The article presents the approaches and methodological basis for development of the control system of operational risks at the Russian railways. It gives a brief description of normative and information support of the system. Two samples are shown to assess fire risks at railway stations and pedestrian injuries which may occur at pedestrian and level crossings.
{"title":"Risk Management System on the Railway Transport","authors":"I. Shubinsky, A. Zamyshlyaev","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.84","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the approaches and methodological basis for development of the control system of operational risks at the Russian railways. It gives a brief description of normative and information support of the system. Two samples are shown to assess fire risks at railway stations and pedestrian injuries which may occur at pedestrian and level crossings.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124300796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article focuses on matters connected with catering basic needs of inhabitants of Oswiecim, through providing work and housing. To make a standard of living in a town higher, and create a better social integration, we need to remember about places to relax, sport and recreation, take care of the needs of every social group and to encourage them to active style of life. A multifunctional town - work, housing, recreation, and culture - this is the direction of development of modern cities.
{"title":"The Multifunctional Town - A Sustainable Development of the Town of Oswiecim","authors":"Bartosz Janik","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.104","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on matters connected with catering basic needs of inhabitants of Oswiecim, through providing work and housing. To make a standard of living in a town higher, and create a better social integration, we need to remember about places to relax, sport and recreation, take care of the needs of every social group and to encourage them to active style of life. A multifunctional town - work, housing, recreation, and culture - this is the direction of development of modern cities.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117164639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a reliability analysis of a combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant. A Multi-state Markov model is introduced for a two-shaft CCGT where combustion turbine and steam turbine are coupled to a proper generator. The model is a suitable representation for both base load unit and intermittent operating unit. By using the model, such reliability characteristics as Forced Outage Rate, Equivalent Forced Outage Rate, etc. can be easily calculated. Sensitivity analysis for reliability data uncertainty is also provided. The numerical example based on real world combined-cycle power plant is presented in order to illustrate the model application.
{"title":"Multi-state Markov Model for Reliability Analysis of a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant","authors":"A. Lisnianski, D. Laredo, Hanoch Ben-Haim","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.31","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a reliability analysis of a combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant. A Multi-state Markov model is introduced for a two-shaft CCGT where combustion turbine and steam turbine are coupled to a proper generator. The model is a suitable representation for both base load unit and intermittent operating unit. By using the model, such reliability characteristics as Forced Outage Rate, Equivalent Forced Outage Rate, etc. can be easily calculated. Sensitivity analysis for reliability data uncertainty is also provided. The numerical example based on real world combined-cycle power plant is presented in order to illustrate the model application.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115800972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper is devoted to some aspects of reliability of Instrumentation and Control Systems (I&Cs) for Nuclear Power Plants (NPP). A few challenges regarding regulation, assessment and assure of NPP I&Cs reliability and safety are analyzed considering: the most known accidents in NPPs including the last of them at the Fukushima Daiichi, a progress in development and implementation of information technologies and computer components (hardware, software, FPGA). Tasks and solutions for NPP I&C reliability and safety which follow from these challenges are described. In particular, related standards, the problems of assessment and implementation of diversity principle and safety assurance are analyzed. Security informed safety approach is discussed.
{"title":"Reliability and Safety of Nuclear Power Plant Instrumentation and Control Systems: New Challenges and Solutions","authors":"M. Yastrebenetsky, V. Kharchenko","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.19","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is devoted to some aspects of reliability of Instrumentation and Control Systems (I&Cs) for Nuclear Power Plants (NPP). A few challenges regarding regulation, assessment and assure of NPP I&Cs reliability and safety are analyzed considering: the most known accidents in NPPs including the last of them at the Fukushima Daiichi, a progress in development and implementation of information technologies and computer components (hardware, software, FPGA). Tasks and solutions for NPP I&C reliability and safety which follow from these challenges are described. In particular, related standards, the problems of assessment and implementation of diversity principle and safety assurance are analyzed. Security informed safety approach is discussed.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128115951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Among the many factors responsible for the high quality of urban space, we can distinguish inter alia, elements and measures supporting its health-promoting nature, which are often an important argument for the implementation of modernization of the urban fabric. Apart from the architectural form itself, a special role in those activities can be attributed to social and economic factors, as well as spatial conditions corresponding to, among others, spatial composition. They can provide a high quality living environment and an opportunity to implement a preferred lifestyle of the residents and users of the space. Spatial conditions may also focus on the issues arising from the healthy nature of urban areas positively affecting human, physical condition and his mental well-being, as well as a sense of social cohesion. This paper presents, among others, the criteria of urban space evaluation, performed due to their health promoting conditions and new trends in the development of modern, human living environment, taking into account its pro-health character.
{"title":"Health - Promoting Nature of the Urban Space","authors":"J. Kobylarczyk","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.105","url":null,"abstract":"Among the many factors responsible for the high quality of urban space, we can distinguish inter alia, elements and measures supporting its health-promoting nature, which are often an important argument for the implementation of modernization of the urban fabric. Apart from the architectural form itself, a special role in those activities can be attributed to social and economic factors, as well as spatial conditions corresponding to, among others, spatial composition. They can provide a high quality living environment and an opportunity to implement a preferred lifestyle of the residents and users of the space. Spatial conditions may also focus on the issues arising from the healthy nature of urban areas positively affecting human, physical condition and his mental well-being, as well as a sense of social cohesion. This paper presents, among others, the criteria of urban space evaluation, performed due to their health promoting conditions and new trends in the development of modern, human living environment, taking into account its pro-health character.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"23 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113936446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new method of binary test results evaluation when checking a latent ability is proposed. We examine the case where a population of objects is tested by a set of test items having different, but unknown beforehand levels of difficulty, and one needs to evaluate both the intrinsic abilities of these objects and the level of difficulty of every test items. We assume that the same scale invariant item response model applies to all objects under study.
{"title":"A New Approach to Simultaneous Latent Ability & Test Difficulty Estimation","authors":"E. Bashkansky, V. Turetsky","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.22","url":null,"abstract":"A new method of binary test results evaluation when checking a latent ability is proposed. We examine the case where a population of objects is tested by a set of test items having different, but unknown beforehand levels of difficulty, and one needs to evaluate both the intrinsic abilities of these objects and the level of difficulty of every test items. We assume that the same scale invariant item response model applies to all objects under study.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124310469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charge transport in disordered materials, such as organic and amorphous inorganic semiconductors, is often modeled in a stochastic framework. The microstructure of the disordered material is interpreted as a realization of a stochastic model and, given a realization of this model, the charge transport process itself is treated as a random process. In this paper, we give an introduction to this combined stochastic modeling approach. We first describe the basic physics underlying charge transport in disordered materials. Then, we discuss stochastic models of the material and the charge transport process. In organic semiconductors, charge transport is modeled either by a continuous-time random walk in a random environment or an interacting particle system in a random environment. In amorphous inorganic semiconductors, charge transport is modeled by a continuous-time random walk in a deterministic environment. In the organic semiconductor case, the resulting stochastic models need to be solved using numerical methods. As such, we discuss Monte Carlo methods for estimating charge transport properties. In particular, we discuss a recently developed method, Aggregate Monte Carlo, which can be used to significantly speed up Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, we discuss the problem of modeling recombination in organic semiconductors.
{"title":"Stochastic Models of Charge Transport in Disordered Media","authors":"T. Brereton, V. Schmidt","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.53","url":null,"abstract":"Charge transport in disordered materials, such as organic and amorphous inorganic semiconductors, is often modeled in a stochastic framework. The microstructure of the disordered material is interpreted as a realization of a stochastic model and, given a realization of this model, the charge transport process itself is treated as a random process. In this paper, we give an introduction to this combined stochastic modeling approach. We first describe the basic physics underlying charge transport in disordered materials. Then, we discuss stochastic models of the material and the charge transport process. In organic semiconductors, charge transport is modeled either by a continuous-time random walk in a random environment or an interacting particle system in a random environment. In amorphous inorganic semiconductors, charge transport is modeled by a continuous-time random walk in a deterministic environment. In the organic semiconductor case, the resulting stochastic models need to be solved using numerical methods. As such, we discuss Monte Carlo methods for estimating charge transport properties. In particular, we discuss a recently developed method, Aggregate Monte Carlo, which can be used to significantly speed up Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, we discuss the problem of modeling recombination in organic semiconductors.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122069479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work we focus on multi state systems that we model by means of semi-Markov processes. The sojourn times are seen to be independent not identically distributed random variables and assumed to belong to a general class of distributions that includes several popular reliability distributions like the exponential, Weibull, and Pareto. We obtain maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters of interest and for various quantities related to the system under study.
{"title":"On Semi-Markov Modelling and Inference for Multi-state Systems","authors":"V. Barbu, A. Karagrigoriou, A. Makrides","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.20","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we focus on multi state systems that we model by means of semi-Markov processes. The sojourn times are seen to be independent not identically distributed random variables and assumed to belong to a general class of distributions that includes several popular reliability distributions like the exponential, Weibull, and Pareto. We obtain maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters of interest and for various quantities related to the system under study.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123524520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article continues our studies on local dependence in political world and reliability. We assume and derive the joint distributions between components. Then we apply measures of dependence between random events to turn them into local dependence between random variables on a rectangle in the plain. General rule is described. The political models and reliability schemes appear just as illustrations of these rules. Graphical examples should confirm the beauty, simplicity and the utility of this approach.
{"title":"Dependence Structures in Politics and in Reliability","authors":"S. Esa, B. Dimitrov","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.59","url":null,"abstract":"This article continues our studies on local dependence in political world and reliability. We assume and derive the joint distributions between components. Then we apply measures of dependence between random events to turn them into local dependence between random variables on a rectangle in the plain. General rule is described. The political models and reliability schemes appear just as illustrations of these rules. Graphical examples should confirm the beauty, simplicity and the utility of this approach.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122837742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In practice, optimal control problems of stochastic switching are notoriously challenging from a computational viewpoint, since typical real-world applications are high dimensional. In this approach, we suggest an algorithmic solution which is based on some convexity assumptions frequently fulfilled in applications. Furthermore, we show how the quality of numerical solution can be assessed. An efficient implementation of our algorithms is discussed.
{"title":"Algorithmic Solutions for Optimal Switching Problems","authors":"Juri Hinz, Jeremy Yee","doi":"10.1109/SMRLO.2016.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMRLO.2016.102","url":null,"abstract":"In practice, optimal control problems of stochastic switching are notoriously challenging from a computational viewpoint, since typical real-world applications are high dimensional. In this approach, we suggest an algorithmic solution which is based on some convexity assumptions frequently fulfilled in applications. Furthermore, we show how the quality of numerical solution can be assessed. An efficient implementation of our algorithms is discussed.","PeriodicalId":254910,"journal":{"name":"2016 Second International Symposium on Stochastic Models in Reliability Engineering, Life Science and Operations Management (SMRLO)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123399591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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