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Application of the preceded model procedures in a family nursing intervention to stimulate oral language in a preschool with delay of the language 应用先前的模式程序在家庭护理干预中刺激有语言迟缓的学龄前儿童的口语
Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.15406/ncoaj.2018.05.00166
Dayann Martínez Santana, C. Aravena, C. Acosta
In primary health care, the nurse is in charge of child health control. In Chile, all monitoring activities in child health and child are framed within the policy of child protection called Chile Grows with You.1 In this way, the nurse is in charge of the systematic investigation of children with risk or delay in psychomotor development, applying the following standardized scales: Psychomotor Development Evaluation Scale (EEDP) for children from month to 24 months and The Psychomotor Development Test for children between 2 and 5 years old (TEPSI) in infant and preschool health controls. It is also responsible, to complement the results obtained with active strategies early stimulation in these.1 A child with a functional developmental delay is one who is not able to perform the functions that he or she has to set up for the age. According to the latest Survey of Quality of Life and Health in Chile 11% of children have delayed psychomotor development.2 In assessments of psychomotor development, language is the frequently compromised, however, the real magnitude of this problem is unknown at the national level.3 Therefore, it is important that the nursing professional manage strategies that allow him to respond to this important health problem. The development of the child in the first three years of life is characterized by important acquisitions and cerebral elasticity. At this stage there are major advances in motor, cognitive and social area as well as in the acquisition and mastery of language, which are essential for the overall development and learning in children.4 In this sense, the family and especially parents exert a powerful influence on the child ‘s progress, playing a key role in the teaching-learning.5 Father absence, permanent feature found in homes of low socioeconomic and cultural level limits the child’s acquisition of experience and, therefore, the development of socialization and adaptation.5
在初级卫生保健中,护士负责儿童健康控制。在智利,儿童健康和儿童方面的所有监测活动都是在名为“智利与你一起成长”的儿童保护政策框架内进行的。通过这种方式,护士负责对精神运动发育有风险或延迟的儿童进行系统调查,采用以下标准化量表:婴儿和学龄前儿童健康对照采用1 ~ 24月龄儿童精神运动发展评价量表(EEDP)和2 ~ 5岁儿童精神运动发展测验(TEPSI)。它还负责补充这些方面的积极策略早期刺激所获得的结果一个有功能性发育迟缓的孩子是一个不能履行他或她为年龄设定的功能的人。根据智利最新的生活质量和健康调查,11%的儿童精神运动发育迟缓在对精神运动发展的评估中,语言经常受到损害,然而,在国家层面上,这个问题的真正严重程度是未知的因此,重要的是护理专业人员管理策略,使他能够应对这一重要的健康问题。儿童在生命的前三年发展的特点是重要的习得和大脑弹性。在这一阶段,儿童在运动、认知和社会领域以及语言的习得和掌握方面取得了重大进展,这对儿童的全面发展和学习至关重要从这个意义上说,家庭,尤其是父母对孩子的成长有很大的影响,在孩子的教与学中起着关键作用父亲缺席是社会经济文化水平较低的家庭中存在的永久性特征,限制了儿童经验的获得,从而限制了儿童社会化和适应能力的发展
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引用次数: 0
Sense of coherence as a stress moderator in students 连贯感在学生压力调节中的作用
Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.15406/NCOAJ.2018.05.00168
Stefanie Leda, E. D. S. Grazziano
Professional training in the healthcare courses aims at the care of people with physical and emotional fragilities. The healthcare students, especially in the first year of their courses need a period of adaptation to deal with stressful situations, such as dealing with pain, emotional and psychological suffering, loss and mourning, with bodily intimacy and frustration.1 Researches carried out with nursing undergraduates verified the presence of stress, burnout and depression among them, and indicated as factors generating high stress, improper time management, high demand for theoretical and practical classes, and traditional and non-innovative teaching methods, according to the semester which course.1,2 The final periods of health courses lead to greater stress due to internships and future expectations: to get a job or complementing training with specialization or improvement courses? However, a prior question must be answered: how the stress and anxiety of younger healthcare students could be reduced? Or, how to promote stress coping resources for them? With the advent of positive psychology, in the last decades, researchers have developed studies to understand the influence of personality traits that are protective against stress and mood disorders. The Sense of Coherence(SOC) is a construct developed in the salutogenic model, proposed by Antonovsky,3 which suggests a holistic view of the individual centered on the generation of health through the regulation of emotional tension, besides positively influencing the decisions which affect quality of life: adoption of healthy habits and the choice to remain confident in the face of a stressful situation; persons with high SOC present higher disposition to face with the daily stressors.3,4 The SOC presents 3 components: the (a)understanding, that refers to the meaning that the person attribute to the stressful situation; (b)management, refers to the individual perception that his or she is capable to face and overcome the stressful situation, and the (c)meaning that is the feeling that life makes sense and that changes are welcome.5 Although Antonovsky3 initially stated that SOC develops in the first 3 decades of life, research has shown that this personality trait can be “trained” and strengthened throughout it.4 SOC contributes to reduce the effects of stress by modifying the perception of the situation, reducing the negative impact of stressors by cognitive assessment and coping strategies. These personality traits are highly desirable for health maintenance.6 Assuming that the students of the first semester begin the course with a higher perception of stress due to the changes that occurred in this period this study aimed to identify the perception of the general stress of this population and the presence of a sense of coherence as a protective factor to stressful situations.
保健课程中的专业培训旨在照顾身体和情感脆弱的人。医疗保健专业的学生,特别是在他们课程的第一年,需要一段时间的适应来处理压力情况,如处理疼痛、情感和心理上的痛苦、损失和哀悼,以及身体上的亲密和沮丧通过对护理本科生的研究,证实了压力、倦怠和抑郁在护理本科生中存在,并根据所选课程的学期划分,指出压力高、时间管理不当、理论和实践课程需求高、教学方法传统和非创新是导致护理本科生压力高的因素。1,2由于实习和对未来的期望,健康课程的最后阶段会带来更大的压力:找到一份工作,还是用专业或改进课程补充培训?然而,必须先回答一个问题:如何减轻年轻的医疗保健学生的压力和焦虑?或者,如何为他们提供应对压力的资源?随着积极心理学的出现,在过去的几十年里,研究人员已经开展了研究,以了解防止压力和情绪障碍的人格特征的影响。连贯性感(SOC)是由Antonovsky提出的健康生成模型(salutogenic model)中发展出来的一个概念,它提出了一种以通过调节情绪紧张产生健康为中心的个体整体观,除了积极影响影响生活质量的决策:采用健康的习惯和选择在面对压力的情况下保持自信;高SOC的人面对日常压力源的倾向更高。3,4 SOC呈现出3个组成部分:(a)理解,指的是人们对压力情境的理解;(b)管理,指的是个人认为他或她有能力面对和克服压力的情况,(c)意义是感觉生活是有意义的,变化是受欢迎的虽然安东诺夫斯基最初指出,SOC是在生命的前30年发展起来的,但研究表明,这种人格特质可以在整个生命过程中得到“训练”和加强SOC通过改变情境感知,通过认知评估和应对策略减少压力源的负面影响,从而减少压力的影响。这些性格特征对保持健康是非常必要的假设由于这一时期发生的变化,第一学期的学生以更高的压力感知开始课程,本研究旨在确定这一人群对一般压力的感知,以及作为压力情境保护因素的一致性感的存在。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of nursing pathway implementation to length of stay on neurologic patients 护理路径实施对神经内科患者住院时间的影响
Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.15406/ncoaj.2018.05.00167
Rezkiki F
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引用次数: 1
The 21st century nurse leader and the future of health care 21世纪的护士领袖和医疗保健的未来
Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.15406/ncoaj.2018.05.00165
J. Boyce, Ruth Rejouis
According to the American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE) (2015), the role of the nurse leader is expanding and evolving. As a result, nurse leaders need to build their knowledge base, “communication, knowledge, leadership, professionalism, business skills” (AONE, 2015). Each competency is represented by a circle. One circle that is at the center and touching the other four circles is leadership.
根据美国护士主管组织(AONE)(2015),护士领导的角色正在扩大和发展。因此,护士领导需要建立自己的知识库,“沟通、知识、领导、专业、业务技能”(AONE, 2015)。每个能力用一个圆圈表示。一个圆圈在中心,与其他四个圆圈相连,这就是领导力。
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引用次数: 0
Nursing supervision: key to elevating the quality and safety of care 护理监督:提高护理质量和安全的关键
Pub Date : 2018-10-12 DOI: 10.15406/ncoaj.2018.05.00163
Veronica Orozco, J. A. P. Y. Vázquez, Edith Espinoza Dorantes, M. Guerrero, Elena Ruíz Gómez
The National Commission of Medical Arbitration (CONAMED) giving continuity to the results of the investigation “ Identification of the bad practice of nursing from the medical complaint “ carried out in 20121 and after a thorough analysis of the final data that I throw such research, It was evident that standards that apply to nursing responsibilities and more specifically to monitoring, are documented downward trend, theorizing that this is an area of opportunity that can boost the work of the sick, motivating her to proactive leadership and that for application purposes, certainly it is better to give who directs tool, visualizing the empowerment of charge, ensuring that the application of knowledge to reinforce current rough and continuing education and care enabling on of human capital that later will be subject to supervision.
国家医疗仲裁委员会(CONAMED)对2012年开展的“从医疗投诉中识别护理不良行为”调查结果进行了延续,并对我提交的最终数据进行了彻底分析,很明显,适用于护理责任的标准,更具体地说,适用于监测的标准,有下降趋势。从理论上讲,这是一个有机会的领域,可以促进病人的工作,激励她积极主动的领导,为了应用的目的,当然最好是给谁指导工具,可视化授权的收费,确保知识的应用,以加强当前的粗糙和继续教育和护理,使人力资本,以后将受到监督。
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引用次数: 2
A study to assess the knowledge regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among 1st Year GNM (diploma nursing students) students studying in SND college of nursing with a view to develop an information booklet 本研究旨在了解护理学院护生一年级学生对心肺复苏术(CPR)相关知识的了解情况,并编制相关资料手册
Pub Date : 2018-10-09 DOI: 10.15406/NCOAJ.2018.05.00162
Vijayaraddi, Ali, Akash Gujar, Urmila Kachare, Nikita Kapadne, Vanita Nagare, Lalita Raut, Wankar Padvi
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a lifesaving technique for victims of sudden cardiac arrest. Despite advances in resuscitation science, basic life support remains a critical factor in determining outcomes. The American Heart Association recommendations for adult basic life support incorporate the most recently published evidence and serve as the basis for education and training for laypeople and healthcare providers who perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines of compression-only life support (COLS) for management of the victim with cardiopulmonary arrest in adults provide a stepwise algorithmic approach for optimal outcome of the victim outside the hospital by untrained laypersons. These guidelines have been developed to recommend practical, uniform and acceptable resuscitation algorithms across India. As resuscitation data of the Indian population are inadequate, these guidelines have been based on international literature. The guidelines have been recommended after discussion among Indian experts and the recommendations modified to ensure its practical applicability across the country.1
心肺复苏术是对心脏骤停患者的救命技术。尽管复苏科学取得了进步,但基本生命支持仍然是决定预后的关键因素。美国心脏协会关于成人基本生命支持的建议纳入了最近发表的证据,并作为进行心肺复苏的外行人和医疗保健提供者的教育和培训的基础。仅按压生命支持(COLS)的心肺复苏(CPR)指南,用于管理成人心肺骤停的受害者,提供了一种逐步算法方法,使未经训练的外行人在医院外对受害者进行最佳结果。制定这些指南是为了在印度各地推荐实用、统一和可接受的复苏算法。由于印度人口的复苏数据不足,这些指南是基于国际文献。该指导方针是在印度专家讨论后提出的,并对建议进行了修改,以确保其在全国范围内的实际适用性
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引用次数: 1
Notifying a death in medicine 医学上的死亡通知
Pub Date : 2018-09-11 DOI: 10.15406/NCOAJ.2018.05.00160
Josefa Ramirez
The objective of the doctors is to maintain the state of health, with the purpose of prolonging the life and the quality of life of the individual, the family and the community. This objective is achieved by undertaking actions aimed at effectively contributing to the education of the patient and their physical, family and social environment. Developing measures focused on prevention, restitution of health and efficiency of health services, through the use of scientific advances However, a natural aspect in the cycle of life is the conclusion of this. Where there is the organic impossibility of maintaining the homeostatic process reaching the state defined as biological death. Such an entity is approached differently according to the cultural, ideological or religious context of the relatives. However for the doctor, this fact according to their degree of maturity, translates into a psychological and emotionally complex situation. Since it must communicate this event to people in charge of the already deceased and few are doctors, who are with the skills to communicate it properly. In order to facilitate this task, we describe a practical and dynamic fourstep protocol, described by Dr. José Félix Saavedra Ramírez, using the Baile and Buckman model as a reference to communicate bad news.4–8
医生的目标是维持健康状况,以延长个人、家庭和社区的生命和生活质量。为了实现这一目标,采取了旨在有效促进对病人及其身体、家庭和社会环境的教育的行动。通过利用科学进步,制定以预防、恢复健康和提高保健服务效率为重点的措施。然而,这是生命周期的一个自然方面。机体不可能维持体内平衡的过程达到生物死亡的状态。根据亲属的文化、意识形态或宗教背景,对待这种实体的方式不同。然而对于医生来说,这一事实根据他们的成熟程度,转化为心理和情感上的复杂情况。因为它必须将这一事件传达给负责已经死亡的人,而很少有医生,他们有能力正确地传达这一信息。为了促进这项任务,我们描述了一个实用的、动态的四步协议,由jos f lix Saavedra Ramírez博士描述,使用Baile和Buckman模型作为传达坏消息的参考
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引用次数: 0
Families that integrate self-care dependent individuals 有自我照顾依赖者的家庭
Pub Date : 2018-08-31 DOI: 10.15406/ncoaj.2018.05.00159
Andreia Silva da Costa
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引用次数: 0
Self-mutilation nursing diagnosis concept of analysis of the NANDA-I taxonomy 自残护理诊断概念分析NANDA-I分类
Pub Date : 2018-08-29 DOI: 10.15406/ncoaj.2018.05.00158
Isabella Cristina Fernandes Peixoto
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引用次数: 1
Time required for caring: an experience from the Nursing process 护理所需的时间:护理过程中的经验
Pub Date : 2018-08-21 DOI: 10.15406/ncoaj.2018.05.00157
Dora Lucía Gaviria Noreña
Know the nursing staff required for care, is one management challenges, since it must analyze progress scientists technological and discipline in the social, economic and political context in which people live, families and communities and the demands of social and health services. As Hurts expresses it,2 have been identified methods for calculating nursing staff as professional judgment by experts, the method of nurses per occupied bed, the analysis of the dependence of the degree of complexity of care and quality of activities, task-timed activity method and, finally, those based on regression analysis . The method proposed here is done following the Nursing Process PAE complemented by the actions that support care. Today the challenge is greater when it is declared to the nursing, by organism s such as the World Health Organization and the International Council of Nursing –ICNguarantor of the right to health and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals; is effective by providing quality care to people of all ages, and perform action ones of health promotion and disease prevention. WHO estimates that nurses and midwives account for almost half of all health workers worldwide. However, for all countries to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3 on health and well-being, WHO estimates that by the year 2030 there will be an additional 9 million nurses and midwives around the world.3
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Nursing & Care Open Access Journal
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