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Guidelines for the Integration of Large Language Models in Developing and Refining Interview Protocols 在制定和完善访谈方案时整合大型语言模型的指导原则
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6801
Jessica Parker, Veronica Richard, Kimberly Becker
Rapid advancements in generative artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models (LLMs), offer unprecedented opportunities and challenges for qualitative researchers. This paper presents comprehensive guidelines for the ethical and effective use of LLMs in the development and refinement of interview protocols. Through a multidisciplinary lens, this paper explores potential pitfalls, ethical considerations, and best practices to ensure the responsible integration of LLMs in the research process. The guidelines proposed serve not only as a methodological roadmap for researchers but also as a catalyst for dialogue on the ethical dimensions of LLMs in qualitative research. Furthermore, the authors describe and share a web-based application developed to guide users through the stages of the protocol. Ultimately, the paper calls for a collective, informed approach to harness the capabilities of LLMs while upholding the integrity and ethical standards of scholarly research.
生成式人工智能(AI),特别是大型语言模型(LLMs)的快速发展为定性研究人员提供了前所未有的机遇和挑战。本文介绍了在制定和完善访谈协议时如何合乎道德地、有效地使用 LLM 的全面指导原则。通过多学科视角,本文探讨了潜在的隐患、伦理考虑因素和最佳实践,以确保在研究过程中负责任地使用 LLMs。所提出的指导原则不仅是研究人员的方法路线图,也是定性研究中法律硕士伦理问题对话的催化剂。此外,作者还介绍并分享了一个网络应用程序,该程序旨在指导用户完成协议的各个阶段。最后,本文呼吁采用一种集体的、知情的方法来利用法律硕士的能力,同时维护学术研究的完整性和伦理标准。
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引用次数: 0
College Student Mental Health in the COVID-19 Era: Results of an Expressive Writing Prompt COVID-19 时代的大学生心理健康:表达性写作提示的结果
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6467
Carissa A Daniello-Heyda, Kevin Hynes, Rachel R. Tambling
The novel SARS-CoV-2, or coronavirus, has greatly altered the landscape of college life for students across the United States. The ever-present health concerns and quarantine have been linked to increased anxiety, depression, stress, and post-traumatic stress disorder. To this end, we examined the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial health of college students. We explored the impact of COVID-19 on levels of stress and distress in college students using a qualitative expressive writing methodology. Results of this study suggested that the college students included in the sample were moderately distressed – their scores on inventories of depression, anxiety, and COVID-19-related stressors suggested moderate distress.
新型 SARS-CoV-2(即冠状病毒)极大地改变了全美学生的大学生活。无处不在的健康问题和隔离与焦虑、抑郁、压力和创伤后应激障碍的增加有关。为此,我们研究了 COVID-19 大流行对大学生社会心理健康的影响。我们采用定性表达式写作方法,探讨了 COVID-19 对大学生压力和痛苦水平的影响。研究结果表明,样本中的大学生存在中度困扰--他们在抑郁、焦虑和 COVID-19 相关压力源清单上的得分表明他们存在中度困扰。
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引用次数: 0
Experiencing Transformative Learning during Participatory Needs Assessment of a Public School: Journeys and Arrivals to Relational Ontology(ies) 在公立学校参与式需求评估过程中体验转型学习:通往关系本体的旅程与抵达
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.5756
Shree Krishna Wagle, Parbati Dhungana, Bal Chandra Luitel, E. Krogh, Niroj Dahal
This paper discusses experiences from school-based needs assessment within a Participatory Action Research (PAR) project aimed at facilitating quality education in public schools of rural Nepal. Being often a first stage in the process of research-action, Participatory Needs Assessment (PNA) offers space for community members’ perceptions and attitudes toward their collective needs. In this light, this paper takes evidence from the first and the second authors’ Ph.D. experiences, under the supervision of the third and the fourth authors to initiate PNA of a school. Also, incorporating the reflections from the fifth author as a critical friend, it observes the political, epistemological, ethical, and methodological challenges of doing such assessments; the challenges of involving all the stakeholders in identifying problems, and the transformative possibilities the approach inherently brings within it. On the whole, the paper reflects how, despite manifold conflicting interests of the multi-group stakeholders, relational ontology(ies) emerged in the cyclical and spiral process.
本文讨论了在参与式行动研究(PAR)项目中开展校本需求评估的经验,该项目旨在促进尼泊尔农村地区公立学校的优质教育。参与式需求评估(PNA)通常是研究-行动过程的第一阶段,它为社区成员对其集体需求的看法和态度提供了空间。有鉴于此,本文从第一位和第二位作者的博士论文经验中提取证据,在第三位和第四位作者的指导下,启动了一所学校的参与式需求评估。同时,结合第五位作者作为批评之友的思考,本文观察了开展此类评估所面临的政治、认识论、伦理和方法论挑战;让所有利益相关者参与发现问题所面临的挑战,以及该方法本身所带来的变革可能性。总体而言,本文反映了尽管多方利益相关者存在多方面的利益冲突,但在循环和螺旋式上升的过程中,关系本体是如何出现的。
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引用次数: 0
Appearance Teasing and Identity Formation Amongst Young Adults: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis 青少年的外貌戏弄与身份形成:解释性现象学分析
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6234
Sneha Yadav, Shagun Shagun, Koko Veerning Moyon, Divya Bhanot
Appearance teasing (AT) is such a widespread phenomenon that to discount its meaning, impact, and severity on the lives of those who are teased would be a mistake. This study aims to explore the lived experiences of Indian youths who have been appearance-teased by their close friends and family, how they perceive it has impacted their senses of self and identity and to understand their coping strategies that help them manage the negative effects of AT. Data was collected via semi structured interviews with six young adults and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Analysis of the transcripts reveals five master themes encompassing forms of exhibition of AT, causes, impact, protective factors, and coping strategies that represented the experiences for this population. Each individual voice captured in this study offers valuable insights into how teasing someone based on their appearance can have tremendous impacts on their psyche and behavior. Findings also point to the unique role played by Indian culture in these experiences of Indian youths. Based on the results, we conclude that there is a substantial need for awareness about AT in India and the impact of its normalization on Indian youth.
外貌取笑(AT)是一种非常普遍的现象,因此,如果不考虑其对被取笑者生活的意义、影响和严重程度,那就大错特错了。本研究旨在探讨曾被亲朋好友以外貌取笑的印度青少年的生活经历,了解他们认为外貌取笑如何影响了他们的自我意识和身份认同,并了解他们采取了哪些应对策略来帮助自己控制外貌取笑的负面影响。研究人员通过对六名年轻人进行半结构式访谈收集数据,并采用解释性现象分析法对数据进行分析。对记录誊本的分析揭示了五大主题,包括情感障碍的表现形式、原因、影响、保护因素和应对策略,代表了这一人群的经历。本研究中捕捉到的每个人的声音都提供了宝贵的见解,让我们了解基于外貌的取笑是如何对一个人的心理和行为产生巨大影响的。研究结果还指出了印度文化在印度青少年的这些经历中所扮演的独特角色。根据研究结果,我们得出结论认为,印度亟需提高对反外貌歧视的认识,并认识到反外貌歧视正常化对印度青少年的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Futuros posibles en adversidad: las experiencias de rebusque de familias en Medellín durante la pandemia COVID-19 逆境中的可能未来:COVID-19 大流行期间麦德林家庭的经历。
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6427
Doris Elena Munoz Zapata, J. J. Zapata Posada, Katherine García Vásquez
Este artículo es resultado de una investigación sobre los significados atribuidos por las familias a las experiencias de satisfacción de necesidades básicas y el rebusque para la supervivencia durante el confinamiento obligatorio, derivado por la pandemia COVID-19. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con diseño fenomenológico, método narrativo, con seis familias en situación de exclusión social y pobreza, mediante la estrategia metodológica de visita domiciliaria, en Medellín, Colombia. Se concluye que, pese a la falta de oportunidades laborales para la satisfacción de las necesidades básicas, de manera paradójica, fue una oportunidad para descansar y compartir en el entorno familiar, dado que la búsqueda del sustento diario centra a las personas en la subsistencia y limita los espacios conjuntos; la sobrevivencia prima frente al descanso y el ocio. Además, se visibiliza el aumento de tensiones psicológicas, entre estas los temores que afectaron la individuación y los cursos de vida, viéndose confrontados los deseos y necesidades, en presente, y proyectos a futuro.
本文是对 COVID-19 大流行病强制禁闭期间家庭满足基本需求和寻求生存的经历所赋予的意义进行调查的结果。在哥伦比亚麦德林,通过家访的方法策略,对六个处于社会排斥和贫困境地的家庭进行了定性研究,采用了现象学设计和叙事方法。研究得出的结论是,尽管缺乏满足基本需求的工作机会,但矛盾的是,这是一个在家庭环境中休息和分享的机会,因为寻求日常生计使人们专注于生存,限制了共同空间;生存优先于休息和休闲。此外,心理紧张的增加也是显而易见的,其中包括影响个体化和人生轨迹的恐惧、面对当下的欲望和需求以及对未来的规划。
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引用次数: 0
Students’ Optimal Engagement in EFL Large Classes: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study in East Nusa Tenggara 学生在 EFL 大班教学中的最佳参与度:东努沙登加拉的定性现象学研究
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6073
Yohanis Nurak Siwa, Y. Basthomi
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in researching students’ engagement in English as foreign language (EFL) classes as students’ language learning achievement is shaped by their engagement in class. Yet, the study of students’ engagement in EFL large classes has received relatively little empirical attention. This qualitative phenomenological study aims at exploring how teachers perceive the factors boosting students’ optimal engagement and what strategies they use to boost students’ optimal engagement in EFL large classes. Ten university teachers with adequate experience of teaching EFL large classes in East Nusa Tenggara-Indonesia participated in this study. Semi structured interviews were used to elicit the teachers’ perceptions and interpretations of students’ optimal engagement. The results revealed five factors affecting students’ optimal engagement in EFL large classes: teaching strategies, individual motivation, student-teacher relationship, students’ English proficiency, and teaching facilities. Additionally, the teachers applied instructional and affective strategies to boost students’ optimal engagement in EFL large classes. Based on the study results, we offered some pedagogical implications for the teachers and their institutions.
近年来,研究学生在英语作为外语(EFL)课堂上的参与度的兴趣与日俱增,因为学生的语言学习成绩是由他们在课堂上的参与度决定的。然而,关于学生在 EFL 大班中的参与度的研究却相对较少受到实证研究的关注。本定性现象学研究旨在探讨教师如何看待促进学生最佳参与度的因素,以及他们在 EFL 大班教学中采用哪些策略来提高学生的最佳参与度。十位在东努沙登加拉-印尼有丰富的 EFL 大班教学经验的大学教师参与了本研究。研究采用半结构式访谈,以了解教师对学生最佳参与度的看法和解释。结果显示,影响学生在 EFL 大班中最佳参与度的五个因素是:教学策略、个人动机、师生关系、学生英语水平和教学设施。此外,教师还运用了教学策略和情感策略来提高学生在 EFL 大班中的最佳参与度。根据研究结果,我们为教师及其所在机构提供了一些教学启示。
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引用次数: 0
Poetic Representations of COVID-19 Narratives: An Exploration of Emotional Experiences During the Pandemic COVID-19 叙事的诗意表达:探索大流行病期间的情感经历
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6308
Isha Harshe, Lindy Davidson
In pivotal moments of history like the COVID-19 pandemic, it is critical to attend to and preserve the stories of different people experiencing the same phenomenon in their own ways. This project analyzed the public’s emotional experiences during the pandemic using methods of narrative and poetic inquiry. After reading 105 entries from the Pandemic Journaling Project, an online platform where people anonymously published journal entries reflecting on their pandemic experiences, narratives were categorized based on ten prominent emotional themes: anger, anxiety, fatigue, fear, loneliness, longing, loss, loss of control, stress, and uncertainty. Found poems were constructed for each emotion using words and phrases from the entries listed under each category, inserting poetic elements of structure, shape, and rhythm. By framing the project around emotion, the feelings aroused by the pandemic are brought forth in an evocative manner for consideration, interrogation, and presentation.
在 COVID-19 大流行这样的历史关键时刻,关注和保存不同人群以各自方式经历同一现象的故事至关重要。本项目采用叙事和诗歌探究的方法分析了公众在大流行病期间的情感经历。在阅读了 "大流行病日志项目"(一个人们匿名发表日志以反映其大流行病经历的在线平台)中的 105 篇文章后,我们根据十个突出的情感主题对叙事进行了分类:愤怒、焦虑、疲劳、恐惧、孤独、渴望、失落、失控、压力和不确定性。针对每种情绪,我们使用每个类别下所列条目中的单词和短语,并插入结构、形状和节奏等诗歌元素,创作出了诗歌作品。通过围绕情感展开项目,大流行病所引发的情感以一种令人回味的方式呈现出来,供人们思考、审视和呈现。
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引用次数: 0
Doctoral Students Balancing the Roles and Relationships of Counselor Education 平衡心理咨询师教育角色与关系的博士生
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6317
Isabel C. Farrell, Casey Barrio Minton, Amanda DeDiego
Aspiring counselor educators in Council for Accreditation of Counseling & Related Educational Programs (CACREP)-accredited programs must learn to be counselors, teachers, supervisors, researchers, and leaders. These roles can overlap, creating multiple complex relationships during their programs. To examine these roles, we conducted a constructivist grounded theory investigation of how counselor education doctoral students (n = 9) balanced multiple roles and relationships and boundary crossings. We utilized chain referral sampling and continued until we reached theoretical saturation. We used semi-structured interviews conducted via videoconferencing (Zoom) for data collection and coded the interviews using two main phases: an initial phase and a focused coding phase. We used member checks by sending participants preliminary findings for feedback. The resulting theory describes two distinct stakeholders in the management of the multiple roles and relationships in counselor education: the students and the program. Students were responsible for balancing roles and responsibilities while considering professional growth, ethics, and boundary setting. The program was responsible for providing a growth-fostering environment and mentorship. Ultimately, the process of navigating multiple roles and relationships (MRRs) involves early discussion of MRRs, intentionality of program placement, assistance with boundaries and ethical decisions, and exposure to remediation and gatekeeping.
在美国心理咨询及相关教育项目认证委员会(CACREP)认证的项目中,有抱负的心理咨询教育工作者必须学会成为心理咨询师、教师、督导员、研究人员和领导者。这些角色可能相互重叠,从而在他们的课程中产生多种复杂的关系。为了研究这些角色,我们对辅导员教育博士生(n = 9)如何平衡多重角色和关系以及边界跨越进行了建构主义基础理论调查。我们采用了连锁推荐抽样法,并一直持续到达到理论饱和为止。我们使用通过视频会议(Zoom)进行的半结构化访谈来收集数据,并通过两个主要阶段对访谈进行编码:初始阶段和重点编码阶段。我们通过向参与者发送初步结果以征求反馈意见的方式进行成员检查。由此产生的理论描述了在辅导员教育中管理多重角色和关系的两个不同的利益相关者:学生和项目。学生负责平衡角色和责任,同时考虑专业成长、职业道德和边界设定。项目则负责提供促进成长的环境和指导。最终,驾驭多重角色和关系(MRRs)的过程包括尽早讨论多重角色和关系、有意识地安排课程、协助确定界限和道德决定,以及接触补救和把关。
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引用次数: 1
De-Fragmenting Social Science? A Review of Farewell to Variables 社会科学去碎片化?告别变量》回顾
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6843
Tom Strong
I review Farewell to Variables, a recent edited volume by cultural psychologists collaborating with Jaan Valsiner. I relate "variable thinking" to challenges faced in conducting qualitative research, and in relating to everyday life.
我回顾了《告别变数》(Farewell to Variables)一书,这是文化心理学家 Jaan Valsiner 最近合作编辑的一本书。我将 "变量思维 "与开展定性研究以及与日常生活相关的挑战联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
The Experience of Faculty Strikers: Factors that Could Impact Higher Education Strikes 教师罢工的经历:可能影响高等教育罢工的因素
Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2023.6103
Giovanna Follo, Diane Huelskamp
Higher education is being challenged as is the unionization of faculty. This combination could create a climate where faculty may need to strike. The purpose of this research is to describe the lived experiences of striking faculty to bring a greater understanding of what faculty may incur. This research utilized a phenomenological approach with a combination of composite narratives and in vivo coding to describe the lived experiences of striking. With the number of layoffs, strikes and threats of striking, this research is timely in understanding what striking entails and how it can best be navigated for the benefit of the faculty. There were 333 striking faculty of which twenty-seven were interviewed. Three themes developed and will be discussed. First, how the faculty's perception of the Union can influence their experience and willingness to remain on the picket line. Second, realizing a striker's experience is not monolithic, as realized in the differing experiences of the two campuses of Wright State. Lastly, surprising themes emerged, such as mental health issues surrounding financial, work and family struggles throughout the duration of the strike.
高等教育正面临挑战,教师工会也是如此。这种结合可能会造成教职员工需要罢工的氛围。本研究的目的是描述罢工教职员工的生活经历,以加深对教职员工可能遭遇的情况的了解。本研究采用现象学方法,结合综合叙述和活体编码来描述罢工的生活经历。随着裁员、罢工和罢工威胁的增多,这项研究对于了解罢工的后果以及如何以最佳方式为教职员工谋福利非常及时。共有 333 名教师罢工,其中 27 人接受了采访。我们将讨论三个主题。第一,教职员工对工会的看法如何影响他们在纠察线的经历和意愿。其次,认识到罢工者的经历并不是单一的,正如莱特州立大学两个校区的不同经历所体现的那样。最后,出现了一些令人惊讶的主题,如在整个罢工期间,围绕财务、工作和家庭斗争的心理健康问题。
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引用次数: 0
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The Qualitative Report
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