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2018 IEEE 30th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)最新文献

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Improving Constraint Solving on Parallel Hybrid Systems 改进的并联混合系统约束求解方法
Pedro Roque, V. Pedro, Daniel Diaz, Salvador Abreu
Recently, we developed the Parallel Heterogeneous Architecture Constraint Toolkit (PHACT), which is a multi-threaded constraint solver capable of using all the available devices which are compatible with OpenCL, in order to speed up the constraint satisfaction process. In this article, we introduce an evolution of PHACT which includes the ability to execute FlatZinc and MiniZinc models, as well as architectural improvements which boost the performance in solving CSPs, especially when using GPUs.
最近,我们开发了并行异构架构约束工具包(PHACT),它是一个多线程约束求解器,能够使用所有与OpenCL兼容的可用设备,以加快约束满足过程。在本文中,我们介绍了PHACT的演变,其中包括执行FlatZinc和MiniZinc模型的能力,以及架构改进,这些改进提高了解决csp的性能,特别是在使用gpu时。
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引用次数: 1
Effective Ant Colony Optimization Solution for the Brazilian Family Health Team Scheduling Problem 巴西家庭医疗队调度问题的有效蚁群优化解决方案
Willian Heitor Martins, Lucia Helena Souza Alves de Santiago, Rafael de Santiago, L. Lamb
The family health strategy in Brazil is a program that aims at universal access to actions and services of health promotion, protection, and recovery. In this nationwide program, teams of health professionals are responsible for attending and promoting health actions to a community of a specific area. These teams perform home visits that will support the patients of their respective target areas who demand special health care. To help in the scheduling process of these visits, we propose a new bi-objective problem and two methods for its implementation. The main method is an Ant Colony Optimization-based (ACO) heuristic. The other one is an exact linear programming algorithm designed to allow for experimental comparisons. Our experiments suggest that our ACO surpassed the exact solver in runtime, reaching the optimal solutions for all the solutions known. Amortized complexity analysis showed that the ACO heuristic has sublinear complexity over the number of patients.
巴西的家庭保健战略是一项旨在普及促进、保护和恢复健康的行动和服务的方案。在这个全国性的项目中,由卫生专业人员组成的团队负责参加并促进特定地区社区的卫生行动。这些小组进行家访,为各自目标地区需要特殊保健服务的病人提供支持。本文提出了一个新的双目标问题,并提出了两种实现方法。主要方法是基于蚁群优化的启发式算法。另一个是一个精确的线性规划算法,旨在允许实验比较。我们的实验表明,我们的蚁群算法在运行时超越了精确求解器,达到了所有已知解的最优解。平摊复杂度分析表明,蚁群算法的复杂度随患者数量呈亚线性变化。
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引用次数: 0
Co-Ride: Collaborative Preference-Based Taxi-Sharing and Taxi-Dispatch 共乘:基于协同偏好的出租车共享与调度
F. Golpayegani, S. Clarke
Taxi-sharing is an emergent transport mode, which has shown promising results economically, by splitting the travel cost between passengers and environmentally, by serving more people in each trip. Intelligent taxi-dispatch approaches can also manage demand by distributing taxis according to population density in a city. Current approaches to taxi-sharing recommend passengers share a taxi by matching their origin and destination, and taxi-dispatch approaches simply send more taxis to populated areas. However, each passenger may have multiple preferences (e.g., level of convenience, time, cost, and environmental factors), and require a mechanism that offers options considering these preferences. Similarly, taxi drivers may have multiple preferences (e.g., number of hours to work, minimum revenue per day) that need to be considered during a taxi-dispatch planning process. This paper presents a multi-agent collaborative passenger matching and taxi-dispatch model. Passengers and drivers are modeled as autonomous agents having multiple often-conflicting preferences. Passenger agents collaboratively take actions to form a group for a taxi-share, and taxi agents collaborate to achieve a dispatch plan.
出租车共享是一种新兴的交通方式,它通过在乘客和环境之间分摊出行成本,每次出行服务更多的人,在经济上显示出良好的效果。智能出租车调度方法还可以根据城市的人口密度分配出租车来管理需求。目前的出租车共享方法是通过匹配出发地和目的地来推荐乘客共享一辆出租车,而出租车调度方法只是将更多的出租车派往人口密集的地区。然而,每个乘客可能有多种偏好(例如,便利程度、时间、成本和环境因素),并且需要一种机制来提供考虑这些偏好的选项。同样,出租车司机可能有多种偏好(例如,工作小时数,每天的最低收入),这些都需要在出租车调度计划过程中考虑。提出了一种多智能体协同乘客匹配与出租车调度模型。乘客和司机被建模为具有多种经常相互冲突的偏好的自主代理。乘客代理协作采取行动,形成出租车共享组,出租车代理协作实现调度计划。
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引用次数: 13
Sensus Vox: Sentiment Mapping Through Smartphone Multi-Sensory Crowdsourcing Sensus Vox:通过智能手机多感官众包的情感映射
Angelos Fasoulis, M. Virvou, G. Tsihrintzis, C. Patsakis, Efthymios Alepis
Sentiment analysis is a rather intriguing subject that modern ICT tools enable us to explore and analyze. In this work we perform, to the best of our knowledge, the most wide analysis of sentiment mapping to geographic locations and time through smartphones, in an attempt to both visualize them and also reveal possible correlations and patterns. Our vast dataset consisting of more than 56.000 samples, from 100 individuals, for a time period of nine months, revealed patterns, both in space and time, that are directly linked to geographic locations of users and provide an aggregated real-time insight on how people feel, allowing for a wide range of applications.
情感分析是一个相当有趣的主题,现代信息通信技术工具使我们能够探索和分析。在这项工作中,据我们所知,我们通过智能手机对地理位置和时间的情感映射进行了最广泛的分析,试图将它们可视化,并揭示可能的相关性和模式。我们庞大的数据集由超过56000个样本组成,来自100个人,为期9个月,揭示了空间和时间上的模式,这些模式与用户的地理位置直接相关,并提供了关于人们感受的汇总实时洞察,允许广泛的应用。
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引用次数: 3
Power Poses Affect Risk Tolerance and Skin Conductance Levels 权力姿势影响风险承受能力和皮肤电导水平
Davide Saggese, G. Cordasco, M. Maldonato, N. Bourbakis, A. Vinciarelli, A. Esposito
Humans are used to express their feelings of selfconfidence/ powerfulness or their distress/sadness through either expansive postures that occupy as much space as possible or closing postures occupying as less space as possible to avoid contact. This conduct suggests that feelings of selfconfidence/ powerfulness or distress/sadness change our body expressions/postures. It can be interesting to assess whether the reverse is also true, i.e. the way we arrange our body at a given moment would affect our feelings. The present research reports an investigation on such argument. To this aim, 50 subjects (25 females) aged between 23 and 31 years were requested to adopt either an expansive (high-powered) or contracted (low-powered) posture for as long as 3 minutes and then asked to bet money in a dice game. The results show that assuming high-power poses favors risk tolerant behaviors and rises feelings of powerfulness. This is not true in the case of low-power postures, which engender a sense of stress, sustained by a significant increase of skin conductance levels. Considerations are made on how to exploit these results for psychotherapy and rehabilitation purposes, as well as, for the implementation of artificial intelligent systems operating as tools for well-being and coaching.
人类习惯于通过占据尽可能多空间的伸展姿势或占用尽可能少空间的闭合姿势来表达自信/强大或痛苦/悲伤的感觉,以避免接触。这种行为表明,自信/强大或痛苦/悲伤的感觉会改变我们的身体表情/姿势。评估反过来是否也成立是很有趣的,也就是说,我们在特定时刻安排身体的方式会影响我们的感受。本研究报告对这一论点进行了调查。为此,50名年龄在23至31岁之间的受试者(25名女性)被要求采取伸展(强势)或收缩(弱势)的姿势长达3分钟,然后被要求在骰子游戏中下注。结果表明,假设拥有高权力有利于风险容忍行为,并增加权力感。这在低权力姿势的情况下是不正确的,这种姿势会产生一种压力感,由皮肤电导水平的显著增加来维持。考虑如何将这些结果用于心理治疗和康复目的,以及作为健康和指导工具的人工智能系统的实施。
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引用次数: 2
New Evolutionary Approaches for SAT Solving SAT求解的新进化方法
Madalina Raschip, Cornelius Croitoru, Cristian Frasinaru
This paper proposes new randomized fitness functions for a genetic algorithm used to solve the satisfiability problem. The fitness functions follow the general idea of probability amplification. The first function is inspired by the Lovász Local Lemma, while the second one is based on a randomized 2-SAT approximation. The genetic algorithm uses some specific components derived from unit propagation. The crossover operator and the restart strategy are designed to benefit from the application of unit propagation. A local search algorithm is applied on the best solution at each step of the algorithm in order to improve it. Competitive results were obtained for different benchmarks when compared with state-of-the-art algorithms.
为求解可满足性问题的遗传算法提出了新的随机适应度函数。适应度函数遵循概率放大的一般思想。第一个函数的灵感来自Lovász局部引理,而第二个函数是基于随机的2-SAT近似。遗传算法使用了一些从单位传播中衍生出来的特定组件。交叉算子和重启策略的设计受益于单元传播的应用。为了改进算法,在算法的每一步对最优解进行局部搜索算法。与最先进的算法相比,在不同的基准下获得了具有竞争力的结果。
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引用次数: 2
Managing Power Flows in SmartGrids with Physically-Inspired Reactive Agents 使用物理启发的反应代理管理智能电网中的潮流
Franck Gechter, Lauri Fabrice, Gussy Anthony, Staine Florian
Managing electrical energy is nowadays a challenge of paramount importance in many countries. One of the numerous problems of this challenge is the one that consists in determining (and managing) the power flows between consumers and producers in a micro-grid (i.e. a local electrical connected network nearly isolated from the main, national level, electricity network), so as to take advantage of the renewable sources, typically solar panel and wind generator, and solicit the main grid (i.e. the global network) the least possible in order to fulfill the demand, for instance. To manage the power flows, we propose in this paper an approach based on agents that represent consumers and producers. They are moved by attractive and repulsive forces, inspired by Newtonian Physics, whose intensities depend on the amount of electrical power available by the ones and required by the others. Experimental results obtained from simulations show that this approach can manage power flows in an open system by avoiding black-out. Moreover, the results obtained show adaptability skills (i.e. producers can be added and removed in runtime).
管理电能是当今许多国家最重要的挑战。这一挑战的众多问题之一是确定(和管理)微电网中消费者和生产者之间的电力流动(即几乎与国家一级的主要电网隔离的本地电力连接网络),以便利用可再生能源,通常是太阳能电池板和风力发电机,并要求主电网(即全球网络)尽可能少地满足需求,例如。为了管理电力流,本文提出了一种基于代表消费者和生产者的代理的方法。它们受引力和排斥力的影响,受牛顿物理学的启发,引力和排斥力的强度取决于一方可用的电力和另一方所需的电力。仿真实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地控制开放系统中的潮流,避免停电。此外,获得的结果显示适应性技能(即可以在运行时添加和删除生产者)。
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引用次数: 0
Exploiting Global Semantic Similarity Biterms for Short-Text Topic Discovery 基于全局语义相似bitterms的短文本主题发现
Heng-yang Lu, Gao-Jian Ge, Yun Li, Chong-Jun Wang, Junyuan Xie
The demand for mining massive short-text data from the Internet has promoted researches on topic models. There exist many schemes trying to solve the sparsity problems brought by short texts, mainly based on data aggregation or model improvement. Among them, Biterm Topic Model changes the way of modeling topics, which is on document-level biterms and has shown creativity and effectiveness. However, this may ignore those semantically similar and rarely co-occurrent word pairs, which are denoted as global biterms in this paper. Inspired by the successful application of word embeddings in GPU-DMM, we exploit word embeddings to extract semantically similar word pairs from the whole corpus to help discover better topics. We call this model as GloSS, which takes advantages of both the approach to model topics and word embeddings. Experimental results on two open-source and real datasets are superior to state-of-the-art topic models for short texts.
从互联网中挖掘海量短文本数据的需求推动了主题模型的研究。目前已有许多解决短文本稀疏性问题的方案,主要是基于数据聚合或模型改进。其中,Biterm Topic Model改变了在文档级Biterm上对主题进行建模的方式,显示出创造性和有效性。然而,这可能会忽略那些语义相似且很少共现的词对,本文将其表示为全局双术语。受词嵌入在GPU-DMM中的成功应用启发,我们利用词嵌入从整个语料库中提取语义相似的词对,以帮助发现更好的主题。我们把这个模型称为GloSS,它同时利用了建模主题和词嵌入的方法。在两个开源和真实数据集上的实验结果优于最先进的短文本主题模型。
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引用次数: 3
Computing Argument Preferences and Explanations in Abstract Argumentation 抽象论证中的论证偏好计算与解释
Quratul-ain Mahesar
We present a novel automated approach for the computation and verification of preferences in an abstract argumentation system. Various argumentation semantics have been developed for identifying acceptable sets of arguments, however, there is a lack of explanatory justification for their acceptability based on preferences. We present an algorithm which takes an abstract argumentation framework and a single extension (conflict-free set of arguments) as input, and outputs preference relations that explain why a set of arguments are acceptable as opposed to their attackers. We also present an algorithm to verify that the output preferences when used with the given argumentation framework induce the input extension.
我们提出了一种新的自动化方法来计算和验证抽象论证系统中的偏好。已经开发了各种论证语义来识别可接受的论证集,然而,缺乏基于偏好的可接受性的解释性理由。我们提出了一种算法,它采用抽象论证框架和单一扩展(无冲突的参数集)作为输入,并输出偏好关系,解释为什么一组参数是可接受的,而不是攻击者。我们还提出了一种算法来验证当与给定的论证框架一起使用时,输出偏好是否会导致输入扩展。
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引用次数: 2
A Particle Swarm Optimization for Selective Pickup and Delivery Problem 选择性取货问题的粒子群优化
Z. Peng, Z. Al-Chami, H. Manier, M. Manier
This paper studies a variant of vehicle routing problem called Selective Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows and Paired Demands (SPDPTWPD). A visiting sequence of each assigned vehicle needs to be determined by respecting the imposed constraints. Like for other combinatorial problems, the optimal solution cannot be obtained in a reasonable time when the size increases. An approached method is thus chosen as an alternative to tackle this issue. The proposed method integrates particle swarm optimization (PSO) with local searches by considering the diversification of PSO and intensification of local search. To validate the method, experiments are made on the benchmarks from the literature. The experiments are divided into two parts. In the first part, a self-comparison is made to demonstrate the evolutionary capacity of PSO and the efficiency of proposed local searches. In the second part, the proposed method is compared with a genetic algorithm from the literature. The results show that the method is competitive and efficient.
本文研究了车辆路径问题的一种变体,即具有时间窗和配对需求的选择性取货问题。每个指定车辆的访问顺序需要通过尊重所施加的约束来确定。与其他组合问题一样,当规模增大时,不能在合理的时间内得到最优解。因此,选择一种接近的方法来解决这个问题。该方法考虑粒子群算法的多样化和局部搜索的强化,将粒子群算法与局部搜索相结合。为了验证该方法,在文献中的基准上进行了实验。实验分为两个部分。在第一部分中,通过自我比较证明了粒子群算法的进化能力和局部搜索的效率。在第二部分中,本文提出的方法与文献中的遗传算法进行了比较。结果表明,该方法具有一定的竞争力和有效性。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2018 IEEE 30th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)
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