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Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum最新文献

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Are there any learnings from the faith healers' approach? 从信仰治疗师的方法中学到了什么?
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_38_22
V. Harbishettar
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引用次数: 0
Telepsychiatry-Based on-consultation training: Acceptability and feasibility from primary care doctors and psychiatrists 基于远程精神病学的咨询培训:初级保健医生和精神科医生的可接受性和可行性
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_31_22
Apurva Mittal, H. Suchandra, P. Nirisha, H. Shashidhara, Puttaswamy Ashwath, Rajani Parthasarathy, N. Manjunatha, C. Kumar, S. Math
Background: There is a gross mismatch between the available psychiatry services and the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in our country, leading to a large treatment gap. Integrating mental health into primary care through innovative methods to combat the same is imperative. The traditional classroom training fails to translate into adequate clinical skills, which led to the design and development of the Telepsychiatry-based On-Consultation Training (Tele-OCT) method for Primary Care Doctors (PCDs). This paper assesses this model's ease, feasibility, advocacy, and acceptability. Methodology: This study was conducted in the Mandya district of Karnataka, 100 km southwest of the training hub. The institutional ethical committee approved the study. Tele-OCT was conducted with a pair of PCDs in each session at the Spoke side, tagged with a tele-psychiatrist at Hub center. Patients were randomly selected from their general outpatient clinic for video live streaming screening, diagnosing, and managing mental illnesses. After the training, trainees and trainers filled out their respective online feedback forms created to assess the levels of acceptability and technical feasibility of the Tele-OCT program. A total of 27 PCDs and seven psychiatrists completed their separate feedback forms. Results: The mean age of the PCDs and psychiatrists was 37.67 ± 9.46 years and 31.63 ± 4.66 years, respectively. The majority of the participants were male. The PCDs reported the audiovisual clarity and comfort of using the technology as easy. They preferred the one-to-one technology-based sessions over traditional classroom training, with a high recommendation to their colleagues. The psychiatrists also quickly chose continuous handholding and technology-based learning at the primary care level. However, tele-psychiatrists rated rapport levels with patients the least compared to other domains. Conclusion: Despite a few internet connectivity-related hurdles, the acceptability and feasibility of Tele-OCT are high among trainees PCDs and trainer tele-psychiatrists. This Tele-OCT method of training PCDs by a tele-psychiatrist on a virtual platform may help overcome hurdles in human resources development, decentralize expertise in mental health and successful integration of mental health in primary health care and reduce the treatment gap.
背景:在我国,现有精神病学服务与精神疾病患病率之间存在严重的不匹配,导致了巨大的治疗缺口。必须通过创新的方法将精神卫生纳入初级保健,以对抗同样的问题。传统的课堂培训无法转化为足够的临床技能,这导致了初级保健医生(PCDs)基于远程精神病学的咨询培训(Tele-OCT)方法的设计和开发。本文评估了该模型的易用性、可行性、倡导性和可接受性。方法:本研究在培训中心西南100公里处的卡纳塔克邦Mandya区进行。机构伦理委员会批准了这项研究。远程oct在Spoke侧的每个会话中使用一对pcd进行,并在Hub中心标记远程精神病学家。从普通门诊随机选择患者进行视频直播筛查、诊断和管理精神疾病。培训结束后,学员和培训师填写了各自的在线反馈表格,以评估远程oct项目的可接受程度和技术可行性。共有27名pcd和7名精神病医生填写了各自的反馈表格。结果:两组患者的平均年龄分别为37.67±9.46岁和31.63±4.66岁。大多数参与者是男性。PCDs报告了使用该技术的视听清晰度和舒适性。与传统的课堂培训相比,他们更喜欢一对一的基于技术的课程,并强烈推荐给同事。精神科医生也很快在初级保健水平上选择了持续的指导和基于技术的学习。然而,与其他领域相比,远程精神科医生对患者的融洽程度评价最低。结论:尽管存在一些与网络连接相关的障碍,但远程oct的可接受性和可行性在pcd培训生和远程精神科培训师中较高。这种由远程精神病医生在虚拟平台上培训慢性疾病患者的远程oct方法可能有助于克服人力资源开发方面的障碍,分散精神卫生专业知识,成功地将精神卫生纳入初级卫生保健,并缩小治疗差距。
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引用次数: 0
Relapse enrichment program: An innovative, brief, pragmatic, low-cost, educational intervention for distress-free and shortest relapses in alcohol dependence 复吸强化计划:一个创新的,简短的,实用的,低成本的,教育干预的痛苦和最短的酒精依赖复发
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_17_21
N. Manjunatha
The current practice of managing the relapses of alcohol dependence with available options is distressful for patients and their families and leading therapeutic nihilism among treating physicians. There are two current realities about substance addiction: first, relapses are the rule rather than the exception, and second, there is a need for four to six relapses/abstinence attempts for the complete recovery of most patients. Considering these realities, the author proposes an innovative, brief, low-cost, educational intervention called a relapse enrichment program (REP), which can be used routinely in busy clinical practice. The crux of REP is enriching patients and their families about the two realities mentioned above of alcohol dependence to aim for distress-free and shortest possible relapses toward complete recovery from alcohol dependence. This proposed REP needs further extensive research in the Indian context.
目前用现有的选择来管理酒精依赖复发的做法对病人和他们的家人来说是痛苦的,并导致治疗医生的治疗虚无主义。目前有两个关于物质成瘾的现实:第一,复发是规律而不是例外,第二,大多数患者需要四到六次复发/戒断尝试才能完全康复。考虑到这些现实情况,作者提出了一种创新的、简短的、低成本的教育干预措施,称为复发富集计划(REP),可在繁忙的临床实践中常规使用。REP的关键是让患者和他们的家人了解上述酒精依赖的两个现实,以无痛苦和尽可能短的复发为目标,从酒精依赖中完全恢复。这一提议需要在印度背景下进行进一步广泛的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Electronic medical records – A review of cost-effectiveness, efficiency, quality of care, and usability 电子医疗记录——对成本效益、效率、护理质量和可用性的审查
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_17_22
Balaji Gopidasan, S. Amanullah, A. Adebowale
Electronic medical records (EMRs), as they are more popularly known, are rapidly being accepted globally to ensure timely access to notes and a safer and quicker way to transfer information. It is an efficient way of delivering patient care. However, existing literature needs to be interpreted objectively, keeping in mind its many drawbacks. Different countries have different needs and health-care delivery models. Due to this, EMR systems vary worldwide. With giant strides being made every day in the use of software for various fields, the medical field has had to adapt to changes rapidly. The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed this to even greater levels of adaption. This article extensively reviews the existing literature on its usability and key areas that one needs to pay attention to. Key areas considered in this review include cost-effectiveness, efficiency, quality improvement, and usability. The cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and usability may depend on the design and implementation of the EMR. EMR can improve the quality of documentation. The workflow becomes inefficient when both EMR and paper documentation are simultaneously used. Usability scores improve if end users are involved in the early stages of designing and implementing EMR.
众所周知,电子医疗记录(emr)正在全球范围内迅速被接受,以确保及时访问记录,并以更安全、更快捷的方式传递信息。这是一种提供病人护理的有效方式。然而,现有的文献需要客观地解释,记住它的许多缺点。不同的国家有不同的需求和提供保健服务的模式。因此,世界各地的电子病历系统各不相同。随着软件在各个领域的应用日新月异,医疗领域不得不迅速适应变化。2019冠状病毒病大流行将这种适应推向了更高的水平。本文广泛地回顾了现有的关于其可用性和需要注意的关键领域的文献。本审查中考虑的关键领域包括成本效益、效率、质量改进和可用性。成本效益、效率和可用性可能取决于EMR的设计和实现。EMR可以提高文档的质量。当同时使用EMR和纸质文档时,工作流变得低效。如果终端用户参与了EMR设计和实现的早期阶段,可用性得分就会提高。
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引用次数: 0
Attitude toward Plagiarism among Postgraduate Students of a Medical Institute in South IndiaAttitude toward Plagiarism among Postgraduate Students of a Medical Institute in South India 南印度某医学院校研究生对抄袭的态度南印度某医学院校研究生对抄袭的态度
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_35_22
S. Kattimani, A. Kujur, Padmavathi Nagarajan, Zayapragassarazan Zayabalaradjane
Background: Academic integrity is an essential quality to uplift the standards of higher education and plagiarism destroys it. Aims: This study aimed to explore the attitude toward plagiarism (ATP) and its association with gender, hours of Internet use among postgraduate (PG) students in a tertiary care teaching and research institute in South India. Methods: PG students from different disciplines (N = 383) formed the study participants for cross-sectional study and we used the ATP questionnaire (ATP-Q) that consisted of 29 statements measuring three attitudinal factors: positive, negative attitude, and subjective norms. Participants were given pro forma to fill the ATP-Q and data collected immediately. Results: Female students formed 58.7% of the participants and 41% were in their 1st year of the course. Our study noted that only 19.58% had the attitude that seems to approve plagiarism. Their scores on the questionnaire fell in the low-score category of positive attitude factor, low-score category of subjective norms factor, and high-score category of negative attitude factor. We did not see any association between approving ATP (categorized as Yes or No) with gender or hours of Internet use. However, a significant proportion of students in the 3rd year had approving ATP compared to those in the preceding years (Chi-square (df), p: 18.05(2), < .001). Participants stated that increasing awareness and training on scientific writing skills as the most common ways to reduce plagiarism. Conclusion: Nearly one-fifth of PG students in the medical college seem to have attitude of approval of plagiarism, with majority having showed mixed ATP. Internet use and gender did not show any association with ATP. Increasing awareness and improving scientific literacy are suggested to minimize plagiarism among PG students in a medical institute.
背景:学术诚信是提高高等教育水平的必要素质,而剽窃破坏了它。目的:本研究旨在探讨南印度某高等教育教学研究机构研究生对抄袭的态度及其与性别、上网时间的关系。方法:以383名不同学科的研究生为研究对象,采用横断面研究方法,采用ATP问卷(ATP- q)进行问卷调查。ATP问卷由29个语句组成,测量积极态度、消极态度和主观规范三个态度因素。参与者被要求填写ATP-Q表格并立即收集数据。结果:女学生占58.7%,41%为大一学生。我们的研究指出,只有19.58%的人对剽窃持赞成态度。他们的问卷得分依次为积极态度因素低分、主观规范因素低分和消极态度因素高分。我们没有看到批准ATP(分类为“是”或“否”)与性别或互联网使用时间之间的任何关联。然而,与前几年相比,三年级学生的ATP认可比例显著(χ 2 (df), p: 18.05(2), < .001)。与会者表示,提高科学写作技巧的意识和培训是减少抄袭的最常见方法。结论:近五分之一的医学院校PG学生似乎对抄袭持认可态度,大部分表现为混合型ATP。网络使用和性别与ATP没有任何关联。建议提高科学意识,提高科学素养,以最大限度地减少医学院校研究生的抄袭。
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引用次数: 0
E-sanjeevani: A pathbreaking telemedicine initiativefrom India E-sanjeevani:印度开创性的远程医疗计划
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_8_21
S. Suhas, C. Kumar, S. Math, N. Manjunatha
COVID-19 is the most unprecedented challenging health-care crisis faced by our generation. The World Health Organization declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2020 and a pandemic on March 11, 2020, following which countries worldwide had to rapidly accommodate the health-care needs of the pandemic in an already overburdened health-care infrastructure. This has led to a demand for an alternative safe mode of health-care delivery for physical and mental illnesses barring emergencies. Telemedicine is the remote delivery of health-care using digital technology. Several countries adopted a virtual telemedicine platform to favor an alternate health-care delivery model, to provide care related to addressing the needs of the pandemic, and also to simultaneously ensure uninterrupted healthcare delivery for other illnesses. This paper highlights the growth and evolution of the e-Sanjeevani telemedicine service in India.
COVID-19是我们这一代人面临的最具挑战性的卫生保健危机。世界卫生组织于2020年1月30日宣布此次疫情为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件,并于2020年3月11日宣布为大流行,此后,世界各国不得不在已经负担过重的卫生保健基础设施中迅速满足大流行的卫生保健需求。这导致人们需要一种除紧急情况外的身体和精神疾病的替代安全保健提供模式。远程医疗是指利用数字技术远程提供保健服务。一些国家采用了虚拟远程医疗平台,以支持替代性保健服务模式,提供与应对大流行病需求相关的护理,同时确保不间断地为其他疾病提供保健服务。本文重点介绍了印度e-Sanjeevani远程医疗服务的发展和演变。
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引用次数: 0
Economic burden of nicotine dependence during COVID-19 COVID-19期间尼古丁依赖的经济负担
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_4_22
Jesu Dass, M. Kishor
Tobacco kills more than 8 million people globally every year. Tobacco adversely affects the individual and family, adding to the economic burden. More than 7 million deaths are directly related to nicotine use and around 1.2 million are due to passive smoking, which is exposure by nonsmokers. Tobacco smoking is a known risk factor for numerous physical health diseases particularly respiratory diseases and psychiatric conditions. COVID-19 pandemic has caused an additional burden on people's health and economic life across the world. There is hardly any data about the economic impact of tobacco use during the pandemic. Here, we report a case to estimate the economic cost of nicotine use during COVID-19 and treatment expenditure at tertiary care hospitals.
全球每年有800多万人死于烟草。烟草对个人和家庭产生不利影响,加重了经济负担。超过700万人的死亡与使用尼古丁直接相关,约120万人死于被动吸烟,即不吸烟者接触尼古丁。吸烟是许多身体健康疾病,特别是呼吸系统疾病和精神疾病的已知危险因素。新冠肺炎疫情给全球人民健康和经济生活带来了额外负担。在大流行期间,几乎没有关于烟草使用的经济影响的任何数据。在这里,我们报告了一个病例来估计COVID-19期间尼古丁使用的经济成本和三级保健医院的治疗支出。
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引用次数: 0
The good, bad, and ugly about netflix series “After life" netflix美剧《来世》的好、坏和丑
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_22_22
S. Suhas
After Life is a British dark comedy series streaming on Netflix, created by Ricky Gervais, that deals with the bitter reality of grief experience and its consequences upon a person and his environment, and realistic portrayal of caregiver burden in dementia. The series has several positives. There is, however, a dangerous portrayal of psychiatrists and their role in helping people in need. This subtle message may lead to persons with psychological distress not to seek help which may subsequently lead to potentially deleterious consequences. This calls for advocacy favoring responsible entertainment where the show makers could perhaps encourage persons in distress to seek help. This article aims to discuss the many positives and few negatives about the series and the complexity of grief and mourning through the eyes of a fictional middle-aged newspaper journalist.
《After Life》是由Ricky Gervais创作的一部在Netflix上播放的英国黑色喜剧,它讲述了悲伤经历的痛苦现实及其对个人和环境的影响,并真实地描绘了痴呆症患者的护理负担。这个系列有几个优点。然而,对精神科医生及其在帮助有需要的人方面的作用有一种危险的描述。这种微妙的信息可能导致有心理困扰的人不寻求帮助,从而可能导致潜在的有害后果。这就需要提倡负责任的娱乐,节目制作人也许可以鼓励处于困境中的人寻求帮助。本文旨在通过一个虚构的中年报纸记者的视角,讨论这部剧的许多积极因素和一些消极因素,以及悲伤和哀悼的复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
Coping with COVID-19: What can we learn from patanjali yoga sutras? 应对COVID-19:我们可以从帕坦伽利瑜伽经典中学到什么?
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_34_22
S. Bhide, Hemant Bhargav, S. Varambally, G. Desai
Patanjali Yoga Sutra (PYS) is considered as the most comprehensive compendium of human psychology from the ancient yoga perspective. The text fundamentally focuses on providing a systematic model for the application of yoga as a tool to reduce agitations of the mind (Chitta vritti nirodhaha). Apart from the systematic description of the eight limbs of yoga (Ashtanga Yoga), the text also provides several useful psychological concepts and mind-body techniques to overcome grief, suffering, and pain. These techniques may serve as useful coping strategies as an add-on to conventional psychotherapy in facing the challenge of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The current paper provides the details of these techniques and calls for more research in future to explore the psychotherapeutic potential of PYS.
《帕坦伽利瑜伽经》(PYS)被认为是古代瑜伽观点中最全面的人类心理纲要。文本基本上侧重于提供一个系统的模型,应用瑜伽作为一种工具,以减少心灵的躁动(Chitta vritti nirodhaha)。除了系统地描述瑜伽的八支瑜伽(阿斯汤加瑜伽),这本书还提供了一些有用的心理学概念和身心技巧来克服悲伤、苦难和痛苦。面对持续的COVID-19大流行的挑战,这些技术可以作为传统心理治疗的补充,作为有用的应对策略。本文提供了这些技术的细节,并呼吁未来进行更多的研究,以探索PYS的心理治疗潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Inhalant Abuse in Adolescents in North Karnataka: A Case Series 北卡纳塔克邦青少年吸入剂滥用:一个案例系列
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_1_22
R. Patil, Meghamala S. Tavaragi, C. Sushma
The vulnerable adolescent population frequently struggle with psychoactive inhalant abuse, having experimented with inhalant at some time during early childhood. Inhalant abuse is more prevalent among youth, especially from socially and economically backward communities, presenting with episodic waxing and waning course. Inhalant use can result in physical and mental health issues namely, addiction to other substances, depression, memory disturbances, psychosis, suicidal thoughts, decreased learning, and physical conditions such as anemia, cardiac, pulmonary, and renal issues. This case series aims to raise awareness among the general public and medical professionals about the growing problem of inhalant addiction and the need for treatment in North Karnataka.
易受伤害的青少年群体经常与精神活性吸入剂滥用作斗争,他们在儿童早期的某个时候曾尝试过吸入剂。吸入剂滥用在青少年中更为普遍,特别是在社会和经济落后的社区,呈现出时断时续的盛衰过程。吸入剂的使用会导致身体和精神健康问题,即对其他物质上瘾、抑郁、记忆障碍、精神病、自杀念头、学习能力下降,以及贫血、心脏、肺部和肾脏问题等身体状况。本案例系列旨在提高公众和医疗专业人员对北卡纳塔克邦日益严重的吸入剂成瘾问题和治疗需求的认识。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum
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