Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688371
R. Rahimi, M. Ochoa, B. Ziaie
We present an inexpensive flexible Ag+ sensor on a paper substrate that can be embedded into commercial silver dressings to enable real-time monitoring of the Ag+ concentration in situ. The sensor consists of a silver measuring electrode and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode screen-printed on a laser-machined parchment paper substrate; the reference electrode is covered with PDMS chambers of KCl and KNO3 to form a double-junction electrode. The fabrication features layerby-layer assembly with no need for expensive cleanroom processes. Experiments in aqueous solutions of various concentrations of AgNO3 show a generated potential that is linear (r2=0.9752) with log[Ag+] and has a sensitivity of 62 mV/decade.
{"title":"A low-cost, flexible electrochemical sensor for monitoring silver ion concentration in alginate wound dressings","authors":"R. Rahimi, M. Ochoa, B. Ziaie","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688371","url":null,"abstract":"We present an inexpensive flexible Ag+ sensor on a paper substrate that can be embedded into commercial silver dressings to enable real-time monitoring of the Ag+ concentration in situ. The sensor consists of a silver measuring electrode and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode screen-printed on a laser-machined parchment paper substrate; the reference electrode is covered with PDMS chambers of KCl and KNO3 to form a double-junction electrode. The fabrication features layerby-layer assembly with no need for expensive cleanroom processes. Experiments in aqueous solutions of various concentrations of AgNO3 show a generated potential that is linear (r2=0.9752) with log[Ag+] and has a sensitivity of 62 mV/decade.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"45 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130739147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688423
Mohamed Brahmi, Kai Schueler, S. Bouzouraa, M. Maurer, Karl-Heinz Siedersberger, U. Hofmann
This paper describes methods and tools for the analysis of measurement timestamps and time delays of different environmental perception sensors for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) in order to allow a proper sensor data interpretation. These sensors are classified according to the way they timestamp their measurements. Thereby, three classes are defined: sensors with global timestamps, sensors with relative timestamps and sensors without measurement timestamps. This paper describes the concept and tools for analyzing and setting the timestamp of sensors from class I and II. For the classI, a global UTC1-master time generator allows the creation of a relationship between the measurement and the acquisition timestamps. For the class II, a synchronization signal is periodically sent to the sensors which timestamp their data relative to this reference signal. The used tools for this analysis were thoroughly analyzed and verified.
{"title":"Timestamping and latency analysis for multi-sensor perception systems","authors":"Mohamed Brahmi, Kai Schueler, S. Bouzouraa, M. Maurer, Karl-Heinz Siedersberger, U. Hofmann","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688423","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes methods and tools for the analysis of measurement timestamps and time delays of different environmental perception sensors for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) in order to allow a proper sensor data interpretation. These sensors are classified according to the way they timestamp their measurements. Thereby, three classes are defined: sensors with global timestamps, sensors with relative timestamps and sensors without measurement timestamps. This paper describes the concept and tools for analyzing and setting the timestamp of sensors from class I and II. For the classI, a global UTC1-master time generator allows the creation of a relationship between the measurement and the acquisition timestamps. For the class II, a synchronization signal is periodically sent to the sensors which timestamp their data relative to this reference signal. The used tools for this analysis were thoroughly analyzed and verified.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133588659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688577
Sanjay Kumar, M. Madani, M. Seyedjalali
In this work for the first time we have demonstrated the feasibility of multilayer silica aerogel interleaved with thin layers of SiO2, to replace the micromachined air pit used in fabrication of metal oxide (MOX) gas sensors. Microhotplate is the most important structure of MOX gas sensors since it provides the desired uniform temperatures ranging from 200 oC to 500 oC for the sensing material. Based on our previous work, in order to achieve this operating temperature we must have a thick layer of 5 to 20 μm aerogel. However, in the literature we cannot find reports that indicate multilayer spin-coated aerogel is possible. In our laboratory we have successfully spin coated two layers of aerogel with high porosity of 85% and low refractive index of 1.05. We have investigated the formation of thicker multilayer aerogel by having sputtered SiO2 as interlayer. The heat insulation capability of multilayer is reported in both steady state and transient mode.
{"title":"MOX gas sensors using multilayer aerogel","authors":"Sanjay Kumar, M. Madani, M. Seyedjalali","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688577","url":null,"abstract":"In this work for the first time we have demonstrated the feasibility of multilayer silica aerogel interleaved with thin layers of SiO2, to replace the micromachined air pit used in fabrication of metal oxide (MOX) gas sensors. Microhotplate is the most important structure of MOX gas sensors since it provides the desired uniform temperatures ranging from 200 oC to 500 oC for the sensing material. Based on our previous work, in order to achieve this operating temperature we must have a thick layer of 5 to 20 μm aerogel. However, in the literature we cannot find reports that indicate multilayer spin-coated aerogel is possible. In our laboratory we have successfully spin coated two layers of aerogel with high porosity of 85% and low refractive index of 1.05. We have investigated the formation of thicker multilayer aerogel by having sputtered SiO2 as interlayer. The heat insulation capability of multilayer is reported in both steady state and transient mode.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132431696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688601
S. Tachibana, M. Ohkawa, Takashi Sato
Our group has proposed a resonant-type guided-wave optical acoustic emission (AE) sensor, which consists of a diaphragm and a single-mode optical waveguide on the diaphragm. In this study, we examined output response characteristics of the AE sensor using an acoustic sound pulse, instead of an AE pulse. Output responses of a fabricated AE sensor were investigated for each parameter, namely pulse duration, sound pressure (amplitude) and frequency. A larger output signal was obtained due to resonance effect, but it lacked similarity to the original target pulse due to a narrow bandwidth and required approximately 10 ms to reach the steady state. However, based on the experimental results, a formula was derived to determine pulse duration and amplitude. In the case of out-of-resonance, output signal is more complex, but the frequency deviation from the resonance frequency could be determined from the beat-like phenomenon for long-duration pulse.
{"title":"Output response characteristics of resonant-type guided-wave optical acoustic emission sensor","authors":"S. Tachibana, M. Ohkawa, Takashi Sato","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688601","url":null,"abstract":"Our group has proposed a resonant-type guided-wave optical acoustic emission (AE) sensor, which consists of a diaphragm and a single-mode optical waveguide on the diaphragm. In this study, we examined output response characteristics of the AE sensor using an acoustic sound pulse, instead of an AE pulse. Output responses of a fabricated AE sensor were investigated for each parameter, namely pulse duration, sound pressure (amplitude) and frequency. A larger output signal was obtained due to resonance effect, but it lacked similarity to the original target pulse due to a narrow bandwidth and required approximately 10 ms to reach the steady state. However, based on the experimental results, a formula was derived to determine pulse duration and amplitude. In the case of out-of-resonance, output signal is more complex, but the frequency deviation from the resonance frequency could be determined from the beat-like phenomenon for long-duration pulse.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132591412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688504
A. C. Barnes, C. Zorman
In this paper, we report the results of an initial study to characterize the resonance behavior of ultra-thin, large area, circular polycrystalline diamond diaphragms as a potential structural material for resonant sensors. The resonant response of the diaphragms fabricated on Si substrates was measured for excitation frequencies from the low kHz to 1 MHz. Due to the large aspect ratio, a high Young's modulus and high quality factors, resonances enter the nonlinear Duffing regime at very low drive voltages. This nonlinear behavior is known for its use in parametric excitation, allowing for interesting applications in many areas, including quantum optics and plasma physics. Higher resonance mode center frequencies were found to deviate from expected frequencies when compared to membrane theory due to the large aspect ratio and high Young's modulus-to-stress ratio.
{"title":"Polycrystalline diamond circular resonant diaphragms with low onset of nonlinear response","authors":"A. C. Barnes, C. Zorman","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688504","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we report the results of an initial study to characterize the resonance behavior of ultra-thin, large area, circular polycrystalline diamond diaphragms as a potential structural material for resonant sensors. The resonant response of the diaphragms fabricated on Si substrates was measured for excitation frequencies from the low kHz to 1 MHz. Due to the large aspect ratio, a high Young's modulus and high quality factors, resonances enter the nonlinear Duffing regime at very low drive voltages. This nonlinear behavior is known for its use in parametric excitation, allowing for interesting applications in many areas, including quantum optics and plasma physics. Higher resonance mode center frequencies were found to deviate from expected frequencies when compared to membrane theory due to the large aspect ratio and high Young's modulus-to-stress ratio.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132663411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688184
Yang Wang, Xiaosong Du, Yin Long, Yi Li, Yadong Jiang
In this paper, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor coated with a hydrogen-bond acidic (HBA) polymer was introduced to detect styrene vapor. The polymer, PLF, a polysiloxane with a hexafluoroisopropanol functional group was synthesized by hydrosilylation reaction. And subsequently, PLF was dissolved in chloroform, and spray-coated on a 433.92 MHz two-port oscillator SAW device by an airbrush apparatus. Realtime responses of the obtained sensor to styrene vapor and some common interference vapors were studied. High sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor to styrene were demonstrated. The sensitivity was attributed to the OH/π hydrogen bond interaction between PLF and styrene.
{"title":"Detection of styrene by SAW sensor based on hydrogen-bond acidic polymer","authors":"Yang Wang, Xiaosong Du, Yin Long, Yi Li, Yadong Jiang","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688184","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor coated with a hydrogen-bond acidic (HBA) polymer was introduced to detect styrene vapor. The polymer, PLF, a polysiloxane with a hexafluoroisopropanol functional group was synthesized by hydrosilylation reaction. And subsequently, PLF was dissolved in chloroform, and spray-coated on a 433.92 MHz two-port oscillator SAW device by an airbrush apparatus. Realtime responses of the obtained sensor to styrene vapor and some common interference vapors were studied. High sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor to styrene were demonstrated. The sensitivity was attributed to the OH/π hydrogen bond interaction between PLF and styrene.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131439295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688331
R. Ghosh, R. Loloee
The most important variable for intensive fish farming is the ability to monitor the oxygen concentration in the water in an autonomous and continuous fashion. We report on a system capable of remote data collection that was deployed in fish pond. The system is capable of tracking the dynamic changes in oxygen concentration encountered in during facility operation. A user friendly computer interface provides output from the sensor located in the fish pond and enables setting alarm levels, which are communicated to the farmer via a commercial cell phone network.
{"title":"System for oxygen measurements in a fish farm","authors":"R. Ghosh, R. Loloee","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688331","url":null,"abstract":"The most important variable for intensive fish farming is the ability to monitor the oxygen concentration in the water in an autonomous and continuous fashion. We report on a system capable of remote data collection that was deployed in fish pond. The system is capable of tracking the dynamic changes in oxygen concentration encountered in during facility operation. A user friendly computer interface provides output from the sensor located in the fish pond and enables setting alarm levels, which are communicated to the farmer via a commercial cell phone network.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127840864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688294
Rongsheng Chen, H. McPeak, F. Formenti, C. Hahn, A. Farmery, A. Obeid
In this paper, the development of a clinically useful fibre-optic oxygen sensor based on oxygen fluorescence quenching is described. The oxygen sensor tip was formed by coating a tapered polymer optical fibre with a thin film polymer matrix containing an oxygen sensitive fluorophore. The sensitivity and time response of the oxygen sensors were modified using different polymer matrices. Using this technique, a T90 response time typically less than 100ms could be readily achieved.
{"title":"Optimizing sensor design for polymer fibre optic oxygen sensors","authors":"Rongsheng Chen, H. McPeak, F. Formenti, C. Hahn, A. Farmery, A. Obeid","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688294","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the development of a clinically useful fibre-optic oxygen sensor based on oxygen fluorescence quenching is described. The oxygen sensor tip was formed by coating a tapered polymer optical fibre with a thin film polymer matrix containing an oxygen sensitive fluorophore. The sensitivity and time response of the oxygen sensors were modified using different polymer matrices. Using this technique, a T90 response time typically less than 100ms could be readily achieved.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127417316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688487
P. Chao, Chao-Te Chiang, Tzu-Chia Huang, Chun-Kai Chang
A new rectifier (AC-DC) charge pump with impedance matching is proposed in this study for maximizing power transfer efficiency in an energy harvester circuitry equipping self-powered sensors. In addition to the rectifier charge pump, there are power management circuits, a low dropout regulator and a battery charger to complete the energy harvester circuitry module for self-power sensors. The proposed circuit is suitable for harvesting the low-frequency vibration energy in portable medical sensors or low-power high-frequency RFID sensors. In the harvester circuit, the rectifier charge pump operated in dual phase is proposed to preform efficient conversion of vibratory AC powers to DC by means of automatic switchings and capacitors. To optimize the charge pump circuit, a charging equivalent model is first derived, where all capacitances are optimized to derive maximum average energy stored in capacitors and then transferred to loadings. The design rules are distilled based on rigorous analysis, and the capacitances are optimized based on the relation between the energy stored in capacitances and inherent electronic properties of the harvester. The chips with optimized capacitances are fabricated by the TSMC 0.35um process for verification. It is shown theoretically and experimentally that implementation of the proposed optimized circuit is able to harvest more power than un-optimized.
{"title":"Achieving maximum power efficiency of a novel rectifier charge pump by impedance matching in an energy harvester suited for self-powered sensors","authors":"P. Chao, Chao-Te Chiang, Tzu-Chia Huang, Chun-Kai Chang","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688487","url":null,"abstract":"A new rectifier (AC-DC) charge pump with impedance matching is proposed in this study for maximizing power transfer efficiency in an energy harvester circuitry equipping self-powered sensors. In addition to the rectifier charge pump, there are power management circuits, a low dropout regulator and a battery charger to complete the energy harvester circuitry module for self-power sensors. The proposed circuit is suitable for harvesting the low-frequency vibration energy in portable medical sensors or low-power high-frequency RFID sensors. In the harvester circuit, the rectifier charge pump operated in dual phase is proposed to preform efficient conversion of vibratory AC powers to DC by means of automatic switchings and capacitors. To optimize the charge pump circuit, a charging equivalent model is first derived, where all capacitances are optimized to derive maximum average energy stored in capacitors and then transferred to loadings. The design rules are distilled based on rigorous analysis, and the capacitances are optimized based on the relation between the energy stored in capacitances and inherent electronic properties of the harvester. The chips with optimized capacitances are fabricated by the TSMC 0.35um process for verification. It is shown theoretically and experimentally that implementation of the proposed optimized circuit is able to harvest more power than un-optimized.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127899287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688610
A. S. Herbawi, O. Paul, T. Galchev
This paper presents the design, fabrication, and testing of an efficient full-wave CMOS (0.35 μm XFAB) active rectifier suitable for integrated energy harvesters, which typically produce output voltages <;1 V and output power levels of tens of μW. It can rectify input AC signals with amplitudes in the range of 0.5-1.2 V with a maximum conversion efficiency of 94% while providing an output current of 30 μA, an output ripple of 40 mV, and voltage efficiency >95%. The overall power consumption of 300-650 nW is accounted for within the stated efficiency. The rectifier can operate with input signals in the range of 5 Hz-10 kHz.
{"title":"An ultra-low-power active AC-DC CMOS converter for sub-1V integrated energy harvesting applications","authors":"A. S. Herbawi, O. Paul, T. Galchev","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2013.6688610","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design, fabrication, and testing of an efficient full-wave CMOS (0.35 μm XFAB) active rectifier suitable for integrated energy harvesters, which typically produce output voltages <;1 V and output power levels of tens of μW. It can rectify input AC signals with amplitudes in the range of 0.5-1.2 V with a maximum conversion efficiency of 94% while providing an output current of 30 μA, an output ripple of 40 mV, and voltage efficiency >95%. The overall power consumption of 300-650 nW is accounted for within the stated efficiency. The rectifier can operate with input signals in the range of 5 Hz-10 kHz.","PeriodicalId":258260,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE SENSORS","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115744573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：