Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657880
S. Espa, G. Lacorata
The variation of the Coriolis parameter with the latitude (β effect) strongly affects the turbulent inverse cascade. In fact, when this effect holds, energy is preferentially transferred towards zonal modes. The consequent emergence of flow structures along the zonal direction can strongly impact transport and modify both zonal and meridional scalar diffusion. We performed a detailed analysis of Lagrangian tracers dispersion on rotating flows simulated in laboratory. A relatively wide range of the zonostrophy index, a parameter used to characterize flow regimes in the presence of a β effect, is investigated. The degree of anisotropy and the characteristic scales of the flow have been estimated by means of the zonal and radial components of the Finite Scale Lyapunov Exponents. Moreover, we introduced the Lagrangian Anisotropy Index is in order to describe the onset of anisotropy and to verify the agreement with the theoretical predictions.
{"title":"Anisotropic Dispersion in Rotating Fluids: a Laboratory Model of Large Scale Flows","authors":"S. Espa, G. Lacorata","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657880","url":null,"abstract":"The variation of the Coriolis parameter with the latitude (β effect) strongly affects the turbulent inverse cascade. In fact, when this effect holds, energy is preferentially transferred towards zonal modes. The consequent emergence of flow structures along the zonal direction can strongly impact transport and modify both zonal and meridional scalar diffusion. We performed a detailed analysis of Lagrangian tracers dispersion on rotating flows simulated in laboratory. A relatively wide range of the zonostrophy index, a parameter used to characterize flow regimes in the presence of a β effect, is investigated. The degree of anisotropy and the characteristic scales of the flow have been estimated by means of the zonal and radial components of the Finite Scale Lyapunov Exponents. Moreover, we introduced the Lagrangian Anisotropy Index is in order to describe the onset of anisotropy and to verify the agreement with the theoretical predictions.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122795943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657831
E. Petritoli, F. Leccese, M. Cagnetti
this paper is a section of several preliminary studies versus the realization of an Underwater Drones of the Università degli Studi "Roma Tre" Science Department: we describe the study philosophy, the theoretical technological considerations for sizing and the development of a technological demonstrator of a high accuracy buoyancy control.
{"title":"A High Accuracy Buoyancy System Control for an Underwater Glider","authors":"E. Petritoli, F. Leccese, M. Cagnetti","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657831","url":null,"abstract":"this paper is a section of several preliminary studies versus the realization of an Underwater Drones of the Università degli Studi \"Roma Tre\" Science Department: we describe the study philosophy, the theoretical technological considerations for sizing and the development of a technological demonstrator of a high accuracy buoyancy control.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"13 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129483741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657897
R. Di Chio, F. Arena, S. Leonardi, G. Neri, N. Donato
In this paper, the oxidative degradation of phenolic compounds and their electrochemical monitoring by using nanostructured MnO2 is reported. MnO2 was synthesized by the redox-precipitation method and used as a catalyst for the wet air oxidation (CWAO) of phenol as a model compound under mild reaction conditions (T, 423 K; P, 1.4 MPa).The synthesized MnO2 nanoparticles display also good electrochemical properties and have been applied here to fabricate modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for rapid detection of phenolic compounds (phenol, hydroquinone and cathecol) in waste water.The reported results demonstrated the great potential of nanostructured MnO2 in the field of marine ambient pollution reduction and monitoring.
{"title":"Nanostructured MnO2 for phenolic compounds degradation and monitoring","authors":"R. Di Chio, F. Arena, S. Leonardi, G. Neri, N. Donato","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657897","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the oxidative degradation of phenolic compounds and their electrochemical monitoring by using nanostructured MnO2 is reported. MnO2 was synthesized by the redox-precipitation method and used as a catalyst for the wet air oxidation (CWAO) of phenol as a model compound under mild reaction conditions (T, 423 K; P, 1.4 MPa).The synthesized MnO2 nanoparticles display also good electrochemical properties and have been applied here to fabricate modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for rapid detection of phenolic compounds (phenol, hydroquinone and cathecol) in waste water.The reported results demonstrated the great potential of nanostructured MnO2 in the field of marine ambient pollution reduction and monitoring.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"47 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128242079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657879
L. Cappietti, Ilaria Crema, I. Simonetti
This article presents an assessment of water exchange between sea and the Orbetello Lagoon, Italy. The work methodology is based both on field measurements and on numerical simulations. The assessment is related to tidal, wind and atmospheric pressure for the whole 2016, taken as exemplary year. Field measurements have been conducted by means of level gauges, installed at four internal lagoon points, and one anemometer installed at a central internal point. Moreover, two tidal gages, one located at Civitavecchia harbor and the other at Marina di Campo (Elba Island) have been used to set the offshore boundary conditions for the numerical model. The numerical simulations have been conducted with the HD FM module of the MIKE21 software package, a fully non-linear shallow water solver. The numerical results match closely the field measurements, in terms of total sea-lagoon water exchange, but the former also permits to simulate the whole lagoon hydrodynamics thus allowing much deeper understanding of this physical system. In fact, the numerical simulation has also permitted understanding of the fraction of total water exchange taking place at each of the three lagoon channels connecting the lagoon to the sea.
这篇文章提出了一个评估之间的水交换海洋和奥尔贝特洛泻湖，意大利。工作方法以实地测量和数值模拟为基础。评估以2016年全年为例，涉及潮汐、风和大气压。现场测量是通过安装在四个内部泻湖点的液位计和安装在一个中央内部点的风速计进行的。此外，还利用位于Civitavecchia港和位于Marina di Campo (Elba岛)的两个潮汐计设置了数值模型的近海边界条件。利用全非线性浅水求解器MIKE21软件包中的高清调频模块进行了数值模拟。数值结果与现场测量结果非常吻合，就总海-泻湖水交换而言，但前者也允许模拟整个泻湖的水动力学，从而可以更深入地了解这一物理系统。事实上，数值模拟也使人们了解了在连接泻湖和海洋的三个泻湖通道中发生的总水交换的比例。
{"title":"Assessing water exchange between sea and the Orbetello lagoon (Italy) by field measurements and numerical simulations","authors":"L. Cappietti, Ilaria Crema, I. Simonetti","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657879","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an assessment of water exchange between sea and the Orbetello Lagoon, Italy. The work methodology is based both on field measurements and on numerical simulations. The assessment is related to tidal, wind and atmospheric pressure for the whole 2016, taken as exemplary year. Field measurements have been conducted by means of level gauges, installed at four internal lagoon points, and one anemometer installed at a central internal point. Moreover, two tidal gages, one located at Civitavecchia harbor and the other at Marina di Campo (Elba Island) have been used to set the offshore boundary conditions for the numerical model. The numerical simulations have been conducted with the HD FM module of the MIKE21 software package, a fully non-linear shallow water solver. The numerical results match closely the field measurements, in terms of total sea-lagoon water exchange, but the former also permits to simulate the whole lagoon hydrodynamics thus allowing much deeper understanding of this physical system. In fact, the numerical simulation has also permitted understanding of the fraction of total water exchange taking place at each of the three lagoon channels connecting the lagoon to the sea.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"222 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120832505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657866
F. Foglini, L. Angeletti, V. Bracchi, G. Chimienti, V. Grande, I. Hansen, A. Meroni, F. Marchese, A. Mercorella, M. Prampolini, M. Taviani, A. Vertino, F. Badalamenti, C. Corselli, I. Erdal, E. Martorelli, A. Savini
In this work, we present preliminary results of the first application in the Mediterranean Sea of a hyperspectral camera, a device commonly used for satellite or airborne remote sensing, adapted for the underwater environment. The spectral analysis was carried out on hyperspectral images acquired in two different environmental settings in the southern Adriatic Sea. This new technology shows high potentialities of application for benthic habitat mapping and monitoring.
{"title":"Underwater Hyperspectral Imaging for seafloor and benthic habitat mapping","authors":"F. Foglini, L. Angeletti, V. Bracchi, G. Chimienti, V. Grande, I. Hansen, A. Meroni, F. Marchese, A. Mercorella, M. Prampolini, M. Taviani, A. Vertino, F. Badalamenti, C. Corselli, I. Erdal, E. Martorelli, A. Savini","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657866","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present preliminary results of the first application in the Mediterranean Sea of a hyperspectral camera, a device commonly used for satellite or airborne remote sensing, adapted for the underwater environment. The spectral analysis was carried out on hyperspectral images acquired in two different environmental settings in the southern Adriatic Sea. This new technology shows high potentialities of application for benthic habitat mapping and monitoring.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134123806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657862
D. Laneve, M. Falconi, F. Chiavaioli, D. Farnesi, G. N. Conti, S. Soria, F. Baldini, F. Prudenzano
A system consisting of a microbubble coupled with a tapered fiber is designed in order to detect different concentrations of an aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. The microbubble whispering gallery modes WGMs are selectively excited by means of a pair of identical long period fiber gratings (LPGs) placed on both taper ends. The simulation of the set-up gives a numerical proof-of-concept toward the exploitation of sensing applications in medical diagnostic and environment monitoring. The response of the microbubble, in terms of the different WGMs resonance detuning shifts, to an increasing NaCl concentration is investigated. The simulated results promise interesting applications.
{"title":"Optical coupling of spherical microresonators with tapered fibers for chemical/biomedical applications","authors":"D. Laneve, M. Falconi, F. Chiavaioli, D. Farnesi, G. N. Conti, S. Soria, F. Baldini, F. Prudenzano","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657862","url":null,"abstract":"A system consisting of a microbubble coupled with a tapered fiber is designed in order to detect different concentrations of an aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. The microbubble whispering gallery modes WGMs are selectively excited by means of a pair of identical long period fiber gratings (LPGs) placed on both taper ends. The simulation of the set-up gives a numerical proof-of-concept toward the exploitation of sensing applications in medical diagnostic and environment monitoring. The response of the microbubble, in terms of the different WGMs resonance detuning shifts, to an increasing NaCl concentration is investigated. The simulated results promise interesting applications.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128595354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657870
A. Angrisano, S. Gaglione
Nowadays GNSSs are the most commonly used systems for localization; they are able to provide user absolute position with metric accuracy in benign environment, i.e. in scenarios without significant obstacles surrounding the user. On the other hand, in harsh scenarios GNSS performance are degraded, owing to the shortage of available measurements and/or to the presence of blunders among them. The blunder issue is usually addressed through RAIM techniques or robust estimation; the latter approach demonstrates often better performance, but suffers anyway the cases of multiple blunders and low redundancy. M-estimators, a particular class of robust estimators, are based on the minimization of functions of least squares residuals. A possible way to strengthen a M-estimator is to take into account for leverage observations, defined as measurements with high potential to affect estimation results. In this work, the Huber M-estimator is adapted to include information about leverage observations and is used to process GPS measurements, collected in harsh environment. The obtained results are very promising, with position errors reduction even beyond 50% with respect to classical Huber method.
{"title":"Mitigation of leverage observation effects in GNSS robust positioning","authors":"A. Angrisano, S. Gaglione","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657870","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays GNSSs are the most commonly used systems for localization; they are able to provide user absolute position with metric accuracy in benign environment, i.e. in scenarios without significant obstacles surrounding the user. On the other hand, in harsh scenarios GNSS performance are degraded, owing to the shortage of available measurements and/or to the presence of blunders among them. The blunder issue is usually addressed through RAIM techniques or robust estimation; the latter approach demonstrates often better performance, but suffers anyway the cases of multiple blunders and low redundancy. M-estimators, a particular class of robust estimators, are based on the minimization of functions of least squares residuals. A possible way to strengthen a M-estimator is to take into account for leverage observations, defined as measurements with high potential to affect estimation results. In this work, the Huber M-estimator is adapted to include information about leverage observations and is used to process GPS measurements, collected in harsh environment. The obtained results are very promising, with position errors reduction even beyond 50% with respect to classical Huber method.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115330999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657843
F. Nunziata, A. Buono, M. Migliaccio, G. Benassai, D. Luccio
Coastal geomorphology requires increasingly accurate topographic information of the beach systems to perform reliable simulation of coastal erosion and flooding phenomena, in order to obtain reliable vulnerability assessment. Among the range of remote sensing methods available to produce measurement of the coastline, this study tests the utility of low-altitude aerial imagery by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) on the beaches of Serapo and S. Agostino, located in the Latinum region, in the Thyrrenian Sea, and spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) measurements which are processed with the purpose of exploiting the dual-polarimetric information to better distinguish land from sea.The dataset consists of two sets of images, both acquired by UAV and SAR platforms, the first in December 2013 and the second in June 2018. A comparison of the coastline extraction obtained with the same technique in two different temporal sequences and between different techniques in the same period has been performed in order to assess benefits and limitations of each methodology.
{"title":"Shoreline erosion of microtidal beaches examined with UAV and remote sensing techniques","authors":"F. Nunziata, A. Buono, M. Migliaccio, G. Benassai, D. Luccio","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657843","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal geomorphology requires increasingly accurate topographic information of the beach systems to perform reliable simulation of coastal erosion and flooding phenomena, in order to obtain reliable vulnerability assessment. Among the range of remote sensing methods available to produce measurement of the coastline, this study tests the utility of low-altitude aerial imagery by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) on the beaches of Serapo and S. Agostino, located in the Latinum region, in the Thyrrenian Sea, and spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) measurements which are processed with the purpose of exploiting the dual-polarimetric information to better distinguish land from sea.The dataset consists of two sets of images, both acquired by UAV and SAR platforms, the first in December 2013 and the second in June 2018. A comparison of the coastline extraction obtained with the same technique in two different temporal sequences and between different techniques in the same period has been performed in order to assess benefits and limitations of each methodology.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126520215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657868
S. Pennino, V. Piscopo, A. Scamardella
The aim of the work is to analyse the incidence of Fourier transform parameters on sea spectrum resampling from wave time history, investigating how the selection of different parameters influences the rebuilt of the spectrum. Several cases have been examined to obtain a correlation between the recording time and the amplitude of the embodied window, useful to correctly resemble the input spectrum.
{"title":"Incidence of Fourier transform parameters on sea spectrum resampling from wave time history","authors":"S. Pennino, V. Piscopo, A. Scamardella","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657868","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work is to analyse the incidence of Fourier transform parameters on sea spectrum resampling from wave time history, investigating how the selection of different parameters influences the rebuilt of the spectrum. Several cases have been examined to obtain a correlation between the recording time and the amplitude of the embodied window, useful to correctly resemble the input spectrum.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133968403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657833
P. A. Giuliano Albo, S. Lago, R. Romeo
In metrological terms, salinity of seawater remains one of the most problematic quantity used in the frame of ocean science. The main reason is because, despite a clear definition of salinity, the realization of the unit is still linked to the use of artifact of natural origin characterized by measurements of conductivity. The latter seems to be the only quantity capable to guarantee the necessary accuracy at the moment. However, the concept of salinity, but not the definition, is linked to the quantity of substance contained in seawater, that is not pure water, and conductivity measurement can only partially cover the physico-chemical aspects characterizing the thermodynamic behavior of seawater. In these cases, the measurement of the density is more appropriate and, thanks to its recent progresses, it seems to be a promising way to guarantee the traceability of salinity measurement in seawater. This work is a contribution to the measurement of the density of IAPSO standard seawater, using the method of hydrostatic weighing. Despite this method is limited to work at atmospheric pressure, it is the best approach in term of accuracy. The measurement method is, mainly, analyzed from the metrological point of view, focusing on the traceability chain supporting the reliability of the obtained results.
{"title":"Density measurements of IAPSO Standard Seawater by hydrostatic weighing","authors":"P. A. Giuliano Albo, S. Lago, R. Romeo","doi":"10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/METROSEA.2018.8657833","url":null,"abstract":"In metrological terms, salinity of seawater remains one of the most problematic quantity used in the frame of ocean science. The main reason is because, despite a clear definition of salinity, the realization of the unit is still linked to the use of artifact of natural origin characterized by measurements of conductivity. The latter seems to be the only quantity capable to guarantee the necessary accuracy at the moment. However, the concept of salinity, but not the definition, is linked to the quantity of substance contained in seawater, that is not pure water, and conductivity measurement can only partially cover the physico-chemical aspects characterizing the thermodynamic behavior of seawater. In these cases, the measurement of the density is more appropriate and, thanks to its recent progresses, it seems to be a promising way to guarantee the traceability of salinity measurement in seawater. This work is a contribution to the measurement of the density of IAPSO standard seawater, using the method of hydrostatic weighing. Despite this method is limited to work at atmospheric pressure, it is the best approach in term of accuracy. The measurement method is, mainly, analyzed from the metrological point of view, focusing on the traceability chain supporting the reliability of the obtained results.","PeriodicalId":252792,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115115212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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