Trang H. Duong, Lan N. Vu, Thang N. Vu, Huyen T. Nguyen, Giang V. Tong
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of eggshell powder and phosphorus on growth and yield of MD7 groundnut variety in the spring season in Phu Xuyen, Ha Noi. The two factor experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three rates of eggshell powder (0, 300, 500 kg/ha). The sub-plot included three rates of phosphorus (30, 60, 90 kg/ha). The results showed that the growth and yield of plants fertilized with eggshell powder were higher than those with unfertilized eggshell powder. In addition, the growth traits and yield of MD7 groundnut variety increased with increasing phosphorus fertilizer doses from 30 kg P2O5/ha to 90 kg P 2O5/ha under the same fertilized or unfertilized eggshell powder conditions. Briefly, the results indicated that the rate of 500 kg eggshell powder/ha combined with 90 kg P2O5/ha was suitable for MD7 groundnut variety to grow, develop and produce the highest yield in the spring season in Phu Xuyen, Ha Noi.
{"title":"Effect of eggshell powder and phosphorus on growth and yield of MD7 groundnut variety in spring season in Phu Xuyen, Ha Noi","authors":"Trang H. Duong, Lan N. Vu, Thang N. Vu, Huyen T. Nguyen, Giang V. Tong","doi":"10.52997/jad.2.01.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.2.01.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of eggshell powder and phosphorus on growth and yield of MD7 groundnut variety in the spring season in Phu Xuyen, Ha Noi. The two factor experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three rates of eggshell powder (0, 300, 500 kg/ha). The sub-plot included three rates of phosphorus (30, 60, 90 kg/ha). The results showed that the growth and yield of plants fertilized with eggshell powder were higher than those with unfertilized eggshell powder. In addition, the growth traits and yield of MD7 groundnut variety increased with increasing phosphorus fertilizer doses from 30 kg P2O5/ha to 90 kg P 2O5/ha under the same fertilized or unfertilized eggshell powder conditions. Briefly, the results indicated that the rate of 500 kg eggshell powder/ha combined with 90 kg P2O5/ha was suitable for MD7 groundnut variety to grow, develop and produce the highest yield in the spring season in Phu Xuyen, Ha Noi.","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140653619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Bracon hebetor is an essential natural enemy in suppressing the coconut black-headed caterpillar (BHC) Opisina arenosella, which was common in coconut field in Ben Tre province. Under laboratory conditions, with six-instar larvae of BHC as a host, the adult body of B. hebetor was yellow-brown and the male’s antennae were longer than those of the female, with oblong and rectangular shapes consisting of 17 - 20 segments, while the female’s antennae were square-shaped with 11 - 14 segments. The abdomen of B. hebetor was pale yellow, with its last segment being dark brown. Females of B. hebetor were larger than males. The average body length of female and male was 3.2 ± 0.17 mm and 3.0 ± 0.18 mm, respectively. The average body length of 2-day-old pupae was 3.0 ± 0.20 mm and that of 3-day-old ones was 3.5 ± 0.21 mm. The average egg length was 0.7 ± 0.07 mm. The findings of this study helped provide information on the identification of B. hebetor larval parasitic wasps on the BHC host, aiding in the search for natural enemies of BHC in coconut fields. Additionally, the research also facilitated the exploration of the biological and ecological aspects of this natural adversary in Vietnam.
{"title":"Morphological characteristics of Bracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a larval parasitoid of coconut Black Headed Caterpillar Opisina arenosella Walker (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae)","authors":"Hoang K. Le","doi":"10.52997/jad.2.03.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.2.03.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The Bracon hebetor is an essential natural enemy in suppressing the coconut black-headed caterpillar (BHC) Opisina arenosella, which was common in coconut field in Ben Tre province. Under laboratory conditions, with six-instar larvae of BHC as a host, the adult body of B. hebetor was yellow-brown and the male’s antennae were longer than those of the female, with oblong and rectangular shapes consisting of 17 - 20 segments, while the female’s antennae were square-shaped with 11 - 14 segments. The abdomen of B. hebetor was pale yellow, with its last segment being dark brown. Females of B. hebetor were larger than males. The average body length of female and male was 3.2 ± 0.17 mm and 3.0 ± 0.18 mm, respectively. The average body length of 2-day-old pupae was 3.0 ± 0.20 mm and that of 3-day-old ones was 3.5 ± 0.21 mm. The average egg length was 0.7 ± 0.07 mm. The findings of this study helped provide information on the identification of B. hebetor larval parasitic wasps on the BHC host, aiding in the search for natural enemies of BHC in coconut fields. Additionally, the research also facilitated the exploration of the biological and ecological aspects of this natural adversary in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"33 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140657546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nhu L. K. Nguyen, Duyen T. M. Tran, Tam P. B. Nguyen, Thy T. T. Ho
The study was carried out to determine the antibacterial activity of protein hydrolysates from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larva (PHBSF) on some pathogenic bacteria including E. ictaluri, A. hydrophila, A. verroni, and S. agalactiae on freshwater fish. The results showed that the tested bacteria were highly sensitive with significant difference (P < 0.05) in diameter clear zone compared to the negative control at the tested concentrations of 20, 35, and 70 mg/100 µL. Particularlly, E. ictaluri was sensitive at all three test concentrations with the diameter of clear zones following 14.0 ± 1.0, 18.7 ± 0.7, and 20.7 ± 0.7 mm, respectively. A. veronii and S. agalactiae were sensitive at concentrations of 35 and 70 mg/100 µL, and A. hydrophila with a clear zone diameter of 14.3 ± 0.3 mm at the concentration of 70 mg/100 µL. The PHBSF was able to kill A. veronii and S. agalactiae with MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) = MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) = 44 mg/mL, while E. ictaluri and A. hydrophila were inhibited at MIC 44 mg/mL, and MBC was 88 mg/mL. These results indicated that PHBSF could be potentially used to prevent fish diseases caused by E. ictaluri, A. hydrophila, A. verroni, and S. agalactiae.
{"title":"Antibacterial activity of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larva protein hydrolysates against some pathogenic bacterial strains on freshwater fish","authors":"Nhu L. K. Nguyen, Duyen T. M. Tran, Tam P. B. Nguyen, Thy T. T. Ho","doi":"10.52997/jad.2.04.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.2.04.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to determine the antibacterial activity of protein hydrolysates from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larva (PHBSF) on some pathogenic bacteria including E. ictaluri, A. hydrophila, A. verroni, and S. agalactiae on freshwater fish. The results showed that the tested bacteria were highly sensitive with significant difference (P < 0.05) in diameter clear zone compared to the negative control at the tested concentrations of 20, 35, and 70 mg/100 µL. Particularlly, E. ictaluri was sensitive at all three test concentrations with the diameter of clear zones following 14.0 ± 1.0, 18.7 ± 0.7, and 20.7 ± 0.7 mm, respectively. A. veronii and S. agalactiae were sensitive at concentrations of 35 and 70 mg/100 µL, and A. hydrophila with a clear zone diameter of 14.3 ± 0.3 mm at the concentration of 70 mg/100 µL. The PHBSF was able to kill A. veronii and S. agalactiae with MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) = MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) = 44 mg/mL, while E. ictaluri and A. hydrophila were inhibited at MIC 44 mg/mL, and MBC was 88 mg/mL. These results indicated that PHBSF could be potentially used to prevent fish diseases caused by E. ictaluri, A. hydrophila, A. verroni, and S. agalactiae.","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Duy N. Le, Loan T. Ha, Quynh D. Phan, Cuong H. Doan, Nien C. Nguyen
The study was carried out from August 2022 to February 2023 at the Biotechnology Center of Ho Chi Minh City with the objective of determining inbred melon lines with high combining ability and heterosis. The experiment was executed in plastic house condition and laid out in a completely randomized design with single factor with 3 replications, including 16 treatments corresponding to 15 hybrid combinations from 6 melon self-pollinated lines at the 5th generation (S5) and Kim Hong Ngoc variety as control. The results indicated that the melon line DLE06 used as female showed a high positive specific combining ability (SCA) for both fruit weight and the Brix of fruit with the DLE04 line used as male (THL14). Two hybrid combinations with high heterosis for fruit weight and the Brix of fruit flesh, including THL11 (1416.7 g; 16.33%) and THL14 (1520.0 g; 16.57%). Briefly, THL14 shows good growth and development potential in plastic houses, with morphological characteristics meeting the consumers’ preferences, and has potential to be developed into a new variey for production.
{"title":"Evaluation of specific combining ability and heterosis of 6 melon (Cucumis melo L. var. inodorus) self-pollinated lines at the 5th generation","authors":"Duy N. Le, Loan T. Ha, Quynh D. Phan, Cuong H. Doan, Nien C. Nguyen","doi":"10.52997/jad.2.02.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.2.02.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out from August 2022 to February 2023 at the Biotechnology Center of Ho Chi Minh City with the objective of determining inbred melon lines with high combining ability and heterosis. The experiment was executed in plastic house condition and laid out in a completely randomized design with single factor with 3 replications, including 16 treatments corresponding to 15 hybrid combinations from 6 melon self-pollinated lines at the 5th generation (S5) and Kim Hong Ngoc variety as control. The results indicated that the melon line DLE06 used as female showed a high positive specific combining ability (SCA) for both fruit weight and the Brix of fruit with the DLE04 line used as male (THL14). Two hybrid combinations with high heterosis for fruit weight and the Brix of fruit flesh, including THL11 (1416.7 g; 16.33%) and THL14 (1520.0 g; 16.57%). Briefly, THL14 shows good growth and development potential in plastic houses, with morphological characteristics meeting the consumers’ preferences, and has potential to be developed into a new variey for production.","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"4 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to investigate the effect of water hardness on the fertilization rate, hatching rate, survival rate, and deformity rate of common carp larvae. In the experiment, fertilized eggs of silver carp were incubated in different water hardness levels of 70, 100, 130, 160, & 190 mg CaCO3/L, with a stocking density of 400 eggs/L. The experimental results showed that the fertilization rate was high (78.0 - 79.3%) and did not show significant differences between the treatments (P > 0.05). The hatching rate ranged from 41.0 to 54.0% and larvae stage had the highest survival rate of 54.0% at 70 mg CaCO3/L. The deformity rate of larvae ranged from 5.7 to 74.3% with the lowest observed at the 70 mg CaCO3/L. From the results of the study, it can be assumed that silver carp eggs should be incubated in an aquatic environment with a water hardness of 70 mg CaCO3/L.
{"title":"The effect of water hardness on the development of embryo and larvae of silver carp (Hypophthalmychthis molitrix)","authors":"L. H. Tien, Kieu T. Nguyen","doi":"10.52997/jad.2.05.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.2.05.2024","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effect of water hardness on the fertilization rate, hatching rate, survival rate, and deformity rate of common carp larvae. In the experiment, fertilized eggs of silver carp were incubated in different water hardness levels of 70, 100, 130, 160, & 190 mg CaCO3/L, with a stocking density of 400 eggs/L. The experimental results showed that the fertilization rate was high (78.0 - 79.3%) and did not show significant differences between the treatments (P > 0.05). The hatching rate ranged from 41.0 to 54.0% and larvae stage had the highest survival rate of 54.0% at 70 mg CaCO3/L. The deformity rate of larvae ranged from 5.7 to 74.3% with the lowest observed at the 70 mg CaCO3/L. From the results of the study, it can be assumed that silver carp eggs should be incubated in an aquatic environment with a water hardness of 70 mg CaCO3/L.","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"3 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140653629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of conjunctival graft surgery for treating corneal ulcers in dogs was conducted at Alpha Pet Veterinary Clinic and Bang Pham Veterinary Hospital from August 2021 to August 2022. Dogs were clinically examined with corneal ulcers and corneal perforations, corneal reflexes, and then fluorescein 2% reagent was used to examine and measure the diameter of the corneal damaged area by using Castroviejo calipers. The surgical method of conjunctival stem grafting was applied and evaluated effects of treatment on corneal ulcers in dogs. A total of 3,024 dogs were examined and treated during the study period. There were 195 dogs with eye diseases, accounting for 6.45% of the cases. The rate of corneal ulcers was 15.90% (31/195 cases). Among the corneal ulcer cases, conjunctival graft surgery was performed in 14 cases. The successful rate of conjunctival stem grafting was 71.43%. The complication rate of conjunctival stem grafting was 42.86%, in which 2 cases of mild complications were successfully treated. The average wound healing duration was 39.45 days. The occurrence of complications depended on the types of complication. Mild complications including suture detachment and corneal edema appeared after 2.5 to 5.5 days while corneal epithelial cysts and ocular edema occurred at 22 to 42 days after surgery. Therefore, this method could be used in treatment of corneal ulcers, particularly in cases of deep ulcers or corneal perforations that required to directly connect to blood vessels.
{"title":"Application of conjunctival graft surgery in the treatment of corneal ulcers in dogs","authors":"Tan N. Nguyen, Ba Q. Phan, Thuong T. Nguyen","doi":"10.52997/jad.2.06.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.2.06.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The study of conjunctival graft surgery for treating corneal ulcers in dogs was conducted at Alpha Pet Veterinary Clinic and Bang Pham Veterinary Hospital from August 2021 to August 2022. Dogs were clinically examined with corneal ulcers and corneal perforations, corneal reflexes, and then fluorescein 2% reagent was used to examine and measure the diameter of the corneal damaged area by using Castroviejo calipers. The surgical method of conjunctival stem grafting was applied and evaluated effects of treatment on corneal ulcers in dogs. A total of 3,024 dogs were examined and treated during the study period. There were 195 dogs with eye diseases, accounting for 6.45% of the cases. The rate of corneal ulcers was 15.90% (31/195 cases). Among the corneal ulcer cases, conjunctival graft surgery was performed in 14 cases. The successful rate of conjunctival stem grafting was 71.43%. The complication rate of conjunctival stem grafting was 42.86%, in which 2 cases of mild complications were successfully treated. The average wound healing duration was 39.45 days. The occurrence of complications depended on the types of complication. Mild complications including suture detachment and corneal edema appeared after 2.5 to 5.5 days while corneal epithelial cysts and ocular edema occurred at 22 to 42 days after surgery. Therefore, this method could be used in treatment of corneal ulcers, particularly in cases of deep ulcers or corneal perforations that required to directly connect to blood vessels.","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140656030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experiment was conducted from September to December, 2022 to identify the consumption of Parasesarma plicatum (Latreille, 1803) on different Rhizophora apiculata leaf litter conditions (senescent: yellowish in color, decomposition: red brown and black brown color) in a 72-h experiment with 2 crab sizes. The experiment was designed with 6 treatments and 5 replicates. Each treatment used 5 crabs which were provided with 1 type of leaves as their food. The treatments included T1: 5 bigger size crab + yellowish leaf, T2: 5 bigger size crab + reddish brown leaf, T3: 5 bigger size crab + black brown leaf, T4: 5 small crabs + yellowish leaf, T5: 5 small crabs + reddish brown leaf, and T6: 5 small crabs + black brown leaf. The results showed that the consumption of black brown leaf litter of the bigger size crab was the highest in weight and significantly different from all other treatments. It also showed that Parasesarma plicatum did not like to eat yellowish leaf litter in all treatments. In addition, there was not a statistically significant difference in leaf litter consumption among smaller crab groups. The research on the occurrence of sesarmid crabs in Can Gio mangrove forest identified two suitable habitats for sesarmid crabs according to tidal elevation, mangrove type and environmental factors. The main factors affecting the occurrence of sesarmid crabs in the habitats were the coverage of shading trees and the mangrove type (Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops decandra, Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia marina and Lumnitzera racemosa). Thus, Parasesarma plicatum could play an important role in the detrital food web in Can Gio mangrove forest.
{"title":"The leaf litter consumption and occurrence of sesarmid crab Parasesarma plicatum (Latreille, 1803) on habitats in Can Gio mangrove forest","authors":"Anh T. Nguyen, Luong C. Vu, Hoa P. Nguyen","doi":"10.52997/jad.1.05.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.1.05.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted from September to December, 2022 to identify the consumption of Parasesarma plicatum (Latreille, 1803) on different Rhizophora apiculata leaf litter conditions (senescent: yellowish in color, decomposition: red brown and black brown color) in a 72-h experiment with 2 crab sizes. The experiment was designed with 6 treatments and 5 replicates. Each treatment used 5 crabs which were provided with 1 type of leaves as their food. The treatments included T1: 5 bigger size crab + yellowish leaf, T2: 5 bigger size crab + reddish brown leaf, T3: 5 bigger size crab + black brown leaf, T4: 5 small crabs + yellowish leaf, T5: 5 small crabs + reddish brown leaf, and T6: 5 small crabs + black brown leaf. The results showed that the consumption of black brown leaf litter of the bigger size crab was the highest in weight and significantly different from all other treatments. It also showed that Parasesarma plicatum did not like to eat yellowish leaf litter in all treatments. In addition, there was not a statistically significant difference in leaf litter consumption among smaller crab groups. The research on the occurrence of sesarmid crabs in Can Gio mangrove forest identified two suitable habitats for sesarmid crabs according to tidal elevation, mangrove type and environmental factors. The main factors affecting the occurrence of sesarmid crabs in the habitats were the coverage of shading trees and the mangrove type (Rhizophora apiculata, Ceriops decandra, Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia marina and Lumnitzera racemosa). Thus, Parasesarma plicatum could play an important role in the detrital food web in Can Gio mangrove forest.","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hau V. Le, Hieu C. N. Bui, Thao P. H. Ngô, Mai T. Tran, Co V. Trinh
Streptococcus agalactiae causing eye edema and hemorrhagic disease on red tilapia is a serious problem for the aquaculture industry. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the protective efficacy of formalin-inactivated S. agalactiae AG5 (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) vaccine on red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) by feeding method. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design and fish were fed vaccine-mixed feeds with different concentrations of 104; 105; 106; 107; 108 CFU/g of feed, respectively. At 3 weeks after being fed vaccines, fish were infected with wild-type S. agalactiae AG5 strain by injecting 100 µL of medium containing a dose of LD50 = 6.87 × 103 CFU/mL into the abdomen. The effectiveness of relative percentage survival (RPS) protection was determined within 1 week after infection. Samples of dead fish were recorded with symptoms and brain samples were cultured on TSA medium and incubated at 28oC for 24 h. The colonies were examined using PCR test with F1/IMOD-specific primer pairs. The results showed that the inactivated S. agalactiae AG5 (GBS) vaccine had the highest protective effect on red tilapia of 50% at the vaccine dose of 107 CFU/g of feed. The study also showed that red tilapia had an immune response with the mean antibody titers in the vaccine treatments, ranging from 2.24 ± 0.20 to 3.59 ± 0.42 (P < 0.05).
{"title":"Evaluation of the protective efficacy of inactivated vaccines from wild-type Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) on red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)","authors":"Hau V. Le, Hieu C. N. Bui, Thao P. H. Ngô, Mai T. Tran, Co V. Trinh","doi":"10.52997/jad.1.03.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.1.03.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Streptococcus agalactiae causing eye edema and hemorrhagic disease on red tilapia is a serious problem for the aquaculture industry. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the protective efficacy of formalin-inactivated S. agalactiae AG5 (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) vaccine on red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) by feeding method. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design and fish were fed vaccine-mixed feeds with different concentrations of 104; 105; 106; 107; 108 CFU/g of feed, respectively. At 3 weeks after being fed vaccines, fish were infected with wild-type S. agalactiae AG5 strain by injecting 100 µL of medium containing a dose of LD50 = 6.87 × 103 CFU/mL into the abdomen. The effectiveness of relative percentage survival (RPS) protection was determined within 1 week after infection. Samples of dead fish were recorded with symptoms and brain samples were cultured on TSA medium and incubated at 28oC for 24 h. The colonies were examined using PCR test with F1/IMOD-specific primer pairs. The results showed that the inactivated S. agalactiae AG5 (GBS) vaccine had the highest protective effect on red tilapia of 50% at the vaccine dose of 107 CFU/g of feed. The study also showed that red tilapia had an immune response with the mean antibody titers in the vaccine treatments, ranging from 2.24 ± 0.20 to 3.59 ± 0.42 (P < 0.05).","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140429432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Truc T. T. Tran, Anh T. V. Nguyen, Vinh D. H. Nguyen, L. P. T. Trinh, Dong T. N. Le
The study was carried out to fully utilize betel leaves for the extraction of essential oils and production of sugar-rich hydrolysates from the betel leaves residues. Essential oils in the betel leaves were extracted by hydrodistillation and the betel leaves residues were enzymatically hydrolyzed to obtain sugar-rich hydrolysates. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the essential oils and the hydrolysates were investigated. Chemical composition analysis of the betel leaves showed that they contained 2.23% reducing sugars, 21.10% polysaccharides, 68.01 mg/g phenolics, 6.17 mg/g flavonoids, 12.05% ash, and 1.63% tannins. Betel essential oils content was 3.14%, with the main components being eugenol (50.37%), γ-muurolene (9.65%), and α-copaene (8.22%). Betel essential oils exhibited antioxidant activity with the IC50 of 0.13 mg/mL and antibacterial capacity against three strains of bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Samonella sp. and Bacillus cereus. The enzymatic hydrolysis of betel leaves residues using Ultraflo Max with a ratio of enzyme to substrate of 5% for 96 h produced the highest amount of reducing sugars of 10.66 g/L containing 48.31% glucose. The results suggest that betel leaves residues hydrolysate can be used as carbon sources for fermentation processes to produce value-added commodities in further investigation.
{"title":"Production of essential oils and sugar-rich hydrolysate from betel leaves (Piper betle)","authors":"Truc T. T. Tran, Anh T. V. Nguyen, Vinh D. H. Nguyen, L. P. T. Trinh, Dong T. N. Le","doi":"10.52997/jad.1.06.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.1.06.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to fully utilize betel leaves for the extraction of essential oils and production of sugar-rich hydrolysates from the betel leaves residues. Essential oils in the betel leaves were extracted by hydrodistillation and the betel leaves residues were enzymatically hydrolyzed to obtain sugar-rich hydrolysates. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the essential oils and the hydrolysates were investigated. Chemical composition analysis of the betel leaves showed that they contained 2.23% reducing sugars, 21.10% polysaccharides, 68.01 mg/g phenolics, 6.17 mg/g flavonoids, 12.05% ash, and 1.63% tannins. Betel essential oils content was 3.14%, with the main components being eugenol (50.37%), γ-muurolene (9.65%), and α-copaene (8.22%). Betel essential oils exhibited antioxidant activity with the IC50 of 0.13 mg/mL and antibacterial capacity against three strains of bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Samonella sp. and Bacillus cereus. The enzymatic hydrolysis of betel leaves residues using Ultraflo Max with a ratio of enzyme to substrate of 5% for 96 h produced the highest amount of reducing sugars of 10.66 g/L containing 48.31% glucose. The results suggest that betel leaves residues hydrolysate can be used as carbon sources for fermentation processes to produce value-added commodities in further investigation.","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"5 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vy H. K. Nguyen, Quang M. Tran, Thao T. P. Tran, Tuan A. Kieu, Hoa T. Q. Nguyen, Thuong-Thuong Nguyen, Minh V. Dang, Vinh Q. Nguyen
The objective of this study was to establish and evaluate fluid therapy for treatment of diseases in dogs. The study was conducted from 12/2022 to 05/2023 in Petcare and Nong Lam University Veterinary Hospitals, Ho Chi Minh City. The methodology involved assessing dehydration levels of 5%, 7%, 10 - 12%, & 15%, calculating the required fluid volume, and evaluating effects of fluid therapy in disease cases. A total of 251 cases included 95 cases at Petcare Veterinary Hospital and 156 cases at Nong Lam University Veterinary Hospital. The results showed that the digestive disease group had the highest rate at 63.75% in cases using fluid infusion, and the infectious diseases with the rate of 19.92%. Dehydration status of cases was most commonly observed at 5 - 10%, with the 10% level accounting for the highest rate at 37.85%, followed by 7% (29.48%), 5% (21.12%), and the 12% dehydration was the lowest rate (11.16%). The effects of fluid therapy on these cases showed a recovery rate of 67.73%, a disease remission rate of 15.14%, and a death rate of 17.13%. The average treatment duration was 6.49 days for recovery cases, 7.87 days for disease remission, and 4.49 days for death cases. The highest recovery rate was 31 - 35% at 7 - 10% dehydration levels while the death rate was as high as 55.81% at 10% dehydration. The treatment effects were high by using the fluid therapy that combined ringer lactate or saline 0.9% with glucose 5%.
{"title":"Establishment and evaluation of the fluid therapy in the treatment of diseases in dogs","authors":"Vy H. K. Nguyen, Quang M. Tran, Thao T. P. Tran, Tuan A. Kieu, Hoa T. Q. Nguyen, Thuong-Thuong Nguyen, Minh V. Dang, Vinh Q. Nguyen","doi":"10.52997/jad.1.04.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52997/jad.1.04.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to establish and evaluate fluid therapy for treatment of diseases in dogs. The study was conducted from 12/2022 to 05/2023 in Petcare and Nong Lam University Veterinary Hospitals, Ho Chi Minh City. The methodology involved assessing dehydration levels of 5%, 7%, 10 - 12%, & 15%, calculating the required fluid volume, and evaluating effects of fluid therapy in disease cases. A total of 251 cases included 95 cases at Petcare Veterinary Hospital and 156 cases at Nong Lam University Veterinary Hospital. The results showed that the digestive disease group had the highest rate at 63.75% in cases using fluid infusion, and the infectious diseases with the rate of 19.92%. Dehydration status of cases was most commonly observed at 5 - 10%, with the 10% level accounting for the highest rate at 37.85%, followed by 7% (29.48%), 5% (21.12%), and the 12% dehydration was the lowest rate (11.16%). The effects of fluid therapy on these cases showed a recovery rate of 67.73%, a disease remission rate of 15.14%, and a death rate of 17.13%. The average treatment duration was 6.49 days for recovery cases, 7.87 days for disease remission, and 4.49 days for death cases. The highest recovery rate was 31 - 35% at 7 - 10% dehydration levels while the death rate was as high as 55.81% at 10% dehydration. The treatment effects were high by using the fluid therapy that combined ringer lactate or saline 0.9% with glucose 5%.","PeriodicalId":250563,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agriculture and Development","volume":"190 S522","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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