Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.910011
M. Wu, H. Toshiyoshi
Summary form only. The ability to integrate micro-optical elements with movable structures and microactuators has opened up many new opportunities for optical and optoelectronic systems. It allows us to manipulate optical beams more effectively than conventional methods, and is scalable to large optical systems. This new family of devices and systems is generally called Optical MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) or micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS). MOEMS have applications in display, sensing, and optical data storage.
{"title":"Recent advances in micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS)","authors":"M. Wu, H. Toshiyoshi","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.910011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.910011","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only. The ability to integrate micro-optical elements with movable structures and microactuators has opened up many new opportunities for optical and optoelectronic systems. It allows us to manipulate optical beams more effectively than conventional methods, and is scalable to large optical systems. This new family of devices and systems is generally called Optical MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) or micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS). MOEMS have applications in display, sensing, and optical data storage.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"32 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120982319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909882
M. Skórczakowski, Z. Jankiewicz, A. Zaj'c
Summary form only given. Passive Q-switching is currently the most attractive method of generation of ns and sub-ns laser pulses. The Q-switch main characteristics are as follows: concentration of absorption centers, ground state absorption (GSA) and excited state absorption (ESA) cross sections, lifetimes of the upper levels. To design the passively Q-switched laser properly we should know all these parameters as well as the potential gain in the lasing medium (LM) and its scatter losses. In this paper we developed the detailed analysis of the passively Q-switched lasers based on the normalized dimensionless rate equations taking into account: ESA and lifetimes of the SA as well as the magnification in the laser cavity.
{"title":"Investigation of Cr/sup 4+/-ion doped passive Q-switches","authors":"M. Skórczakowski, Z. Jankiewicz, A. Zaj'c","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909882","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Passive Q-switching is currently the most attractive method of generation of ns and sub-ns laser pulses. The Q-switch main characteristics are as follows: concentration of absorption centers, ground state absorption (GSA) and excited state absorption (ESA) cross sections, lifetimes of the upper levels. To design the passively Q-switched laser properly we should know all these parameters as well as the potential gain in the lasing medium (LM) and its scatter losses. In this paper we developed the detailed analysis of the passively Q-switched lasers based on the normalized dimensionless rate equations taking into account: ESA and lifetimes of the SA as well as the magnification in the laser cavity.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124741181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909837
S. A. Starostin, Y. Udalov, P. Peters, W. Witteman
Summary form only. A new continuous wave (CW) transverse radio frequency (RF) excited Ar-He-Xe laser was reported recently. Because of its potential advantages (very high gain, lasing in an atmospheric transmission window near 2 /spl mu/m and 4 /spl mu/m) this laser has attracted the attention of several research groups. It soon led to a substantial improvement of the laser performance resulting in an output power in the order of 10 watts.
{"title":"Misalignment effects in the resonator of a transverse RF excited Ar-He-Xe laser","authors":"S. A. Starostin, Y. Udalov, P. Peters, W. Witteman","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909837","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only. A new continuous wave (CW) transverse radio frequency (RF) excited Ar-He-Xe laser was reported recently. Because of its potential advantages (very high gain, lasing in an atmospheric transmission window near 2 /spl mu/m and 4 /spl mu/m) this laser has attracted the attention of several research groups. It soon led to a substantial improvement of the laser performance resulting in an output power in the order of 10 watts.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124984586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.910351
L. Wittig, M. Cumme, E. Kley, A. Tunnermann
Summary form only given. The well-known advantages of refractive micro optical elements-high efficiency and low wavelength aberration-can be used for microlenses as well as in beam shaping applications, such as producing different top-hat intensity distributions.
{"title":"Refractive beam shaping elements","authors":"L. Wittig, M. Cumme, E. Kley, A. Tunnermann","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.910351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.910351","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The well-known advantages of refractive micro optical elements-high efficiency and low wavelength aberration-can be used for microlenses as well as in beam shaping applications, such as producing different top-hat intensity distributions.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125873418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909672
M. Pshenichnikov, A. Baltuska, D. Wiersma
Summary form only given. A very high temporal resolution and a broad bandwidth are but two advantages provided by the use of extremely short sub-5-fs pulses in a nonlinear spectroscopic experiment. However, the applicability of the standard theoretical description becomes questionable for the pulses that consist merely of a couple of optical oscillations. Far instance, the conventionally employed slowly varying envelope approximation, implying that the change of the pulse amplitude on the duration of an optical cycle is negligible compared to the magnitude of the amplitude itself, can no longer be maintained. Furthermore, the phase-matching bandwidth that is limited due to dispersion in the nonlinear medium rapidly gains importance with the increase of the spectral width of the pulse. Another point of serious concern is the frequency-dependent variation in the sensitivity of signal photodetectors. In combination, these features result in what is known as a spectral-filter effect. Finally, artificial lengthening of the experimental transients is a direct consequence of the noncollinear geometry employed in spectroscopic experiments. We present a theoretical analysis which thoroughly reexamines the formalism of ultrafast photon echo spectroscopy. We obtain a general expression for the echo signal, which is valid even for single-cycle-pulse applications. The derived formalism is applied to photon-echo spectroscopy on the hydrated electron with 5-fs pulses.
{"title":"Photon echo spectroscopy in the single optical-cycle regime","authors":"M. Pshenichnikov, A. Baltuska, D. Wiersma","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909672","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. A very high temporal resolution and a broad bandwidth are but two advantages provided by the use of extremely short sub-5-fs pulses in a nonlinear spectroscopic experiment. However, the applicability of the standard theoretical description becomes questionable for the pulses that consist merely of a couple of optical oscillations. Far instance, the conventionally employed slowly varying envelope approximation, implying that the change of the pulse amplitude on the duration of an optical cycle is negligible compared to the magnitude of the amplitude itself, can no longer be maintained. Furthermore, the phase-matching bandwidth that is limited due to dispersion in the nonlinear medium rapidly gains importance with the increase of the spectral width of the pulse. Another point of serious concern is the frequency-dependent variation in the sensitivity of signal photodetectors. In combination, these features result in what is known as a spectral-filter effect. Finally, artificial lengthening of the experimental transients is a direct consequence of the noncollinear geometry employed in spectroscopic experiments. We present a theoretical analysis which thoroughly reexamines the formalism of ultrafast photon echo spectroscopy. We obtain a general expression for the echo signal, which is valid even for single-cycle-pulse applications. The derived formalism is applied to photon-echo spectroscopy on the hydrated electron with 5-fs pulses.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126063306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909908
Y. Nakanishi, A. Okamoto, T. Nakada, S. Honma
Summary for only given. All-optical interconnection have attracted a lot of attentions because of the possibility to develop optical processing and optical communication. The principle of the interconnection can be represented by using an optical matrix-vector multiplication. We propose an all-optical interconnection by matrix switching with photorefractive two-wave mixing.
{"title":"All-optical interconnection by matrix switching with photorefractive two-wave mixing","authors":"Y. Nakanishi, A. Okamoto, T. Nakada, S. Honma","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909908","url":null,"abstract":"Summary for only given. All-optical interconnection have attracted a lot of attentions because of the possibility to develop optical processing and optical communication. The principle of the interconnection can be represented by using an optical matrix-vector multiplication. We propose an all-optical interconnection by matrix switching with photorefractive two-wave mixing.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125270668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909727
J. Moloney, M. Kolesik, M. Matus, J. Hader, S. W. Koch
Summary form only given. Experimentally validated rigorous microscopic many-body calculations of semiconductor gain and refractive index spectra for a wide variety of quantum well structures provide the foundation on which we build a full scale space-time interactive simulation model of both low and high power semiconductor lasers. The simulation model is extremely flexible utilizing look-up tables generated for a particular QW structure with confinement barriers (GRINSCH, SCH). The ability now exists to design and optimize laser structures starting from the same level as the materials grower. We explicitly illustrate the occurrence of dynamic intensity filamentation in high power laser diodes and discuss the means to suppress such behavior using current/index profiling, cavity spoilers, flared contacts etc. As an illustration of low power instabilities, we discuss the stimulation of isolated multi-longitudinal mode beatings in the presence of an external feedback mirror, power dropouts in DFB and regular lasers and synchronization of high dimensional chaotic oscillations between a transmitter and receiver laser system.
{"title":"Microscopic physics-based interactive semiconductor laser simulator","authors":"J. Moloney, M. Kolesik, M. Matus, J. Hader, S. W. Koch","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909727","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Experimentally validated rigorous microscopic many-body calculations of semiconductor gain and refractive index spectra for a wide variety of quantum well structures provide the foundation on which we build a full scale space-time interactive simulation model of both low and high power semiconductor lasers. The simulation model is extremely flexible utilizing look-up tables generated for a particular QW structure with confinement barriers (GRINSCH, SCH). The ability now exists to design and optimize laser structures starting from the same level as the materials grower. We explicitly illustrate the occurrence of dynamic intensity filamentation in high power laser diodes and discuss the means to suppress such behavior using current/index profiling, cavity spoilers, flared contacts etc. As an illustration of low power instabilities, we discuss the stimulation of isolated multi-longitudinal mode beatings in the presence of an external feedback mirror, power dropouts in DFB and regular lasers and synchronization of high dimensional chaotic oscillations between a transmitter and receiver laser system.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125290249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909664
A. Demidovich, A.N. Kuzminz, G.I. Ryabtev, M. Danailov, W. Stręk, A. Titov
Summary form only given. The ytterbium containing active media are attractive for application in all solid-state diode pumped lasers emitting at /spl sim/1 /spl mu/m because of their favourable spectroscopic properties leading to small quantum gap and therefore low thermal loading. Here we present the results of experimental investigation of the laser properties of KY(WO/sub 4/)/sub 2/:Yb/sup 3+/ (or Yb:KYW) active media with Yb concentration varying in a wide range (1, 5, 10, and 20 at%), grown by the modified Czochralski technique from solution in K/sub 2/W/sub 2/O/sub 7/ melt.
{"title":"Dependence of Yb:KYW minilaser performance on Yb concentration","authors":"A. Demidovich, A.N. Kuzminz, G.I. Ryabtev, M. Danailov, W. Stręk, A. Titov","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909664","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The ytterbium containing active media are attractive for application in all solid-state diode pumped lasers emitting at /spl sim/1 /spl mu/m because of their favourable spectroscopic properties leading to small quantum gap and therefore low thermal loading. Here we present the results of experimental investigation of the laser properties of KY(WO/sub 4/)/sub 2/:Yb/sup 3+/ (or Yb:KYW) active media with Yb concentration varying in a wide range (1, 5, 10, and 20 at%), grown by the modified Czochralski technique from solution in K/sub 2/W/sub 2/O/sub 7/ melt.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115540573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909878
I. K. Razumova, A. Tkachuk, A. Mirzaeva, V. Gapontsev
Summary form only given. The main goal of our work was to investigate, both by theoretical and experimental methods, the influence of interionic cross relaxation processes (upconversion, selfquenching) on concentration dependences of inverse population of laser levels in LiYF/sub 4/:Er laser crystals under CW laser-diode pumping with different pump power densities.
{"title":"Population of excited levels in YLF:Er crystals under CW laser diode pumping","authors":"I. K. Razumova, A. Tkachuk, A. Mirzaeva, V. Gapontsev","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.909878","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The main goal of our work was to investigate, both by theoretical and experimental methods, the influence of interionic cross relaxation processes (upconversion, selfquenching) on concentration dependences of inverse population of laser levels in LiYF/sub 4/:Er laser crystals under CW laser-diode pumping with different pump power densities.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116389275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-10DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2000.910164
W. Krupke
Summary form only given. Selecting from but a handful of commercially available laser crystals, laser designers have produced an impressive array of solid state lasers able to perform a wide range of scientific, industrial and military applications. Laser design possibilities were enormously expanded with the development in the late 1980's of efficient bright, and powerful semiconductor laser diodes as pump sources for solid state lasers. Despite this, it sometimes proves difficult, if not impossible, to design lasers meeting some applications requirements, when drawing only on presently commercially-available laser crystals, especially when particularly demanding size, weight, and efficiency requirements are imposed. Thus, there continues to be a need to identify, characterize, and develop novel laser crystals possessing characteristics that significantly broaden design options for future laser devices and systems. Because the cost is rather large to transition a newly discovered optical material from laboratory experiments to commercial readiness, it is necessary that such materials possess significantly distinct and enabling characteristics, relative to available materials, and that the intended application(s) be sufficiently highly valued. Fortunately, since the discovery of the laser /spl sim/40 years ago, an extensive array of modeling tools, device design experiences, and material property data bases have evolved, which can be exploited to guide the search for applications enabling new laser materials. By way of example, the author considers in detail the search leading to the discovery of the new class of room-temperature, diode-pumped, tunable mid-IR lasers based on tetrahedrally-coordinated, divalent 3d-transition metal ions in II-VI chalcogenide crystals.
{"title":"New materials enabling new laser systems","authors":"W. Krupke","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2000.910164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2000.910164","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Selecting from but a handful of commercially available laser crystals, laser designers have produced an impressive array of solid state lasers able to perform a wide range of scientific, industrial and military applications. Laser design possibilities were enormously expanded with the development in the late 1980's of efficient bright, and powerful semiconductor laser diodes as pump sources for solid state lasers. Despite this, it sometimes proves difficult, if not impossible, to design lasers meeting some applications requirements, when drawing only on presently commercially-available laser crystals, especially when particularly demanding size, weight, and efficiency requirements are imposed. Thus, there continues to be a need to identify, characterize, and develop novel laser crystals possessing characteristics that significantly broaden design options for future laser devices and systems. Because the cost is rather large to transition a newly discovered optical material from laboratory experiments to commercial readiness, it is necessary that such materials possess significantly distinct and enabling characteristics, relative to available materials, and that the intended application(s) be sufficiently highly valued. Fortunately, since the discovery of the laser /spl sim/40 years ago, an extensive array of modeling tools, device design experiences, and material property data bases have evolved, which can be exploited to guide the search for applications enabling new laser materials. By way of example, the author considers in detail the search leading to the discovery of the new class of room-temperature, diode-pumped, tunable mid-IR lasers based on tetrahedrally-coordinated, divalent 3d-transition metal ions in II-VI chalcogenide crystals.","PeriodicalId":250878,"journal":{"name":"Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505)","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122449534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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