Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520549
D. Wijeratne, G. Moschopoulos
A new reduced-switch, three-phase ac-dc quasi-resonant buck-boost converter is proposed in this paper. The converter can operate with an excellent input power factor correction and is suitable for applications where a converter needs to produce a wide range of output dc voltages and power levels. In the paper, the converter's operation is explained in detail and its features and its design are discussed. The feasibility of the proposed converter is confirmed with results obtained from an experimental prototype.
{"title":"A two-switch AC-DC buck-boost quasi-resonant front-end converter","authors":"D. Wijeratne, G. Moschopoulos","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520549","url":null,"abstract":"A new reduced-switch, three-phase ac-dc quasi-resonant buck-boost converter is proposed in this paper. The converter can operate with an excellent input power factor correction and is suitable for applications where a converter needs to produce a wide range of output dc voltages and power levels. In the paper, the converter's operation is explained in detail and its features and its design are discussed. The feasibility of the proposed converter is confirmed with results obtained from an experimental prototype.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126493137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520548
Xiliang Chen, Tianyang Jiang, Siyang Zhao, Hulong Zeng, Junming Zhang
Flyback converter has been widely used in low power offline applications due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Conventionally, the output voltage or output current are sensed and regulated by an isolated feedback circuit with opto-coupler. In order to further simplify the circuit and reduce the cost, primary side control for flyback converter has been adopted to eliminate the opto-coupler feedback circuit. The primary side output voltage control is quite straightforward. However, the primary side output current control is more complex than the output voltage control, which is also required for many applications like LED drivers. In this paper, a thorough review of the existing output current control methods are presented, including pulse frequency modulation (PFM), current estimation, adaptive peak current value and duty cycle control. Finally, an improved primary side output current control method based on the current estimation is studied, which is more flexible and accurate. Experimental results from a 15W LED driver prototype are presented to verify the performance of the control scheme.
{"title":"Evaluation of primary side control schemes for flyback converter with constant current output","authors":"Xiliang Chen, Tianyang Jiang, Siyang Zhao, Hulong Zeng, Junming Zhang","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520548","url":null,"abstract":"Flyback converter has been widely used in low power offline applications due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Conventionally, the output voltage or output current are sensed and regulated by an isolated feedback circuit with opto-coupler. In order to further simplify the circuit and reduce the cost, primary side control for flyback converter has been adopted to eliminate the opto-coupler feedback circuit. The primary side output voltage control is quite straightforward. However, the primary side output current control is more complex than the output voltage control, which is also required for many applications like LED drivers. In this paper, a thorough review of the existing output current control methods are presented, including pulse frequency modulation (PFM), current estimation, adaptive peak current value and duty cycle control. Finally, an improved primary side output current control method based on the current estimation is studied, which is more flexible and accurate. Experimental results from a 15W LED driver prototype are presented to verify the performance of the control scheme.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126400533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520325
Ben Guo, Fan Xu, Zheyu Zhang, Zhuxian Xu, F. Wang, L. Tolbert, B. Blalock
An overlap time for two commutating switches is necessary to prevent current interruption in a three-phase buck rectifier, but it may cause input current distortion. In this paper, a modified pulse-based compensation method is proposed to compensate for the overlap time. In addition to the traditional method which places the overlap time based on the voltage polarity, this new method first minimizes the overlap time to reduce its effect and then compensates the pulse width according to the sampled voltage and current. It is verified by experiments that the proposed method has better performance than the traditional method, especially when the line-to-line voltage crosses zero. Another distortion comes from the irregular pulse distribution when two sectors change in a 12-sector space vector PWM. This paper proposes two compensation methods for that scenario as well, compensating the duty cycle and increasing switching frequency near the boundaries of two sectors. It is shown through experiments that both methods can reduce the input current distortion in the buck rectifier.
{"title":"Compensation of input current distortion in three-phase buck rectifiers","authors":"Ben Guo, Fan Xu, Zheyu Zhang, Zhuxian Xu, F. Wang, L. Tolbert, B. Blalock","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520325","url":null,"abstract":"An overlap time for two commutating switches is necessary to prevent current interruption in a three-phase buck rectifier, but it may cause input current distortion. In this paper, a modified pulse-based compensation method is proposed to compensate for the overlap time. In addition to the traditional method which places the overlap time based on the voltage polarity, this new method first minimizes the overlap time to reduce its effect and then compensates the pulse width according to the sampled voltage and current. It is verified by experiments that the proposed method has better performance than the traditional method, especially when the line-to-line voltage crosses zero. Another distortion comes from the irregular pulse distribution when two sectors change in a 12-sector space vector PWM. This paper proposes two compensation methods for that scenario as well, compensating the duty cycle and increasing switching frequency near the boundaries of two sectors. It is shown through experiments that both methods can reduce the input current distortion in the buck rectifier.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"236 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121967894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520547
R. A. da Camara, P. Praça, R. Bascopé, C. Cruz
This paper presents a comparative analysis of performance for three single phase AC-DC converters for UPS applications. The analyzed converters are the conventional three-level converter, the five-level interleaved converter, and the T type five-level converter. Such converters are used as input stage of UPS and have as common characteristic: power factor correction, digital control using FPGA and connection between input power supply and converter output enabling the use of UPS inverter and bypass. All the converters have the same design parameters, and the project specifications. The control system used to perform the PFC is based on OCC technique implemented by FPGA. The analyzed topologies comparison parameters are: current semiconductors stresses, power factor, total harmonic distortion, magnetic volume and weight, efficiency and dynamics response.
{"title":"Comparative analisys of performance for single-phase AC-DC converters using FPGA for UPS applications","authors":"R. A. da Camara, P. Praça, R. Bascopé, C. Cruz","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520547","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comparative analysis of performance for three single phase AC-DC converters for UPS applications. The analyzed converters are the conventional three-level converter, the five-level interleaved converter, and the T type five-level converter. Such converters are used as input stage of UPS and have as common characteristic: power factor correction, digital control using FPGA and connection between input power supply and converter output enabling the use of UPS inverter and bypass. All the converters have the same design parameters, and the project specifications. The control system used to perform the PFC is based on OCC technique implemented by FPGA. The analyzed topologies comparison parameters are: current semiconductors stresses, power factor, total harmonic distortion, magnetic volume and weight, efficiency and dynamics response.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115941085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520553
E. D. dos Santos, M. Darabi
This paper proposes single-phase and three-phase non-isolated bidirectional converters in order to interface dc and ac variables. Such power electronics solutions guarantee: (i) bidirectional power flow between dc and ac converter sides, (ii) independent control in both converter sides, (iii) high level of integration, and (iv) implementation of two functions by using a unique power conversion stage. Despite proposing new power converter solutions, this paper presents an analysis of the converters in terms of PWM strategy, dc-link capacitor variables, and suitable control approach. Simulation and experimental results are presented as well.
{"title":"Single-phase and three-phase non-isolated bidirectional Dc-Dc-Ac converters","authors":"E. D. dos Santos, M. Darabi","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520553","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes single-phase and three-phase non-isolated bidirectional converters in order to interface dc and ac variables. Such power electronics solutions guarantee: (i) bidirectional power flow between dc and ac converter sides, (ii) independent control in both converter sides, (iii) high level of integration, and (iv) implementation of two functions by using a unique power conversion stage. Despite proposing new power converter solutions, this paper presents an analysis of the converters in terms of PWM strategy, dc-link capacitor variables, and suitable control approach. Simulation and experimental results are presented as well.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131944869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520224
A. Elrayyah, Y. Sozer, M. Elbuluk
This paper proposes a novel load flow analysis (LFA) for droop-based islanded microgrids (DBIM). The standard LFA cannot be used since no single node sets the reference voltage. As the voltage in the islanded microgrid depends on the droop relation, they are included them as part of load flow equations. The proposed LFA is used with particle swarm optimization to select the droop parameters that optimize the power sharing among sources in a microgrid. The proposed methods are found to be effective through simulation studies.
{"title":"A novel load flow analysis for particle-swarm optimized microgrid power sharing","authors":"A. Elrayyah, Y. Sozer, M. Elbuluk","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520224","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel load flow analysis (LFA) for droop-based islanded microgrids (DBIM). The standard LFA cannot be used since no single node sets the reference voltage. As the voltage in the islanded microgrid depends on the droop relation, they are included them as part of load flow equations. The proposed LFA is used with particle swarm optimization to select the droop parameters that optimize the power sharing among sources in a microgrid. The proposed methods are found to be effective through simulation studies.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132071794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520761
G. Oriti, A. Julian, N. Peck
This paper demonstrates the functionality of a power electronics based energy management system (EMS). An EMS can optimize the use of energy sources and energy storage systems in microgrids. It can provide an intelligent interface with the main grid when the microgrid is connected, and it makes the microgrid fault tolerant by providing power to critical loads when the main power source fails. The EMS presented in this paper is developed on a digitally controlled power electronics system which can act as a current source or a voltage source depending on the situation. The EMS functionality is demonstrated by modeling, simulations and experimental measurements.
{"title":"Power electronics enabled energy management systems","authors":"G. Oriti, A. Julian, N. Peck","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520761","url":null,"abstract":"This paper demonstrates the functionality of a power electronics based energy management system (EMS). An EMS can optimize the use of energy sources and energy storage systems in microgrids. It can provide an intelligent interface with the main grid when the microgrid is connected, and it makes the microgrid fault tolerant by providing power to critical loads when the main power source fails. The EMS presented in this paper is developed on a digitally controlled power electronics system which can act as a current source or a voltage source depending on the situation. The EMS functionality is demonstrated by modeling, simulations and experimental measurements.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132391893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520678
C. Fernández, A. Lázaro, P. Zumel, V. Valdivia, C. Martínez, A. Barrado
The design of linear compensators is usually based on the frequency response of the system, considering phase margin PM and cross-over frequency fc as the initial specifications. Applying the k-factor method for synthesis of linear compensators, not all combinations of fc and PM yield feasible or stable designs, and in many cases the design procedure is based on a trial and error procedure. The objective of this paper is to define the fc-PM design space of linear compensators designed applying the k-factor method. This design space can be used to determine in a straightforward way the most appropriate compensator for a given topology, sensor and modulator.
{"title":"Design space boundaries of linear compensators applying the k-factor method","authors":"C. Fernández, A. Lázaro, P. Zumel, V. Valdivia, C. Martínez, A. Barrado","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520678","url":null,"abstract":"The design of linear compensators is usually based on the frequency response of the system, considering phase margin PM and cross-over frequency fc as the initial specifications. Applying the k-factor method for synthesis of linear compensators, not all combinations of fc and PM yield feasible or stable designs, and in many cases the design procedure is based on a trial and error procedure. The objective of this paper is to define the fc-PM design space of linear compensators designed applying the k-factor method. This design space can be used to determine in a straightforward way the most appropriate compensator for a given topology, sensor and modulator.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134074574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520294
Yue Zhang, Xiao-Fei He, Zhiliang Zhang, Yanfei Liu
For flyback micro-inverters, Boundary Conduction Mode (BCM) and Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) control strategies are widely used. Loss analysis is investigated for the interleaved flyback micro-inverter under BCM and DCM control strategies under different load condition. The BCM and DCM control strategies have different impact on the loss distribution and thus the efficiency of the flyback micro-inverter. Based on the loss analysis, a new hybrid control strategy combing the two-phase DCM and one-phase DCM control is proposed to improve the efficiency in wide load range by reducing the dominant losses depending on the load current. The experimental results verified the benefits of the proposed control.
{"title":"A hybrid control method for photovoltaic grid-connected interleaved flyback micro-inverter to achieve high efficiency in wide load range","authors":"Yue Zhang, Xiao-Fei He, Zhiliang Zhang, Yanfei Liu","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520294","url":null,"abstract":"For flyback micro-inverters, Boundary Conduction Mode (BCM) and Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) control strategies are widely used. Loss analysis is investigated for the interleaved flyback micro-inverter under BCM and DCM control strategies under different load condition. The BCM and DCM control strategies have different impact on the loss distribution and thus the efficiency of the flyback micro-inverter. Based on the loss analysis, a new hybrid control strategy combing the two-phase DCM and one-phase DCM control is proposed to improve the efficiency in wide load range by reducing the dominant losses depending on the load current. The experimental results verified the benefits of the proposed control.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131532031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-17DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2013.6520439
M. Amirabadi, H. Toliyat
This paper proposes a novel soft switching ac link converter for wind power generation. In this converter, the link is formed by a low reactive rating series inductor/capacitor (LC) pair having alternating current and voltage. Therefore, the proposed converter does not include any dc capacitors or chokes, resulting in a very compact design and reliable performance. The proposed converter is a partial resonant converter i.e. only a small time interval is allocated to resonance in each cycle. Hence, while the resonance facilitates zero current turn-off of the switches, the LC link has low reactive ratings and low power dissipation. Due to the zero current turn off of the switches, the switching frequency can be as high as permitted by the switches. The high frequency of the link minimizes the size of the passive components. Switches used in this converter can be of any type; even SCRs can be used. In order to provide galvanic isolation a single phase high frequency transformer can be added to the link. Light weight and compactness, along with high efficiency and long lifetime, make the proposed converter, which is named Series Partial Resonant Converter (SEPARC), an excellent candidate for different applications, especially wind power generation systems. In this paper, the performance of the proposed converter is evaluated for wind power generation applications.
{"title":"A highly reliable converter for wind power generation application","authors":"M. Amirabadi, H. Toliyat","doi":"10.1109/APEC.2013.6520439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.2013.6520439","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel soft switching ac link converter for wind power generation. In this converter, the link is formed by a low reactive rating series inductor/capacitor (LC) pair having alternating current and voltage. Therefore, the proposed converter does not include any dc capacitors or chokes, resulting in a very compact design and reliable performance. The proposed converter is a partial resonant converter i.e. only a small time interval is allocated to resonance in each cycle. Hence, while the resonance facilitates zero current turn-off of the switches, the LC link has low reactive ratings and low power dissipation. Due to the zero current turn off of the switches, the switching frequency can be as high as permitted by the switches. The high frequency of the link minimizes the size of the passive components. Switches used in this converter can be of any type; even SCRs can be used. In order to provide galvanic isolation a single phase high frequency transformer can be added to the link. Light weight and compactness, along with high efficiency and long lifetime, make the proposed converter, which is named Series Partial Resonant Converter (SEPARC), an excellent candidate for different applications, especially wind power generation systems. In this paper, the performance of the proposed converter is evaluated for wind power generation applications.","PeriodicalId":256756,"journal":{"name":"2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127590641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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