Razi Ahmad, R. Santiagoo, N. Kasmuri, S. Ramasamy, Nurul Nafizah Salim, N. N. Kasim
Rice husk and polystyrene waste were combined to obtain bio-oil through pyrolysis process. The bio-oil produced from mixtures of rice husk and polystyrene waste also potential to be used as fuel. The parameters were used for this study are ratios of mixture, temperature, particle sizes and holding time. High yield of bio-oil was obtained on a rice husk/polystyrene waste of 70:30, temperature of 450°C, particle size of 300 µm and holding time of 2 minutes. Results of bio-oil characterization from combination between rice husk and polystyrene proved that the hydrocarbons become increased and the content of acid was decreased. The bio-oil majority consisted of aliphatic and aromatic amines.
{"title":"Liquid fuel production from co-pyrolysis of rice husk and polystyrene waste mixture","authors":"Razi Ahmad, R. Santiagoo, N. Kasmuri, S. Ramasamy, Nurul Nafizah Salim, N. N. Kasim","doi":"10.1063/5.0051563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0051563","url":null,"abstract":"Rice husk and polystyrene waste were combined to obtain bio-oil through pyrolysis process. The bio-oil produced from mixtures of rice husk and polystyrene waste also potential to be used as fuel. The parameters were used for this study are ratios of mixture, temperature, particle sizes and holding time. High yield of bio-oil was obtained on a rice husk/polystyrene waste of 70:30, temperature of 450°C, particle size of 300 µm and holding time of 2 minutes. Results of bio-oil characterization from combination between rice husk and polystyrene proved that the hydrocarbons become increased and the content of acid was decreased. The bio-oil majority consisted of aliphatic and aromatic amines.","PeriodicalId":259202,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131369053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanisa Hassan, N. Abdillah, Mohd Izani Mohd Zain, S. N. Apandi, Nik Aisyah Nik Muhammad
The term, ‘peranakan’ refers to a community that traces its lineage to the first waves of Hoklo (Han Chinese) settlers who interacted, especially through marriage, with the local people of the Malay Peninsula and Indonesian Archipelago. There are various types of the Peranakans in Malaysia such as the Baba-Nyonya, Chitty, Kristang (mostly in Melaka) and other Peranakan Muslims of Indian, Malay and Arab descent known as Jawi Peranakan. The Kelantan Peranakan Chinese (also known as Cina Peranakan Kelantan in Malay) is another unique ethnic group of Peranakans characterised by its mixture of three cultures: the local Malay of Kelantan, Chinese and Thai. However, this acculturated ethnicity seems to be less appreciated by the younger generation of the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese. One of the reasons is perhaps due to a general perception of the Kelantanese people that label them as cina kampung or cina bukit. To the older generation of the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese, they are proud to be called cina kampung whereas the younger generation may view this term as derogatory, implying that they are not advanced or modern people. The dwindling sense of pride among the younger generation may have resulted in the dying culture of the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese. A diluting image in their cultural artefacts is a case in point. Clothing, which is one of the important cultural artefacts, is gradually forgotten by the younger generation. Modern clothing is more appealing to them compared to the simplicity of clothing worn by their elder folks in the kampung (village). This study is aimed at examining the clothing of the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese, particularly, by studying its components of design elements using the aesthetic morphology approach. The formalistic aspect of the clothing, for instance, the ubiquitous paired blouse and sarong are a reflection of three cultural amalgamation of Malay, Chinese and Thai. The aesthetic aspect is also shown through their humble way of clothing hence symbolising a simple way of life of the community of Kelantan Peranakan Chinese. The finding thus concludes that the form and style of clothing worn by the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese is distinctive from other Peranakans in different states of Malaysia.
{"title":"The identity of Kelantan peranakan Chinese through clothing: An aesthetic morphology approach","authors":"Hanisa Hassan, N. Abdillah, Mohd Izani Mohd Zain, S. N. Apandi, Nik Aisyah Nik Muhammad","doi":"10.1063/5.0052092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0052092","url":null,"abstract":"The term, ‘peranakan’ refers to a community that traces its lineage to the first waves of Hoklo (Han Chinese) settlers who interacted, especially through marriage, with the local people of the Malay Peninsula and Indonesian Archipelago. There are various types of the Peranakans in Malaysia such as the Baba-Nyonya, Chitty, Kristang (mostly in Melaka) and other Peranakan Muslims of Indian, Malay and Arab descent known as Jawi Peranakan. The Kelantan Peranakan Chinese (also known as Cina Peranakan Kelantan in Malay) is another unique ethnic group of Peranakans characterised by its mixture of three cultures: the local Malay of Kelantan, Chinese and Thai. However, this acculturated ethnicity seems to be less appreciated by the younger generation of the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese. One of the reasons is perhaps due to a general perception of the Kelantanese people that label them as cina kampung or cina bukit. To the older generation of the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese, they are proud to be called cina kampung whereas the younger generation may view this term as derogatory, implying that they are not advanced or modern people. The dwindling sense of pride among the younger generation may have resulted in the dying culture of the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese. A diluting image in their cultural artefacts is a case in point. Clothing, which is one of the important cultural artefacts, is gradually forgotten by the younger generation. Modern clothing is more appealing to them compared to the simplicity of clothing worn by their elder folks in the kampung (village). This study is aimed at examining the clothing of the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese, particularly, by studying its components of design elements using the aesthetic morphology approach. The formalistic aspect of the clothing, for instance, the ubiquitous paired blouse and sarong are a reflection of three cultural amalgamation of Malay, Chinese and Thai. The aesthetic aspect is also shown through their humble way of clothing hence symbolising a simple way of life of the community of Kelantan Peranakan Chinese. The finding thus concludes that the form and style of clothing worn by the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese is distinctive from other Peranakans in different states of Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":259202,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131542426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Abbasi, M. Naseer, Y. A. Wahab, Muhammad Mobin Siddiqi, R. Osman, N. Alias, H. Hussin
The future advancements in wireless communication and the network technology is facing new challenges under different circumstances. These challenges are emerging out as revolutionary invention roadmaps. This study strives to contribute in wireless communication and networking systems. A rectangular microstrip patch antenna is proposed. Initially, some common mediums of communication such as WIFI/WLAN and Bluetooth were targeted. The successful execution leads us to target the commons bandwidth of wireless communication i.e. 2.4 and 5 GHz. The dielectric substrate material used for this purpose was FR4 with 1.6 × 38 × 39.8 mm dimensions (thickness × width × height). The design and simulation on HFSS V15.0 revealed the peak at 2.4 and 5 GHz. These results were also verified through 3D polar plot. After successful simulation, the next step was fabrication. DipTrace circuit design tool was used to generate Gerber file and was printed it on glossy paper followed by printing of antenna on substrate. To remove copper surrounding, FeCl3 and butyl solutions were used followed by soldering of SMA, for successful transmission. The simulation results were empirically verified by using VNA (Vector Network Analyzer). The proposed antenna shows significant negative environmental effect on its transmission. The return loss is quantified as -13dB and -27dB at 2.4 and 5 GHz, respectively. In addition, it promises swift and economic transmission of data with minimum noise attenuation requirement.
{"title":"Design and analysis of rectangular microstrip patch antenna at 2.4 and 5 GHz","authors":"H. Abbasi, M. Naseer, Y. A. Wahab, Muhammad Mobin Siddiqi, R. Osman, N. Alias, H. Hussin","doi":"10.1063/5.0052217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0052217","url":null,"abstract":"The future advancements in wireless communication and the network technology is facing new challenges under different circumstances. These challenges are emerging out as revolutionary invention roadmaps. This study strives to contribute in wireless communication and networking systems. A rectangular microstrip patch antenna is proposed. Initially, some common mediums of communication such as WIFI/WLAN and Bluetooth were targeted. The successful execution leads us to target the commons bandwidth of wireless communication i.e. 2.4 and 5 GHz. The dielectric substrate material used for this purpose was FR4 with 1.6 × 38 × 39.8 mm dimensions (thickness × width × height). The design and simulation on HFSS V15.0 revealed the peak at 2.4 and 5 GHz. These results were also verified through 3D polar plot. After successful simulation, the next step was fabrication. DipTrace circuit design tool was used to generate Gerber file and was printed it on glossy paper followed by printing of antenna on substrate. To remove copper surrounding, FeCl3 and butyl solutions were used followed by soldering of SMA, for successful transmission. The simulation results were empirically verified by using VNA (Vector Network Analyzer). The proposed antenna shows significant negative environmental effect on its transmission. The return loss is quantified as -13dB and -27dB at 2.4 and 5 GHz, respectively. In addition, it promises swift and economic transmission of data with minimum noise attenuation requirement.","PeriodicalId":259202,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133742508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. M. Salleh, M. S. Karim, N. A. Kedin, S. Sulaiman
A mosque is a special place of worship for the Muslims and it plays various significant roles including in managing the economic affairs of the community. The strong association between the mosque and the Muslim society could not be denied as a mosque is regarded as the pillar and center of Muslim activities. In handling the impact of the pandemic of covid-19 or coronavirus which hit the world in 2020, the government of Malaysia had enforced the Movement Control Order (MCO) in April 2020. The implementation of MCO had directly affected most residents in the country due to the discontinuation of certain economic activities. In dealing with the difficult situation, there is a question of whether the mosque had duly provided its kariah members with the necessary financial support and other assistance. In relation to the issue, research was carried out with the main objective of studying the effectiveness of the roles played by the mosque in taking care of the affairs of their kariah members during the period of MCO. Suggestions for improvements that should be duly considered by the mosque were also highlighted. A field study was undertaken by using questionnaires developed by the researchers. The questionnaires were distributed by using a random sampling technique to the respondents in the state of Melaka. Analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaires was made quantitatively, and it was also supported by qualitative explanations to enable the strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for improvements to be described in detail. Besides providing feedback to the management of mosque, the study would also enlighten the opportunities for other research to be carried out on the possibilities that mosque might need to improve on its existing functions and roles in sympathizing the poor and needy group of the society.
{"title":"The roles of mosque in sympathizing the kariah members during the movement control order (MCO) period","authors":"J. M. Salleh, M. S. Karim, N. A. Kedin, S. Sulaiman","doi":"10.1063/5.0053247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0053247","url":null,"abstract":"A mosque is a special place of worship for the Muslims and it plays various significant roles including in managing the economic affairs of the community. The strong association between the mosque and the Muslim society could not be denied as a mosque is regarded as the pillar and center of Muslim activities. In handling the impact of the pandemic of covid-19 or coronavirus which hit the world in 2020, the government of Malaysia had enforced the Movement Control Order (MCO) in April 2020. The implementation of MCO had directly affected most residents in the country due to the discontinuation of certain economic activities. In dealing with the difficult situation, there is a question of whether the mosque had duly provided its kariah members with the necessary financial support and other assistance. In relation to the issue, research was carried out with the main objective of studying the effectiveness of the roles played by the mosque in taking care of the affairs of their kariah members during the period of MCO. Suggestions for improvements that should be duly considered by the mosque were also highlighted. A field study was undertaken by using questionnaires developed by the researchers. The questionnaires were distributed by using a random sampling technique to the respondents in the state of Melaka. Analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaires was made quantitatively, and it was also supported by qualitative explanations to enable the strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for improvements to be described in detail. Besides providing feedback to the management of mosque, the study would also enlighten the opportunities for other research to be carried out on the possibilities that mosque might need to improve on its existing functions and roles in sympathizing the poor and needy group of the society.","PeriodicalId":259202,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133948027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study assessed the physical and chemical parameters related to indoor air quality (IAQ) at Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) and the IAQ of selected campus buildings were compared with guidelines provided by DOSH. This study is especially important as students spend most of their time indoors thus making them more vulnerable to exposure to indoor contaminants. Seven sampling locations around the UNITEN campus were selected which all have different layout. The method of data collection is based on Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality 2010 (ICOP). The indoor contaminants were recorded using real-time monitoring method and the parameters of interest are the Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10), Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC), relative humidity and temperature. Results show that the parameters of IAQ level in UNITEN is at a safe level as it is well below the DOSH permissible limit. One-way ANOVA analysis was used to identify whether or not the mean of the IAQ parameters specifically PM2.5, PM10 and TVOC are the same and belongs to the same population. Statistical analysis also shows that there was no significant difference in IAQ level between all sampling locations (P≤0.05).
{"title":"Study of indoor air quality (IAQ) using one-way Anova","authors":"M. S. Anuar, N. H. Mardi, N. Zaini, N. M. Zahari","doi":"10.1063/5.0051558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0051558","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the physical and chemical parameters related to indoor air quality (IAQ) at Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) and the IAQ of selected campus buildings were compared with guidelines provided by DOSH. This study is especially important as students spend most of their time indoors thus making them more vulnerable to exposure to indoor contaminants. Seven sampling locations around the UNITEN campus were selected which all have different layout. The method of data collection is based on Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality 2010 (ICOP). The indoor contaminants were recorded using real-time monitoring method and the parameters of interest are the Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10), Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC), relative humidity and temperature. Results show that the parameters of IAQ level in UNITEN is at a safe level as it is well below the DOSH permissible limit. One-way ANOVA analysis was used to identify whether or not the mean of the IAQ parameters specifically PM2.5, PM10 and TVOC are the same and belongs to the same population. Statistical analysis also shows that there was no significant difference in IAQ level between all sampling locations (P≤0.05).","PeriodicalId":259202,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132338214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. T. A. Al-Hakimi, A. Hani, G. Didi, N. A. A. Amirah
Cotton and polyester nonwovens fabricated using needle-punching technology have shown potential mechanical and physical attributes for diverse applications. A proper understanding is required to understand the fabric properties such as physical and thermal properties in designing fabric. Hence, this project will focus on the nonwovens fabric from different fiber (cotton and polyester). Nonwoven samples were produced by needle-punched nonwoven machine varying the number of stacking layers. The fabrics were stacked in 2 and 4 plies. The tests conducted include areal density, thickness, porosity percentage, and thermal resistance. The results showed that the porosity percentage of cotton nonwovens was higher than polyester nonwovens. The increment of the stacking layer affects the thermal resistance performance by further increasing thermal resistance. The thermal resistance of Polyester nonwovens was found better than the Cotton nonwovens.
{"title":"Porosity and thermal resistance properties of needle-punched nonwovens cotton and polyester","authors":"M. T. A. Al-Hakimi, A. Hani, G. Didi, N. A. A. Amirah","doi":"10.1063/5.0052717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0052717","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton and polyester nonwovens fabricated using needle-punching technology have shown potential mechanical and physical attributes for diverse applications. A proper understanding is required to understand the fabric properties such as physical and thermal properties in designing fabric. Hence, this project will focus on the nonwovens fabric from different fiber (cotton and polyester). Nonwoven samples were produced by needle-punched nonwoven machine varying the number of stacking layers. The fabrics were stacked in 2 and 4 plies. The tests conducted include areal density, thickness, porosity percentage, and thermal resistance. The results showed that the porosity percentage of cotton nonwovens was higher than polyester nonwovens. The increment of the stacking layer affects the thermal resistance performance by further increasing thermal resistance. The thermal resistance of Polyester nonwovens was found better than the Cotton nonwovens.","PeriodicalId":259202,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134403939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hisyam, S. Sharif, S. M. Isa, N. Jalil, R. M. Ghazi, N. Yusoff, M. Jani
Over the past few years, the issue of pollution from the grave is often taken into account and always become a study material and research. The most commonly used method for disposal of dead bodies and limbs is incineration. Incineration has been used for decades. Previously, biological specimen at the Hospital University of Sains Malaysia (HUSM) was disposed of through incinerators. Given that the majority of HUSM patients are Muslim societies, a method to dispose biological waste in an Islamic-compliant through burial method is proposed. In addition, incineration of dead bodies will have a bad impact on the environment and human health through the emission of toxic gases. New way has been introduced to overcome this problem by burial of formalin fixed specimen onto the soil. However, formalin preservation on specimen is a main concern. This study was done to determine the effect of the formaldehyde on the growth of the Jasminum sambac plant and the physical characteristic of the plant. The height of plant, surface area of leaf, number of leaves and flowers, colour of leaves and chlorophyll content of leaf were observed before and after the plants was treated with formaldehyde. The results obtained from this research will give valuable information on the effect of formaldehyde on the environment specifically on the plant. This study also determines whether the formalin fixed specimen by burial method give negative or positive effect to the environment. The physical characteristics of the plant after treated with formaldehyde shows a negative growth with decrease in number of leaves and flowers as well as in the surface area of leaf. Other than that, the colors of leaves changed from dark green to brownish color for the plants that treated with formaldehyde. In conclusion, formaldehyde application affected the plant and cause the physical characteristic of the plants does not grow well even with the lower concentration.
{"title":"Effect of formaldehyde in formalin-fixed specimen on Jasminum sambac plants","authors":"S. Hisyam, S. Sharif, S. M. Isa, N. Jalil, R. M. Ghazi, N. Yusoff, M. Jani","doi":"10.1063/5.0051677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0051677","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, the issue of pollution from the grave is often taken into account and always become a study material and research. The most commonly used method for disposal of dead bodies and limbs is incineration. Incineration has been used for decades. Previously, biological specimen at the Hospital University of Sains Malaysia (HUSM) was disposed of through incinerators. Given that the majority of HUSM patients are Muslim societies, a method to dispose biological waste in an Islamic-compliant through burial method is proposed. In addition, incineration of dead bodies will have a bad impact on the environment and human health through the emission of toxic gases. New way has been introduced to overcome this problem by burial of formalin fixed specimen onto the soil. However, formalin preservation on specimen is a main concern. This study was done to determine the effect of the formaldehyde on the growth of the Jasminum sambac plant and the physical characteristic of the plant. The height of plant, surface area of leaf, number of leaves and flowers, colour of leaves and chlorophyll content of leaf were observed before and after the plants was treated with formaldehyde. The results obtained from this research will give valuable information on the effect of formaldehyde on the environment specifically on the plant. This study also determines whether the formalin fixed specimen by burial method give negative or positive effect to the environment. The physical characteristics of the plant after treated with formaldehyde shows a negative growth with decrease in number of leaves and flowers as well as in the surface area of leaf. Other than that, the colors of leaves changed from dark green to brownish color for the plants that treated with formaldehyde. In conclusion, formaldehyde application affected the plant and cause the physical characteristic of the plants does not grow well even with the lower concentration.","PeriodicalId":259202,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115341018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sokri, M. Hussin, K. A. Pahirulzaman, N. H. Saidan
The effectiveness of Morus nigra as natural antimicrobial agents were assessed by the ability of the crude extract to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus brasiliensis, and Candida albicans. Different parts (fruit, root, leaves and stem) of M. nigra were extracted by maceration using different solvents; ethanol and methanol. The antimicrobial assays were carried out by paper disc diffusion method. M. nigra of all part extracted in ethanol were able to inhibit the growth of test microorganisms compared to, when extracted in methanol. Root and fruit extracts of M. nigra were able to inhibit the test microorganisms. The analytical analysis using HPLC-DAD was able to identify the presence of flavonoids rutin, quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol in crude extracts that correspond to inhibition zones observed. Hence, the results suggested that crude extracts from M. nigra root and fruit have antimicrobial properties to prevent the growth of test microorganisms.
{"title":"Effectiveness of ethanolic and methanolic Morus nigra extracts on microbial strains","authors":"M. Sokri, M. Hussin, K. A. Pahirulzaman, N. H. Saidan","doi":"10.1063/5.0051514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0051514","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of Morus nigra as natural antimicrobial agents were assessed by the ability of the crude extract to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus brasiliensis, and Candida albicans. Different parts (fruit, root, leaves and stem) of M. nigra were extracted by maceration using different solvents; ethanol and methanol. The antimicrobial assays were carried out by paper disc diffusion method. M. nigra of all part extracted in ethanol were able to inhibit the growth of test microorganisms compared to, when extracted in methanol. Root and fruit extracts of M. nigra were able to inhibit the test microorganisms. The analytical analysis using HPLC-DAD was able to identify the presence of flavonoids rutin, quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol in crude extracts that correspond to inhibition zones observed. Hence, the results suggested that crude extracts from M. nigra root and fruit have antimicrobial properties to prevent the growth of test microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":259202,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117188411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Wahab, S. Abdullah, M. Hanafi, M. N. M. Nah, A. Razak
Attitude is a key component that can influence taxpayers’ decisions whether to pay a tax or not. In the context of assessment tax, the issue of endless arrears requires careful study to be carried out on the actual attitude of taxpayers. It is because the result of the study will able to be utilized by the relevant agencies in order to develop certain actions that can form a positive attitude among the taxpayers. Therefore, this study has been conducted with the aim of identifying the actual attitude of property owners toward the assessment tax payment imposed on them. Through the survey approach, a total of 384 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents of this study. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statictic. The results of the study found there are 7 statements related to the attitude of assessment taxpayers where it revolves around two main elements, namely awareness and morality.
{"title":"The attitude of property owners toward the imposement of assessment tax","authors":"M. A. Wahab, S. Abdullah, M. Hanafi, M. N. M. Nah, A. Razak","doi":"10.1063/5.0051855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0051855","url":null,"abstract":"Attitude is a key component that can influence taxpayers’ decisions whether to pay a tax or not. In the context of assessment tax, the issue of endless arrears requires careful study to be carried out on the actual attitude of taxpayers. It is because the result of the study will able to be utilized by the relevant agencies in order to develop certain actions that can form a positive attitude among the taxpayers. Therefore, this study has been conducted with the aim of identifying the actual attitude of property owners toward the assessment tax payment imposed on them. Through the survey approach, a total of 384 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents of this study. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statictic. The results of the study found there are 7 statements related to the attitude of assessment taxpayers where it revolves around two main elements, namely awareness and morality.","PeriodicalId":259202,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020)","volume":"45 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116084565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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