochthonius aratu sp. nov. Furthermore, we examine the remarkable diversity within Tyrannochthonius, emphasizing its widespread distribution in caves globally and documenting, for the first time, the association of species from this genus with subterranean habitats in Brazil. These findings highlight the significance of conserving such environments to safeguard their specialized fauna. Additionally, we characterize the habitats of the newly described species and present an identification key to the Tyrannochthonius species currently known from Brazil.

Two new species of the genus are described from Nepal: Nepalmatoiulus karnaliensis sp. nov. and Nepalmatoiulus humlaensis sp. nov. A brief overview of the Nepalmatoiulus species of Nepal is provided. A key is given to all Nepalmatoiulus species presently known from Nepal. Taxonomic and distributional remarks are provided for all the species.

Brief review on the genus Mycetochara Gurin-Mneville, 1827 (Tenebrionidae: Alleculinae: Mycetocharina) from the European Russia and the Russian Caucasus is presented. In total, 14 species occur on this territory. Two new species are described: M. (Ernocharis) ruthenica Nabozhenko, sp. nov. from Rostov Region of Russia and M. (Oculochara) adygea Nabozhenko, sp. nov. from Republic of Adygea (Russia). The following synonymy is established in the genera Mycetochara and Gonodera Mulsant, 1856: Mycetochara (Ernocharis) zolotareffi Reitter, 1896 = Mycetochara (Ernocharis) gracilicornis Roubal, 1935, syn. nov.; Mycetochara (Ernocharis) ruficollis Baudi di Selve, 1877 = Mycetochara (s. str.) abdurakhmanovi Nabozhenko, 2018, syn. nov.; Gonodera corynthia Fairmaire, 1884 = Gonodera kasatkini Nabozhenko, 2018, syn. nov. One Transcaucasian species is resurrected from the synonymy of the European Mycetochara (Ernocharis) maura (Fabricius, 1792): Mycetochara (Ernocharis) hirsuta Pic, 1925, sp. resurr. Mycetochara (Ernocharis) recondita Novk, 2022 is recorded for Armenia for the first time. Distribution of all species are corrected and clarified. Keys to species (separately for males and females) of Mycetochara from European Russia and the Russian Caucasus is given.

This study reports the first record of unusual pigmentation and morphological anomalies in four flatfish species, Cynoglossus arel,C. lingua,Dagetichthys commersonnii, andPseudorhombus triocellatus, collected from Indian waters. Unusual pigmentation included ambicolouration inC. arel and D. commersonnii. Morphological anomalies such as fin cuts, caudal deformities, accessory fins, and vertebral fusion were observed inC. arel,C. lingua, andP. triocellatus. These anomalies may indicate developmental stress or environmental disturbance, potentially affecting individual fitness and survival because functional morphology influences ecological performance. Comprehensive, multidisciplinary research is essential to identify specific causes, assess ecological consequences, and prepare conservation strategies.

A study of the mosquito fauna of Meghalaya State, India was carried out during August and September 2022 and between December 2023 and January 2024. A total of 3,238 specimens of 117 species, two unnamed, representing 27 genera were collected and identified. Of these, 61 species are new to the state and seven are new country records. Our study provides the most up-to-date information on the distribution of mosquito species that occur in Meghalaya State, many of which are vectors of pathogens of diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis and chikungunya, particularly in the diverse forests of the State. These findings emphasize the significance of mosquito surveillance in Meghalaya State for monitoring the spread of mosquito-borne pathogens and planning appropriate control measures.

The delphacid genus Stenocranus Fieber occurring in Japan is morphologically revised, and 10 species including a new species are recognized as follows: S. niisimai Matsumura, S. tamagawanus Matsumura, S. sapporensis Matsumura, S. harimensis Matsumura, S. tateyamanus Matsumura, S. takasagonis Matsumura, S. fallax Matsumura, S. chenzhouensis Ding, S. tonghuaensis Ding, and S. kisimotoi sp. nov. The following synonymies are proposed: S. niisimai Matsumura (=S. matsumurai Metcalf syn. nov. and S. macromaculatus Ding syn. nov.); S. tamagawanus Matsumura (=S. hokkaidoensis Metcalf syn. nov. and S. koreanus Matsumura syn. nov.); S. sapporensis Matsumura (=S. ozenumensis Ishihara syn. nov.); S. harimensis Matsumura (=S. elongatus Matsumura syn. nov.); S. takasagonis Matsumura (=S. rufilinearis Kuoh syn. nov.); S. tateyamanus Matsumura (=S. sukumonus Matsumura syn. nov.). Two species are transferred from Stenocranus to a new genus, Ceratocranus gen. nov.: C. agamopsyche (Kirkaldy) comb. nov. and C. linnapallidus (Asche) comb. nov. A new species, C. aurantius sp. nov., is also described from Japan. In addition, Stenocranus formosanus Matsumura syn. nov. is regarded as a junior synonym of C. agamopsyche. Furthermore, the Japanese species of Stenocranus are morphologically classified into four species groups, and their phylogenetic relationships are discussed.

The taxonomy of Neotropical Apicotermitinae, considering the absence of a soldier caste, requires identification to be based on morphological characters of workers and imagoes, especially the characteristics of the gut coiling pattern, which, due to their complexity, demand specialized training. The aim of this study was to describe a new genus and species of the subfamily Apicotermitinae from the Caatinga dry forest, a type of vegetation that dominates the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. To achieve this, were used external morphological characters and those of the gut of workers, as well as molecular data (COI, COII, and 16S). The main diagnostic features of the genus include the ring-shaped arrangement of the enteric valve seating and the enteric valve armature with three sclerotized hemispherical plates of different sizes, with the central one being larger than the others, all armed with spines. Phylogenetic analyses (BI and ML) suggest Triclavitermes catoleensis sp. nov. is related to Dissimulitermes invisibilis and Rustitermes boteroi. The distribution of Triclavitermes catoleensis sp. nov. is currently restricted to the Caatinga ecosystems, but it is possible that this species also occurs in other ecosystems along the dry diagonals of South America which includes the Caatinga, Cerrado, and Chaco.

An updated checklist dedicated to the family Carabidae for the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, is presented, summarizing the current state of knowledge regarding its distribution and species richness. This compilation is based on an exhaustive review of specialized literature, consultation of databases and examination of specimens from entomological collections. A total of 152 taxa, belonging to eight subfamilies, 27 tribes, 64 genera, 132 species and 20 subspecies are reported. This study adds three first records for Mexico (Stenolophus limbalis LeConte, 1857, Pterostichus illustris LeConte, 1851 and Pterostichus jacobinus Casey, 1913), and eight first records for the peninsula, along with new distribution data for 16 species in the region. A regional distribution map of the first records is shown and priority collection areas for the future are discussed. This work aims to establish a baseline that serves as a reference for future taxonomic, ecological, conservation and biogeographic studies on the Baja California Peninsula and in Mexico.