The article analyzes the early effects of the COVID_19 pandemic on the Georgian real estate market. There are studies examining the impact of health deterioration and pandemic shocks on housing markets. Based on the analysis of the economic consequences caused by similar events in the past and the tools of state regulation in a crisis situation, parallels are drawn with the modern Covid pandemic. In studying the crisis situation in the real estate market, we also rely on the experience of the global financial crisis of 2007-2008, which is most often associated with the current situation. The research is mainly based on the data of the Georgian Public Registry on the real estate market, which is updated by months. The article also discusses the role and importance of government decision-making in the development business, which has helped the real estate market to some extent. Crises are particularly damaging to the construction and real estate sectors, but we also expect that the real estate market will recover rapidly with the lifting of restrictions. This is based on the recent experience of Georgia, in particular, our simultaneous analysis of the results of the first wave of the COVID_19 pandemic. The situation was different during the crisis of 2007-2008, which was accompanied by war with Russia. Then the turn over of the construction sector decreased by 12% per year and it took about three years for the market to fully recover. At the same time, before 2008, the prices in the real estate market were very high, which confirmed the existence of a real estate "bubble". In modern conditions, it is difficult to talk about the existence of a "bubble", because before the pandemic real estate prices were balanced and stable. This fact allows for additional optimism. The paper summarizes the main findings, identifies all the challenges the market are facing and also provides relevant recommendations for market participants. Keywords: COVID_19 pandemic, Real Estate, Crisis, development business, State regulations.
{"title":"Early effects of theCOVID_19 pandemic on the real estate market in Georgia","authors":"Natia Terterashvili Natia Terterashvili","doi":"10.36962/nec6102202158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/nec6102202158","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the early effects of the COVID_19 pandemic on the Georgian real estate market. There are studies examining the impact of health deterioration and pandemic shocks on housing markets. Based on the analysis of the economic consequences caused by similar events in the past and the tools of state regulation in a crisis situation, parallels are drawn with the modern Covid pandemic. In studying the crisis situation in the real estate market, we also rely on the experience of the global financial crisis of 2007-2008, which is most often associated with the current situation. The research is mainly based on the data of the Georgian Public Registry on the real estate market, which is updated by months. The article also discusses the role and importance of government decision-making in the development business, which has helped the real estate market to some extent.\u0000 Crises are particularly damaging to the construction and real estate sectors, but we also expect that the real estate market will recover rapidly with the lifting of restrictions. This is based on the recent experience of Georgia, in particular, our simultaneous analysis of the results of the first wave of the COVID_19 pandemic. The situation was different during the crisis of 2007-2008, which was accompanied by war with Russia. Then the turn over of the construction sector decreased by 12% per year and it took about three years for the market to fully recover. At the same time, before 2008, the prices in the real estate market were very high, which confirmed the existence of a real estate \"bubble\". In modern conditions, it is difficult to talk about the existence of a \"bubble\", because before the pandemic real estate prices were balanced and stable. This fact allows for additional optimism.\u0000 The paper summarizes the main findings, identifies all the challenges the market are facing and also provides relevant recommendations for market participants.\u0000Keywords: COVID_19 pandemic, Real Estate, Crisis, development business, State regulations.","PeriodicalId":252272,"journal":{"name":"The New Economist","volume":"224 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122941839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we discuss the legislative proposal submitted by us, according to which we request an amendment to Article 61, Part 1, Paragraph 1 of the Election Code of Georgia, according to which a new function was added to the member of the flow regulation commission - if necessary, electronically check In the list. In addition, Article 58 (4) (b) of the law requires a change, according to which special places for election observers and party representatives will be allocated at the polling station on polling day, from where they will be able to freely observe the election process at the polling station. With these changes, the Election Code of Georgia will be able to better regulate the problems existing at the polling station on the polling day; It serves to create a safe, comfortable electoral environment for both the voter and the other persons involved in the election process in the line of duty. Keywords: Elections, Legislative Proposal, Election Code
{"title":"Polling stations - the main cornerstone of elections","authors":"Tsiala Meladze Tsiala Meladze","doi":"10.36962/nec6102202176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/nec6102202176","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we discuss the legislative proposal submitted by us, according to which we request an amendment to Article 61, Part 1, Paragraph 1 of the Election Code of Georgia, according to which a new function was added to the member of the flow regulation commission - if necessary, electronically check In the list. In addition, Article 58 (4) (b) of the law requires a change, according to which special places for election observers and party representatives will be allocated at the polling station on polling day, from where they will be able to freely observe the election process at the polling station.\u0000 With these changes, the Election Code of Georgia will be able to better regulate the problems existing at the polling station on the polling day; It serves to create a safe, comfortable electoral environment for both the voter and the other persons involved in the election process in the line of duty.\u0000Keywords: Elections, Legislative Proposal, Election Code","PeriodicalId":252272,"journal":{"name":"The New Economist","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132096494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E-learning has an increasingly important role within the ever-growing tertiary education system in many developed countries. While the research on e-learning is still relatively a novel discipline, with even a universally accepted definition being absent, there are numerous indications pointing to its increasing importance. For example, in the US alone, some 35% of university students take at least one online degree, while the ratio has been steadily increasing in the recent years. There are numerous underlying factors which support the intensification of e-learning. Most countries cannot keep up with the increasing demand for tertiary education by merely expanding their traditional universities – be it because of high needed fixed investments, or because or elevated costs of engaging the relatively scarce teaching staff. In the same time, the ICT revolution – as well as the ongoing COVID outbreak – both facilitate and require shifts to a delocalized contact between students and the teaching staff. In sum, this provides many developing countries with a mechanism of provision of tertiary education to large masses of prospective students without having to invest in physical infrastructure. However, this is not a process without challenges. Regulation in many countries is only yet to cope with these technology and demography-induced shifts in education. Some academic fields are not yet appropriate for distance learning. Cheating and plagiarism could be widespread if not tackled with appropriate strategies and technological solutions. This document examines these elements by providing an overview of the experiences in some of the countries where the e-learning system already took deep roots. Georgia has much to gain if it includes e-learning in its tertiary education system. Georgia at this moment is, seemingly, one of the few relatively developed countries which still do not have a fully-fledged and accredited e-learning platform within its tertiary education system. However, as World Bank data show, some 64% of Georgia’s high school graduates successfully enroll to a university, which is approx. 10 percentage points lower than OECD average, or as much as 25-30 percentage points lower than some of the world’s top education performers, such as Finland, the Netherlands or South Korea. While this gap needs to be bridged if Georgia is to tap the potential of the ongoing technological revolution, introduction of e-learning to its system may be of significant help, while it would not incur large additional costs. Indeed, numerous international examples show that in many countries, the number of students enrolled to universities soared following the introduction of e-learning, while the quality of education has not declined. In terms of increasing the base of potential enrollments, in Georgia’s case it is important to underline that e-learning may also be a mean of reaching out and connecting with members of the numerous Georgian diaspora. Also, setting u
{"title":"Benefits and challenges of applying e-learning in the Georgian higher education system","authors":"G. Abashishvili","doi":"10.36962/nec6102202112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/nec6102202112","url":null,"abstract":"E-learning has an increasingly important role within the ever-growing tertiary education system in many developed countries. While the research on e-learning is still relatively a novel discipline, with even a universally accepted definition being absent, there are numerous indications pointing to its increasing importance. For example, in the US alone, some 35% of university students take at least one online degree, while the ratio has been steadily increasing in the recent years.\u0000There are numerous underlying factors which support the intensification of e-learning. Most countries cannot keep up with the increasing demand for tertiary education by merely expanding their traditional universities – be it because of high needed fixed investments, or because or elevated costs of engaging the relatively scarce teaching staff. In the same time, the ICT revolution – as well as the ongoing COVID outbreak – both facilitate and require shifts to a delocalized contact between students and the teaching staff. In sum, this provides many developing countries with a mechanism of provision of tertiary education to large masses of prospective students without having to invest in physical infrastructure. \u0000However, this is not a process without challenges. Regulation in many countries is only yet to cope with these technology and demography-induced shifts in education. Some academic fields are not yet appropriate for distance learning. Cheating and plagiarism could be widespread if not tackled with appropriate strategies and technological solutions. This document examines these elements by providing an overview of the experiences in some of the countries where the e-learning system already took deep roots.\u0000Georgia has much to gain if it includes e-learning in its tertiary education system. Georgia at this moment is, seemingly, one of the few relatively developed countries which still do not have a fully-fledged and accredited e-learning platform within its tertiary education system. However, as World Bank data show, some 64% of Georgia’s high school graduates successfully enroll to a university, which is approx. 10 percentage points lower than OECD average, or as much as 25-30 percentage points lower than some of the world’s top education performers, such as Finland, the Netherlands or South Korea. While this gap needs to be bridged if Georgia is to tap the potential of the ongoing technological revolution, introduction of e-learning to its system may be of significant help, while it would not incur large additional costs. Indeed, numerous international examples show that in many countries, the number of students enrolled to universities soared following the introduction of e-learning, while the quality of education has not declined. In terms of increasing the base of potential enrollments, in Georgia’s case it is important to underline that e-learning may also be a mean of reaching out and connecting with members of the numerous Georgian diaspora. Also, setting u","PeriodicalId":252272,"journal":{"name":"The New Economist","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131652379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Education policy is an important direction of Georgia's security policy, of which higher education is an integral part. Institutions occupy an important place in its development. Regulatory norms, institutions, values, cultural patterns, forms of ownership are recognized directions for establishing progress in the education system, its arrangement and institutionalization. In conditions when there is no orderly, social protection-oriented system, as well as any clearly defined priorities, all forms of discrimination in the labor system in the education system are excluded by the Georgian legislation. In this field, sufficient experience has been accumulated in public and private higher education institutions of Georgia. This approach was developed by the adoption of the Organic Law of Georgia on the Labor Code of Georgia. Georgia needs the development of institutions that will enable us to effectively realize the potential of the higher education system. It is also important to implement long-term education reform, which is openly supported by the World Bank. Keywords: Institute, Institutionalization, Education Policy, Higher Education, European Standard Education System.
{"title":"Institutional Evolution of Higher Education in Georgia","authors":"Shota Veshapidze, Gia Zoidze","doi":"10.36962/nec6102202133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/nec6102202133","url":null,"abstract":"Education policy is an important direction of Georgia's security policy, of which higher education is an integral part. Institutions occupy an important place in its development. Regulatory norms, institutions, values, cultural patterns, forms of ownership are recognized directions for establishing progress in the education system, its arrangement and institutionalization.\u0000In conditions when there is no orderly, social protection-oriented system, as well as any clearly defined priorities, all forms of discrimination in the labor system in the education system are excluded by the Georgian legislation. In this field, sufficient experience has been accumulated in public and private higher education institutions of Georgia. This approach was developed by the adoption of the Organic Law of Georgia on the Labor Code of Georgia. \u0000Georgia needs the development of institutions that will enable us to effectively realize the potential of the higher education system. It is also important to implement long-term education reform, which is openly supported by the World Bank.\u0000Keywords: Institute, Institutionalization, Education Policy, Higher Education, European Standard Education System.","PeriodicalId":252272,"journal":{"name":"The New Economist","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130990750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conflicts remain an unresolved problem in the modern world, which is particularly difficult for such a small and developing country like Georgia. The collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the emergence of new sovereign states led not only to an adjustment of a world map but also global geostrategic changes. As a consequence, new centers of power appeared, operating through a variety of strategies to obtain a dominant position in the post-bipolar world. The South Caucasus region turned out to be especially “attractive” in this regard. Two of the conflicts in the abovementioned area arose directly in the territory of Georgia, and these conflicts remain unresolved. Research, analysis and search for settlement mechanisms of the conflicts in Abkhazia and Tskhinvali region are the most important challenges for Georgia, therefore, the purpose of our article is to present the impact of Russia's soft power in the existing conflicts and possible mechanisms for resolving the problem. Keywords: Geopolitics, Abkhazia, Tskhinvali, Conflicts
{"title":"The Geopolitical Dimension of the Conflicts in Abkhazia and the Tskhinvali Region","authors":"Gvantsa Chkheidze Gvantsa Chkheidze, Irakli Mekvevrishvili Irakli Mekvevrishvili","doi":"10.36962/nec6102202172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/nec6102202172","url":null,"abstract":"Conflicts remain an unresolved problem in the modern world, which is particularly difficult for such a small and developing country like Georgia. The collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the emergence of new sovereign states led not only to an adjustment of a world map but also global geostrategic changes. As a consequence, new centers of power appeared, operating through a variety of strategies to obtain a dominant position in the post-bipolar world. The South Caucasus region turned out to be especially “attractive” in this regard. Two of the conflicts in the abovementioned area arose directly in the territory of Georgia, and these conflicts remain unresolved. Research, analysis and search for settlement mechanisms of the conflicts in Abkhazia and Tskhinvali region are the most important challenges for Georgia, therefore, the purpose of our article is to present the impact of Russia's soft power in the existing conflicts and possible mechanisms for resolving the problem.\u0000Keywords: Geopolitics, Abkhazia, Tskhinvali, Conflicts","PeriodicalId":252272,"journal":{"name":"The New Economist","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131033792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Globalization is the result of the development of civilization. This process has helped reduce transportation costs around the world, resulting in an increase in travelers around the world. Travel is even recognized as an important determinant of the spread of the disease. Therefore, globalization has become the mechanism of transmission of the infectious disease coronavirus (Covid-19) worldwide. Thus, coronavirus-related events pose additional practical and symbolic challenges to the globalization agenda. The purpose of this article is to determine the potential impact of the pandemic on the future direction of globalization. Keywords: Covid-19, Deglobalisation, Economic Impact.
{"title":"The world pandemic- experiment developing deglobalisation","authors":"Kristina Jganjgava Kristina Jganjgava","doi":"10.36962/nec6102202139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/nec6102202139","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization is the result of the development of civilization. This process has helped reduce transportation costs around the world, resulting in an increase in travelers around the world. Travel is even recognized as an important determinant of the spread of the disease. Therefore, globalization has become the mechanism of transmission of the infectious disease coronavirus (Covid-19) worldwide. Thus, coronavirus-related events pose additional practical and symbolic challenges to the globalization agenda. The purpose of this article is to determine the potential impact of the pandemic on the future direction of globalization.\u0000Keywords: Covid-19, Deglobalisation, Economic Impact.","PeriodicalId":252272,"journal":{"name":"The New Economist","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124693099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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