Pub Date : 2017-08-18DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000345
S. Nishio, T. Sekido, Y. Ohkubo, T. Takahashi, Ako Oiwa, A. Kaneko, M. Komatsu
A long-term effect of ipragliflozin on adipose tissue mass reduction by ipragliflozin in Japanese patients with obese type2 diabetes (mean BMI 35.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2) was investigated. 17 of 20 participants completed this study. Ipragliflozin was administered (50 mg/day) once daily for 12 months. At 0, 3, 6 and 12 months, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area was determined by two different bioelectrical impedance methods, and blood samples for HbA1c, renal function, lipids and liver function obtained, and body weight and blood pressure recorded. The primary endpoint was decrease in body fat mass. Secondary endpoints included changes in body weight and the laboratory data. Visceral fat area (cm2, mean ± SD) at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months was 166.0 ± 49.7, 149.7 ± 46.1, 149.7 ± 42.4 and 148.5 ± 40.2, respectively: the value at 3 months was significantly lower than baseline (P=0.027). Subcutaneous fat at the corresponding time points was 359.3 ± 110.5, 316.6± 87.1, 326.8 ± 87.2 and 325.9 ± 90.4, respectively: the values at each post treatment period were significantly less than the baseline (P=0.003, 0.018 and 0.036 for the three points, respectively). Body weight was significantly reduced by 12 months (P=0.045). Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels decreased significantly. There was no significant correlation between serum hepatobiliary enzyme levels and γ-body weight or visceral fat. But γ-GTP was correlated with subcutaneous fat (Spearman’s P=0.004). During 1 year-interval, ipragliflozin significantly reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue and serum hepatobiliary enzyme levels, and may be useful in patients with obese diabetes.
{"title":"Long-Term Effects of Ipragliflozin on Adipose Tissue in Japanese Patients with Obese Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"S. Nishio, T. Sekido, Y. Ohkubo, T. Takahashi, Ako Oiwa, A. Kaneko, M. Komatsu","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000345","url":null,"abstract":"A long-term effect of ipragliflozin on adipose tissue mass reduction by ipragliflozin in Japanese patients with obese type2 diabetes (mean BMI 35.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2) was investigated. 17 of 20 participants completed this study. Ipragliflozin was administered (50 mg/day) once daily for 12 months. At 0, 3, 6 and 12 months, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area was determined by two different bioelectrical impedance methods, and blood samples for HbA1c, renal function, lipids and liver function obtained, and body weight and blood pressure recorded. The primary endpoint was decrease in body fat mass. Secondary endpoints included changes in body weight and the laboratory data. Visceral fat area (cm2, mean ± SD) at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months was 166.0 ± 49.7, 149.7 ± 46.1, 149.7 ± 42.4 and 148.5 ± 40.2, respectively: the value at 3 months was significantly lower than baseline (P=0.027). Subcutaneous fat at the corresponding time points was 359.3 ± 110.5, 316.6± 87.1, 326.8 ± 87.2 and 325.9 ± 90.4, respectively: the values at each post treatment period were significantly less than the baseline (P=0.003, 0.018 and 0.036 for the three points, respectively). Body weight was significantly reduced by 12 months (P=0.045). Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels decreased significantly. There was no significant correlation between serum hepatobiliary enzyme levels and γ-body weight or visceral fat. But γ-GTP was correlated with subcutaneous fat (Spearman’s P=0.004). During 1 year-interval, ipragliflozin significantly reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue and serum hepatobiliary enzyme levels, and may be useful in patients with obese diabetes.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127415711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-02DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000347
E. Boekaerts, L. Claes, W. Bouckaert, K. Luyckx
Obesity is associated with high levels of psychopathology, especially among those who engage in binge eating. Patients with binge eating also report poorer long term outcomes after bariatric surgery than patients without binge eating. However, the mechanisms underlying binge eating need further investigation. The present study investigates the relationship between identity issues and the functionality of (binge) eating behaviors in bariatric surgery candidates. Results showed that pre-bariatric patients who engage in binge eating scored higher on identity confusion compared to patients without binge eating, but no difference was found for identity synthesis. Concerning the relationship between the functions of eating and identity processes, we found a positive relationship between identity confusion and external and emotional eating in patients with binge eating, but no significant relationships were found for identity synthesis. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
{"title":"The Relationship between (binge) Eating and Identity Issues in Pre-bariatric Patients","authors":"E. Boekaerts, L. Claes, W. Bouckaert, K. Luyckx","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000347","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is associated with high levels of psychopathology, especially among those who engage in binge eating. Patients with binge eating also report poorer long term outcomes after bariatric surgery than patients without binge eating. However, the mechanisms underlying binge eating need further investigation. The present study investigates the relationship between identity issues and the functionality of (binge) eating behaviors in bariatric surgery candidates. Results showed that pre-bariatric patients who engage in binge eating scored higher on identity confusion compared to patients without binge eating, but no difference was found for identity synthesis. Concerning the relationship between the functions of eating and identity processes, we found a positive relationship between identity confusion and external and emotional eating in patients with binge eating, but no significant relationships were found for identity synthesis. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126922245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-19DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000344
Shrimpton R, Bazzano A, Mason J
Obesity is becoming an enormous global problem and urgent measures are needed to contain it. Traditional thinking that it is just a problem of energy balance has led to educational approaches to get people to eat less and exercise more becoming the standard interventions. However, new evidence suggests that it is not just how much you eat, but what is being eaten that is driving the problem. Evidence for the various causalities, especially sugar intake, and the sort of approaches needed to stop the problem getting worse are presented. Policy actions to promote healthy diets cannot just focus on information based approaches that will help the public make better informed choices (e.g. media campaigns, dietary guidelines). In addition, more structural approaches are needed such as fiscal measures, and restrictions on advertising. Policy assessments should be carefully designed based on a theory of change, using indicators of progress along the various pathways towards the long-term goal of reducing obesity rates. The most important research needed is to strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of such programme approaches using a plausibility approach. No country has demonstrated success in controlling obesity yet.
{"title":"Getting Fat: “What” is Eaten is as Important as “How much” is Eaten","authors":"Shrimpton R, Bazzano A, Mason J","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000344","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is becoming an enormous global problem and urgent measures are needed to contain it. Traditional thinking that it is just a problem of energy balance has led to educational approaches to get people to eat less and exercise more becoming the standard interventions. However, new evidence suggests that it is not just how much you eat, but what is being eaten that is driving the problem. Evidence for the various causalities, especially sugar intake, and the sort of approaches needed to stop the problem getting worse are presented. Policy actions to promote healthy diets cannot just focus on information based approaches that will help the public make better informed choices (e.g. media campaigns, dietary guidelines). In addition, more structural approaches are needed such as fiscal measures, and restrictions on advertising. Policy assessments should be carefully designed based on a theory of change, using indicators of progress along the various pathways towards the long-term goal of reducing obesity rates. The most important research needed is to strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of such programme approaches using a plausibility approach. No country has demonstrated success in controlling obesity yet.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129194681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-19DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000342
T. Oshiro, H. Oishi, S. Okazumi, R. Katoh
The number of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) performed worldwide is increasing continuously. Serious complications are relatively rare, but staple line leakage after LSG remains one of the most dreaded acute complications. Endoscopic treatments play a major role in treating sleeve leakage after initial surgical or percutaneous perigastric abscess control. Despite the high success rate of endoscopic treatments, some patients who fail treatment can develop refractory chronic leakage or fistula; therefore, they require revision operation such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or even total gastrectomy. We herein comment on percutaneous transesophageal gastro-tubing (PTEG) as a non-endoscopic, non-surgical alternative treatment option in patients for whom it may be desirable to avoid complex reoperation for sleeve leakage.
{"title":"Percutaneous Transesophageal Gastro-tubing: A New Treatment Strategy forGastric Leakage after Sleeve Gastrectomy","authors":"T. Oshiro, H. Oishi, S. Okazumi, R. Katoh","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000342","url":null,"abstract":"The number of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) performed worldwide is increasing continuously. Serious \u0000 complications are relatively rare, but staple line leakage after LSG remains one of the most dreaded acute \u0000 complications. Endoscopic treatments play a major role in treating sleeve leakage after initial surgical or \u0000 percutaneous perigastric abscess control. Despite the high success rate of endoscopic treatments, some patients \u0000 who fail treatment can develop refractory chronic leakage or fistula; therefore, they require revision operation such \u0000 as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or even total gastrectomy. We herein comment on percutaneous transesophageal \u0000 gastro-tubing (PTEG) as a non-endoscopic, non-surgical alternative treatment option in patients for whom it may be \u0000 desirable to avoid complex reoperation for sleeve leakage.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"297 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124250855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-12DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000340
A. Narisada, Tomomi Hasegawa, Maki Nakahigashi, T. Hirobe, T. Ushida, F. Kobayashi
Objective: Obesity-induced autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is related to cardiac disease. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of autogenic training (AT), a therapeutic relaxation technique, on cardiac ANS functions as evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate recovery (HRR) in Japanese obese/overweight subjects. Methods: Subjects were 40 obese/overweight male workers (42.7 ± 8.8 years old, BMI 28.8 ± 3.3 kg/m2). The subjects were randomly assigned to an AT intervention group and a control group. Subjects of the intervention group were required to perform the AT training procedures (first-third steps) for three months, while the control group participants were waiting. Before and after intervention, HRV was calculated using a 24 hr Holter ECG, and HRR was assessed by a treadmill test. In addition, Profile of Mood States (POMS), job stress and sleep conditions were assessed. Effects of AT intervention were statistically examined using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: For the HRV, the ratio of the Low Frequency to the High Frequency (LF/HF) during sleep was significantly reduced in the AT group (-39.2% and -0.6%, respectively, p=0.009). HRR was lengthened in the AT group (5.2% and 0.6%, respectively, p=0.042). In addition, the Confusion-Bewilderment score in POMS was improved in the AT group. However, mediation analysis indicated that the Confusion-Bewilderment score was not considered as a mediator between AT and ANS. Conclusions: A three month AT intervention improved cardiac ANS activities in Japanese obese/overweight men. These results suggest the beneficial effects of AT on obesity-related cardiovascular conditions.
{"title":"Effects of Autogenic Training on Heart Rate Variability and Heart Rate Recoveryin Japanese Obese/Overweight Male Workers","authors":"A. Narisada, Tomomi Hasegawa, Maki Nakahigashi, T. Hirobe, T. Ushida, F. Kobayashi","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000340","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Obesity-induced autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is related to cardiac disease. The \u0000 purpose of this study is to examine the effect of autogenic training (AT), a therapeutic relaxation technique, on \u0000 cardiac ANS functions as evaluated by heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate recovery (HRR) in Japanese \u0000 obese/overweight subjects. \u0000Methods: Subjects were 40 obese/overweight male workers (42.7 ± 8.8 years old, BMI 28.8 ± 3.3 kg/m2). The \u0000 subjects were randomly assigned to an AT intervention group and a control group. Subjects of the intervention group \u0000 were required to perform the AT training procedures (first-third steps) for three months, while the control group \u0000 participants were waiting. Before and after intervention, HRV was calculated using a 24 hr Holter ECG, and HRR \u0000 was assessed by a treadmill test. In addition, Profile of Mood States (POMS), job stress and sleep conditions were \u0000 assessed. Effects of AT intervention were statistically examined using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). \u0000Results: For the HRV, the ratio of the Low Frequency to the High Frequency (LF/HF) during sleep was \u0000 significantly reduced in the AT group (-39.2% and -0.6%, respectively, p=0.009). HRR was lengthened in the AT \u0000 group (5.2% and 0.6%, respectively, p=0.042). In addition, the Confusion-Bewilderment score in POMS was \u0000 improved in the AT group. However, mediation analysis indicated that the Confusion-Bewilderment score was not \u0000 considered as a mediator between AT and ANS. \u0000Conclusions: A three month AT intervention improved cardiac ANS activities in Japanese obese/overweight \u0000 men. These results suggest the beneficial effects of AT on obesity-related cardiovascular conditions.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132827743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-24DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000339
Ejike Cecc, Eze Kc, Onuoha No
Objective: Though overweight/obesity has been reported by several authors in Nigeria, weight misperception and dissatisfaction has been scarcely studied and reported. The prevalence of overweight/obesity, weight misperception and dissatisfaction was therefore investigated in 1,030 students (51% females) of a Nigerian tertiary school. Methods: Self-reported age and perception of each subject’s weight status and weight preference were recorded. Anthropometric data were collected using standard protocol and body mass index (BMI) calculated. Appropriate statistical tools were used for data analyses. Results: A total of 21.2% (22.0% males; 20.4% females) of the population were overweight/obese; while 2.3% (1.6% males, 3.1% females) were thin. Weight misperception was found in 33.4% (33.3% females; 33.6% males) of the population while 23.8% (23.9% females; 23.8% males) had body weight dissatisfaction (BWD). Almost all (99%) of the overweight subjects, and 0.8% of the normal weight subjects, had BWD. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in prevalence between the sexes. Conclusion: Weight misperception and dissatisfaction are prevalent in this predominantly lean population. This is worrisome because affected subjects may adopt inappropriate weight-loss habits leading to possible deleterious consequences.
{"title":"Nutritional Status, Weight Misperception and Body Weight Dissatisfaction in aPopulation of Young Adult Nigerians","authors":"Ejike Cecc, Eze Kc, Onuoha No","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000339","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Though overweight/obesity has been reported by several authors in Nigeria, weight misperception \u0000 and dissatisfaction has been scarcely studied and reported. The prevalence of overweight/obesity, weight \u0000 misperception and dissatisfaction was therefore investigated in 1,030 students (51% females) of a Nigerian tertiary \u0000 school. \u0000Methods: Self-reported age and perception of each subject’s weight status and weight preference were \u0000 recorded. Anthropometric data were collected using standard protocol and body mass index (BMI) calculated. \u0000 Appropriate statistical tools were used for data analyses. \u0000Results: A total of 21.2% (22.0% males; 20.4% females) of the population were overweight/obese; while 2.3% \u0000 (1.6% males, 3.1% females) were thin. Weight misperception was found in 33.4% (33.3% females; 33.6% males) of \u0000 the population while 23.8% (23.9% females; 23.8% males) had body weight dissatisfaction (BWD). Almost all (99%) \u0000 of the overweight subjects, and 0.8% of the normal weight subjects, had BWD. There were no significant differences \u0000(P>0.05) in prevalence between the sexes. \u0000Conclusion: Weight misperception and dissatisfaction are prevalent in this predominantly lean population. This is \u0000 worrisome because affected subjects may adopt inappropriate weight-loss habits leading to possible deleterious \u0000 consequences.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117323289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-18DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000338
B. He, Battisti Fl, R. McAbee
In the United States, overweight and obesity have been described as an epidemic. Unfortunately, the current weight management interventions are not able to reverse the continual increase in the weight of the United States citizens. Appearing unrelated, New York State is the home to more than 200,000 horses, most of them used for pleasure purposes. There is a growing body of knowledge identifying how the horse can have a positive impact on the health and wellness of people. Objective: This prospective cohort pilot study was designed to examine the impact of Equine Assisted Learning (EAL) on long-term weight management during childhood. Methods: Seventeen overweight and obese female children, 7 to 12 years of age participated in a year-long program that met for 27 sessions with total contact time of 93 hours. Results: There was a trend for change in body fat to be associated with both baseline (BL) body weight (r=0.53, p=0.06) and age (r=0.55, p=0.10). Mean BL height and body weight of the first (n=5) and second (n=8) cohorts differed (59.5 ± 1.1 vs. 53.8 ± 5.8 in, p=0.05 and 129.8 ± 14.2 vs. 101.0 ± 21.0 lb, p=0.02, respectively), and children in the first cohort tended to be older (10.3 ± 1.2 vs. 9.3 ± 0.5 year, p=0.09), and thus analyzed separately. Mean sedentary time at BL for the 2 cohorts was 18.6 ± 6.7 h/wk, and was reduced to 14.6 ± 10.7 h/wk by year 1 (p=0.097 for time). There were clearly decreases over time in sweetened drink and fat consumption for both cohorts (p=0.004 for both variables). Conclusion: Results from the two separate cohorts of the Healthy as a Horse (HaaH) pilot study demonstrate a unique opportunity to further examine the use of the horse as a tool to assist in the continued development of effective programs to prevent, identify and treat childhood overweight and obesity.
在美国，超重和肥胖被认为是一种流行病。不幸的是，目前的体重管理干预措施并不能扭转美国公民体重的持续增加。纽约州是20多万匹马的家园，其中大多数用于娱乐目的。越来越多的人认识到马如何对人们的健康产生积极影响。目的:本前瞻性队列试验研究旨在研究马辅助学习(EAL)对儿童时期长期体重管理的影响。方法:17名7至12岁的超重和肥胖女童参加了为期一年的项目，共27次，总接触时间为93小时。结果:体脂变化趋势与基线(BL)体重(r=0.53, p=0.06)和年龄(r=0.55, p=0.10)相关。第一队列(n=5)和第二队列(n=8)的平均身高和体重差异分别为(59.5±1.1 vs. 53.8±5.8 in, p=0.05)和(129.8±14.2 vs. 101.0±21.0 lb, p=0.02)，且第一队列患儿年龄偏大(10.3±1.2 vs. 9.3±0.5岁，p=0.09)，因此需要单独分析。两个队列的平均BL久坐时间为18.6±6.7小时/周，到第1年减少到14.6±10.7小时/周(时间p=0.097)。随着时间的推移，两组人群的含糖饮料和脂肪摄入量明显下降(两个变量的p=0.004)。结论:“健康如马”(HaaH)试点研究的两个独立队列的结果表明，这是一个独特的机会，可以进一步检查马作为工具的使用，以协助继续制定有效的计划，以预防、识别和治疗儿童超重和肥胖。
{"title":"Does Long-term Equine Assisted Learning have an Effect on Childhood WeightManagement?","authors":"B. He, Battisti Fl, R. McAbee","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000338","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States, overweight and obesity have been described as an epidemic. Unfortunately, the current \u0000 weight management interventions are not able to reverse the continual increase in the weight of the United States \u0000 citizens. Appearing unrelated, New York State is the home to more than 200,000 horses, most of them used for \u0000 pleasure purposes. There is a growing body of knowledge identifying how the horse can have a positive impact on \u0000 the health and wellness of people. \u0000Objective: This prospective cohort pilot study was designed to examine the impact of Equine Assisted Learning \u0000 (EAL) on long-term weight management during childhood. \u0000Methods: Seventeen overweight and obese female children, 7 to 12 years of age participated in a year-long \u0000 program that met for 27 sessions with total contact time of 93 hours. \u0000Results: There was a trend for change in body fat to be associated with both baseline (BL) body weight (r=0.53, \u0000 p=0.06) and age (r=0.55, p=0.10). Mean BL height and body weight of the first (n=5) and second (n=8) cohorts \u0000 differed (59.5 ± 1.1 vs. 53.8 ± 5.8 in, p=0.05 and 129.8 ± 14.2 vs. 101.0 ± 21.0 lb, p=0.02, respectively), and children \u0000 in the first cohort tended to be older (10.3 ± 1.2 vs. 9.3 ± 0.5 year, p=0.09), and thus analyzed separately. Mean \u0000 sedentary time at BL for the 2 cohorts was 18.6 ± 6.7 h/wk, and was reduced to 14.6 ± 10.7 h/wk by year 1 (p=0.097 \u0000 for time). There were clearly decreases over time in sweetened drink and fat consumption for both cohorts (p=0.004 \u0000 for both variables). \u0000Conclusion: Results from the two separate cohorts of the Healthy as a Horse (HaaH) pilot study demonstrate a \u0000 unique opportunity to further examine the use of the horse as a tool to assist in the continued development of \u0000 effective programs to prevent, identify and treat childhood overweight and obesity.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131576865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-17DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000337
H. Al-Wadani, M. An, Odeh Am, S. Safaya
The aim of this study was to modify the current Sleeve gastrectomy surgical procedure by leaving behind the blind intestinal loop, with the purpose to overcome the complications of gastric bypass. Accordingly, we evaluated in Canine, the effectiveness of this approach, on the weight loss and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that this type of bypass surgery in Canine resulted in significant weight loss that was maintained up to six months. There was no evidence of post-operative leaks, infection or organ adhesion. However, oxidative stress and inflammation markers were elevated in the post-operative stomach but not in the nonfunctional blind intestinal loop, six months after surgery. Elevation of these markers, post surgically in the target organ suggesting that it may take longer time for these markers to come back to healthy pre-operative levels. The purpose of leaving behind the blind intestinal loop may allow reversing the bypass in future date due to any unintended complications such as excessive weight loss.
{"title":"Sleeve Gastrectomy in Canine: Effect on Weight Loss, Inflammation andOxidative Stress Markers while Leaving Blind Intestinal Loop in Place","authors":"H. Al-Wadani, M. An, Odeh Am, S. Safaya","doi":"10.4172/2165-7904.1000337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000337","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to modify the current Sleeve gastrectomy surgical procedure by leaving behind the blind intestinal loop, with the purpose to overcome the complications of gastric bypass. Accordingly, we evaluated in Canine, the effectiveness of this approach, on the weight loss and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that this type of bypass surgery in Canine resulted in significant weight loss that was maintained up to six months. There was no evidence of post-operative leaks, infection or organ adhesion. However, oxidative stress and inflammation markers were elevated in the post-operative stomach but not in the nonfunctional blind intestinal loop, six months after surgery. Elevation of these markers, post surgically in the target organ suggesting that it may take longer time for these markers to come back to healthy pre-operative levels. The purpose of leaving behind the blind intestinal loop may allow reversing the bypass in future date due to any unintended complications such as excessive weight loss.","PeriodicalId":243288,"journal":{"name":"Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124773062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-14DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000336
Abdulwahid Sj, Marzieh Ebrahimi, Y. Goh, Adeyemi Kd, H. Ismail, Z. Hashim
Background: The adverse effects of obesity on human health necessitate the development of effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Mixture of natural products, including crude extracts and isolated pure natural compounds can cause a body weight reduction and prevent diet-induced obesity. Consequently, they have been widely utilized in treating obesity. Methods: A total of sixty imprinting control region (ICR) male mice (39.01 ± 1.03 g BW) were divided into six groups (10 per group) and randomly assigned to either a Normal diet (ND), High fat diet (HFD)+normal saline, HFD +Orlistat (15.9 mg/kg BW/day), HFD+CN500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg BW/day, and fed daily for three weeks. Adipose cellularity was determined by histological methods (Haematoxylin and Eosin), whereas plasma lipid profiles were measured by using a Hitachi 902 automatic clinical analyzer, meanwhile cytokines with a Benchmark Plus Microplate Spectrophotometer (RT-2100C) and AChE was detected in muscle and heart by using acetylcholine as a substrate. Results: Mice supplemented with HFD+CN1000 and 1500 mg/kg had significantly lower adipocyte area, size, and diameter compared to those fed other diets. The mean adipocyte number of mice supplemented with C. nutans was significantly lower compared to the control groups. Mice fed HFD+CN1500 mg/kg had a greater adipocyte cell count compared with those supplemented with HFD+CN1000 and 500 mg/kg. Supplementation of C. nutans reduced plasma total cholesterol in mice. Diets had no effect on plasma lipid profile. High dose of methanolic extract have more ant obesity properties with better effects on adipocyte cellularity, cytokines, acetylcholinestrase than low dose. In addition, The C. nutans fed mice exhibited decrease but non-significant (P>0.05) in leptin, meanwhile the acetyl cholinesterase activity in the heart and muscle was greater in mice fed C. nutans compared with control groups. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of C. nutans leaves can preclude diet-induced obesity.
背景:肥胖对人类健康的不良影响要求开发有效的干预措施来预防和治疗肥胖。天然产品的混合物，包括粗提取物和分离的纯天然化合物，可以减轻体重，防止饮食引起的肥胖。因此，它们已被广泛应用于治疗肥胖。方法:将60只(39.01±1.03 g BW)的ICR雄性小鼠分为6组(每组10只)，随机分为正常饮食(ND)、高脂饮食(HFD)+生理盐水、高脂饮食+奥利司他(15.9 mg/kg BW/d)、高脂饮食+CN500、1000和1500 mg/kg BW/d，每天饲喂3周。脂肪细胞结构采用组织学方法(Haematoxylin和Eosin)测定，血浆脂质谱采用日立902全自动临床分析仪测定，细胞因子采用Benchmark Plus Microplate分光光度计(RT-2100C)测定，乙酰胆碱作为底物检测肌肉和心脏的AChE。结果:与其他饲料相比，添加HFD+CN1000和1500 mg/kg的小鼠脂肪细胞面积、大小和直径显著降低。与对照组相比，添加C. nutans的小鼠平均脂肪细胞数量显著降低。饲喂HFD+CN1500 mg/kg的小鼠脂肪细胞计数高于饲喂HFD+CN1000和500 mg/kg的小鼠。补充核桃仁可降低小鼠血浆总胆固醇。饮食对血脂没有影响。高剂量的甲醇提取物具有更多的抗肥胖特性，对脂肪细胞结构、细胞因子、乙酰胆碱酯酶的影响优于低剂量。此外，与对照组相比，枸橼饲喂小鼠的瘦素降低但不显著(P>0.05)，心脏和肌肉的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性升高。结论:枸杞子叶甲醇提取物具有预防饮食性肥胖的作用。
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Pub Date : 2017-02-08DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000333
M. Iezzi, P. Bruzzi, S. Lasorella, B. Predieri, Diwakar Av, L. Iughetti
Background: Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and hyperinsulinism that may influence the progression of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis already in childhood. Methods: To study changes in metabolic profile and markers of inflammation and endothelial activation in children with primary severe obesity after weight loss we involved 14 obese children (Ob) that underwent a lifestyle intervention and 18 normal weighted subjects (C). In Ob, anthropometric data were assessed both at baseline and after intervention together with oral glucose tolerance test and fasting evaluation of cholesterol assessment, interleukin-6, endogenous secretory receptor of advanced glycation end products and endothelin levels. Results: At baseline, serum IL-6 concentrations resulted significantly higher in Ob respect to C (12.96 ± 8.87 vs. 4.88 ± 1.19 pg/ml, p< 0.05). After weight loss, Ob significantly improved glucose metabolism and lipid assessment and they showed a significant reduction of all markers of inflammation and endothelial activation. In all subjects studied, BMI-SDS correlated positively with interleukin-6 (r 0.45, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated higher concentrations of inflammatory markers in obese children compared to healthy subjects. Nevertheless, an early lifestyle intervention could improve the levels of these molecules together with cholesterol and glucose metabolism and may reverse the development of premature endothelial dysfunction in obese children.
背景:肥胖与慢性低度炎症和高胰岛素血症相关，可能影响儿童时期内皮功能障碍和动脉粥样硬化的进展。方法:为了研究体重减轻后原发性严重肥胖儿童的代谢特征、炎症和内皮活化标志物的变化，我们纳入了14名接受生活方式干预的肥胖儿童(Ob)和18名正常加权受试者(C)。在Ob中，我们在基线和干预后评估了人体测量数据，同时评估了口服葡萄糖耐量试验和空腹胆固醇评估、白细胞介素-6、内源性分泌受体晚期糖基化终产物和内皮素水平。结果:基线时，Ob血清IL-6浓度明显高于C(12.96±8.87比4.88±1.19 pg/ml, p< 0.05)。减肥后，Ob显著改善了糖代谢和脂质评估，并显示炎症和内皮活化的所有标志物显著降低。在所有研究对象中，BMI-SDS与白细胞介素-6呈正相关(r 0.45, p < 0.05)。结论:我们的研究结果表明，肥胖儿童的炎症标志物浓度高于健康儿童。然而，早期生活方式干预可以改善这些分子水平以及胆固醇和葡萄糖代谢，并可能逆转肥胖儿童过早内皮功能障碍的发展。
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