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Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk Scientific Research Institute of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. Economic Sciences最新文献

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INFRASTRUCTURE AND CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF TRANSPORT LOGISTICS 运输物流的基础设施和概念基础
Nataliia Metelenko, O. Kovalenko
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引用次数: 0
POSTULATES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF OBJECTS AND SYSTEMS AND COMPLIANCE WITH THESE POSTULATES OF PROCESSES OCCURRING IN THE DOMESTIC MARKET OF GOODS 对象和系统的发展规律以及在国内商品市场中发生的过程的这些规律的遵从性
N. Verhoglyadova, N. Mardus
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引用次数: 0
REPORTING OF FORESTRY ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF MANAGEMENT OF THE NATURAL RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF THE INDUSTRY 报告林业企业在经营条件下的行业自然资源潜力
Tetiana Haiduchok, N. Tsehelnyk
It was determined that forestry enterprises not only meet the needs of society and the economy in wood and other valuable products, but also preserve and improve the protective properties of forests, increase their quality and productivity, protect, protect, multiply and grow new forests. It was found that one of the most important conditions for the successful functioning of forestry enterprises is the formation of reporting, which takes into account the legislation, the specifics of forestry and, accordingly, the specifics of forestry activities. The specificity of the activity of forestry enterprises affects the composition of reporting and the process of forming its indicators. Form No. 5 «Notes to the Annual Financial Statements» was analyzed and it was noted that it does not satisfy the information needs of users of financial statements regarding forest management operations, as Section XIV «Biological Assets» presents information on biological assets of animal and plant origin, i.e. this section does not adapted to the specifics of the activities of enterprises of the forest complex. It is substantiated that the Notes to the annual financial statements contain an incorrect presentation of information about forest products. In our opinion, it is not economically appropriate to combine harvested forest products and products of their processing, since they are completely different products. It was determined that the information resources of specialized forms of statistical reporting of forestry enterprises are provided in the Report on the reproduction and protection of forests (form No. 3-lg) and the Report on registration, extraction and breeding of hunting animals (form No. 2-tp (hunting)). Internal reporting forms are proposed for use at forestry enterprises, which are recommended to be prepared monthly, and materially responsible persons (foresters) are responsible for their content. The proposed forms of internal management reporting will allow the management of the enterprise to be quickly and accurately provided with information on the volumes of forest products harvested by their types.
确定林业企业不仅要满足社会和经济对木材和其他有价值产品的需要,而且要保持和改善森林的保护性,提高森林的质量和生产力,保护、保护、繁殖和发展新的森林。人们发现,林业企业成功运作的最重要条件之一是编制报告,这种报告考虑到立法、林业的具体情况,因而也考虑到林业活动的具体情况。林业企业活动的特殊性影响到报告的构成及其指标的形成过程。对表格5“年度财务报表附注”进行了分析,指出它不能满足财务报表使用者对森林经营业务的资料需要,因为第十四节“生物资产”所列资料是关于动植物来源的生物资产,即这一节不适合森林综合企业活动的具体情况。经证实,年度财务报表的说明不正确地列示了有关森林产品的资料。我们认为,将收获的林产品与其加工的产品结合起来在经济上是不合适的,因为它们是完全不同的产品。确定林业企业统计报告专业形式的信息资源在《森林繁殖与保护报告》(表3-lg)和《狩猎动物登记、提取和养殖报告》(表2-tp(狩猎))中提供。建议在林业企业使用内部报告表格,建议每月编制一次,并由实质性负责人(林务员)负责其内容。拟议的内部管理报告形式将使企业的管理层能够迅速和准确地获得关于按种类采伐的林产品数量的资料。
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引用次数: 0
INFLUENCE OF NEUROTECHNOLOGIES AND PRICING TECHNIQUES OF MERCHANDISING ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR 神经技术与商品定价技术对消费者行为的影响
L. Kapinus, N. Skrygun, N. Molin
Marketers at all times have sought to look into the heads of consumers to find out the answers to their questions – what and how people choose in a particular category of products. But it was possible to do this only with the emergence of a separate direction, which was called neuromarketing. Thanks to neuromarketing research, it is possible to constantly develop and increase the effectiveness of marketing. This direction allows you to develop the most effective advertising model for a particular company. Indeed, in this case, each innovation undergoes the study, during which the neurological reactions and emotions evoked in the target audience by the product are recorded. The article is devoted to the consideration of existing psychological methods and price techniques of neuromarketing and their impact on consumer behavior. The necessity of studying such criterion as the influence of advertising on buyers from the point of view of the optimal functioning of the enterprise in modern market conditions is considered. The definitions of neuromarketing are given in accordance with the various fields of science and, in particular, in relation to marketing activities. The history of the development of neuromarketing research is described, which theories prevailed until the formation of this direction and which scientists contributed to its development. The differences between neuromarketing research and those used in classical marketing are described. It is concluded that the most optimal option is the integrated use of research data. It has been determined that only large companies can afford to create their own divisions to conduct the relevant research. Since the maintenance of suchstructureit requires quite a lot of finance. The goals and objectives of neuromarketing, as well as triggers, which are the main ones for influencing the subconscious of consumers, have been determined. The ways of influencing on consumer behavior are described. It also reflects different points of view on the use of the results of neuromarketing research in the companies’activities. It was determined that neuromarketing is a fairly promising method for determining the effectiveness of advertising messages, which is already used by leading companies.
营销人员一直在试图深入消费者的头脑,寻找他们问题的答案——人们在特定类别的产品中选择什么以及如何选择。但要做到这一点,需要一个独立的方向的出现,这个方向被称为神经营销。多亏了神经营销研究,才有可能不断发展和提高营销的有效性。这个方向允许您为特定公司开发最有效的广告模式。事实上,在这种情况下,每个创新都经历了研究,在此期间,产品在目标受众中引起的神经反应和情绪被记录下来。本文致力于考虑现有的神经营销的心理方法和价格技术及其对消费者行为的影响。从现代市场条件下企业最优运行的角度出发,研究广告对购买者影响等准则的必要性。神经营销学的定义是根据不同的科学领域给出的,特别是与营销活动有关的定义。描述了神经营销研究的发展历史,哪些理论在这一方向形成之前占主导地位,哪些科学家为其发展做出了贡献。描述了神经营销研究与经典营销研究之间的差异。综合利用研究数据是最优的选择。已经确定,只有大公司才有能力建立自己的部门来进行相关研究。由于这种结构的维护需要相当多的资金。神经营销的目标和目的以及触发因素是影响消费者潜意识的主要因素,已经确定。描述了影响消费者行为的途径。它也反映了在公司活动中使用神经营销研究结果的不同观点。人们认为,神经营销是一种相当有前途的方法,可以确定广告信息的有效性,这种方法已经被一些领先的公司使用。
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引用次数: 0
THE MAIN APPROACHES TO DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN UKRAINE AND IN THE WORLD 在乌克兰和世界发展运输系统发展战略的主要方法
Tetiana Stroyko, Vitalii Burkul
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引用次数: 0
THE PERFECTION OF THE REMUNERATION SYSTEM AT AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE 工业企业薪酬制度的完善
V. Stoev, Y. Dzhenkov
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引用次数: 0
THE FEATURES OF ACCOUNTING OF RENTAL OPERATIONS WITH LAND PARCELS 地块租赁业务的会计核算特点
Larysa Polyatykina
At the article the actual problems of accounting of rental operations with land parcels was researched. The key questions of the efficiency of functioning and development of lease relations in agricultural production were considered. The analysis of the regulatory framework of land relations allowed identifying the most important problems of accounting of rental operations with land parcels. Also, the forms of rental operations were considered and reasonable terms of rent were proposed. In a separate projection, the issues arising between the participants of the lease relations with land plots were considered. The proposals to improve the accounting of land lease transactions were justified. These propositions will give opportunities to ensure the progressive development of the agricultural sector of the national economy, increase its competitiveness. A lot of problems associated with need to improving the efficiency of land use were identified. This situation is a consequence of the short-term desire of landowners or tenants to maximize profits, which an attitude leads to depletion of the country's land fund. The leading branch of Ukraine's economy is agriculture, based on the principles that contribute to improving soil fertility. However, the study of scientific papers and the practice of economic activity show, that some of the theoretical provisions of the research of specifies of accounting for lease transactions with land are debatable, and a number of important aspects of their organization, evaluation and methods of accounting, analysis and audit need to be improved. Based on the above, research topics and its target orientation are quite relevant. The aim of the study is theoretical and methodological justification and evaluation of land use efficiency in agricultural enterprises of Sumy region, and, also, justification of methodological approaches and development of practical proposals to improve the economic efficiency of land use in current conditions. Carrying out of additional in-depth research of features of the account of lease operations with land plots of the enterprises is perspective. This will identify existing and possible causes of deterioration of the state land fund and will find ways to improve them.
本文对地块租赁经营核算的实际问题进行了研究。讨论了农业生产中租赁关系的运作效率和发展的关键问题。通过对土地关系管理框架的分析,可以确定土地租赁业务会计的最重要问题。此外,还审议了租赁业务的形式,并提出了合理的租金条件。在另一项预测中,审议了土地租赁关系参与者之间产生的问题。改善土地租赁交易会计的建议是合理的。这些主张将为确保国民经济中农业部门的逐步发展,提高其竞争力提供机会。发现了许多与需要提高土地利用效率有关的问题。这种情况是土地所有者或租客追求利润最大化的短期愿望的结果,这种态度导致了国家土地基金的枯竭。乌克兰经济的主要部门是农业,其基础是有助于提高土壤肥力的原则。然而,对科学论文的研究和经济活动的实践表明,研究土地租赁交易会计规定的一些理论规定是有争议的,其组织、评估和会计、分析和审计方法的一些重要方面需要改进。在此基础上,研究课题及其目标定位具有很强的相关性。本研究的目的是对苏梅地区农业企业的土地利用效率进行理论和方法上的论证和评价,并对目前条件下提高土地利用经济效率的方法方法进行论证,提出切实可行的建议。进一步深入研究企业地块租赁经营核算的特点是有前景的。这将确定国家土地基金恶化的现有和可能的原因,并将找到改善这些原因的方法。
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引用次数: 0
THE FOREIGN TRADE PARTIES CONTRACT MANAGEMENT IN THE TERMS OF ORIENTAL ECONOMICAL SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT 从东方经济体制发展的角度看对外贸易当事人的合同管理
O. Tkach
In the presented article the problems of structure, adaptation, implementation and realization of the international contracts have been researched according to the international norms and principals of the free selected character of the contracts and its implementing in the terms of EU and international process and condition of oriental economical systems mutual influence. In present, can be discussable the results of mutual influence of the oriental economical system. The separate point can be researched as overseas business activity of the Companies which being provided on the base of signed International Trade Contracts. In this circumstances International terms and conditions are seemed vital and necessary for use and need to be well interpreted and implemented. In this way Lex merkantoria is acceptable and need to be used, applied within negotiation and Contract preparing. Lex merkantoria is devoted to trade terms and payment conditions. Local juridical systems of the countries mostly well synchronized with world accepted trade principles. But in some cases there is possible that domestic regulation system tries to influence toward foreign trade cases. It can be visual within a preparation for foreign trade Contracts fulfillment or payment, custom clearance procedure. We need to know that within a negotiation the Parties need to present and discuss all the Contract points. The results of those negotiations are need to be written by and properly signed. No other third Part has a right to influence or over revise the negotiated Contract points. In Ukraine the Local Official Authorities, Commercial Enterprises try to regulate, revise and impact toward already signed and agreed foreign trade Contracts. This is totally against and not in conformity with the rules and principals of the International rules and regulation. Important that within a COVID 2019 problem the number of the active Enterprises started to use a digital documents. The International trade Contracts paper version takes different attitude and no other Party has a right to influence. That is why some discussable items of that will be presented below.
本文根据合同自由选择性质的国际规范和原则,以及在欧盟和东方经济体系相互影响的国际进程和条件下的合同实施,对国际合同的结构、适应、实施和实现等问题进行了研究。目前,可以探讨东方经济体系相互影响的结果。这一分点可以作为公司在签订国际贸易合同的基础上所提供的海外经营活动来研究。在这种情况下,使用国际条款和条件似乎是至关重要和必要的,需要得到很好的解释和执行。这样,merkantoria法律是可以接受的,需要在谈判和合同准备中使用和应用。Lex merkantoria专门研究贸易条款和付款条件。这些国家的地方司法制度大多与世界公认的贸易原则很好地同步。但在某些情况下,国内监管制度也有可能试图对外贸案件施加影响。它可以在可视范围内为外贸合同的履行或付款、清关程序做准备。我们需要知道,在谈判中,双方需要提出并讨论所有合同要点。这些谈判的结果需要由各方书面记录并适当签署。任何其他第三方都无权影响或修改本合同的协商内容。在乌克兰,地方官方机构、商业企业试图规范、修改和影响已经签署和商定的对外贸易合同。这完全违反和不符合国际规则和条例的规则和原则。重要的是,在2019年COVID问题中,活跃企业的数量开始使用数字文档。《国际贸易合同》纸质版有不同的态度,其他方无权影响。这就是为什么下面将提出一些可讨论的项目。
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引用次数: 0
PECULIARITIES OF CHOOSING THE METHOD OF ESTIMATING THE MARKET VALUE OF BUSINESS IN DIAGNOSING ITS ECONOMIC SECURITY 企业经济安全诊断中市场价值估算方法选择的特殊性
I. Lintur, Mary Petrychko
The article is devoted to the characteristics of methods of estimating the value of business in diagnosing its economic security. The study aims to analyze modern methods of estimating the value of business in view of the peculiarities of unstable market operation in modern conditions. Also, the peculiarities of the methodology of business value assessment taking into account the size of the business are investigated. Emphasis is placed on the need to form an assessment of the value of the business in the diagnosis of economic security of such business, taking into account the state of the market and the reliability of the data used by the appraiser in the calculations. The relevance of the topic of the study is the need to form a comprehensive approach to assessing the value of business in diagnosing its economic security. This approach should cover as much as possible the parameters of the business, the state of the market and the reliability of the data for calculations. Methods of scientific generalization, analysis, synthesis and comparison were used during the research. As a result of the study, it was concluded that in general, all approaches, regardless of the size of the business are interrelated. Each of them involves the use of different types of information obtained in the market. When choosing an approach, the evaluator has different perspectives. Although these approaches are based on data collected in the same market, each deals with different aspects of the market. Under ideal market conditions, all approaches to business valuation should lead to approximately the same result. However, in the real economy, markets are almost unbalanced. There is a logical need to study and identify effective methods of assessing the value of the business to take into account the safety of such business, which allowed to calculate a generalized, representative assessment of the value of the business. Thus, in modern conditions, the process of successful operation of business largely depends on the level of economic security. In our opinion, the use of comprehensive business valuation based on a combination of all valuation methods eliminates one-sidedness and more realistic assessment of business value and obtain a reliable source of information for its forecasting in order to make informed management decisions. The experience of assessing business value abroad based on the application of international assessment standards is outlined. The development and application of methodological approaches to assess the current level of business value and determine the impact of this indicator on the level of economic security of enterprises will allow to make sound economic decisions and predict the response of economic security to appropriate action.
本文探讨了企业价值评估方法在企业经济安全诊断中的特点。本研究的目的是针对现代条件下不稳定市场运作的特点,分析评估企业价值的现代方法。此外,考虑到业务规模的业务价值评估方法的特点进行了调查。在对企业的经济安全进行诊断时,重点是需要对企业的价值进行评估,同时考虑到市场状况和评估师在计算中使用的数据的可靠性。本研究课题的相关性在于,在诊断企业经济安全时,需要形成一种评估企业价值的综合方法。这种方法应尽可能地涵盖业务参数、市场状态和计算数据的可靠性。在研究过程中采用了科学的归纳、分析、综合和比较的方法。作为研究的结果,得出的结论是,在一般情况下,所有的方法,无论企业的规模是相互关联的。每一种方法都涉及使用从市场获得的不同类型的信息。当选择一种方法时,评估者有不同的观点。虽然这些方法都是基于在同一市场中收集的数据,但每个方法都涉及市场的不同方面。在理想的市场条件下,所有的商业评估方法都应该产生大致相同的结果。然而,在实体经济中,市场几乎是不平衡的。从逻辑上讲,需要研究和确定评估企业价值的有效方法,以考虑到此类企业的安全性,从而可以计算出对企业价值的广义、代表性评估。因此,在现代条件下,企业成功运作的过程在很大程度上取决于经济安全水平。我们认为,综合运用各种评估方法对企业进行综合估值,可以消除企业价值评估的片面性,使评估更加真实,为企业价值的预测提供可靠的信息来源,从而做出明智的管理决策。概述了国外在应用国际评估标准的基础上评估企业价值的经验。开发和应用方法学方法来评估当前的商业价值水平,并确定这一指标对企业经济安全水平的影响,将有助于做出合理的经济决策,并预测经济安全对适当行动的反应。
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引用次数: 0
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TERRITORY POSITIONING 区域定位有效性评价的理论和方法基础
E. Boychenko, Liudmyla Danyliuk
Based on the results of our research, we believe that the essence of positioning a territory is a set of efforts aimed at adapting it to the requirements of target market segments. When positioning a territory, use such characteristics that are important for business entities, investors, residents, or persons who are interested in this territory, and which they are guided by when making their choice. Under the economic attractiveness of the territory, it is advisable to understand the totality of the results of financial and economic activity of the economic complex of the territory and its economic potential. The economic attractiveness of the territory gives an idea of the economic development of the territory based on objective and subjective characteristics. It is proved that the formation of social attractiveness of the territory should be considered as a process of creating a qualitative state of the living conditions of society, and above all, increasing the level of its social well-being. Attractivity in the context of forming the attractiveness of the territory is considered as a symbiosis of appropriate household (comfortable) conditions for the life of the population and a clean environment, on the other hand, the existence of a favorable business environment that ensures the efficiency of business activities and creates the basis for meeting the various needs of society. The implementation of the territory positioning concept is based on activities aimed at identifying unique characteristics of the territory that allow attracting additional resources for their functioning and attracting the attention of potential investors. The attractiveness of territories under this concept is determined by their unique characteristics. The effectiveness of measures for positioning a territory (country, region, ah) can be determined using appropriate assessments of its effectiveness. Note that efficiency will be understood as the ratio between the results obtained and the costs (resources) for obtaining these results. When evaluating the effectiveness of territory positioning, we consider comparing the costs that are spent with the results of the positioning procedure. Estimating the cost-effectiveness of territory positioning is significantly complicated. This is because the results of this process (image creation, brand promotion, business reputation formation) are expressed not so much in monetary or value-form, but have an intangible effect. It is proved that the results of positioning the territory should be considered as an intangible asset that has its value.
根据我们的研究结果,我们认为,定位一个领域的本质是一系列努力,旨在使其适应目标细分市场的要求。在定位一个地区时,要使用对商业实体、投资者、居民或对该地区感兴趣的人很重要的特征,并在他们做出选择时加以指导。在该地区的经济吸引力下,最好了解该地区经济综合体的金融和经济活动的总体结果及其经济潜力。地域的经济吸引力从客观特征和主观特征两个方面对地域的经济发展状况进行评价。事实证明,领土社会吸引力的形成应被视为创造社会生活条件的定性状态的过程,最重要的是提高其社会福利水平。在形成领土吸引力的背景下,吸引力被认为是人口生活的适当家庭(舒适)条件和清洁环境的共生关系,另一方面,有利的商业环境的存在确保了商业活动的效率,并为满足社会的各种需求创造了基础。领土定位概念的实施是基于旨在确定领土独特特征的活动,以便为其运作吸引更多资源,并吸引潜在投资者的注意。根据这一概念,领土的吸引力是由其独特的特征决定的。领土(国家,地区,啊)定位措施的有效性可以通过对其有效性的适当评估来确定。请注意,效率将被理解为所获得的结果与获得这些结果的成本(资源)之间的比率。在评估区域定位的有效性时,我们考虑将花费的成本与定位过程的结果进行比较。估算领土定位的成本效益是非常复杂的。这是因为这个过程的结果(形象塑造、品牌推广、商业信誉形成)不是以货币或价值形式来表达的,而是具有无形的效果。事实证明,地域定位的结果应被视为具有其价值的无形资产。
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引用次数: 0
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Bulletin of Dnipropetrovsk Scientific Research Institute of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. Economic Sciences
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