Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology最新文献

{"title":"Modern society: new challenges and risks","authors":"A. Danilov, D. K. Bezniuk, I. Bogdevich, Pavel A. Vodopiyanov, I. D. Volotovsky, A. Zelenkov, A. Mamedov, Marina A. Mojeiko, Anatoly V. Rubanau, L. Titarenko, V. Shcherbin","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-12-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-12-33","url":null,"abstract":"The round table is devoted to the discussion on a wide range of problems related to new challenges and prospects for the development of modern society. These are the challenges of global instability, bio- and cybersecurity, pandemic problems, digitalisation, which all lead the world to large-scale crises: economic, environmental, anthropological, etc. In the conditions of global instability, there is a rise of connections and interactions that fix new social changes, some other integrity, and the crisis of the technogenic civilisation. In this case, modernity is perceived not as a completed project, but as a process of updating social reality, a person’s ideas about society. It includes the main aspects of human relations to the world, and opens up a great civilisational diversity, which only grows with time. The catalysts of change on the way to a new modernity are values that reflect changes in life meanings under the influence of social life. Constantly emerging new risks and challenges motivate the reset of values that are tested in the depths of culture and only after that become ideals for imitation and reproduction. Currently, there is another change of milestones. Modernity imposes its own requirements on the processes taking place in society, and largely determines the course of global evolution as the path of ascent of complex systems to higher levels of organisation and complexity.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114693467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The struggle of world powers and the future of democracy","authors":"I. Antonovich","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-4-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-4-11","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of the future of democracy is of serious concern for the academic community of the Western countries, where democracy has been a stable form of political power. Today it is possible to discern two schools of the study of democracy – European, which is represented mostly by the researches from Germany and France, and the American one. European scholars construct a unified system of the global democratic governance, when democratic countries develop an autonomous system from bottom to top, which produces a unitary, universal model on the basis of the egalitarian cooperation. American researchers in fact envision a similar model of the global democratic governance while suggesting that it is constructed on the basis of the American model of democracy.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122371744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-cultural evolution of the urban environment as an object of sociological analysis","authors":"Еlena V. Lebedeva","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-48-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-48-56","url":null,"abstract":"The current stage of development of the urban environment is characterised by an increase in the role of urban public space; activation of network interaction of citizens; strengthening the relationship between physical and digital in the urban environment. The criteria for the evolution of the socio-cultural environment of the city are the ratio of private and public in the urban environment; the ratio of vertical horizontal interaction of citizens, as well as the degree of adaptation of citizens to the technological transformation of the city.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130821143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-psychological correlations of youth addiction on social networks","authors":"V. Sheinov, Yury M. Bubnau, V. Yermak, Sergey P. Gribanovsky","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-57-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-57-70","url":null,"abstract":"Addiction of boys and girls from social networks is associated with the presence of their feelings of loneliness, as well as anxiety, depression, stress, dissatisfaction with life, impulsivity, narcissism, weak assertiveness, low self-esteem, insecurity from cyberbullying. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis about the possible connections of the addiction of young people from social networks with their self-confidence, emotional intelligence and style of behaviour in conflict situations. The empirical study was based on the data of an online survey of 265 respondents, including 117 boys and 148 girls. Dependence on social networks was measured by the ZSS-15 questionnaire (V. P. Sheinov, A. S. Devitsyn), self-confidence – by the method of V. G. Romek, emotional intelligence – by the Thomas – Kilmann test, dependence on a smartphone – a short version of the SAS-16 of the questionnaire «Scale of dependence on a smartphone» (V. P. Sheinov). The article found that boys and girls have statistically significant negative associations of addiction from social networks with self-confidence and positive connections with dependence on a smartphone and with all the factors that form it (loss of control over themselves, fear of losing a smartphone and euphoria from its use). It is shown that it is the psychological problems of young people that are the main reason for the occurrence of one or another degree of addiction from social networks. At the same time, the need of young men and women in communication is satisfied if they have addiction to a lesser extent than the factors «psychological state» and «obtaining information». Neither boys nor girls have been found to link social media addiction to social contact initiative. The social media addiction of young men is negatively correlated with their social courage and positively correlated with their reaction to conflict in avoidance mode. Such correlations in girls have not been recorded. In boys and girls, there are various correlations of addiction from social networks with emotional intelligence: in boys – a negative connection with self-management, in girls – a positive connection with the recognition of emotions of other people. In general, girls are more dependent than boys on social media. These results are new, as neither domestic nor foreign publications have found results on the links of social media addiction to components of emotional intelligence.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125357640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancelling as a social phenomenon: theoretical aspect","authors":"Valentina A. Simkhovich, Dzmitry I. Naumau","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-71-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-71-79","url":null,"abstract":"Cancelling is considered as a totality of social practices used by the society or its part to force social pressure on an individual, group, community or organisation. The main forms and goals of cancelling in various spheres of society are identified, the need for its interdisciplinary research on the methodological basis is given grounds for. The phenomenon of cancelling is considered in different theoretical frameworks. The conflictological interpretation of cancelling focuses on the actors’ struggle for material and non-material resources that unfolds mainly in illegal forms. Due to its great destructive potential cancelling is highlighted as a potential danger to economic and labour relations. The political-discursive interpretation considers the phenomenon from the viewpoint of cultural resistance to structural violence undertaken by the marginal groups when it is difficult to call the representatives of elite groups to account due to their privileged position. Designated are some features of development of the phenomenon of cancelling in a modern society: normative blurring of cancelling practices, lack of innovative potential and ability to radically change social relations in a modern society, low efficiency and imitative nature of cancelling practices, transfer of the normative foundations of the minorities’ social practices into a universalist context and establishment of privileges for representatives of certain communities, social selectivity and economic motivation of cancelling with the representatives of elite communities. It is recognised that cancelling expansion into the economic, political and cultural spheres of a modern society results in initiating the processes which can be dangerous for its development. Сancelling practices do not only create opportunities and socio-cultural innovations for an individual, but also cause significant problems and obstacles for his professional and other activities. For the society as a whole, cancelling is becoming a source of conflict processes that, instead of fighting the real causes and factors of social oppression, creates new ideological grounds and mechanisms for discrimination.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123686402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Niklas Luhmann’s theory of social systems: the postmodern character of society’s descriptors","authors":"K. V. Sevastov","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-42-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-42-47","url":null,"abstract":"The article carried out a comparative analysis of the basic provisions of the theory of social systems by N. Luhmann and the principles of the philosophy of postmodernism. Considering the categorical apparatus of N. Luhmann’s concept, the author finds points of semantic intersection with a number of key concepts of modern social philosophy, as well as mutual resonation of basic principles. The article proves that the comparison of the theory of social systems by N. Luhmann and the philosophy of postmodernism can be carried out according to several criteria: subjective (general scope of research), historical (common time and context of occurrence) and meaningful (when the perspective of consideration is shifted, it becomes possible to identify semantic parallels named theories). Thus, the article draws a parallel between N. Luhmann’s subjectless sociology and the postmodern concept of the absent subject. In accordance with the theory of social systems by N. Luhmann, the subject is non-communicative by definition. In the conceptual apparatus of the philosophy of postmodernism, a meaningfully similar rejection of the interpretation of the subject in its classical sense is fundamental. A meaningful connection between the concept of binary truth by N. Luhmann, on the one hand, and the subjectivist theory of truth in postmodernism, on the other hand, is revealed. Thus, the truth in the context of N. Luhmann’s social system depends on its relevance for the individual, fitting into the system of knowledge that is significant for him at the moment, the truth is modeled in a non-static context and can be re-evaluated in a subjective way, depending on the shift in the focus of the relevance of one or another fragment of knowledge of the individual. Similarly, in postmodern philosophy there is a subjectivisation of truth, which turns out to be a variable not only in the socio-cultural frame of reference, but also in the frame of reference of the individual. Thus, the article proves that there are semantic parallels in the theory of social systems of N. Luhmann and postmodern philosophy, which allow us to say that, independently of each other, N. Luhmann, on the one hand, and postmodern authors, on the other, develop a new vision of cognitive processes within the post-non-classical type of rationality.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132095184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animation as a means of forming value attitudes in the USSR in 1950–90s","authors":"N. Levchenko","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-80-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-4-80-87","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the research is Soviet animation of the period of 1950–1990. The author examines the stages of animation development, as well as the transformation of the main artistic methods and images used by Soviet animators. The relationship between the features of the development of animation and cultural and historical processes in the USSR is revealed. The influence of the ideological foundations broadcast from above on the industry is shown. In the course of the study, the main tasks of Soviet animation were identified, which can be traced in the cartoons of the period under review. Content analysis is used as a research method. The main films of each decade of the Soviet era were selected and analysed, and a secondary analysis of research on animation was carried out. The idea of the article is, firstly, to show how ideology changed in the Soviet era, and secondly, how these ideological attitudes were broadcast through cartoons. In the article, Soviet animation is analysed as a means of ideological influence of the authorities on society and the formation of a Soviet citizen. The author’s contribution consists in an attempt to systematise a number of animated films in accordance with their intended ideological content.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122232351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological problems of religious diversity research","authors":"V. Martinovich","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-3-92-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-3-92-102","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of religious diversity as a subject of sociological research. It is shown that numerous theoretical and empirical studies of religious diversity in different countries have not been able to reach the level of analysis of the unique configuration of the general population of religious organisations operating on their territory. The significance of such an analysis for the sociology of religion is substantiated. The dependence of some areas of sociological analysis of religion on the successful study of the totality of different religious organisations that form the basis of religious diversity in the country is emphasised. A number of methodological problems arising from the empirical analysis of religious diversity and caused by the specifics of new religious movements are identified. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of problems in the area of conceptual apparatus, the organisation of the collection of relevant information on different information platforms and the identification of different types of new religious movements documents. Special attention is focused on the introduction into scientific circulation of information about previously unexplored new religious movements. It is shown that there is no provably effective methodology for studying religious diversity in the sociology of religion, but its development inevitably implies the resolution of most of the methodological problems described in the article. It is argued that the study of religious diversity belongs in the sociology of religion to the group of the most complex longitudinal studies with significant heuristic potential.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123651634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The idea of a humane civilisation in the works of representatives of the Leningrad philosophical school","authors":"Igor Osipov, A. Rybas","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-3-15-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-3-15-22","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the fact that at present there is a crisis of modernity, which has not only a political but also a socio-cultural character, the authors of the article try to offer a possible way out of it. Namely, they propose to turn to those socio-philosophical ideas that were developed by representatives of the Leningrad philosophical school in the second half of the 20th century and are almost forgotten at this moment. These ideas, understood through the prism of recent events that have shown the precariousness and insecurity of the unipolar world established after the collapse of the Soviet Union, may well be actualised and used to find the right solutions. The article devotes special attention to the analysis of the socio-philosophical views of V. P. Tugarinov, the dean of the department of philosophy of the Leningrad State University from 1951 to 1960, and V. P. Branskiy, one of the most prominent representatives of the Leningrad philosophical school. It is shown that the idea of humane civilisation, which they conceived as the ideal of social development, meets the theoretical and practical demands of the present. The main characteristics of the humane civilisation are as follows: a pluralistic view of the world, man and society, which, providing freedom of thought and action of people, would not lead to the destruction of society, anarchism in public life or relativism in knowledge; proclamation of freedom the highest value of human life and creation of such social institutions that would be able to guarantee the realisation of freedom in practice; ensuring favourable conditions for the maximum development of personality and moral perfection of man; a critique of bourgeois morality and lifestyle, as well as the pseudo-values of capitalist culture; interpretation of socially significant ideals in the context of the dynamics of social life, as necessary elements of historical development, rather than as eternal truths.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124798626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global challenges in the mo­dern world and a coevolutionary approach to achieving a secure future","authors":"Pavel A. Vodopiyanov, Petr M. Burak","doi":"10.33581/2521-6821-2022-3-7-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-3-7-14","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the main threats and challenges of modernity, substantiates the relevance of ideological orientations in overcoming existing dangers and crisis phenomena in the life of society, substantiates the role of spiritual security in the formation of an objective picture of social reality. Special attention is paid to the need to change ideological values in the justification of the main directions of human activity, it is shown that in order to achieve and maintain a stable future and national security, ideological universals are the foundation for the formation of a generalised, holistic picture of the world. The paper formulates the main directions for achieving a secure future based on measures to regulate the population, measures to preserve the efficiency of production, the creation of nature-like technologies, bridging the gap between rich and poor, the formation of type morality, measures to change the current paradigm of thinking based on a new humanism. The characteristic signs of challenges are identified and the need to regulate the coevolution of progressive and regressive trends in the co-development of social and socio-natural systems is substantiated.","PeriodicalId":250065,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124904710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}