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SOFTWARE GENERATORS IN THE GPSS WORLD ENVIRONMENT FOR DISTRIBUTIONS-PROBABILITY MIXTURES WITH QUALITYASSESSMENT RESULTS GPSS 世界环境中的分布-概率混合物软件生成器及质量评估结果
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2023.21.1.01
This article presents quality assessment results for the software generators of pseudo-random sequences (PRS) presented in [1; 2] for QS simulation, including second-order hyper-Erlang and hyper-exponential distributions of the second order, that flows organically from these works. These distribution laws are in demand in queuing theory as it provides a big range of changes in the variation coefficient which plays an important role in the average queue delay calculating. There is no data on such generators neither in scientific literature, no in the GPSS WORLD library. Software generator quality evaluation, regardless of the programming language, is usually made according to statistical tests. In this case, chi-squared and Kolmogorov-Smirnov’s tests are used. In addition, the comparison between theoretical and statistical aspects of the corresponding order is provided. Unlike simple distribution laws, for which the use of the above mentioned statistical tests is provided for in well-known software products and does not cause any difficulties, in our case automatic testing is impossible. The well-known packages STATISTICA, STATGAPHICS, Matlab/Simulink, etc. do not provide for the use of the hyper-Erlang and hyper-exponential distribution laws we consider. Therefore, the Pearson statistical test is calculated and checked manually. The presented results should be useful for professionals of discrete event modeling in the GPSS WORLD environment.
本文介绍了[1;2]中提出的用于 QS 模拟的伪随机序列(PRS)软件生成器的质量评估结果,包括二阶超二郎分布和二阶超指数分布,它们是这些著作的有机组成部分。队列理论需要这些分布规律,因为它提供了变化系数的大范围变化,而变化系数在计算平均队列延迟时起着重要作用。科学文献和全球定位系统 WORLD 库中都没有关于此类生成器的数据。无论使用哪种编程语言,软件生成器的质量评估通常都是通过统计检验进行的。在这种情况下,使用的是卡方检验和 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 检验。此外,还提供了相应顺序的理论和统计方面的比较。与简单分布规律不同的是,上述统计检验的使用在知名软件产品中都有提供,不会造成任 何困难,但在我们的案例中,自动检测是不可能的。知名软件包 STATISTICA、STATGAPHICS、Matlab/Simulink 等都不提供使用我们所考虑的超 Erlang 和超指数分布规律的功能。因此,需要手动计算和检查皮尔逊统计检验。所提供的结果对于在 GPSS WORLD 环境中进行离散事件建模的专业人员应该是有用的。
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引用次数: 0
ANTENNAS FOR INSTALLATION ON UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES 安装在无人驾驶飞行器上的天线
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2023.21.1.05
The widespread use of unmanned aerial vehicles for various purposes, expanding scope of their application and ever-increasing requirements for the durability of communication channels urgently require the development of new effective antenna solutions for the equipment of command radio control lines and payloads. The article is devoted to a brief analysis of the available information about the radio lines of unmanned aerial vehicles, solutions in the field of antennas for the equipment of command control radio lines and payload and the study of perspective antennas for the repeaters placed on unmanned aerial vehicles. The review of the general types of antennas that may be installed on unmanned aerial vehicles, including pin, microstrip and spiral ones, as well as antenna arrays based on them, made it possible to substantiate the prospects of using low-profile and spiral antennas for repeaters installed on unmanned aerial vehicles. The studies conducted on the frequency and spatial characteristics of low-profile and spiral antennas have confirmed their sufficient effectiveness. Proposed solutions can be used as a basis for development of perspective antennas for repeaters installed on unmanned aerial vehicles.
无人驾驶飞行器广泛用于各种目的,其应用范围不断扩大,对通信信道耐用性的要求不断提高,这迫切需要为指挥无线电控制线路和有效载荷设备开发新的有效天线解决方案。本文将简要分析有关无人驾驶飞行器无线电线路的现有信息、指挥控制无线电线路和有效载荷设备天线领域的解决方案,以及对无人驾驶飞行器上中继器天线前景的研究。对可安装在无人飞行器上的一般类型的天线(包括针形、微带和螺旋形天线)以及以这些天线为基础的天线阵列进行了审查,从而证实了在无人飞行器上安装的中继器中使用低剖面和螺旋形天线的前景。对低剖面天线和螺旋天线的频率和空间特性进行的研究证实了它们的充分有效性。提出的解决方案可作为开发安装在无人驾驶飞行器上的中继器的透视天线的基础。
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引用次数: 0
APPLICATION OF COMPUTER MODELING TO STREAMLINE THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS 应用电脑建模以简化教学过程
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2022.20.3.14
The article describes some actual issues related to computer modeling of educational processes in the context of developing information technologies and increasing use of distance learning elements. Definitions of various learning types are given: in-person, distance, interactive, collaborative. Various options of students' work are determined, such as taking notes, questioning, Case method, testing, laboratory and calculation-graphic works. Performance and evaluation criteria are defined for each of the methods. A scale for assessing the complexity of each type of work has been developed. The average integral and complex integral assessments for all criteria have been derived. As a result of comparing the average integral and complex integral assessments, it is shown that interactive learning is the most preferable among the other types of learning considered in this article. Interactive learning contributes to improving the quality of education through the possibility of interaction between participants in the learning process. The possibility of active joint search for information, its discussion, comprehension and application make the interactive learning option more productive in terms of motivation of students.
本文描述了在发展信息技术和增加远程学习元素使用的背景下,与教育过程的计算机建模有关的一些实际问题。给出了各种学习类型的定义:面对面、远程、互动、协作。确定了学生作业的多种选择,如记笔记、提问、案例法、测试、实验和计算图形作业。为每种方法定义了性能和评估标准。已经制定了评估每一种工作的复杂程度的尺度。导出了所有准则的平均积分和复积分评价。通过对平均积分和复杂积分评估的比较,我们发现在本文所考虑的其他类型的学习中,互动学习是最可取的。互动学习通过学习过程中参与者之间的互动,有助于提高教育质量。主动联合搜索信息、讨论、理解和应用的可能性,使交互式学习选项在学生的动机方面更富有成效。
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引用次数: 0
FORECASTING WORK OF INTENSIVE CARE UNIT ON THE BASIS OF STATISTICAL SIMULATION 基于统计模拟的重症监护病房预测工作
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2022.20.3.08
The profound economic transformations taking place in Russia, the transition of health care to new management mechanisms, and the focus on insurance medicine give special actuality to improving the operational management of medical and prophylactic institutions and related services. Given the complexity of the system under study, a mathematic simulation was applied. Study purpose: To increase the efficiency of the resuscitation and intensive care unit through possible planning, based on studying the features of the functioning of this type units. Methods: A method of statistical simulation is proposed as a particular method of mathematical modeling for studying the functioning of the resuscitation and intensive care unit, which was not previously used in this direction. Results: During the work, the intensive care unit no. 2 of the Samara Regional Clinical Hospital named after V.D. Seredavin and the business process of the department’s functioning were studied, an averaged process was selected, a statistical study of the business process was carried out, and the distribution laws were identified and evaluated. Some simulation algorithms were developed based on a random number generator for individual random variables, and some statistical indicators were determined, which were calculated during implementation of all these algorithms. Using the specialized AnyLogic tool, we managed to develop a model of resuscitation and intensive care unit work, the number of runs was determined and considered in the program for the possibility of conducting experiments and comparing the data received. An experiment was performed on a model with changing various input data. The data obtained were analyzed, including using specialized software, and some consistent patterns were identified. Practical significance: Directions for optimizing the work of the department were proposed, and mathematical formulas were suggested for predicting and monitoring the operation of an intensive care unit.
俄罗斯正在发生的深刻的经济转型、卫生保健向新的管理机制的过渡以及对保险医疗的重视,为改善医疗和预防机构及相关服务的业务管理提供了特殊的现实。考虑到所研究系统的复杂性,采用了数学模拟方法。研究目的:在研究复苏重症监护病房功能特点的基础上,通过可能的规划,提高复苏重症监护病房的效率。方法:提出了一种统计模拟方法,作为研究复苏和重症监护病房功能的一种特殊的数学建模方法,这种方法以前没有在这个方向上使用过。结果:在工作中,重症监护病房no.;以V.D. Seredavin命名的萨马拉地区临床医院的2个科室和科室运作的业务流程进行了研究,选取平均流程,对业务流程进行统计研究,识别并评价其分布规律。基于单个随机变量的随机数生成器开发了一些仿真算法,并确定了一些统计指标,这些指标是在所有这些算法的实现过程中计算的。使用专门的AnyLogic工具,我们成功地开发了复苏和重症监护病房工作的模型,在程序中确定并考虑了进行实验和比较接收到的数据的可能性。在一个改变各种输入数据的模型上进行了实验。对获得的数据进行了分析,包括使用专门的软件,并确定了一些一致的模式。现实意义:提出科室优化工作方向,提出预测和监测重症监护病房运行的数学公式。
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引用次数: 0
TEACHING PHRASAL VERBS STUDENTS OF A NON-LINGUISTIC UNIVERSITY 非语言大学学生动词短语教学
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2022.20.3.13
The article is devoted to some aspects of teaching students of a non-linguistic university to use phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs represent a special layer of English vocabulary and are an important component of native speakers’ speech. Phrasal verbs are considered as a language material of increased complexity. The author is of the opinion that the level of proficiency in phrasal verbs is a kind of students’ communicative competence marker. The article contains a typology of phrasal verbs, accompanied with a linguistic commentary and factual material. The variability of methods and different approaches to teaching phrasal verbs are presented. The author comes to the conclusion that it is quite productive to apply both the grammar-translation and direct teaching methods in practice. As a confirmation, the author enunciates the existing internal and external criteria for the effectiveness of teaching phrasal verbs.
本文就非语言院校学生动词短语教学的几个方面进行了探讨。动词短语是英语词汇的一个特殊层次,是母语人士讲话的重要组成部分。动词短语被认为是一种越来越复杂的语言材料。作者认为,动词短语的熟练程度是学生交际能力的一种标志。这篇文章包含动词短语的类型学,并附有语言学评论和事实材料。介绍了动词短语教学方法的多变性和不同的教学方法。笔者认为,将语法翻译法和直接教学法结合起来,在实践中是很有成效的。作为确认,作者阐述了动词短语教学有效性的现有内部和外部标准。
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引用次数: 0
PARAMETRICAL SYNTHESIS OF PEAK-PHASE MODULATORS WITH THE SET QUANTITY OF IDENTICAL CASCADES OF TYPE «THE NONLINEAR PART – THE RESISTIVE TWO-PORT NETWORK» 具有一定数量的“非线性部分-电阻双端口网络”类型的相同级联的峰相调制器的参数合成
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2022.20.3.12
Resistive elements possess independence of their resistance from frequency in a very wide band of frequencies. Therefore, developing algorithms of parametrical synthesis of amplitude-phase modulators with the use of resistive matching four-pole networks is an actual task. In this work, matching provides the set dependence of a relation of modules and a difference of transfer function phases from frequency in two conditions of a nonlinear element defined by two levels of a control signal. The nonlinear part represents a three-pole nonlinear element with a feedback. The interrelations between elements of the classical matrix of transferring in four-pole networks are established, and the formulas for defining resistances of their two-pole units that are optimum by the criterion of amplitude-phase modulation of an outputt signal are determined. The theory of four-pole networks, as well as the methods of matrix algebra, parametrical synthesis of UHF control devices, decomposition and circuit analysis of radio devices are used. The comparative analysis of theoretical results (AFC and PFC of modulators in two states) received by mathematical modelling in the «MathCad» system and of experimental results received by circuit simulation in the «OrCad» and «MicroCap» systems shows their satisfactory coincidence.
在很宽的频率范围内,电阻元件的电阻与频率无关。因此,利用电阻匹配四极网络开发幅相调制器的参数合成算法是一项实际任务。在这项工作中,匹配提供了模块关系的集合依赖性和传递函数相位与频率的差异,在由控制信号的两个电平定义的非线性元素的两种条件下。非线性部分为带反馈的三极非线性单元。建立了四极网络中经典传输矩阵各元素之间的相互关系,并确定了以输出信号的幅相位调制为准则的两极单元最优电阻的定义公式。运用了四极网络理论、矩阵代数、超高频控制装置的参数综合、无线电装置的分解和电路分析等方法。在MathCad系统中进行数学建模得到的理论结果(两种状态下调制器的AFC和PFC)与在OrCad和MicroCap系统中进行电路仿真得到的实验结果进行了比较分析,结果表明它们具有令人满意的一致性。
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引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM TO INCREASE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF A SPORTS CLUB USING A SYSTEM OF BALANCED INDICATORS 发展一套资讯系统,以平衡指标系统提升体育俱乐部的竞争力
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2022.20.3.10
The article considers the system of balanced indicators as a method of developing and implementing a general concept of organization development. The system of balanced indicators makes it possible to identify the main modules of a sports club's activities, to show their impact on improving efficiency and competitiveness, and as a result, making a profit. A strategic map has been developed showing the interconnection of all components included in the system of balanced indicators. It is shown that in order to increase the competitiveness of a sports club, it is advisable to use an information system that allows including not only young athletes and their coaches, but also parents in the training process. Inclusion of all interested parties in the training process makes it possible to increase the attractiveness of a club and influence its internal business processes. The article shows that increase in a club's profit is possible due to development of its internal business processes, development of its personnel, and monitoring of the market. The functionality of the developed information system is given. The difference between the developed information system and the information systems offered in the market is shown.
本文认为平衡指标体系是组织发展总体概念的一种制定和实施方法。平衡指标体系可以确定体育俱乐部活动的主要模块,显示其对提高效率和竞争力的影响,从而实现盈利。已编制了一份战略地图,显示平衡指标系统所包括的所有组成部分的相互联系。研究表明,为了提高体育俱乐部的竞争力,在训练过程中使用一个不仅允许年轻运动员和他们的教练,而且允许家长参与的信息系统是可取的。将所有有关各方纳入培训过程,就有可能增加俱乐部的吸引力并影响其内部业务流程。这篇文章表明,俱乐部利润的增加是可能的,因为它的内部业务流程的发展,其人员的发展,并监测市场。给出了开发的信息系统的功能。显示了已开发的信息系统与市场上提供的信息系统之间的差异。
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引用次数: 0
ABOUT THE AVERAGE MAXIMUM VALUES OF QUEUES IN QUEUING SYSTEMS 关于排队系统中排队的平均最大值
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2022.20.3.05
In the classical theory of queuing systems, the assumption of mutual independence of events is fundamental, so we propose to consider the basic principles of the interval method of traffic analysis, which allows us to replace analysis of time intervals between neighboring requests and time intervals for processing requests by analyzing one random variable, i. e. the number of requests received during successive intervals of time for processing each of requests. The concepts of mean maximum values of queues and limiting maximum values are introduced. It is shown that the limit maximum value in a queue will be the largest of the possible maximum values for a given total value of requests in queues during one service cycle. The mean maximum score is the average of the maximum queue values. To determine the characteristics of traffic, we use the well-known «Leaky_bucket» algorithm. The proposed traffic model is based on the total number of requests during their processing cycles. Experimental modeling of the proposed method showed that variance and correlation properties of a specified random variable for a given load completely characterize the average queue size in a queuing system.
在经典的排队系统理论中,事件相互独立的假设是基本的,因此我们提出考虑流量分析的间隔方法的基本原理,该方法允许我们通过分析一个随机变量,即在处理每个请求的连续时间间隔内收到的请求的数量,来取代相邻请求之间的时间间隔和处理请求的时间间隔的分析。引入了队列均值最大值和极限最大值的概念。结果表明,队列中的极限最大值将是一个服务周期内队列中给定请求总价值的可能最大值中最大的一个。平均最大分数是最大队列值的平均值。为了确定流量的特征,我们使用了众所周知的«Leaky_bucket»算法。所建议的流量模型基于处理周期内的请求总数。该方法的实验建模表明,对于给定负载,指定随机变量的方差和相关性质完全表征了排队系统中的平均队列大小。
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引用次数: 0
RESEARCH OF INTERRELATION OF INDICATORS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF ELECTRONIC BUSINESS 电子商务背景下俄罗斯联邦信息社会发展指标相互关系研究
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2022.20.3.07
The relevance of this work is determined by the development and rooting of digital technologies in various aspects of activities of enterprises. In the course of the work, the interrelations of the main indicators of information society development in the context of electronic business were investigated. The article presents the main indicators having a stable interdependence. The data is presented in the form of graphs. To plot the graphs, data were used for Russia as a whole, while for individual indicators they relate to all regions. The conducted research helps to determine the nature of the complex of problems in digital transformation of businesses and their solutions, while indirectly contributing to assess the digital maturity of enterprises. The upcoming studies of the problems imply a thorough experimental examination and summary of scientific data. The layout of an enterprise's digital maturity sets the main vector of required transformations.
这项工作的相关性是由数字技术在企业活动的各个方面的发展和扎根决定的。在工作过程中,研究了电子商务背景下信息社会发展的主要指标之间的相互关系。文章提出了具有稳定相互依赖关系的主要指标。数据以图表的形式呈现。为了绘制图表,我们使用了俄罗斯整体的数据,而个别指标则与所有地区有关。所进行的研究有助于确定企业数字化转型中复杂问题的性质及其解决方案,同时间接有助于评估企业的数字化成熟度。对这些问题即将进行的研究意味着彻底的实验检查和科学数据的总结。企业数字化成熟度的布局设置了所需转换的主要向量。
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引用次数: 0
MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE OPENFLOW CONTROLLER IN THE EXPERIMENTAL SAMPLE OF THE NETWORK 在网络的实验样本中测量openflow控制器的性能
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.18469/ikt.2022.20.3.06
The OpenFlow protocol is the main technology formed among the first concepts of software-defined systems. This technology makes it possible to develop external software shells necessary for increasing the functionality of switching, routing and information processing processes, not depending on modern equipment and firmware versions and formed separately by an external controller. One of the main tasks of the work that needs to be done is to study changes in packet delays on the FloodLight controller, which does not have a flow table of the OpenFlow switch. In addition, it is necessary to find out the packet loss in the experimental network sample in the Mininet virtual environment. The study was conducted using some modern tools and technologies, and an analysis of the domain and requirements was previously carried out. Based on the results obtained experimentally, some conclusions were drawn and some recommendations on the use of the OpenFlow protocol in early stages of development for small networks were made.
OpenFlow协议是在软件定义系统的最初概念中形成的主要技术。这项技术使得开发增加交换、路由和信息处理过程功能所必需的外部软件外壳成为可能,而不依赖于现代设备和固件版本,并由外部控制器单独形成。需要完成的工作的主要任务之一是研究泛光灯控制器上数据包延迟的变化,该控制器没有OpenFlow交换机的流表。此外,在Mininet虚拟环境中,有必要找出实验网络样本中的丢包情况。该研究使用了一些现代工具和技术,并对领域和需求进行了分析。根据实验结果,得出了一些结论,并对在小型网络开发的早期阶段使用OpenFlow协议提出了一些建议。
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引用次数: 0
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