Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387454
B. Cougo, Thierry Meynard, Henri Schneider
The increase of electrical energy consumption in modern aircrafts stimulates manufactures to install a 540V DC bus in future aircrafts, together with the existing 270V and 28V DC buses. Energy transferred between the high voltage DC bus (HVDC, 270V) and the low voltage DC bus (LVDC, 28V) is made by bidirectional isolated DC-DC converters. A performing topology for these types of converters is the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) given its soft switching properties and the low number of components, which allow the converter to be highly compact. This paper introduces a new topology of DAB (named DABRSP) which uses only 4 switches at the high voltage (HV) side and can be used in 270V and 540V DC buses without oversizing switches. Oversizing is observed if regular Full Bridge (FB) or Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) converters are used in the HV side of the DAB. The proposed topology allows Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) the same way as in a typical DAB converter and it makes uses of a particular transformer to “magnetically” sum up 2-level voltages.
{"title":"Reconfigurable dual active bridge converter for aircraft applications","authors":"B. Cougo, Thierry Meynard, Henri Schneider","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387454","url":null,"abstract":"The increase of electrical energy consumption in modern aircrafts stimulates manufactures to install a 540V DC bus in future aircrafts, together with the existing 270V and 28V DC buses. Energy transferred between the high voltage DC bus (HVDC, 270V) and the low voltage DC bus (LVDC, 28V) is made by bidirectional isolated DC-DC converters. A performing topology for these types of converters is the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) given its soft switching properties and the low number of components, which allow the converter to be highly compact. This paper introduces a new topology of DAB (named DABRSP) which uses only 4 switches at the high voltage (HV) side and can be used in 270V and 540V DC buses without oversizing switches. Oversizing is observed if regular Full Bridge (FB) or Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) converters are used in the HV side of the DAB. The proposed topology allows Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) the same way as in a typical DAB converter and it makes uses of a particular transformer to “magnetically” sum up 2-level voltages.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127405287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387483
G. Grandi, P. Sanjeevikumar, Y. Gritli, F. Filippetti
Fault-tolerant control strategies for quad-inverter based multiphase-multilevel converters are proposed and experimentally verified in this paper. Explicitly, the conversion scheme consists of four standard 2-level three-phase voltage source inverters (VSIs), able to supply a dual three-phase induction motor in open-end stator winding configuration (asymmetric six-phase machine), quadrupling the utility power of a single VSI within given voltage and current ratings. The developed modulation scheme has the capability to generate multilevel output voltage waveforms in healthy conditions, equivalent to the one of a 3-level VSI, and to share the total motor power among the four dc sources in each switching cycle. This sharing potentiality is investigated under post-fault operating conditions, when one VSI completely insulated due to a severe failure on it. In such circumstances, the quad-inverter system can perform with reduced power rating by a proper modulation of the remaining three healthy VSIs. The complete multi-phase-multilevel conversion system with the proposed control algorithm under healthy and post-fault operating conditions has been verified by experimental implementation in open-loop control aspect using two dsp TMS320-F2812 processors with two three-phase passive loads in open-end configuration.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of fault-tolerant control strategies for quad-inverter converters","authors":"G. Grandi, P. Sanjeevikumar, Y. Gritli, F. Filippetti","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387483","url":null,"abstract":"Fault-tolerant control strategies for quad-inverter based multiphase-multilevel converters are proposed and experimentally verified in this paper. Explicitly, the conversion scheme consists of four standard 2-level three-phase voltage source inverters (VSIs), able to supply a dual three-phase induction motor in open-end stator winding configuration (asymmetric six-phase machine), quadrupling the utility power of a single VSI within given voltage and current ratings. The developed modulation scheme has the capability to generate multilevel output voltage waveforms in healthy conditions, equivalent to the one of a 3-level VSI, and to share the total motor power among the four dc sources in each switching cycle. This sharing potentiality is investigated under post-fault operating conditions, when one VSI completely insulated due to a severe failure on it. In such circumstances, the quad-inverter system can perform with reduced power rating by a proper modulation of the remaining three healthy VSIs. The complete multi-phase-multilevel conversion system with the proposed control algorithm under healthy and post-fault operating conditions has been verified by experimental implementation in open-loop control aspect using two dsp TMS320-F2812 processors with two three-phase passive loads in open-end configuration.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128149392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387456
K. Shikata, H. Aoki, Y. Tasaka
Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd. (Hereunder;, Tokyo Metro) and Toshiba Corporation (Hereunder; Toshiba) successfully developed and introduced PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) propulsion system for Tokyo Metro Line in Tokyo Japan. It has been past four (4) years without problems since the first revenue service was started. This paper explains the background and evolution of the system and reports the confirmed productive results in view of “Energy savings”, “Low noise emission” and “Less maintenance”.
{"title":"PMSM propulsion system for Tokyo Metro","authors":"K. Shikata, H. Aoki, Y. Tasaka","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387456","url":null,"abstract":"Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd. (Hereunder;, Tokyo Metro) and Toshiba Corporation (Hereunder; Toshiba) successfully developed and introduced PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) propulsion system for Tokyo Metro Line in Tokyo Japan. It has been past four (4) years without problems since the first revenue service was started. This paper explains the background and evolution of the system and reports the confirmed productive results in view of “Energy savings”, “Low noise emission” and “Less maintenance”.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115461897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387408
G. Popa, S. Arsene, M. Mihailescu
The traction motors, in order for the vehicle to operate at the start up regime. The analysis of the control parameters was accomplished considering the case of a 6400 kW locomotive with four asynchronous tri-phase traction motors.
{"title":"Startup railway vehicles with asynchronous traction motors","authors":"G. Popa, S. Arsene, M. Mihailescu","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387408","url":null,"abstract":"The traction motors, in order for the vehicle to operate at the start up regime. The analysis of the control parameters was accomplished considering the case of a 6400 kW locomotive with four asynchronous tri-phase traction motors.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115749566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387378
M. Pelc, S. Med, M. Dub
EHAS (Electro Hydrostatic Actuation System) is progressive technology used in the design of advanced aircraft hydraulic systems. This paper describes the design process of an experimental EHAS power pack, which is suitable for already built fourth generation inherently unstable combat aircraft. The power pack is going to be modified to fit in available commercial parts uncertified for aviation, for instance power relays, ultra capacitor cells, control blocks, sensors, etc. Still, relevant results for an optimal power ratio between the power source, EAU[7] (Electronic Accumulator Unit), and the hydraulic accumulator determination are expected. Due to better energy distribution control, it will be possible to set the power pack to several operation modes, such as economic, normal, high performance and emergency modes. It is intended to perform series of measurements to make clear if several power pack operation modes are as beneficial as expected. Verification of the EAU capabilities is another part of the intended experiment. Moreover, it is planned to measure ultra capacitor heat generation and to observe behaviour of the power pack during simulated EAU malfunctions.
{"title":"Concept of experimental EHAS power pack design","authors":"M. Pelc, S. Med, M. Dub","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387378","url":null,"abstract":"EHAS (Electro Hydrostatic Actuation System) is progressive technology used in the design of advanced aircraft hydraulic systems. This paper describes the design process of an experimental EHAS power pack, which is suitable for already built fourth generation inherently unstable combat aircraft. The power pack is going to be modified to fit in available commercial parts uncertified for aviation, for instance power relays, ultra capacitor cells, control blocks, sensors, etc. Still, relevant results for an optimal power ratio between the power source, EAU[7] (Electronic Accumulator Unit), and the hydraulic accumulator determination are expected. Due to better energy distribution control, it will be possible to set the power pack to several operation modes, such as economic, normal, high performance and emergency modes. It is intended to perform series of measurements to make clear if several power pack operation modes are as beneficial as expected. Verification of the EAU capabilities is another part of the intended experiment. Moreover, it is planned to measure ultra capacitor heat generation and to observe behaviour of the power pack during simulated EAU malfunctions.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114944774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387502
S. Steentjes, M. Lessmann, K. Hameyer
The accurate prediction of iron losses of soft magnetic materials for various frequencies and magnetic flux densities is eminent for an enhanced design of electrical machines in automotive applications. For this purpose different phenomeno-logical iron-loss models have been proposed describing the loss generating effects. Most of these suffer from poor accuracy for high frequencies as well as high values of magnetic flux densities. This paper presents a comparison of the common iron-loss models to an advanced iron-loss formula. The proposed IEM-Formula resolves the limitation of the common iron-loss models by introducing a high order term of the magnetic flux density. Exemplarily, the iron-loss formula is utilized to calculate the iron losses of an induction machine for the drive train of a full electric vehicle.
{"title":"Advanced iron-loss calculation as a basis for efficiency improvement of electrical machines in automotive application","authors":"S. Steentjes, M. Lessmann, K. Hameyer","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387502","url":null,"abstract":"The accurate prediction of iron losses of soft magnetic materials for various frequencies and magnetic flux densities is eminent for an enhanced design of electrical machines in automotive applications. For this purpose different phenomeno-logical iron-loss models have been proposed describing the loss generating effects. Most of these suffer from poor accuracy for high frequencies as well as high values of magnetic flux densities. This paper presents a comparison of the common iron-loss models to an advanced iron-loss formula. The proposed IEM-Formula resolves the limitation of the common iron-loss models by introducing a high order term of the magnetic flux density. Exemplarily, the iron-loss formula is utilized to calculate the iron losses of an induction machine for the drive train of a full electric vehicle.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129564917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387474
D. Siemaszko
In the context of the multiplication of micro-grids or delocalized energy sources, one must face more and more disturbances coming especially from weaker isolated grids. The control of the active rectifier unit connecting the grid must be designed not only for surviving a voltage dip with some ride-through methods, but for actually controlling the currents during a network unbalance. This purpose is served with the accurate synchronization to the grid considering all its perturbations and allowing advanced dynamics for any type of disturbances. This paper presents the use of a performant PLL coming from renewable sources power converters oriented for drive applications.
{"title":"Grid synchronization of power converters to weak unbalanced networks with disturbances","authors":"D. Siemaszko","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387474","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the multiplication of micro-grids or delocalized energy sources, one must face more and more disturbances coming especially from weaker isolated grids. The control of the active rectifier unit connecting the grid must be designed not only for surviving a voltage dip with some ride-through methods, but for actually controlling the currents during a network unbalance. This purpose is served with the accurate synchronization to the grid considering all its perturbations and allowing advanced dynamics for any type of disturbances. This paper presents the use of a performant PLL coming from renewable sources power converters oriented for drive applications.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130195076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387478
K. Papadopoulos, D. Siemaszko, N. Margaris
A systematic automatic tuning method for PID-type controllers in SISO systems is proposed. The method is inspired from the Magnitude Optimum design criterion and considers 1) the existence of a poor process model and 2) access to the output of the process and not to its states, as it frequently happens in many industry applications. For applying the method, an open-loop experiment of the process is carried out which serves for initializing the algorithm. The method proceeds by identifying on line the dominant time constants of the plant and the `parasitic' one of the closed-loop system. The potential of the proposed method is justified on the vector control loop of a grid power converter via simulation results.
{"title":"Optimal automatic tuning of PID controllers applied to Grid Converters","authors":"K. Papadopoulos, D. Siemaszko, N. Margaris","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387478","url":null,"abstract":"A systematic automatic tuning method for PID-type controllers in SISO systems is proposed. The method is inspired from the Magnitude Optimum design criterion and considers 1) the existence of a poor process model and 2) access to the output of the process and not to its states, as it frequently happens in many industry applications. For applying the method, an open-loop experiment of the process is carried out which serves for initializing the algorithm. The method proceeds by identifying on line the dominant time constants of the plant and the `parasitic' one of the closed-loop system. The potential of the proposed method is justified on the vector control loop of a grid power converter via simulation results.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130727195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387401
M. Yamashita, T. Soeda
When a wheel slip occurs on a certain axle or when re-adhesion control is executed, the tractive effort of the wheel-slip axle changes, which causes pitching of the bogie and the carbody. As a result, weight on other axles changes, which may induce wheel slip. This paper explains the development of a control system designed to reduce wheel slip induced by axle-weight changes caused by other wheel slips. To verify the effectiveness of the control method, a water spray wheel-slip test was conducted using an EH200-type DC electric locomotive.
{"title":"Development of a new traction control method to suppress wheel-slip of electric locomotives","authors":"M. Yamashita, T. Soeda","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387401","url":null,"abstract":"When a wheel slip occurs on a certain axle or when re-adhesion control is executed, the tractive effort of the wheel-slip axle changes, which causes pitching of the bogie and the carbody. As a result, weight on other axles changes, which may induce wheel slip. This paper explains the development of a control system designed to reduce wheel slip induced by axle-weight changes caused by other wheel slips. To verify the effectiveness of the control method, a water spray wheel-slip test was conducted using an EH200-type DC electric locomotive.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129914200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-24DOI: 10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387376
Yang Shanshui, L. Meng, Ligang Ruan, Jian Zhao, L. Wang
The electric power distribution system is an important part in modern aircraft electric power supply system. In this paper, the fundament of the aircraft electric power distribution system is briefly described through an example. According to the aircraft electric power characteristics defined in National Military Standard, the models of important components in the distribution system are established, such as GCU, GB, BTB, TRU. The logic relations of these components are abstracted. The approaches to establish distribution system models are discussed. The distribution system of the new type of aircraft is simulated applying the models. The validity of the models is verified by comparing the simulation waves and the experiment wave.
{"title":"Modeling and simulation of aircraft automatic power distribution system","authors":"Yang Shanshui, L. Meng, Ligang Ruan, Jian Zhao, L. Wang","doi":"10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESARS.2012.6387376","url":null,"abstract":"The electric power distribution system is an important part in modern aircraft electric power supply system. In this paper, the fundament of the aircraft electric power distribution system is briefly described through an example. According to the aircraft electric power characteristics defined in National Military Standard, the models of important components in the distribution system are established, such as GCU, GB, BTB, TRU. The logic relations of these components are abstracted. The approaches to establish distribution system models are discussed. The distribution system of the new type of aircraft is simulated applying the models. The validity of the models is verified by comparing the simulation waves and the experiment wave.","PeriodicalId":243822,"journal":{"name":"2012 Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway and Ship Propulsion","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132878103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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