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Monitoring and continuous improvement development in R&D: Propose solutions using MAAR methodology 监督和持续改进研发:使用MAAR方法提出解决方案
N. B. Krisnain, M. S. Jusoh, D. H. M. Yusuf, M. S. H. Din
The research presented in this paper concerns the development of a methodology for monitoring and continuous performance improvement in product development process. The proposed approach is derived from the classical Deming cycle adapted to a real industrial environment. The approach consists of four phases: Monitor, Analysis, Action and Review (MAAR). Through application of the MAAR approach, solution for the problems with the DMS were able to be achieved. This paper contributes in terms of practical application of the MAAR approach to continuous improvement in component selection process, a sub-process in product design stage.
本文提出的研究涉及产品开发过程中监测和持续性能改进的方法的发展。所提出的方法来源于经典的戴明周期,并适应于实际的工业环境。该方法包括四个阶段:监测、分析、行动和审查(MAAR)。通过MAAR方法的应用,可以解决DMS中存在的问题。本文将MAAR方法应用于产品设计阶段的子过程——部件选择过程的持续改进。
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引用次数: 0
Youth perception towards being an orchid entrepreneur 青年对兰花企业家的看法
A. Ariff, K. Fatimah, Z. Suhana, I. Adillah, T. A. B. T. H. Sa’adiah, A. M. Amizi
Orchid is a valuable exotic flower species and this floricultural industry is profitable in our country. It creates lots of business opportunity and employment as this industry is widely concerned by the government and non-government organisations. As these species are able to grow well in Malaysia, their production feed the cut flower industry, tourism market in Sabah, orchid hybridization and the most importance is the entrepreneurial business in this industry. However, orchid flowers are sensitive to external conditions, so research and development is needed for a mature yet productive orchid industry. This is because this industry is showing an increasing trend of economic status. Still, Malaysians especially the youths are less intended to become an orchid entrepreneur while they are also less aware of its commercial potential. Theory of perceived behaviour (TPB) is used in this research study to identify demographic factors such as income, entrepreneurial knowledge and social norms of the youths are studied to review the relevancy and validity among the youths who have income. Both primary data and secondary data are gathered by collecting a sampling of 122 youth with income of their information through questionnaires and referring previous studies. Lastly, data analyses are done by performing descriptive analysis, reliability test, chi-square test, factor analysis and variances are explained.
兰花是一种珍贵的外来花卉品种,在我国花卉种植业是有利可图的。由于该行业受到政府和非政府组织的广泛关注,它创造了大量的商业机会和就业机会。由于这些品种能够在马来西亚生长良好,它们的生产为切花产业、沙巴的旅游市场、兰花杂交提供了饲料,最重要的是该行业的创业业务。然而,兰花对外界条件敏感,因此需要研究和开发成熟而多产的兰花产业。这是因为该行业的经济地位呈上升趋势。然而,马来西亚人,尤其是年轻人,不太想成为兰花企业家,同时他们也不太了解兰花的商业潜力。本研究运用认知行为理论(Theory of perceived behavior, TPB)对人口统计学因素(如收入、创业知识和社会规范)进行了研究,考察了这些因素在有收入青年中的相关性和效度。通过问卷调查和参考前人研究,对122名青少年进行抽样调查,收集所得信息,收集一手数据和二次数据。最后,通过描述性分析、信度检验、卡方检验、因子分析和方差解释等方法对数据进行分析。
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引用次数: 1
Tools to measure environmental sustainability 衡量环境可持续性的工具
A. Hilmi, Asna Rasyidah Abdul Hamid
Since the 1970s, the concept of environmental protection has been popular. It argues that the ability of individual habitats to sustain human existence without severe environmental destruction is constrained by necessity. Because of its extravagant room use, prime agriculture property, water availability, water contamination and other consequences the suburban sprawl is known to be unsustainable. Decline in metropolitan areas is seen as a product of suburbanization and growth. Revitalization of core towns was encouraged as a way to divert expansion from suburbs to central towns. Environmentalists and some community designers proposed that older city centres can be revitalised and used to address ongoing urban demands, rather than under-used, deteriorating slums. This paper discusses several tools for calculating environmental protection. Multiple regression analysis, panel data analysis and delphi approaches are among them.
自20世纪70年代以来,环保的概念开始流行。它认为,在不严重破坏环境的情况下,个体栖息地维持人类生存的能力受到必要性的限制。由于其过度的房间使用,主要的农业财产,水的可用性,水污染和其他后果,郊区的扩张是不可持续的。大都市区的衰退被视为郊区化和经济增长的产物。鼓励核心城镇的振兴,作为将郊区扩张转移到中心城镇的一种方式。环保主义者和一些社区设计师提出,旧的城市中心可以重新焕发活力,用来满足不断增长的城市需求,而不是利用不足、日益恶化的贫民窟。本文讨论了几种计算环境保护的工具。多元回归分析法、面板数据分析法、德尔菲法等。
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引用次数: 0
Detecting and eliminating non-coating problems in negative photo resist (NPR) industry: A kaizen approach 检测和消除负光刻胶(NPR)行业中的非涂层问题:一种改进方法
Paul Velanganny, M. S. Jusoh, D. H. M. Yusuf, M. S. H. Din
Defect free management is the goal of any organization. One of the best methods to create a defect free manufacturing is the Kaizen approach. The term Kaizen comes from the word Gemba Kaizen meaning ‘Continuous Improvement’ (CI). Continuous Improvement is one of the core strategies for excellence in production and is considered vital in today’s competitive environment. It calls for endless effort for improvement involving everyone in the organization. Thus, the aim of this paper is to explore the Kaizen approach implementation in solving the problem with Negative Photo Resist (NPR) where non-coated panels were being scraped in huge quantity. The study seeks to explore new practices to identify hidden improvement opportunities in the regular production of the product to increase productivity and improve quality using value stream map. The research paper gives useful understandings to the lean implementers, Kaizen identifiers, consultants, and researchers.
无缺陷管理是任何组织的目标。创建无缺陷制造的最佳方法之一是改善方法。“改善”一词来源于“Gemba Kaizen”,意思是“持续改进”(CI)。持续改进是卓越生产的核心战略之一,在当今竞争激烈的环境中被认为是至关重要的。它要求组织中的每个人都要不断努力改进。因此,本文的目的是探索改善方法的实施,以解决负光刻胶(NPR)的问题,其中非涂层面板被大量刮擦。本研究旨在探索新的实践,以识别产品常规生产中隐藏的改进机会,从而使用价值流图来提高生产率和改进质量。本文对精益实施者、改善标识者、顾问和研究者提供了有益的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Key features of additive manufacturing: A review 增材制造的主要特征:综述
N. Muhammad, A. Azli, Mohd Shuhidan Saleh, M. N. Salimi, Mohd Fathullah Ghazli, S. Rahim
This work reviews the key features and capabilities of additive manufacturing, which include the fundamental of additive manufacturing followed by types of additive manufacturing technologies. Advantages and limitation of additive manufacturing is discussed and the emergence of additive manufacturing in industrial revolution 4.0 is presented. Economy benefits through the additive manufacturing showing beneficial potential.
这项工作回顾了增材制造的关键特征和能力,其中包括增材制造的基础,然后是增材制造技术的类型。讨论了增材制造的优势和局限性,并介绍了增材制造在工业革命4.0中的出现。通过增材制造的经济效益显示出有利的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Probability influence factors of local youths in Malaysia to participate towards career in the oil palm plantation 马来西亚当地青年参与油棕种植园事业的概率影响因素
A. M. Amizi, A. Norehan, A. Ariff, M. Nursalwani
The plantation sector, especially the oil palm commodity, is currently the largest agricultural-based contributor to Malaysia economic projection involving both upstream and downstream activities. Due to the rapid expansion in this palm oil industry, there are high labour demands required in this sector. Since the fate of this sector is being put on a stake, recruiting foreign labours is the only way out from this dilemma. As a result, more than 78 % of labour [1] in this sector is mainly came from Indonesia, Bangladesh and the Philippines. Malaysia has become the main attention for the foreign labours to work in this country due to the wages being more competitive and generative working condition, especially in the plantation sector, provides the suitable accommodation compared to their origin country. The pressing issue now plantation and agriculture sectors too much dependence on foreign labour. As a result, all operation in this both sectors cannot be operated especially during covid 19. One of the best solutions is to hire the local youth to work in oil palm plantation and retain them to work in this sector. This study was done in order to analyse the pull or push factors in constructing a particular pattern of participation among the local's youth which by using Probit model which were working in oil palm plantation. A survey method through questionnaire was used to collect data from 942 of local youths between 16 years to 40 years old as focused respondents which were selected using random sampling method. The results showed the probability the local's youth to work in the plantation sector influence by demographic factors and job satisfaction. From this result can attract the local's youth which was not working in oil palm plantation to substitute foreign labour in plantation. © 2021 Author(s).
种植部门,特别是油棕商品,目前是马来西亚经济预测中最大的农业基础,涉及上游和下游活动。由于棕榈油行业的迅速扩张,该行业对劳动力的需求很高。由于这一行业的命运岌岌可危,招聘外国劳工是摆脱这种困境的唯一途径。因此,该行业超过78%的劳动力主要来自印度尼西亚、孟加拉国和菲律宾。马来西亚已经成为外国劳工在这个国家工作的主要关注点,因为工资更具竞争力和创造性的工作条件,特别是在种植园部门,与他们的原籍国相比,提供了合适的住宿。现在迫在眉睫的问题是种植园和农业部门过度依赖外国劳动力。因此,这两个部门的所有业务都无法运营,特别是在2019冠状病毒病期间。最好的解决方案之一是雇用当地的年轻人在油棕种植园工作,并让他们留在这个部门工作。本研究利用Probit模型,分析了在油棕种植园工作的当地青年中构建特定参与模式的拉动或推动因素。采用问卷调查的方法,以随机抽样的方式抽取942名16岁至40岁的本地青年作为重点调查对象。结果表明,人口因素和工作满意度对当地青年在种植园部门工作的概率有影响。由此可以吸引当地没有在油棕种植园工作的青年来替代种植园的外籍劳动力。©2021作者。
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引用次数: 0
Overview of psychological well-being among Malaysian society during Covid-19 outbreak 2019冠状病毒病疫情期间马来西亚社会心理健康概况
S. Mariam, Noraini Saro
Covid-19 pandemic has caused havoc worldwide. Malaysia is also going through a challenging situation, as the number of infected/positive cases is increasing day by day. The Government of Malaysia enforced a Movement Control Order starting on March 18, 2020 to break the chain of COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has far-reaching effects on the psychological well-being of individuals in society. This article uses secondary data such as journals, newspapers, websites, and government records. The objective of this article mainly focused on the psychology effects among Malaysian society during the COVID-19 outbreak. This discovery shows that pandemic COVID-19 leads to several psychological effects on Malaysian society, such as anxiety, stress, depression and others. This article also shows the efforts of the government to ensure the psychological well-being of Malaysian society.
新冠肺炎大流行在世界范围内造成了严重破坏。马来西亚也在经历一种具有挑战性的情况,因为感染/阳性病例的数量每天都在增加。马来西亚政府为打破新冠病毒链,从3月18日起实施了行动管制令。2019冠状病毒病大流行对社会个人的心理健康产生了深远影响。本文使用二手数据,如期刊、报纸、网站和政府记录。本文的目的主要集中在2019冠状病毒病爆发期间马来西亚社会的心理影响。这一发现表明,COVID-19大流行对马来西亚社会造成了一些心理影响,如焦虑、压力、抑郁等。这篇文章也展示了政府为确保马来西亚社会的心理健康所做的努力。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of environmental impact on improved smart speaker design using design for manufacturing (DFM) approach 采用面向制造的设计(DFM)方法研究改进智能扬声器设计对环境的影响
M. S. Effendi, Z. Shayfull, H. Radhwan, S. Ahmad, Muhammad Helmi Abdul Wahab, Muhammad Abu Dzar Al-Ghifari Hisham, Siti Nurul Fatihah Munirah Abdullah
This research focuses on the environmental impact assessment and DFMA using CAD software tools. In terms of force, durability, and environmental degradation, it analysed the whole assembly’s contents, taking account of carbon emissions, energy usage, air acidification and water eutrophication. Sustainable value engineering product development framework, using life cycle techniques combined with methods of sustainable value modelling and analytics. A theory of sustainable value was developed based on the meanings of the importance for community, society and the environment. Sometimes, traditional manufacturing is ignored for the possible gain (e.g. reduction of materials and improved product qualities). The inspired design of the industry creates new technologies, lean management and quality techniques advocate optimising productivity instead of re-designing for less usage of resources, improved functionality and less effect on the environment.
本研究着重于利用CAD软件工具进行环境影响评价和DFMA。考虑到碳排放、能源使用、空气酸化和水富营养化等因素,从受力、耐用性和环境退化的角度分析了整个组件的内容。可持续价值工程产品开发框架,使用生命周期技术与可持续价值建模和分析方法相结合。可持续价值理论是基于对社区、社会和环境重要性的意义而发展起来的。有时,为了可能的收益(例如,减少材料和提高产品质量)而忽略传统制造。该行业的灵感设计创造了新技术,精益管理和质量技术提倡优化生产力,而不是重新设计以减少资源使用,改善功能和减少对环境的影响。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19: Masjid-youth engagement initiatives and communication barriers 2019冠状病毒病:清真寺-青年参与倡议和沟通障碍
M. A. Mahat, N. A. Kedin, J. M. Salleh, M. Omar
Masjid is regarded as one of the most important institutions in Islam. During the post-Hijra phase of Muslim community in Madinah, masjid has been established as the centre for the ummah which significantly contributed to the arisen of Muslim civilitation in the past. Nowadays, most masjid however seem to have narrowed down its function for merely worshipping purposes. Notably, this institution is facing challenges to engage the whole segment of the society particularly Muslim youth, the failure of which would jeopadize the effort to instil the necessary Muslim characters and values in them. Covid-19 pandemic which had started in the first quarter of the year 2020 has further worsen the situation. If this problem persists, the future of masjid as the basic foundation of the ummah is threatened, uncertain and will continue to be less relevant in a community. The primary objective of this study is to analyse the initiatives taken in engaging Muslim youth with masjid before and during Covid-19 pandemic. A online survey was distributed to Muslim youth nationwide and a total of 556 responses were received and analysed. This study found that the initiatives taken to engage Muslim youth with masjid before and during Covid-19 pandemic are barely sufficient and need further improvement. A possibility of serious communication gap between masjid and the Muslim youth was also highlighted. This is the first large scale study on Covid-19 and its implications on the engagement of Muslim youth with masjid. The findings are regarded as relevant and beneficial to all relevant parties particularly the State Religious Authorities in their effort to improve the engagement of Muslim youth with masjid as well as to revive masjid as a prominent institution in the Muslim community in Malaysia.
清真寺被认为是伊斯兰教最重要的机构之一。在麦地那穆斯林社区的后hijra阶段,清真寺被建立为乌玛的中心,这对过去穆斯林文明的兴起作出了重大贡献。然而如今,大多数清真寺似乎已经缩小了其功能,仅仅是为了做礼拜。值得注意的是,这一机构正面临着与社会各阶层特别是穆斯林青年接触的挑战,这方面的失败将危及向他们灌输必要的穆斯林性格和价值观的努力。从2020年第一季度开始的新冠肺炎大流行进一步恶化了局势。如果这一问题继续存在,清真寺作为乌玛的基本基础的未来将受到威胁和不确定,并且在社区中的重要性将继续下降。本研究的主要目的是分析在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前和期间为吸引穆斯林青年参与清真寺活动而采取的举措。一项针对全国穆斯林青年的在线调查共收到并分析了556份回复。这项研究发现,在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前和期间,为让穆斯林青年参与清真寺活动所采取的举措还远远不够,需要进一步改进。清真寺和穆斯林青年之间可能存在严重的沟通鸿沟。这是关于新冠肺炎及其对穆斯林青年参与清真寺活动的影响的首次大规模研究。调查结果被认为是相关的,有利于所有有关方面,特别是国家宗教当局努力改善穆斯林青年与清真寺的接触,并使清真寺重新成为马来西亚穆斯林社区的一个重要机构。
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引用次数: 0
Does financial support improve the well-being of the elderly? 财政支持能改善老年人的福祉吗?
S. M. Fadzil, I. Osman, S. Ismail, M. J. M. Hashim, M. R. Khamis
The increase in the aging population in the ages of above 60 years old has given huge impact on the socioeconomic, growth and human development of a country. Meanwhile, poor well-being initiatives in a nation contribute more on neglect of elderly welfare, and mental and physical abuse affecting better life quality and satisfaction. Approximately 703 million persons aged 65 years old in the world in year 2019, and it is projected to double to 1.5 billion in 2050. Millions of senior citizens are exposed to two main problems, physical and mental health, and financial capacity. Financial poverty, particularly, is the core in an ageing society due to lack of regular income, the death of a spouse, mounting medical bills, and poor planning for retirement among elderly people. Thus, the main aim of this article is to review the role of financial support in improving elderly well-being. The main implication of this article reacts to government authorities in planning and providing initiatives or assistance for the elderly financially. Therefore, proper welfare, policy and legal services for the elderly require a deeper understanding of the relationship between the individual characteristics of adults and preferred financial components to improve elderly well-being and life satisfaction. For future recommendations, studies through observations, interviews, and empirical investigations would provide evidence the real demand of financial support and its components towards improving elderly well-being.
60岁以上老年人口的增加对一个国家的社会经济、经济增长和人类发展产生了巨大的影响。与此同时,一个国家的贫困福利倡议更容易导致对老年人福利的忽视,以及影响更好的生活质量和满意度的精神和身体虐待。2019年,全球65岁老人约为7.03亿人,预计到2050年将翻一番,达到15亿人。数以百万计的老年人面临着两个主要问题:身心健康和经济能力。经济贫困是老龄化社会的核心问题,因为老年人缺乏固定收入、配偶去世、医疗费用不断增加、退休计划不佳。因此,本文的主要目的是回顾财政支持在改善老年人福祉中的作用。这篇文章的主要含义反应政府当局在规划和提供倡议或援助老年人的财政。因此,为老年人提供适当的福利、政策和法律服务,需要更深入地了解成年人的个体特征与偏好的金融成分之间的关系,以提高老年人的幸福感和生活满意度。对于未来的建议,通过观察、访谈和实证调查的研究将提供证据,证明财政支持的实际需求及其对改善老年人福祉的组成部分。
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引用次数: 1
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