Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_36_23
S. Chatorikar
{"title":"Daddy Issues: A Memoir – A Book Review","authors":"S. Chatorikar","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_36_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_36_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"8 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_38_23
Kodikuthiyel Vijayan Binumon, S. Ezhumalai, Navaneetham Janardhana, Prabhat Kumar Chand
Substance abuse is more prevalent in young adults, putting them at risk for chronic use and early onset of dependence on substances. A well-documented relationship exists between substance use and poor family functioning. Traditional family intervention approaches are time-consuming. To develop a brief family intervention for parents of young adults with substance use disorder. A qualitative research design was used. Extensive literature searches and key informant interviews (face to face) with young adults (n = 5), their parents (n = 5), and mental health professionals (n = 5) were conducted. The interviews were audio recorded. A thematic analysis was conducted using Braun and Clarke’s six-step approach, and intervention strategies were identified by examining the themes. In addition, experts were consulted to ensure the content validity of the BFI. The BFI program combines psychoeducation and behavioral techniques for parents. BFI involves seven sessions with parents, 45–60 min each, over one week. The BFI sessions consisted of (1) Engagement and Assessment, (2) Healthy Family Functioning, (3) Psychoeducation, (4) Relapse Prevention, (5) Communication Skill Training, (6) Problem-Solving Skill Training, and (7) Parental Monitoring and Supervision. Considering all stakeholders’ perspectives, the BFI manual for young adults with substance use disorder has been developed. However, additional research is required to evaluate its feasibility and effectiveness.
{"title":"Development and Validation of Brief Family Intervention for Young Adults with Substance Use Disorder: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Kodikuthiyel Vijayan Binumon, S. Ezhumalai, Navaneetham Janardhana, Prabhat Kumar Chand","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_38_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_38_23","url":null,"abstract":"Substance abuse is more prevalent in young adults, putting them at risk for chronic use and early onset of dependence on substances. A well-documented relationship exists between substance use and poor family functioning. Traditional family intervention approaches are time-consuming. To develop a brief family intervention for parents of young adults with substance use disorder. A qualitative research design was used. Extensive literature searches and key informant interviews (face to face) with young adults (n = 5), their parents (n = 5), and mental health professionals (n = 5) were conducted. The interviews were audio recorded. A thematic analysis was conducted using Braun and Clarke’s six-step approach, and intervention strategies were identified by examining the themes. In addition, experts were consulted to ensure the content validity of the BFI. The BFI program combines psychoeducation and behavioral techniques for parents. BFI involves seven sessions with parents, 45–60 min each, over one week. The BFI sessions consisted of (1) Engagement and Assessment, (2) Healthy Family Functioning, (3) Psychoeducation, (4) Relapse Prevention, (5) Communication Skill Training, (6) Problem-Solving Skill Training, and (7) Parental Monitoring and Supervision. Considering all stakeholders’ perspectives, the BFI manual for young adults with substance use disorder has been developed. However, additional research is required to evaluate its feasibility and effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":" 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_27_23
Ashvin Varadharajan, T. Issac
{"title":"Brexpiprazole – Banishing Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia","authors":"Ashvin Varadharajan, T. Issac","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_27_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_27_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Internet addiction (IA) is a rising issue, particularly among university students. The presence of comorbid psychiatric distress can worsen the impact of IA on academic and social functioning. Alexithymia, difficulty recognizing and expressing emotions may play a role in this relationship. This study aimed to assess the severity and association of IA, psychological distress, and alexithymia among undergraduate medical students in India. This was a cross-sectional study of 380 undergraduate medical students following convenience sampling, studying in Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (MMCRI), Mysuru. Sociodemographic details were collected, and participants completed the Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT-20), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-20. Descriptive statistics expressed as frequencies, means, and percentages. Qualitative data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to find out the association between two categorical variables. Spearman’s rank correlation test was used to find the correlation involving ordinal variables. Statistical significance was set at p<.05. About 45.7% were aged 18–20 years, male (58.4%), and from urban areas (54.2%). On IAT, 26.6% showed mild addiction, 11.6% had moderate addiction, and 1.3% had severe dependence. Psychological distress with 42.1% experienced depression, 42.4% anxiety, and 20.0% stress symptoms. In addition, 25.0% were classified as alexithymia. Significant correlations were found between grades of depression, anxiety, stress, and alexithymia with gender, residence, psychiatric illness in family, substance, and Internet use. The study population revealed a high prevalence of IA and psychiatric distress among undergraduate medical students. These findings highlight the need for interventions and support services targeting IA and related psychological distress among medical students.
{"title":"Internet Addiction among Undergraduate Medical Students and Its Relationship with Alexithymia, Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in an Indian Medical College: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Suhas Bhargav Achatapalli Venkata Rao, Sanjana Ramanath Kangil, Narendra Kumar Muthugaduru Shivarudrappa","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_33_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_33_23","url":null,"abstract":"Internet addiction (IA) is a rising issue, particularly among university students. The presence of comorbid psychiatric distress can worsen the impact of IA on academic and social functioning. Alexithymia, difficulty recognizing and expressing emotions may play a role in this relationship. This study aimed to assess the severity and association of IA, psychological distress, and alexithymia among undergraduate medical students in India. This was a cross-sectional study of 380 undergraduate medical students following convenience sampling, studying in Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (MMCRI), Mysuru. Sociodemographic details were collected, and participants completed the Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT-20), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-20. Descriptive statistics expressed as frequencies, means, and percentages. Qualitative data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to find out the association between two categorical variables. Spearman’s rank correlation test was used to find the correlation involving ordinal variables. Statistical significance was set at p<.05. About 45.7% were aged 18–20 years, male (58.4%), and from urban areas (54.2%). On IAT, 26.6% showed mild addiction, 11.6% had moderate addiction, and 1.3% had severe dependence. Psychological distress with 42.1% experienced depression, 42.4% anxiety, and 20.0% stress symptoms. In addition, 25.0% were classified as alexithymia. Significant correlations were found between grades of depression, anxiety, stress, and alexithymia with gender, residence, psychiatric illness in family, substance, and Internet use. The study population revealed a high prevalence of IA and psychiatric distress among undergraduate medical students. These findings highlight the need for interventions and support services targeting IA and related psychological distress among medical students.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":"122 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_40_23
Aishwarya Ghosh, Tejaswini Jagtap, T. Issac
A huge focus of research has been on the pharmacological trials to find drugs that work to stall the onset of age related cognitive decline and subsequent neurodegenerative disorders like dementia, but pharmacological interventions have not been able to help with cure and hence there has been a shift of focus to other nonpharmacological and behavioral interventions like physical activity (PA) along with the use of medications. There is moderate evidence supporting different forms of exercise for lowering the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. PA has positive effects on the global cognition of the elderly and helps maintain hippocampal volume. Aerobic exercise was found to be the most beneficial among different other forms of PA. Regular involvement in PA not only helps in the prevention and control of various diseases but also is increasingly recommended as a strategy to promote health and encourage the maintenance of functional capacity in the elderly. The main objective of this review is to discuss the effects of PA on brain health and cognitive functions of older adults from a psychophysiological perspective. Important underlying molecular mechanisms have also been discussed which would provide an idea of the biological basis of the same.
研究的一大重点是进行药物试验，以找到能够延缓与年龄有关的认知能力衰退和随后出现的神经退行性疾病（如痴呆症）的药物，但药物干预并不能帮助治愈疾病，因此研究重点已转移到其他非药物和行为干预上，如在使用药物的同时进行体育锻炼（PA）。有中等程度的证据支持不同形式的运动可降低认知能力下降和痴呆症的风险。体力活动对老年人的整体认知能力有积极影响，并有助于保持海马体的体积。在其他不同形式的运动锻炼中，有氧运动最有益。经常参加体育锻炼不仅有助于预防和控制各种疾病，而且越来越多地被推荐为促进老年人健康和鼓励老年人保持机能能力的一种策略。本综述的主要目的是从心理生理学的角度讨论 PA 对老年人大脑健康和认知功能的影响。此外，还讨论了重要的潜在分子机制，这将为了解其生物学基础提供思路。
{"title":"Cognitive Benefits of Physical Activity in the Elderly: A Narrative Review","authors":"Aishwarya Ghosh, Tejaswini Jagtap, T. Issac","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_40_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_40_23","url":null,"abstract":"A huge focus of research has been on the pharmacological trials to find drugs that work to stall the onset of age related cognitive decline and subsequent neurodegenerative disorders like dementia, but pharmacological interventions have not been able to help with cure and hence there has been a shift of focus to other nonpharmacological and behavioral interventions like physical activity (PA) along with the use of medications. There is moderate evidence supporting different forms of exercise for lowering the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. PA has positive effects on the global cognition of the elderly and helps maintain hippocampal volume. Aerobic exercise was found to be the most beneficial among different other forms of PA. Regular involvement in PA not only helps in the prevention and control of various diseases but also is increasingly recommended as a strategy to promote health and encourage the maintenance of functional capacity in the elderly. The main objective of this review is to discuss the effects of PA on brain health and cognitive functions of older adults from a psychophysiological perspective. Important underlying molecular mechanisms have also been discussed which would provide an idea of the biological basis of the same.","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_52_23
Manik Inder Singh Sethi, C. Kumar, S. Math
{"title":"The Vanguard of Psychiatry: Artificial Intelligence as a Catalyst for Change","authors":"Manik Inder Singh Sethi, C. Kumar, S. Math","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_52_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_52_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Everything, Everywhere, All at Once: A Cinematic Journey Exploring Mental Health Themes: From Existentialism to Nihilism and Everything in Between","authors":"S. Krishnamurthy, Ayushi Bhardwaj, Mohan Sunil Kumar, Nitya Dhruve, Satya Gopal","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_29_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_29_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_43_23
N. A. Uvais, A. M. A. U. Rahman
{"title":"Exploring the Latest Advances in Psychopharmacology: Highlights from the September 9 to 10, 2023, National CME","authors":"N. A. Uvais, A. M. A. U. Rahman","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_43_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_43_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_19_23
N. Manjunatha
{"title":"Is the United Kingdom’s National Health Service Encouraging Stigmatized, Discriminatory, Fragmented, and Expensive Specialist Psychiatric Care?","authors":"N. Manjunatha","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_19_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_19_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_12_23
Tanve Garg, V. Rawat
{"title":"Trihexyphenidyl Use Disorder and Withdrawal Syndrome","authors":"Tanve Garg, V. Rawat","doi":"10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_12_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_12_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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