Spanish Abstract: Las interrelaciones entre los sistemas económico, ambiental y social pueden tener incidencia sobre la paz. Los agentes económicos afectan el entorno y este a su vez los modifica. Así, esta problemática requiere de enfoques que permitan comprender estos vínculos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar elementos teóricos que contribuyan a la consolidación de la paz con una perspectiva de sostenibilidad desde el rol económico. Para ello, se hace una revisión bibliográfica utilizando metabuscadores, seguimiento de tendencias en la discusión científica y revisión de autores seminales, a partir de lo cual se obtienen elementos teóricos a ser analizados a través del enfoque de casos contrarios. Se identifica que la cooperación, selección intergrupal y aislamiento de nichos en el marco de la teoría de la complejidad, teoría evolutiva y transición a la sostenibilidad pueden favorecer la emergencia de la paz en un contexto sostenible. English Abstract: The interrelationships between the economic, environmental and social systems should have an impact on peace. Economic agents affect the environment and this in turn modifies them. Therefore, this problem requires theoretical approaches that allow us to understand those links. This article aims to identify, theoretical elements that contribute to consolidation of peace in a sustainable perspective from the economic role. For this, a literature review was carried out through meta-search engines, trend monitoring on scientific discussion and review of seminal authors. Theoretical elements gathering were analyzed through the opposing case approach. It was identified that cooperation, intergroup selection and isolation of niches within the framework of complexity theory, evolutionary theory and transition to sustainability could favor the emergence of peace in a sustainable context.
经济、环境和社会系统之间的相互关系可能对和平产生影响。经济主体影响环境，环境反过来又改变环境。因此，这个问题需要理解这些联系的方法。本文旨在从经济作用的可持续性角度确定有助于巩固和平的理论要素。本文提出了一种方法，通过使用元搜索引擎进行文献综述，跟踪科学讨论的趋势，并对具有开创性的作者进行综述，从而获得理论元素，通过相反的案例方法进行分析。在复杂性理论、进化理论和向可持续性过渡的框架内，合作、群体间选择和生态位隔离可以促进可持续背景下的和平出现。英文摘要:经济、环境和社会制度之间的相互关系应对和平产生影响。经济因素影响环境，进而改变环境。因此，这个问题需要理论方法来理解这些联系。本文旨在从经济作用的可持续角度确定有助于巩固和平的理论因素。For this through meta-search而开展的,《文献》,中监测科学讨论and review of精囊authors。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的面积为。会议确定，在复杂性理论、演化理论和向可持续性过渡的框架内进行合作、群体间选择和隔离，可有利于在可持续背景下出现和平。
{"title":"Economía de la complejidad: contribuciones para la paz con un enfoque sostenible (Economics of Complexity: Contributions for Peace from a Sustainable Approach)","authors":"Ángela Isabel Giraldo Suárez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3919754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3919754","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish Abstract: Las interrelaciones entre los sistemas económico, ambiental y social pueden tener incidencia sobre la paz. Los agentes económicos afectan el entorno y este a su vez los modifica. Así, esta problemática requiere de enfoques que permitan comprender estos vínculos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar elementos teóricos que contribuyan a la consolidación de la paz con una perspectiva de sostenibilidad desde el rol económico. Para ello, se hace una revisión bibliográfica utilizando metabuscadores, seguimiento de tendencias en la discusión científica y revisión de autores seminales, a partir de lo cual se obtienen elementos teóricos a ser analizados a través del enfoque de casos contrarios. Se identifica que la cooperación, selección intergrupal y aislamiento de nichos en el marco de la teoría de la complejidad, teoría evolutiva y transición a la sostenibilidad pueden favorecer la emergencia de la paz en un contexto sostenible. English Abstract: The interrelationships between the economic, environmental and social systems should have an impact on peace. Economic agents affect the environment and this in turn modifies them. Therefore, this problem requires theoretical approaches that allow us to understand those links. This article aims to identify, theoretical elements that contribute to consolidation of peace in a sustainable perspective from the economic role. For this, a literature review was carried out through meta-search engines, trend monitoring on scientific discussion and review of seminal authors. Theoretical elements gathering were analyzed through the opposing case approach. It was identified that cooperation, intergroup selection and isolation of niches within the framework of complexity theory, evolutionary theory and transition to sustainability could favor the emergence of peace in a sustainable context.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123542944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-20DOI: 10.5547/01956574.43.2.BCAL
Baturay Çalci, B. Leibowicz, J. Bard
Strong liquefied natural gas (LNG) demand growth, especially in Asia, could increasingly motivate gas infrastructure development in North America. Nevertheless, opposition to new gas infrastructure is formidable in some of the U.S. states and Canadian provinces that are well positioned to supply LNG to the Asian market. In this paper, we investigate the combined effects of LNG demand growth and export infrastructure restrictions on North American natural gas markets through 2050. To do so, we build a mixed complementarity model with endogenous capacity investments. It is parameterized using publicly available data sources. Our results show that even if new export terminals cannot be constructed on the West Coast, LNG exports largely shift to other regions rather than suffer an overall decline. Increasing external demand for LNG puts upward pressure on regional prices in North America, and directs production and pipeline flows toward the regions that export LNG.
{"title":"North American Natural Gas Markets under LNG Demand Growth and Infrastructure Restrictions","authors":"Baturay Çalci, B. Leibowicz, J. Bard","doi":"10.5547/01956574.43.2.BCAL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5547/01956574.43.2.BCAL","url":null,"abstract":"Strong liquefied natural gas (LNG) demand growth, especially in Asia, could increasingly motivate gas infrastructure development in North America. Nevertheless, opposition to new gas infrastructure is formidable in some of the U.S. states and Canadian provinces that are well positioned to supply LNG to the Asian market. In this paper, we investigate the combined effects of LNG demand growth and export infrastructure restrictions on North American natural gas markets through 2050. To do so, we build a mixed complementarity model with endogenous capacity investments. It is parameterized using publicly available data sources. Our results show that even if new export terminals cannot be constructed on the West Coast, LNG exports largely shift to other regions rather than suffer an overall decline. Increasing external demand for LNG puts upward pressure on regional prices in North America, and directs production and pipeline flows toward the regions that export LNG.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116814466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Giao, Tran Dieu Hang, Le Thai Son, Dinh Kiem, Bui Nhat Vuong
Bao Loc City is the new tourism destination in Lam Dong province, Vietnam, where more and more tourists have been drawn to pay a visit. This study aims to test the correlative impact of tourism service quality factors on satisfaction of the tourists who have visited Bao Loc City. The key theory used in this study is SERVQUAL scale. The survey sample consists of 350 tourists who stayed overnight in Bao Loc City in the last quarter of 2019; 315 valid survey questionnaires could be used for the analysis. The research applied Cronbach’s Alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modeling (SEM), and bootstrap test. The results show that the satisfaction of the tourists who have visited Bao Loc City has been affected statistically by three factors: (1) Responsiveness; (2) Reliability; and (3) Empathy, which were ranked by descending importance. Surprisingly, the research found that Tangibles and Assurance do not have an impact on tourists’ satisfaction towards Bao Loc City. The research formulates some suggestions to the city policy-makers and the tourism businesses management in Bao Loc City in order to enhance tourists’ satisfaction through improving the tourism service quality at Bao Loc City.
{"title":"Tourists’ Satisfaction towards Bao Loc City, Vietnam","authors":"H. Giao, Tran Dieu Hang, Le Thai Son, Dinh Kiem, Bui Nhat Vuong","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/n7u3c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/n7u3c","url":null,"abstract":"Bao Loc City is the new tourism destination in Lam Dong province, Vietnam, where more and more tourists have been drawn to pay a visit. This study aims to test the correlative impact of tourism service quality factors on satisfaction of the tourists who have visited Bao Loc City. The key theory used in this study is SERVQUAL scale. The survey sample consists of 350 tourists who stayed overnight in Bao Loc City in the last quarter of 2019; 315 valid survey questionnaires could be used for the analysis. The research applied Cronbach’s Alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modeling (SEM), and bootstrap test. The results show that the satisfaction of the tourists who have visited Bao Loc City has been affected statistically by three factors: (1) Responsiveness; (2) Reliability; and (3) Empathy, which were ranked by descending importance. Surprisingly, the research found that Tangibles and Assurance do not have an impact on tourists’ satisfaction towards Bao Loc City. The research formulates some suggestions to the city policy-makers and the tourism businesses management in Bao Loc City in order to enhance tourists’ satisfaction through improving the tourism service quality at Bao Loc City.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130740993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to investigate whether the claimed conflict regarding "jobs versus the environment" exists in the Swedish manufacturing industry. The impact of environmental management costs on employment is studied using a detailed firm-level panel data for the Swedish manufacturing industry over the period 2001–2008. The results show that the sign and magnitude of such costs on employment ultimately depends on the aggregate sector-level output demand elasticity. If the output demand is inelastic, environmental management costs induce small positive net changes in employment, while a more elastic output demand could offset the positive effect and result in negative, but in most sectors relatively small, net effects on employment. Hence, the results do not generally indicate any substantial trade-off between jobs and the environment. However, in the absence of empirically estimated demand effects, the policy implication from this study still generally advocates a careful attitude regarding national environmental initiatives for sectors exposed to world market price competition.
{"title":"Environment Versus Jobs: An Industry-Level Analysis of Sweden","authors":"G. Amjadi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3636135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3636135","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to investigate whether the claimed conflict regarding \"jobs versus the environment\" exists in the Swedish manufacturing industry. The impact of environmental management costs on employment is studied using a detailed firm-level panel data for the Swedish manufacturing industry over the period 2001–2008. The results show that the sign and magnitude of such costs on employment ultimately depends on the aggregate sector-level output demand elasticity. If the output demand is inelastic, environmental management costs induce small positive net changes in employment, while a more elastic output demand could offset the positive effect and result in negative, but in most sectors relatively small, net effects on employment. Hence, the results do not generally indicate any substantial trade-off between jobs and the environment. However, in the absence of empirically estimated demand effects, the policy implication from this study still generally advocates a careful attitude regarding national environmental initiatives for sectors exposed to world market price competition.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128826777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-24DOI: 10.15406/mojph.2020.09.00328
Morufu Olalekan Raimi
Local participation is always beneficial for sustainable action and environmental problems resulting from urban implementation due to the failure of social and institutional change necessary for a successful transformation of rural life to urban life ahead of the rapid movement of the population. Despite good legal practice and comprehensive guidelines, evidence suggests that Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) or more broadly Environmental, Social and Health Impact Assessment (ESHIA) have not yet been found satisfactory in Nigeria, as the current system amounts to duplication of efforts and cost. However, ESHIA has been developed and integrated to help manage project activities, facilities, and operations sustainably, so that both economic and ecological profits are accrued (sustainable development) or ensure that any development project does not result in excessive deterioration of and/or the irreversible adverse effect on any component of the environment – a recite for sustainable development. A literature review was done by using a variety of search engines including Research Gate, Google Scholar, Academia, Mendeley, SSRN search strategy to retrieve research publications, “grey literature” and expert working group reports. The thrust of this study is to evaluate the potential benefits of ESHIA as a tool for sustainable environmental development. The evaluation and implementation of EIA are one of the strengths of these tools. Indeed, EIA is the first and foremost management tool employed to help mitigate adverse, potential, and associated impacts of proposed major developments in our environment. EIA is a regulatory requirement that is efficiently used to improve performance, project design, enhancing decision-making, and facilitating policy programs in a sustainable environment. An evaluation of the EIA systems reveals several weaknesses of the EIA system. These include the inadequate capacity of EIA approval authorities, deficiencies in screening and scoping, poor EIA quality, insufficient public participation, and weak monitoring and erratic government policies. Overall, most EIA study rarely meets the objectives of being a project planning tool to contribute to achieving sustainable development and mitigate the impact of the development project. The study recommends some directions for the future to ensure that entire content of the EIA are religiously implemented, review the existing EIA act, increase the expertise of EIA consultants, create a liaison office with an international organisation and with sister agency, ESHIA must enjoy Improved budgetary provision, time latitude, spatial contexts and methodological improvements for outcome measures to achieve results that are relevant to sustainable development by improving project design, enhancing decision making and facilitating policy programs.
{"title":"A Review of Environmental, Social and Health Impact Assessment (Eshia) Practice in Nigeria: A Panacea for Sustainable Development and Decision Making","authors":"Morufu Olalekan Raimi","doi":"10.15406/mojph.2020.09.00328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojph.2020.09.00328","url":null,"abstract":"Local participation is always beneficial for sustainable action and environmental problems resulting from urban implementation due to the failure of social and institutional change necessary for a successful transformation of rural life to urban life ahead of the rapid movement of the population. Despite good legal practice and comprehensive guidelines, evidence suggests that Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) or more broadly Environmental, Social and Health Impact Assessment (ESHIA) have not yet been found satisfactory in Nigeria, as the current system amounts to duplication of efforts and cost. However, ESHIA has been developed and integrated to help manage project activities, facilities, and operations sustainably, so that both economic and ecological profits are accrued (sustainable development) or ensure that any development project does not result in excessive deterioration of and/or the irreversible adverse effect on any component of the environment – a recite for sustainable development. A literature review was done by using a variety of search engines including Research Gate, Google Scholar, Academia, Mendeley, SSRN search strategy to retrieve research publications, “grey literature” and expert working group reports. The thrust of this study is to evaluate the potential benefits of ESHIA as a tool for sustainable environmental development. The evaluation and implementation of EIA are one of the strengths of these tools. Indeed, EIA is the first and foremost management tool employed to help mitigate adverse, potential, and associated impacts of proposed major developments in our environment. EIA is a regulatory requirement that is efficiently used to improve performance, project design, enhancing decision-making, and facilitating policy programs in a sustainable environment. An evaluation of the EIA systems reveals several weaknesses of the EIA system. These include the inadequate capacity of EIA approval authorities, deficiencies in screening and scoping, poor EIA quality, insufficient public participation, and weak monitoring and erratic government policies. Overall, most EIA study rarely meets the objectives of being a project planning tool to contribute to achieving sustainable development and mitigate the impact of the development project. The study recommends some directions for the future to ensure that entire content of the EIA are religiously implemented, review the existing EIA act, increase the expertise of EIA consultants, create a liaison office with an international organisation and with sister agency, ESHIA must enjoy Improved budgetary provision, time latitude, spatial contexts and methodological improvements for outcome measures to achieve results that are relevant to sustainable development by improving project design, enhancing decision making and facilitating policy programs.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116947214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valentine Joseph Owan, Victor Chijioke Ndibe, Chidera Catherine Anyanwu
Economic diversification has been the glamour of successive administrations in Nigeria, especially amidst the dwindling oil-revenue in recent years, which has resulted from the fluctuations in world crude oil prices. This study aims at investigating the impact of diversifying the economy on the economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data on GDP growth rate as a proxy for economic growth, non-oil GDP as a proxy for GDP diversification, non-oil export as a proxy for export diversification, investment and exchange rate, between 1981 and 2016, were adopted in the study. An econometric approach of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) was adopted to empirically analyze the collected data and the result revealed that non-oil gross domestic product impacted positively and significantly on economic growth while exchange rate had an inverse but significant nexus on economic growth in Nigeria, within the period covered in the study. However, non-oil export and investment impacted positively but insignificantly on economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommends the encouragement of increased productivity in the real sector as well as the adoption of stable and favourable exchange rate policies by the government in order to accelerate economic growth in Nigeria.
{"title":"Diversification and Economic Growth in Nigeria (1981–2016): An Econometric Approach Based on Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)","authors":"Valentine Joseph Owan, Victor Chijioke Ndibe, Chidera Catherine Anyanwu","doi":"10.29333/ejosdr/8285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/8285","url":null,"abstract":"Economic diversification has been the glamour of successive administrations in Nigeria, especially amidst the dwindling oil-revenue in recent years, which has resulted from the fluctuations in world crude oil prices. This study aims at investigating the impact of diversifying the economy on the economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data on GDP growth rate as a proxy for economic growth, non-oil GDP as a proxy for GDP diversification, non-oil export as a proxy for export diversification, investment and exchange rate, between 1981 and 2016, were adopted in the study. An econometric approach of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) was adopted to empirically analyze the collected data and the result revealed that non-oil gross domestic product impacted positively and significantly on economic growth while exchange rate had an inverse but significant nexus on economic growth in Nigeria, within the period covered in the study. However, non-oil export and investment impacted positively but insignificantly on economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommends the encouragement of increased productivity in the real sector as well as the adoption of stable and favourable exchange rate policies by the government in order to accelerate economic growth in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"336 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122540947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhang and Fang (2019) criticize our finding (Franzen and Mader, 2018) that there is (on average) no carbon leakage from developed to developing countries. In the paper we show that countries’ GDP per capita is statistically not related to the ratio of consumptionbased (CBA) to production-based (PBA) accounting of CO2 emissions. Hence, the ratio of the two accounting schemes does not differ between richer and poorer countries or, put differently, does not depend on a country’s GDP per capita. Zhang and Fang (2019) have two concerns with our paper: First, they believe that we should have used the Global Carbon Atlas (GCA) for both CBA and PBA and should not have mixed the data with the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR); we used the EDGAR to obtain countries’ PBA and the GCA to obtain their CBA. Second, the authors argue that we should not have used the ratio of CBA to PBA but the difference of CBA – PBA for our analyses. In what follows, we respond to both concerns.
{"title":"Reply to the Comment by Zhang and Fang (2019) on Consumption-Based versus Production-Based Accounting of CO2 Emissions","authors":"Axel Franzen, S. Mader","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3496792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3496792","url":null,"abstract":"Zhang and Fang (2019) criticize our finding (Franzen and Mader, 2018) that there is (on average) no carbon leakage from developed to developing countries. In the paper we show that countries’ GDP per capita is statistically not related to the ratio of consumptionbased (CBA) to production-based (PBA) accounting of CO2 emissions. Hence, the ratio of the two accounting schemes does not differ between richer and poorer countries or, put differently, does not depend on a country’s GDP per capita. Zhang and Fang (2019) have two concerns with our paper: First, they believe that we should have used the Global Carbon Atlas (GCA) for both CBA and PBA and should not have mixed the data with the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR); we used the EDGAR to obtain countries’ PBA and the GCA to obtain their CBA. Second, the authors argue that we should not have used the ratio of CBA to PBA but the difference of CBA – PBA for our analyses. In what follows, we respond to both concerns.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123608166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The costs and benefits of environmental policy depend crucially on the assumed microelasticities between market and non-market goods. In their absence, general equilibrium models have assumed environmental amenities are perfect substitutes with market goods, such as consumption and leisure, producing qualitatively dierent welfare assessments of environmental policy under even a narrow range of micro-elasticities. I estimate these elasticities using over 40 million observations from Census micro-data, together with weather and air quality measures at the county-level, between 2000-2014, finding that the elasticities between air quality and consumption, housing, and leisure are 7.14, .54, and .2, respectively. These estimates are identified from county-industry-specific deviations in air quality from the county averages after conditioning on shocks common to all counties within a state. Under simulated counterfactual distributions for 2010, these elasticities imply that the Clean Air Act Amendments had very large negative eects.
{"title":"The (Non)Separability of Air Quality: Evidence from Millions of Households Across the United States","authors":"C. Makridis","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3480867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3480867","url":null,"abstract":"The costs and benefits of environmental policy depend crucially on the assumed microelasticities between market and non-market goods. In their absence, general equilibrium models have assumed environmental amenities are perfect substitutes with market goods, such as consumption and leisure, producing qualitatively dierent welfare assessments of environmental policy under even a narrow range of micro-elasticities. I estimate these elasticities using over 40 million observations from Census micro-data, together with weather and air quality measures at the county-level, between 2000-2014, finding that the elasticities between air quality and consumption, housing, and leisure are 7.14, .54, and .2, respectively. These estimates are identified from county-industry-specific deviations in air quality from the county averages after conditioning on shocks common to all counties within a state. Under simulated counterfactual distributions for 2010, these elasticities imply that the Clean Air Act Amendments had very large negative eects.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127898112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study is a detailed synthesis of sustainable practices within the financial systems and how corporate disclosure is fundamental with regard to sustainable financial growth. This report illustrates the value added to specific firms and industries through sustainable approaches as well as the occurrence of more optimal decisions by managers through sustainable policy integration with the financial decisions. The report provides an outlook on the risks associated with the sustainability initiative and how such risks can be managed for seamless integration of sustainability aspects within the financial systems. The research also covers a case study of Western and Islamic financial systems and finally concludes on the relevance of the non-financial and macroeconomic factors in more accurate prediction of financial distress in firms.
{"title":"Corporate Sustainability Reporting and Corporate Financial Growth","authors":"A. Al Nuaimi, Haitham Nobanee","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3472418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3472418","url":null,"abstract":"This study is a detailed synthesis of sustainable practices within the financial systems and how corporate disclosure is fundamental with regard to sustainable financial growth. This report illustrates the value added to specific firms and industries through sustainable approaches as well as the occurrence of more optimal decisions by managers through sustainable policy integration with the financial decisions. The report provides an outlook on the risks associated with the sustainability initiative and how such risks can be managed for seamless integration of sustainability aspects within the financial systems. The research also covers a case study of Western and Islamic financial systems and finally concludes on the relevance of the non-financial and macroeconomic factors in more accurate prediction of financial distress in firms.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116922731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It appears intuitive that technological advances and economic growth are closely related. This is evident by the fact that technologically advanced nations also have a developed economy. Technological advances of a country are based on the research done in various areas by the respective nation. The quantum of research done by a country can be discerned by the Research papers published by the citizens of that nation. Research conducted by any country is also influenced by the education levels attained by that nation’s society. Thus economic growth, quantum of research conducted and educational levels of the citizenry appear to be closely interlinked.
This paper attempts to measure the actual inter-relations between the educational levels, quantum of research conducted and economic growth of nations with statistical methods using data from large demographic functionalities for observations. Using these observations, an attempt will be made to define and measure “Socio-economic Momentum”. Socio-Economic Momentum as we will examine, might also be a reliable indicator of a nation's robustness of its welfare state model. In this endeavour, Research Documents Per Capita (RDPC) will be used as a metric to test the reliability of the underlying inter-relations.
{"title":"Socio-Economic Momentum: A New Indicator Derived Using Research Documents Per Capita (RDPC) for Five Most Populous Nations","authors":"Kartik Hegadekatti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3337069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3337069","url":null,"abstract":"It appears intuitive that technological advances and economic growth are closely related. This is evident by the fact that technologically advanced nations also have a developed economy. Technological advances of a country are based on the research done in various areas by the respective nation. The quantum of research done by a country can be discerned by the Research papers published by the citizens of that nation. Research conducted by any country is also influenced by the education levels attained by that nation’s society. Thus economic growth, quantum of research conducted and educational levels of the citizenry appear to be closely interlinked. <br><br>This paper attempts to measure the actual inter-relations between the educational levels, quantum of research conducted and economic growth of nations with statistical methods using data from large demographic functionalities for observations. Using these observations, an attempt will be made to define and measure “Socio-economic Momentum”. Socio-Economic Momentum as we will examine, might also be a reliable indicator of a nation's robustness of its welfare state model. In this endeavour, Research Documents Per Capita (RDPC) will be used as a metric to test the reliability of the underlying inter-relations.","PeriodicalId":254923,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Growth (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127493992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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