Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632843
A. Salama, K. Quboa
In this paper, two fractal dipole antennas has been designed and optimized for passive RFID tags at 900 MHz, one based on the 3rd iteration of a modified Koch fractal curve and the other is based on the 3rd iteration of the proposed fractal curve. The designed fractal dipoles have been simulated using IE3D simulator based on Method of Moments (MOM). The simulation showed that the modified Koch fractal dipole has better radiation characteristics and longer read range than the proposed fractal dipole antenna. The two antennas are fabricated using PCB technology and examined in anechoic chamber. The experimental results showed a good agreement with the simulation. The effect of different materials attached to the fabricated antennas is examined.
{"title":"Fractal dipoles as meander line antennas for passive UHF RFID tags","authors":"A. Salama, K. Quboa","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632843","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, two fractal dipole antennas has been designed and optimized for passive RFID tags at 900 MHz, one based on the 3rd iteration of a modified Koch fractal curve and the other is based on the 3rd iteration of the proposed fractal curve. The designed fractal dipoles have been simulated using IE3D simulator based on Method of Moments (MOM). The simulation showed that the modified Koch fractal dipole has better radiation characteristics and longer read range than the proposed fractal dipole antenna. The two antennas are fabricated using PCB technology and examined in anechoic chamber. The experimental results showed a good agreement with the simulation. The effect of different materials attached to the fabricated antennas is examined.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126510597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632890
A. Elsayad
Image segmentation is the first step towards image analysis and image understanding. However, most image segmentation algorithms require a priori knowledge of the number of partitions in the image to be segmented. This paper introduces a novel method for completely unsupervised image segmentation by using wavelet analysis and fuzzy Gustafson-Kessel (GK) algorithm. The proposed algorithm needs no predefined number of partitions nor the number of textures in the image. The algorithm consists of feature extraction employs wavelet transform to decompose the image into different spectral components and build a feature vector for every pixel. These vectors are grouped together into clusters using the GK clustering algorithm. GK is less sensitive to fall into local minima and it has the power to generate clusters with different geometrical shapes. The appropriate number of clusters, hence number of image segments, is determined to minimize the compactness and separation clustering validity measure. The algorithm is applied to segment artificial and real images where experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
{"title":"Completely unsupervised image segmentation using wavelet analysis and Gustafson-Kessel clustering","authors":"A. Elsayad","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632890","url":null,"abstract":"Image segmentation is the first step towards image analysis and image understanding. However, most image segmentation algorithms require a priori knowledge of the number of partitions in the image to be segmented. This paper introduces a novel method for completely unsupervised image segmentation by using wavelet analysis and fuzzy Gustafson-Kessel (GK) algorithm. The proposed algorithm needs no predefined number of partitions nor the number of textures in the image. The algorithm consists of feature extraction employs wavelet transform to decompose the image into different spectral components and build a feature vector for every pixel. These vectors are grouped together into clusters using the GK clustering algorithm. GK is less sensitive to fall into local minima and it has the power to generate clusters with different geometrical shapes. The appropriate number of clusters, hence number of image segments, is determined to minimize the compactness and separation clustering validity measure. The algorithm is applied to segment artificial and real images where experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134052890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632841
Mohammad Alkuran
This paper is about implementing a LINC amplifier utilizing DSP in a DAMPS wireless system. First, the theory behind LINC amplifiers is presented. Then the I-Q representation of signals is studied. Followed by a look at pi/4 QPSK schemes. Then, wepsilall show how to apply a LINC amplifier to a pi/4 QPSK modulation scheme in a digital environment, and give the equivalent RF circuit. The digital concerns related to that procedure are then studied. Finally, a prototype system will be presented. Computer simulation of this system and the proposed implementation are both presented.
{"title":"A LINC amplifier utilizing digital signal processing applied to a DAMPS system","authors":"Mohammad Alkuran","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632841","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is about implementing a LINC amplifier utilizing DSP in a DAMPS wireless system. First, the theory behind LINC amplifiers is presented. Then the I-Q representation of signals is studied. Followed by a look at pi/4 QPSK schemes. Then, wepsilall show how to apply a LINC amplifier to a pi/4 QPSK modulation scheme in a digital environment, and give the equivalent RF circuit. The digital concerns related to that procedure are then studied. Finally, a prototype system will be presented. Computer simulation of this system and the proposed implementation are both presented.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127503128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632817
F. Al-Naima, A. Ali, S. S. Mahdi
This paper shows an approach for ECG signal processing based on artificial neural networks ANN and transform domains (discrete wavelet transform DWT and Fourier transform FT). The neural networks NNs are introduced to solve different pattern recognition problems associated with ECG analysis. A Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network MLP-NN is used in the present work with Back Propagation BP algorithm to train the proposed network. The operation of a classification system based on DWT and FT was analyzed for diagnosing a set of real patterns (QRS interval of normal and MI disease) that were taken from many patients of MAC-1200 12 channel ECG system from two hospitals in Baghdad. An off-line method was then used for the extraction of ECG signals from ECG images papers by using special image processing techniques. The obtained accuracy for the WT-NN was 90%, whereas that for the FT-NN was 85%. The results showed WT-NN to be better for analyzing the nonstationary signals.
{"title":"Data acquisition for myocardial infarction classification based on wavelets and Neural Networks","authors":"F. Al-Naima, A. Ali, S. S. Mahdi","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632817","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows an approach for ECG signal processing based on artificial neural networks ANN and transform domains (discrete wavelet transform DWT and Fourier transform FT). The neural networks NNs are introduced to solve different pattern recognition problems associated with ECG analysis. A Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network MLP-NN is used in the present work with Back Propagation BP algorithm to train the proposed network. The operation of a classification system based on DWT and FT was analyzed for diagnosing a set of real patterns (QRS interval of normal and MI disease) that were taken from many patients of MAC-1200 12 channel ECG system from two hospitals in Baghdad. An off-line method was then used for the extraction of ECG signals from ECG images papers by using special image processing techniques. The obtained accuracy for the WT-NN was 90%, whereas that for the FT-NN was 85%. The results showed WT-NN to be better for analyzing the nonstationary signals.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121910469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632819
N. Rouha
This paper presents an attempt of modelling the treeing structures expanding in an insulating polymer. By assuming the treeing shapes to simple geometries and by considering the polymer /tree interface with or without charge, we establish a mathematical expression describing the dynamics of the propagation.This shows the relationship between the treeing length, the current and the loss factor and their dependency on many parameters such as the amplitude, the duration and the shape of the applied voltage, the frequency, the electrode geometry thickness of the polymer sample, the electrode gap and radius, the density of the polymer, the permittivities and conductivities of both polymer and tree.We also discuss the time- lag to breakdown. We have also led an experimental investigations which results allows us to validate those obtained by the mathematical model, and to show the correlation between the electrical tree propagation (length and time to breakdown) in the case of the different parameters considered.
{"title":"Trees growth-current and losses modelling in solid electrical insulations","authors":"N. Rouha","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632819","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an attempt of modelling the treeing structures expanding in an insulating polymer. By assuming the treeing shapes to simple geometries and by considering the polymer /tree interface with or without charge, we establish a mathematical expression describing the dynamics of the propagation.This shows the relationship between the treeing length, the current and the loss factor and their dependency on many parameters such as the amplitude, the duration and the shape of the applied voltage, the frequency, the electrode geometry thickness of the polymer sample, the electrode gap and radius, the density of the polymer, the permittivities and conductivities of both polymer and tree.We also discuss the time- lag to breakdown. We have also led an experimental investigations which results allows us to validate those obtained by the mathematical model, and to show the correlation between the electrical tree propagation (length and time to breakdown) in the case of the different parameters considered.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122484411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632786
M.M. Aznaveh, H. Mirzaei, E. Roshan, M. Saraee
This paper describes a new method for skin detection based on RGB vector space. Skin color has proven to be a useful cue for pre-process of face detection, localization and tracking. Image content filtering, content aware video compression and image color balancing applications can also benefit from automatic detection of skin in images. Numerous works for skin color segmentation and detection have been reported in the literature in the last few years. In this paper first few pixel based methods are presented and then vector calculations as an efficient approach for determination of skin area based on implicit mathematical model is proposed. In order to evaluate our method we performed an experimental study. Results obtained are very promising and shows important advantages over other techniques.
{"title":"A new and improves skin detection method using RGB vector space","authors":"M.M. Aznaveh, H. Mirzaei, E. Roshan, M. Saraee","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632786","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new method for skin detection based on RGB vector space. Skin color has proven to be a useful cue for pre-process of face detection, localization and tracking. Image content filtering, content aware video compression and image color balancing applications can also benefit from automatic detection of skin in images. Numerous works for skin color segmentation and detection have been reported in the literature in the last few years. In this paper first few pixel based methods are presented and then vector calculations as an efficient approach for determination of skin area based on implicit mathematical model is proposed. In order to evaluate our method we performed an experimental study. Results obtained are very promising and shows important advantages over other techniques.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122755077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632809
J. Dieulot, N. Aoun, M. Benrejeb, P. Borne
The analytical expression of a fuzzy controller has been studied when the output fuzzy membership functions are equally spaced and triangular or trapezoidal. The cases, when a fuzzy set of the output is extreme - with respect to the universe of discourse - or not extreme have been considered. When considering extreme sets, the controller can be approximated with a good precision by a second-degree polynomial and, in the contrary, by a first-degree polynomial. The modelling of the output by a second-degree multivariable polynomial has been shown to affect strongly the convergence rate, which is enlightened by an example for which the closed-loop stability is not exponential.
{"title":"Polynomial approximations and convergence rate of Mamdani fuzzzy controllers","authors":"J. Dieulot, N. Aoun, M. Benrejeb, P. Borne","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632809","url":null,"abstract":"The analytical expression of a fuzzy controller has been studied when the output fuzzy membership functions are equally spaced and triangular or trapezoidal. The cases, when a fuzzy set of the output is extreme - with respect to the universe of discourse - or not extreme have been considered. When considering extreme sets, the controller can be approximated with a good precision by a second-degree polynomial and, in the contrary, by a first-degree polynomial. The modelling of the output by a second-degree multivariable polynomial has been shown to affect strongly the convergence rate, which is enlightened by an example for which the closed-loop stability is not exponential.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121703763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632895
Fatiha Merazka
This paper presents a repetition based packet lost concealment (PLC) method for code excited linear prediction (CELP) based coders in packet networks. We perform a repetition of parameters of the last good frame to construct the missing of corrupted packet. Our approach consists in adding a muting factor, a random Jittering and bandwidth expansion. We applied this scheme to the standard ITU-T G729 standard speech coder for evaluation. Compared to the concealment method embedded in the ITU-G.729, each characteristic gives better performance in terms of average spectral distortion measure and enhanced modified bark spectral distortion tests (EMBSD), over the PLC embedded in the G729. we show that the repetition method outperform significantly the method implemented by the standard G729.
{"title":"Repetition-based packet lost concealment method for CELP-based coders in packet networks","authors":"Fatiha Merazka","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632895","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a repetition based packet lost concealment (PLC) method for code excited linear prediction (CELP) based coders in packet networks. We perform a repetition of parameters of the last good frame to construct the missing of corrupted packet. Our approach consists in adding a muting factor, a random Jittering and bandwidth expansion. We applied this scheme to the standard ITU-T G729 standard speech coder for evaluation. Compared to the concealment method embedded in the ITU-G.729, each characteristic gives better performance in terms of average spectral distortion measure and enhanced modified bark spectral distortion tests (EMBSD), over the PLC embedded in the G729. we show that the repetition method outperform significantly the method implemented by the standard G729.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124975885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632879
M. Mohamed, B. Safya, B. Zouhair
In this paper, a neural network controller is applied to control (suppress) chaotic behavior in a theoretical model of a third order phase locked loop (PLL). It is demonstrated that the neural network controller can successfully cause the phase error to behave in a desired way. The performance of the neural network control method is compared to that of previously used LTI filters showing hence, the efficiency of neural networks (NNspsila) based control.
{"title":"Neural networks based control of chaotic Phase-Locked Loop","authors":"M. Mohamed, B. Safya, B. Zouhair","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632879","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a neural network controller is applied to control (suppress) chaotic behavior in a theoretical model of a third order phase locked loop (PLL). It is demonstrated that the neural network controller can successfully cause the phase error to behave in a desired way. The performance of the neural network control method is compared to that of previously used LTI filters showing hence, the efficiency of neural networks (NNspsila) based control.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131720227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-20DOI: 10.1109/SSD.2008.4632845
M. Al-Taee, Hamzah S. AlZu'bi, M. Al-Din
This paper investigates stability of a drive system incorporating a high-field PM synchronous motor with the aim of identifying a real-time stability index by means of an algorithm based on the Lyapunov method. Results from computer simulation show that the first principal minor (MINR1) of the Lyapunov function has a distinct sign change in the region of interest. Such an important finding makes it possible to use MINR1 as a real-time stability index. A computer controller based on the computed stability index is therefore suggested to drive the system at power factors closer to unity (i.e., maximum efficiency), except if the constraints specified by MINR1 dictate otherwise.
{"title":"Stable and highly efficient operation of open-loop controlled PM synchronous motor drive","authors":"M. Al-Taee, Hamzah S. AlZu'bi, M. Al-Din","doi":"10.1109/SSD.2008.4632845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSD.2008.4632845","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates stability of a drive system incorporating a high-field PM synchronous motor with the aim of identifying a real-time stability index by means of an algorithm based on the Lyapunov method. Results from computer simulation show that the first principal minor (MINR1) of the Lyapunov function has a distinct sign change in the region of interest. Such an important finding makes it possible to use MINR1 as a real-time stability index. A computer controller based on the computed stability index is therefore suggested to drive the system at power factors closer to unity (i.e., maximum efficiency), except if the constraints specified by MINR1 dictate otherwise.","PeriodicalId":267264,"journal":{"name":"2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116628767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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