Pub Date : 2022-10-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.10.02
Fahamin ., Ratul Ali, Ismot Ara Lipi
This is an android application software that alerts users with an automatic alarming system for medication and dosages. Most of the time patients cannot remember the exact time when they need to take the medicine. This app will alert patients about the time of medication, description of medicine, before-after meals, and so on. The alarm can be set with different types of pictures with the name of the medicines to overcome any kind of difficulty in reading. To develop this project, an incremental development strategy is followed to support customer requirements. Android Studio IDE, Java, and XML tools will be used for the implementation of the project. The system focuses on easy navigation and a good user interface. Many systems have been developed where new hardware and data storage is required but, in our work, we have made an attempt to develop a system that is economical, time-saving, and supports medication adherence.
这是一款android应用软件，通过自动报警系统提醒用户药物和剂量。大多数情况下，病人不记得他们需要服药的确切时间。该应用程序将提醒患者服药时间、药物说明、餐前餐后等。闹钟可以设置不同类型的图片和药物名称，以克服任何阅读困难。为了开发此项目，遵循增量开发策略来支持客户需求。将使用Android Studio IDE、Java和XML工具来实现该项目。该系统的重点是易于导航和良好的用户界面。已经开发了许多需要新硬件和数据存储的系统，但在我们的工作中，我们尝试开发一种经济，节省时间并支持药物依从性的系统。
{"title":"Medication Alert - an Android Application","authors":"Fahamin ., Ratul Ali, Ismot Ara Lipi","doi":"10.14299/ijser.2022.10.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2022.10.02","url":null,"abstract":"This is an android application software that alerts users with an automatic alarming system for medication and dosages. Most of the time patients cannot remember the exact time when they need to take the medicine. This app will alert patients about the time of medication, description of medicine, before-after meals, and so on. The alarm can be set with different types of pictures with the name of the medicines to overcome any kind of difficulty in reading. To develop this project, an incremental development strategy is followed to support customer requirements. Android Studio IDE, Java, and XML tools will be used for the implementation of the project. The system focuses on easy navigation and a good user interface. Many systems have been developed where new hardware and data storage is required but, in our work, we have made an attempt to develop a system that is economical, time-saving, and supports medication adherence.","PeriodicalId":256189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121160731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.10.03
Mahnoor Farhat
The 2 MV 6SDH-2 tandem pelletron accelerator installed at CASP, GC University Lahore has evolved over the past years from acceptance tests to an extremely reliable and convenient research tool in the field of particle accelerator physics, hav-ing capability of providing variety of ion beams from few keV to several MeV in energy. Many electrostatic and magnetic devices are employed to steer an ion beam in an accelerator system all the way from ion source to experimental setup. Mathematical modeling and optimization of low energy beamline has been done for this accelerator. Several ion optics and steering devices are provided in the pre-acceleration beamline for ion beam manipulation and in order to optimize the overall beam transmission. As the quality of the beam from the accelerator depends upon the design of these electrostatic and magnetic devices, optimum settings are derived by manually adjusting voltages and currents provided to low energy beam-line components. From these calibrations and optimization measurements, calculations has been done for mass analysis magnets, steering and focusing components and the results has been represented. From the results, it has been found that there exists a complex relationship between the effects of different voltages and currents in order to tune the desired output current and beam profile at the end-stations. Details of experiments and data analysis are presented.
{"title":"Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Low Energy Beam Line in 2MV Pelletron Accelerator","authors":"Mahnoor Farhat","doi":"10.14299/ijser.2022.10.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2022.10.03","url":null,"abstract":"The 2 MV 6SDH-2 tandem pelletron accelerator installed at CASP, GC University Lahore has evolved over the past years from acceptance tests to an extremely reliable and convenient research tool in the field of particle accelerator physics, hav-ing capability of providing variety of ion beams from few keV to several MeV in energy. Many electrostatic and magnetic devices are employed to steer an ion beam in an accelerator system all the way from ion source to experimental setup. Mathematical modeling and optimization of low energy beamline has been done for this accelerator. Several ion optics and steering devices are provided in the pre-acceleration beamline for ion beam manipulation and in order to optimize the overall beam transmission. As the quality of the beam from the accelerator depends upon the design of these electrostatic and magnetic devices, optimum settings are derived by manually adjusting voltages and currents provided to low energy beam-line components. From these calibrations and optimization measurements, calculations has been done for mass analysis magnets, steering and focusing components and the results has been represented. From the results, it has been found that there exists a complex relationship between the effects of different voltages and currents in order to tune the desired output current and beam profile at the end-stations. Details of experiments and data analysis are presented.","PeriodicalId":256189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123443477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.10.05
P. Devaraj, R. Sudarshan, Dr. Ravish B, C. Kumar, Bharathi S
The government of India (GOI) with the motto of supplying piped water to each household has taken up the activity in the Jal Jeevan Mission scheme of RDWS dept under the ministry of Jal Shakti. The module is to supply water from the nearest source to the village /urban hold via an Overhead Tank (OHT). The consumption of each household will be metered, and the charges will be collected from each household (which is nominal). Here an attempt is made to overcome the problem associated with such distribution and how technology can help to overcome the problems is being put forth.
{"title":"Smart Water Management System for Jal Jeevan Mission","authors":"P. Devaraj, R. Sudarshan, Dr. Ravish B, C. Kumar, Bharathi S","doi":"10.14299/ijser.2022.10.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2022.10.05","url":null,"abstract":"The government of India (GOI) with the motto of supplying piped water to each household has taken up the activity in the Jal Jeevan Mission scheme of RDWS dept under the ministry of Jal Shakti. The module is to supply water from the nearest source to the village /urban hold via an Overhead Tank (OHT). The consumption of each household will be metered, and the charges will be collected from each household (which is nominal). Here an attempt is made to overcome the problem associated with such distribution and how technology can help to overcome the problems is being put forth.","PeriodicalId":256189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124809256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.09.01
Ikoro D.O., Okeke O.C., Abubarkar M.T., O. T., E. A.
This study focuses on the understanding of the role of clay minerals in hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation. Clay minerals are involved in the formation of kerogen, catalytic cracking of kerogen into petroleum, migration of crude oil, and the continued change to hydrocarbon composition in petroleum reservoirs. In kerogen formation, clay minerals act as catalysts and sorbents to immobilize organic matter through ligand exchange, hydrophobic interactions and cation bridges by the mechanisms of Maillard reactions, polyphenol theory, selective preservation and adsorptive protection. Clay minerals also serve as catalysts in acid-catalyzed cracking of kerogen into petroleum hydrocarbon through Lewis and Bronsted acid sites on the clay surfaces. The amount and type of clay mineral affect the composition of the petroleum. Bronsted acidity of clay minerals is affected by the presence and state of interlayer water, and displacement of this water is a probable driver in crude oil migration from source rocks. During crude oil migration and accumulation in reservoirs, the composition of petroleum is continually modified by interaction with clay minerals. Clay minerals remain the most difficult of all earth materials to study and characterize. Their sheet structure results in features that can only be resolved at the sub-micron scale. They are also subtly variable in chemical composition (Fe, Mg, K, Al, et cetera) and can be confused with each other and other silicates. The recent innovative analytical tools and modern analysis techniques, example., micro- and nano-X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT), QEMSCAN (Automated Mineralogy and Petrography), FIB/SEM (Focused Ion Beam/Scanning Electron Microscope), EDS (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), etc., have the capability of quantitative and qualitative characterizing nano-pore features and mineralogy of fine grained shale rocks, which create new era of studying clay minerals for facilitating unconventional (shale) reservoir exploration. Even though there have been reports about the application of clay minerals in the oil and gas exploration, surprisingly little work has been documented. Keyword: clay mineral, organic matter, generation, vitrinite, kerogen, montmorillonite.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF CLAY MINERALS IN HYDROCARBON GENERATION, MIGRATION AND ACCUMULATION","authors":"Ikoro D.O., Okeke O.C., Abubarkar M.T., O. T., E. A.","doi":"10.14299/ijser.2022.09.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2022.09.01","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the understanding of the role of clay minerals in hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation. Clay minerals are involved in the formation of kerogen, catalytic cracking of kerogen into petroleum, migration of crude oil, and the continued change to hydrocarbon composition in petroleum reservoirs. In kerogen formation, clay minerals act as catalysts and sorbents to immobilize organic matter through ligand exchange, hydrophobic interactions and cation bridges by the mechanisms of Maillard reactions, polyphenol theory, selective preservation and adsorptive protection. Clay minerals also serve as catalysts in acid-catalyzed cracking of kerogen into petroleum hydrocarbon through Lewis and Bronsted acid sites on the clay surfaces. The amount and type of clay mineral affect the composition of the petroleum. Bronsted acidity of clay minerals is affected by the presence and state of interlayer water, and displacement of this water is a probable driver in crude oil migration from source rocks. During crude oil migration and accumulation in reservoirs, the composition of petroleum is continually modified by interaction with clay minerals. Clay minerals remain the most difficult of all earth materials to study and characterize. Their sheet structure results in features that can only be resolved at the sub-micron scale. They are also subtly variable in chemical composition (Fe, Mg, K, Al, et cetera) and can be confused with each other and other silicates. The recent innovative analytical tools and modern analysis techniques, example., micro- and nano-X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT), QEMSCAN (Automated Mineralogy and Petrography), FIB/SEM (Focused Ion Beam/Scanning Electron Microscope), EDS (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), etc., have the capability of quantitative and qualitative characterizing nano-pore features and mineralogy of fine grained shale rocks, which create new era of studying clay minerals for facilitating unconventional (shale) reservoir exploration. Even though there have been reports about the application of clay minerals in the oil and gas exploration, surprisingly little work has been documented. Keyword: clay mineral, organic matter, generation, vitrinite, kerogen, montmorillonite.","PeriodicalId":256189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129334944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.08.07
Md. Abdul Halim, M. Z. Hossain, Md. Shoriful Islam, Erona Khatun
Energy harvesting is a process of generating energy from various ambient sources. Vibration energy harvesting has been a dynamic field of studying interest over the past decade due to the mitigation of power crisis from society. To harvest electrical energy various energy harvesting techniques have arisen. Vibration energy harvesting has been focused by researchers due to the power generation capability and high power density of vibration. Energy is crucial for stimulating sensor nodes, Sensor networks, low-power electronics and traffic regulators. As a matter of fact, the number of research on energy harvesting from vibration has increased in the last decade. This paper presents a magnificent review on various energy harvesting techniques, energy harvesting sources, state-of-the art and various challenges of vibration energy harvesting. In the theory section various renewable energy sources, energy conversion and their introduction have been presented. In the third section various energy harvesting techniques for example mechanical vibrations, electromagnetic, piezoelectric and electrostatic have been discussed. Third section has explained various challenges of energy harvesting. In the conclusion, the author tried to explain the comparison among the harvesting techniques. Finally it can be said that, all of the things such as ambient renewable sources, energy harvesting techniques and facing challenges are crucial for new coming researchers in the energy harvesting field to solve the energy exigency from the society.
{"title":"A Review on Techniques and Challenges of Energy Harvesting from Ambient Sources","authors":"Md. Abdul Halim, M. Z. Hossain, Md. Shoriful Islam, Erona Khatun","doi":"10.14299/ijser.2022.08.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2022.08.07","url":null,"abstract":"Energy harvesting is a process of generating energy from various ambient sources. Vibration energy harvesting has been a dynamic field of studying interest over the past decade due to the mitigation of power crisis from society. To harvest electrical energy various energy harvesting techniques have arisen. Vibration energy harvesting has been focused by researchers due to the power generation capability and high power density of vibration. Energy is crucial for stimulating sensor nodes, Sensor networks, low-power electronics and traffic regulators. As a matter of fact, the number of research on energy harvesting from vibration has increased in the last decade. This paper presents a magnificent review on various energy harvesting techniques, energy harvesting sources, state-of-the art and various challenges of vibration energy harvesting. In the theory section various renewable energy sources, energy conversion and their introduction have been presented. In the third section various energy harvesting techniques for example mechanical vibrations, electromagnetic, piezoelectric and electrostatic have been discussed. Third section has explained various challenges of energy harvesting. In the conclusion, the author tried to explain the comparison among the harvesting techniques. Finally it can be said that, all of the things such as ambient renewable sources, energy harvesting techniques and facing challenges are crucial for new coming researchers in the energy harvesting field to solve the energy exigency from the society.","PeriodicalId":256189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123578449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.08.02
Dr. Vijay Pratap Raghuvanshi, Dr. Shivanjali Raghuvanshi
Biomedical waste if not handled properly can pollute the environment and can spread many harmful diseases. Health care workers in our country are still not fully aware about proper BMW handling and disposal, despite increasing global awareness on it. The objective of the study was to understand the level of awareness regarding BMW handling and disposal among health care professionals in our institution. This was a cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 different hospitals (Bed capacity >100) in metro cities. The study was conducted in 3 months. A total of 600 hospital staff from different hospitals responded as participants and further data analyzed. were consented to fill a structured valid questionnaire on Biomedical waste management in hospitals. These respondents were asked to be filled either questionnaire on Microsoft form from their computer or on hardcopy. The structures valid questionnaire was prepared on Microsoft office forms and 100% response rate was received from the staff working in different areas including wards, ICU, laboratory and OPD of the hospital. Those who were willing to submitted hard copies, 30 minutes time was given to each participant to finish the questionnaire and finally submit the form, the results were entered into Microsoft office form and analyzed. The questionnaire was developed based on an extensive literature which can include knowledge, attitude and practice with regards to biomedical waste management adequately. The questionnaire was given after designed and a pretested questionnaire and checklist was conducted on 10 staff. All questions were closed ended questions. The questionnaire was divided into 4 sessions i.e. Session -1 for personnel data, Session -2 to know knowledge assessment, Session -3 on Attitude assessment and Section -4 on Practice Questionnaire. The data forms were collected and underwent scrutiny for logical inconsistencies, skip patterns, and missing values. Results were expressed in numbers and percentages. Conclusion : Most of the healthcare workers are aware about the biomedical waste management rule and its requirements but required regular training for colour coding and how to segregate and store the waste.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (K.A.P) for Biomedical Waste Management Among Hospital Staff","authors":"Dr. Vijay Pratap Raghuvanshi, Dr. Shivanjali Raghuvanshi","doi":"10.14299/ijser.2022.08.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2022.08.02","url":null,"abstract":"Biomedical waste if not handled properly can pollute the environment and can spread many harmful diseases. Health care workers in our country are still not fully aware about proper BMW handling and disposal, despite increasing global awareness on it. The objective of the study was to understand the level of awareness regarding BMW handling and disposal among health care professionals in our institution. This was a cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 different hospitals (Bed capacity >100) in metro cities. The study was conducted in 3 months. A total of 600 hospital staff from different hospitals responded as participants and further data analyzed. were consented to fill a structured valid questionnaire on Biomedical waste management in hospitals. These respondents were asked to be filled either questionnaire on Microsoft form from their computer or on hardcopy. The structures valid questionnaire was prepared on Microsoft office forms and 100% response rate was received from the staff working in different areas including wards, ICU, laboratory and OPD of the hospital. Those who were willing to submitted hard copies, 30 minutes time was given to each participant to finish the questionnaire and finally submit the form, the results were entered into Microsoft office form and analyzed. The questionnaire was developed based on an extensive literature which can include knowledge, attitude and practice with regards to biomedical waste management adequately. The questionnaire was given after designed and a pretested questionnaire and checklist was conducted on 10 staff. All questions were closed ended questions. The questionnaire was divided into 4 sessions i.e. Session -1 for personnel data, Session -2 to know knowledge assessment, Session -3 on Attitude assessment and Section -4 on Practice Questionnaire. The data forms were collected and underwent scrutiny for logical inconsistencies, skip patterns, and missing values. Results were expressed in numbers and percentages. Conclusion : Most of the healthcare workers are aware about the biomedical waste management rule and its requirements but required regular training for colour coding and how to segregate and store the waste.","PeriodicalId":256189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117128714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.08.03
Ibrahim Alhaji Bello, Dr. Ibrahim Suleiman, Abdulazeez Muhammad Bello, Shahidu Ibrahim, Esther Haruna Karatu
The incidence of kidnapping peoples in Nigeria has taken an alarming dimension for reasons not well addressed by successive governments in Nigeria. This unlawful act has increase despite the various legislations prohibiting kidnapping both the international level and at the three tiers levels of government. The law against kidnapping has been passed almost a decade since 2013 by the federal government of Nigeria with some states in the country domesticating law from 2017-2021. The purpose of this paper is to design a software program that uses a smartwatch and is dubbed as blower. It can help the users (victim) to alert the security personnel’s or relatives for help. When the report button on the smartwatch is clicked, the geolocation and the SMS application interface(API) are triggered, and SMS will generate with details of the current coordinates of the device location and sent to a predefined number. This message is sent continuously whenever the location changes. Is an innovative software suite (Web, Mobile, API, and Database) that can be used to help the victim, in curbing kidnapping issues in our society.
{"title":"A SHORT MESSAGING SYSTEM (SMS) ALERT FOR IDENTIFYING VICTIM LOCATION USING SMARTWATCH TECHNOLOGY","authors":"Ibrahim Alhaji Bello, Dr. Ibrahim Suleiman, Abdulazeez Muhammad Bello, Shahidu Ibrahim, Esther Haruna Karatu","doi":"10.14299/ijser.2022.08.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2022.08.03","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of kidnapping peoples in Nigeria has taken an alarming dimension for reasons not well addressed by successive governments in Nigeria. This unlawful act has increase despite the various legislations prohibiting kidnapping both the international level and at the three tiers levels of government. The law against kidnapping has been passed almost a decade since 2013 by the federal government of Nigeria with some states in the country domesticating law from 2017-2021. The purpose of this paper is to design a software program that uses a smartwatch and is dubbed as blower. It can help the users (victim) to alert the security personnel’s or relatives for help. When the report button on the smartwatch is clicked, the geolocation and the SMS application interface(API) are triggered, and SMS will generate with details of the current coordinates of the device location and sent to a predefined number. This message is sent continuously whenever the location changes. Is an innovative software suite (Web, Mobile, API, and Database) that can be used to help the victim, in curbing kidnapping issues in our society.","PeriodicalId":256189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116862209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.08.08
Mr.Abdirashid Adam Isak
Drought is generally an extended period of months or years in which precipitation is less than the annual average and results in severe water scarcity. For the Horn of Africa region, drought occurrence has become increasingly severe during the last decade, with rainfall totals of at least 50–75 % below normal encountered in most areas, amounts that are not sufficient to support crop and pasture growth for livelihood security (Nicholson 2014). The main objective of this study was to evaluate and measure the impacts of the drought on stock market, milk, fodder, and meat productivity, along with the major effects on the pastoralist’s daily life. Methodology adopted in this research was quantitative approach include questionnaire and data analysis procedure, this study was employ through explanatory research design. The purpose affecting the variables involves in this study and helped to achieve all the objectives of research. The study was conducted from the livestock sales and pastoralists, afgoye district livestock market. The researcher had selected 80 respondent(s) randomly from the population. The data analyzed was performed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16. Result, The study clarified the reason related to poverty caused by drought in various households 46.3%. As well as The study indicated that responders 56.3% was agreed to provided feed supplements for livestock during drought while 3.8% of responders not agreed. Also The study proven that the (55%) of responders said the Shortage of rainfall experienced towards the end of 2016 and early 2017 resulted in degradation of grazing veld, while (1.3%) of responders said not resulted in degradation of grazing veld. Conclusion, The survey results and field observations indicated that the afgoye livestock market was seriously affected by drought particularly in dry seasons. According to responder`s understand towards the period of drought time, the study indicated the majority of people lose their jobs, particularly in the livestock sector. Recommendation, the study recommended to all shepherds to establish an alternative project to store water and fodder to benefit from it during the long drought. , also the study recommended the government, NGO`s in dealing with disaster management in Somalia are currently focused on either emergency health preparedness or post emergency relief. There is need for them to shift their mindsets from reaction and charity to anticipation and preemption.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF DROUGHT ON LIVESTOCK IN AFGOI, LOWER SHABELLE - SOMALIA","authors":"Mr.Abdirashid Adam Isak","doi":"10.14299/ijser.2022.08.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2022.08.08","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is generally an extended period of months or years in which precipitation is less than the annual average and results in severe water scarcity. For the Horn of Africa region, drought occurrence has become increasingly severe during the last decade, with rainfall totals of at least 50–75 % below normal encountered in most areas, amounts that are not sufficient to support crop and pasture growth for livelihood security (Nicholson 2014). The main objective of this study was to evaluate and measure the impacts of the drought on stock market, milk, fodder, and meat productivity, along with the major effects on the pastoralist’s daily life. Methodology adopted in this research was quantitative approach include questionnaire and data analysis procedure, this study was employ through explanatory research design. The purpose affecting the variables involves in this study and helped to achieve all the objectives of research. The study was conducted from the livestock sales and pastoralists, afgoye district livestock market. The researcher had selected 80 respondent(s) randomly from the population. The data analyzed was performed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16. Result, The study clarified the reason related to poverty caused by drought in various households 46.3%. As well as The study indicated that responders 56.3% was agreed to provided feed supplements for livestock during drought while 3.8% of responders not agreed. Also The study proven that the (55%) of responders said the Shortage of rainfall experienced towards the end of 2016 and early 2017 resulted in degradation of grazing veld, while (1.3%) of responders said not resulted in degradation of grazing veld. Conclusion, The survey results and field observations indicated that the afgoye livestock market was seriously affected by drought particularly in dry seasons. According to responder`s understand towards the period of drought time, the study indicated the majority of people lose their jobs, particularly in the livestock sector. Recommendation, the study recommended to all shepherds to establish an alternative project to store water and fodder to benefit from it during the long drought. , also the study recommended the government, NGO`s in dealing with disaster management in Somalia are currently focused on either emergency health preparedness or post emergency relief. There is need for them to shift their mindsets from reaction and charity to anticipation and preemption.","PeriodicalId":256189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126392579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.08.05
Shagufta Bi, R. Srivastava
The palladium nanoparticles are synthesized from plants, microbes, enzymes, and biochemicals, the consideration of different scientists because of their simple, cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly fabrication. They are broadly investigated for their physicochemical properties. Plants are including in the method that turns ions to nanoparticles because plants and their parts have different types of primary and secondary metabolites. Different types of factors like the concentration of plant extract, temperature, pH, incubation time, and metal salts increase the rate of size, shape, and stability of palladium nanoparticles. Palladium nanoparticles are extensively employ in medicine, drug carrier delivery, cancer treatment, and sensors, and received wide interest as a result of their different size-dependent catalytic concert. Usually, palladium nanoparticles are synthesized by different types of methods involving complicated equipment and hazardous chemicals, in physical and chemical procedures. The current fabrications of palladium nanoparticles employs different plants, and their effective consumption, and latent application like pharmaceuticals, catalysts, medicine, medical diagnostics, and biosensors.
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Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.14299/ijser.2022.08.04
Ahmad Wadeer
This article analyzes the uncertain situation of Afghan migrants living in Turkey by using secondary data analysis. This article starts by investigating the Turkish government's migration policy over time, which will help in understanding the illegal status of Afghan migrants in Turkey. It is followed by a historical overview of Afghan migration, this section will demonstrate the history of Afghan migration from the 1970s to the present time. The article then focuses on Afghan migration flow to Turkey and beyond, this section explores the role of Turkey as a transit country and the migration patterns of Afghan migrants. Finally, the uncertain situation of Afghan migrants in Turkey is explored, this section will demonstrate why Afghan migrants are stuck in the limbo.
{"title":"Stuck in the limbo; The case of Afghan migrants in Turkey","authors":"Ahmad Wadeer","doi":"10.14299/ijser.2022.08.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2022.08.04","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the uncertain situation of Afghan migrants living in Turkey by using secondary data analysis. This article starts by investigating the Turkish government's migration policy over time, which will help in understanding the illegal status of Afghan migrants in Turkey. It is followed by a historical overview of Afghan migration, this section will demonstrate the history of Afghan migration from the 1970s to the present time. The article then focuses on Afghan migration flow to Turkey and beyond, this section explores the role of Turkey as a transit country and the migration patterns of Afghan migrants. Finally, the uncertain situation of Afghan migrants in Turkey is explored, this section will demonstrate why Afghan migrants are stuck in the limbo.","PeriodicalId":256189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123344973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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