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Biomedical and Business Applications Using Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning最新文献

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Automobile Fatal Accident and Insurance Claim Analysis Through Artificial Neural Network 基于人工神经网络的汽车致命事故与保险理赔分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch009
Xiangming Liu, G. Niu
This chapter presents a thorough descriptive analysis of automobile fatal accident and insurance claims data. Major components of the artificial neural network (ANN) are discussed, and parameters are investigated and carefully selected to ensure an efficient model construction. A prediction model is constructed through ANN as well as generalized linear model (GLM) for model comparison purposes. The authors conclude that ANN performs better than GLM in predicting data for automobile fatalities data but does not outperform for the insurance claims data because automobile fatalities data has a more complex data structure than the insurance claims data.
本章对汽车致命事故和保险索赔数据进行了全面的描述性分析。讨论了人工神经网络(ANN)的主要组成部分,并研究和仔细选择了参数,以确保有效的模型构建。利用人工神经网络和广义线性模型(GLM)构建预测模型,进行模型比较。作者得出结论,ANN在预测汽车死亡数据方面比GLM表现更好,但在预测保险索赔数据方面表现不佳,因为汽车死亡数据比保险索赔数据具有更复杂的数据结构。
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引用次数: 0
Cardiovascular Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Research, Diagnosis, and Disease Management 人工智能在心血管研究、诊断和疾病管理中的应用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch004
V. Rajagopalan, Houwei Cao
Despite significant advancements in diagnosis and disease management, cardiovascular (CV) disorders remain the No. 1 killer both in the United States and across the world, and innovative and transformative technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly employed in CV medicine. In this chapter, the authors introduce different AI and machine learning (ML) tools including support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting machine (GBM), and deep learning models (DL), and their applicability to advance CV diagnosis and disease classification, and risk prediction and patient management. The applications include, but are not limited to, electrocardiogram, imaging, genomics, and drug research in different CV pathologies such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), heart failure, congenital heart disease, arrhythmias, valvular abnormalities, etc.
尽管在诊断和疾病管理方面取得了重大进展,但心血管(CV)疾病仍然是美国和世界各地的头号杀手,人工智能(AI)等创新和变革性技术越来越多地应用于心血管医学。在本章中,作者介绍了不同的人工智能和机器学习(ML)工具,包括支持向量机(SVM)、梯度增强机(GBM)和深度学习模型(DL),以及它们在推进CV诊断和疾病分类、风险预测和患者管理方面的适用性。应用包括但不限于心电图、成像、基因组学和不同心血管病理(如心肌梗死(心脏病发作)、心力衰竭、先天性心脏病、心律失常、瓣膜异常等)的药物研究。
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引用次数: 0
Value Analysis and Prediction Through Machine Learning Techniques for Popular Basketball Brands 基于机器学习技术的热门篮球品牌价值分析与预测
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch013
Jason P. Michaud
For popular sports brands such as Nike, Adidas, and Puma, value often depends upon the performance of star athletes and the success of professional leagues. These leagues and players are watched closely by many around the world, and exposure to a brand may ultimately cause someone to buy a product. This can be explored statistically, and the interconnectedness of brands, athletes, and the sport of basketball are covered in this chapter. Specifically, data about the NBA and Google Ngrams data are explored in relation to the stock price of these various sports brands. This is done through both statistical analysis and machine learning models. Ultimately, it was concluded that these factors do influence the stock price of Nike, Adidas, and Puma. This conclusion is supported by the machine learning models where this diverse dataset was utilized to accurately predict the stock price of sports brands.
对于耐克、阿迪达斯和彪马等受欢迎的运动品牌来说,其价值往往取决于明星运动员的表现和职业联赛的成功。这些联赛和球员受到世界各地许多人的密切关注,对一个品牌的曝光可能最终会导致某人购买该产品。这可以从统计上进行探讨,本章将讨论品牌、运动员和篮球运动之间的相互联系。具体来说,我们将NBA和b谷歌Ngrams的数据与这些不同运动品牌的股价进行了探讨。这是通过统计分析和机器学习模型来完成的。最终得出结论,这些因素确实影响了耐克,阿迪达斯和彪马的股价。这一结论得到了机器学习模型的支持,该模型利用这种多样化的数据集来准确预测运动品牌的股票价格。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing Deep Neural Networks and Gradient Boosting for Pneumonia Detection Using Chest X-Rays 比较深度神经网络和梯度增强在胸部x射线肺炎检测中的应用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch003
Son Nguyen, Matthew Quinn, A. Olinsky, John T. Quinn
In recent years, with the development of computational power and the explosion of data available for analysis, deep neural networks, particularly convolutional neural networks, have emerged as one of the default models for image classification, outperforming most of the classical machine learning models in this task. On the other hand, gradient boosting, a classical model, has been widely used for tabular structure data and leading data competitions, such as those from Kaggle. In this study, the authors compare the performance of deep neural networks with gradient boosting models for detecting pneumonia using chest x-rays. The authors implement several popular architectures of deep neural networks, such as Resnet50, InceptionV3, Xception, and MobileNetV3, and variants of a gradient boosting model. The authors then evaluate these two classes of models in terms of prediction accuracy. The computation in this study is done using cloud computing services offered by Google Colab Pro.
近年来,随着计算能力的发展和可用于分析的数据的爆炸式增长,深度神经网络,特别是卷积神经网络,已经成为图像分类的默认模型之一,在这项任务中表现优于大多数经典机器学习模型。另一方面,梯度增强模型作为一种经典模型,已被广泛应用于表格结构数据和领先的数据竞争,如Kaggle的数据竞争。在这项研究中,作者比较了深度神经网络与梯度增强模型在使用胸部x射线检测肺炎方面的性能。作者实现了几种流行的深度神经网络架构,如Resnet50、InceptionV3、Xception和MobileNetV3,以及梯度增强模型的变体。然后,作者根据预测精度对这两类模型进行了评估。本研究中的计算使用谷歌Colab Pro提供的云计算服务完成。
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引用次数: 0
Protein-Protein Interactions (PPI) via Deep Neural Network (DNN) 基于深度神经网络(DNN)的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch006
Zizhe Gao, Hao Lin
Entering the 21st century, computer science and biological research have entered a stage of rapid development. With the rapid inflow of capital into the field of significant health research, a large number of scholars and investors have begun to focus on the impact of neural network science on biometrics, especially the study of biological interactions. With the rapid development of computer technology, scientists improve or perfect traditional experimental methods. This chapter aims to prove the reliability of the methodology and computing algorithms developed by Satyajit Mahapatra and Ivek Raj Gupta's project team. In this chapter, three datasets take the responsibility to testify the computing algorithms, and they are S. cerevisiae, H. pylori, and Human-B. Anthracis. Among these three sets of data, the S. cerevisiae is the core subset. The result shows 87%, 87.5%, and 89% accuracy and 87%, 86%, and 87% precision for these three data sets, respectively.
进入21世纪,计算机科学与生物学的研究进入了一个快速发展的阶段。随着资本快速流入重大健康研究领域,大量学者和投资者开始关注神经网络科学对生物识别的影响,特别是生物相互作用的研究。随着计算机技术的飞速发展,科学家们不断改进或完善传统的实验方法。本章旨在证明Satyajit Mahapatra和Ivek Raj Gupta项目团队开发的方法和计算算法的可靠性。在本章中,三个数据集负责验证计算算法,它们是s.c reevisiae, h.p ylori和Human-B。炭疽。在这三组数据中,葡萄球菌是核心子集。结果表明,这三种数据集的准确率分别为87%、87.5%和89%,精度分别为87%、86%和87%。
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引用次数: 0
Applying Machine Learning Methods for Credit Card Payment Default Prediction With Cost Savings 将机器学习方法应用于信用卡支付违约预测并节省成本
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch011
Siddharth Vinod Jain, M. Jayabalan
The credit card has been one of the most successful and prevalent financial services being widely used across the globe. However, with the upsurge in credit card holders, banks are facing a challenge from equally increasing payment default cases causing substantial financial damage. This necessitates the importance of sound and effective credit risk management in the banking and financial services industry. Machine learning models are being employed by the industry at a large scale to effectively manage this credit risk. This chapter presents the application of the various machine learning methods like time series models and deep learning models experimented in predicting the credit card payment defaults along with identification of the significant features and the most effective evaluation criteria. This chapter also discusses the challenges and future considerations in predicting credit card payment defaults. The importance of factoring in a cost function to associate with misclassification by the models is also given.
信用卡已经成为全球范围内广泛使用的最成功和最普遍的金融服务之一。然而,随着信用卡持卡人的激增,银行正面临着同样增加的支付违约案件的挑战,造成了巨大的财务损失。这就需要在银行和金融服务业中进行健全和有效的信用风险管理。该行业正在大规模使用机器学习模型来有效管理这种信用风险。本章介绍了各种机器学习方法的应用,如时间序列模型和深度学习模型,用于预测信用卡支付违约,以及识别重要特征和最有效的评估标准。本章还讨论了预测信用卡支付违约的挑战和未来考虑因素。本文还指出了考虑成本函数对模型误分类的重要性。
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引用次数: 3
Survey of Applications of Neural Networks and Machine Learning to COVID-19 Predictions 神经网络和机器学习在COVID-19预测中的应用综述
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch002
R. Segall
The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate how artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have been used for COVID-19 detection and analysis. Specifically, the use of neural networks (NN) and machine learning (ML) are described along with which countries are creating these techniques and how these are being used for COVID-19 diagnosis and detection. Illustrations of multi-layer convolutional neural networks (CNN), recurrent neural networks (RNN), and deep neural networks (DNN) are provided to show how these are used for COVID-19 detection and prediction. A summary of big data analytics for COVID-19 and some available COVID-19 open-source data sets and repositories and their characteristics for research and analysis are also provided. An example is also shown for artificial intelligence (AI) and neural network (NN) applications using real-time COVID-19 data.
本章的目的是说明人工智能(AI)技术如何用于COVID-19的检测和分析。具体而言,介绍了神经网络(NN)和机器学习(ML)的使用,以及哪些国家正在开发这些技术,以及如何将这些技术用于COVID-19的诊断和检测。本文提供了多层卷积神经网络(CNN)、循环神经网络(RNN)和深度神经网络(DNN)的示例,以展示如何将它们用于COVID-19检测和预测。总结了新冠肺炎大数据分析和一些现有的新冠肺炎开源数据集和存储库及其特点,供研究分析。还举例说明了人工智能(AI)和神经网络(NN)应用实时COVID-19数据的情况。
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引用次数: 2
Predictions For COVID-19 With Deep Learning Models of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) 基于长短期记忆(LSTM)深度学习模型的COVID-19预测
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch005
Fan Wu, Juan Shu
COVID-19, one of the most contagious diseases and urgent threats in recent times, attracts attention across the globe to study the trend of infections and help predict when the pandemic will end. A reliable prediction will make states and citizens acknowledge possible consequences and benefits for the policymaker among the delicate balance of reopening and public safety. This chapter introduces a deep learning technique and long short-term memory (LSTM) to forecast the trend of COVID-19 in the United States. The dataset from the New York Times (NYT) of confirmed and deaths cases is utilized in the research. The results include discussion of the potential outcomes if extreme circumstances happen and the profound effect beyond the forecasting number.
COVID-19是近年来最具传染性和最紧迫的威胁之一,吸引了全球关注,以研究感染趋势并帮助预测大流行何时结束。一个可靠的预测将使各州和公民认识到,在重新开放和公共安全之间的微妙平衡中,可能给政策制定者带来的后果和好处。本章介绍了深度学习技术和LSTM (long - short-term memory)技术来预测美国的COVID-19趋势。该研究利用了纽约时报(NYT)的确诊病例和死亡病例数据集。结果包括对极端情况发生的潜在后果和超出预测数的深远影响的讨论。
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引用次数: 22
U.S. Unemployment Rate Prediction by Economic Indices in the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Neural Network, Random Forest, and Generalized Linear Regression 基于神经网络、随机森林和广义线性回归的经济指标预测新冠肺炎疫情下美国失业率
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch010
Zichen Zhao, Guanzhou Hou
Artificial neural network (ANN) has been showing its superior capability of modeling and prediction. Neural network model is capable of incorporating high dimensional data, and the model is significantly complex statistically. Sometimes, the complexity is treated as a Blackbox. However, due to the model complexity, the model is capable of capture and modeling an extensive number of patterns, and the prediction power is much stronger than traditional statistical models. Random forest algorithm is a combination of classification and regression trees, using bootstrap to randomly train the model from a set of data (called training set) and test the prediction by a testing set. Random forest has high prediction speed, moderate variance, and does not require any rescaling or transformation of the dataset. This study validates the relationship between the U.S. unemployment rate and economic indices during the COVID-19 pandemic and constructs three different predictive modeling for unemployment rate by economic indices through neural network, random forest, and generalized linear regression model.
人工神经网络(ANN)在建模和预测方面已显示出其优越的能力。神经网络模型具有纳入高维数据的能力,模型具有显著的统计复杂性。有时,复杂性被视为黑箱。然而,由于模型的复杂性,该模型能够捕获和建模大量的模式,并且预测能力比传统的统计模型强得多。随机森林算法是分类树和回归树的结合,使用自举法从一组数据(称为训练集)中随机训练模型,并通过测试集对预测结果进行测试。随机森林具有预测速度快、方差适中、不需要对数据集进行缩放和变换等特点。本研究验证了新冠肺炎大流行期间美国失业率与经济指标的关系,并通过神经网络、随机森林和广义线性回归模型构建了三种不同的经济指标对失业率的预测模型。
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引用次数: 0
Airbnb (Air Bed and Breakfast) Listing Analysis Through Machine Learning Techniques 通过机器学习技术分析Airbnb(空气床和早餐)的房源
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8455-2.ch008
Xiang Li, Jingxi Liao, Tianchuan Gao
Machine learning is a broad field that contains multiple fields of discipline including mathematics, computer science, and data science. Some of the concepts, like deep neural networks, can be complicated and difficult to explain in several words. This chapter focuses on essential methods like classification from supervised learning, clustering, and dimensionality reduction that can be easily interpreted and explained in an acceptable way for beginners. In this chapter, data for Airbnb (Air Bed and Breakfast) listings in London are used as the source data to study the effect of each machine learning technique. By using the K-means clustering, principal component analysis (PCA), random forest, and other methods to help build classification models from the features, it is able to predict the classification results and provide some performance measurements to test the model.
机器学习是一个广泛的领域,包含多个学科领域,包括数学、计算机科学和数据科学。有些概念,比如深度神经网络,可能很复杂,很难用几个词来解释。本章侧重于基本的方法,如监督学习的分类,聚类和降维,这些方法可以很容易地解释和解释初学者可以接受的方式。本章以伦敦的Airbnb (Air Bed and Breakfast)房源数据为源数据,研究每种机器学习技术的效果。通过使用K-means聚类、主成分分析(PCA)、随机森林等方法从特征中帮助构建分类模型,能够预测分类结果,并提供一些性能度量来测试模型。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Biomedical and Business Applications Using Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning
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