Pub Date : 2015-10-07DOI: 10.2174/1874155X01509010837
Ya-jun Wang, Huimin Yan, Z. Yin, Hao Zhang, Shiquan Wang
For dealing with cost control problems of material substitution in steel production process in make-to-order steel enterprise, we established the substitution rules of material substitution and built up the cost optimized controlling model for material substitution. The objective function of this model was to minimize the total cost of both stock and task lateness. We made use of Operations Research and Genetic Algorithm to solve this model. Finally, we also conducted the application research for the model and algorithm, and its promising future was revealed.
{"title":"Cost Control of Material Substitution in Steel Enterprise","authors":"Ya-jun Wang, Huimin Yan, Z. Yin, Hao Zhang, Shiquan Wang","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509010837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509010837","url":null,"abstract":"For dealing with cost control problems of material substitution in steel production process in make-to-order\u0000steel enterprise, we established the substitution rules of material substitution and built up the cost optimized controlling\u0000model for material substitution. The objective function of this model was to minimize the total cost of both stock and task\u0000lateness. We made use of Operations Research and Genetic Algorithm to solve this model. Finally, we also conducted the\u0000application research for the model and algorithm, and its promising future was revealed.","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116637487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-07DOI: 10.2174/1874155X01509010973
Junjiang Zhu, Lingsong He
In this paper, bear fault is automatically diagnosed by using pattern recognition. To improve the resolution of lower frequency part, we introduce scale factors to discrete wavelet composition (DWT). The modified DWT combined with high order cumulates are used for vibration signal feature extraction. Besides we use principle component analysis to reduce dimension of the feature data. This feature extraction method has a lower dimension and a higher resolution for lower frequency parts. Therefore it can not only reveal the characteristics of non-linear relationship between amounts of features, but also help to improve the speed and accuracy of classification. Finally neural network algorithm is used for fault classification. Result shows that our method can accurately and efficiently identify the type of bearing failures.
{"title":"Modified DWT for Feature Extraction of Bear Failure Vibration Signal","authors":"Junjiang Zhu, Lingsong He","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509010973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509010973","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, bear fault is automatically diagnosed by using pattern recognition. To improve the resolution of lower frequency part, we introduce scale factors to discrete wavelet composition (DWT). The modified DWT combined with high order cumulates are used for vibration signal feature extraction. Besides we use principle component analysis to reduce dimension of the feature data. This feature extraction method has a lower dimension and a higher resolution for lower frequency parts. Therefore it can not only reveal the characteristics of non-linear relationship between amounts of features, but also help to improve the speed and accuracy of classification. Finally neural network algorithm is used for fault classification. Result shows that our method can accurately and efficiently identify the type of bearing failures.","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115596858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-07DOI: 10.2174/1874155X01509010938
Linzhen Wu
Established a three-dimensional model of treadmill, structural diagram of mechanical transmission, structural optimization model and kinematic analysis model, derived the values of connecting rods were 0.425 m, 1.673 m and 0.662 m by solving the optimization model, did kinematic analysis for treadmill using this set of parameters and kinematic simulation software Motion, Given the simulation curve of angular displacement, angular velocity and angular acceleration of the main moving parts such as the connecting rods, pedals and handrail handles. The simulation curves indicate that when the rotation speed of the wheels is 10 r/min, the connecting rods, pedals and handrail handles move smoothly and change almost Sinusoidal; the displacement of handles ranges -700~200 mm, the speed ranges -400~400 mm/s, the acceleration ranges -400~500 mm/s2, the angular change of pedals is -5°~30°, the amplitude variation of angular velocity is <25°/s, the amplitude variation of angular acceleration is <28°/s2. The above mentioned provides some reference for quick optimization design of the treadmill.
{"title":"Research on the Optimization the Structural Parameters of MechanicalTreadmill","authors":"Linzhen Wu","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509010938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509010938","url":null,"abstract":"Established a three-dimensional model of treadmill, structural diagram of mechanical transmission, structural optimization model and kinematic analysis model, derived the values of connecting rods were 0.425 m, 1.673 m and 0.662 m by solving the optimization model, did kinematic analysis for treadmill using this set of parameters and kinematic simulation software Motion, Given the simulation curve of angular displacement, angular velocity and angular acceleration of the main moving parts such as the connecting rods, pedals and handrail handles. The simulation curves indicate that when the rotation speed of the wheels is 10 r/min, the connecting rods, pedals and handrail handles move smoothly and change almost Sinusoidal; the displacement of handles ranges -700~200 mm, the speed ranges -400~400 mm/s, the acceleration ranges -400~500 mm/s2, the angular change of pedals is -5°~30°, the amplitude variation of angular velocity is <25°/s, the amplitude variation of angular acceleration is <28°/s2. The above mentioned provides some reference for quick optimization design of the treadmill.","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130255201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-07DOI: 10.2174/1874155X01509010927
C. Peng, Haixin Sun, En Cheng
The radiated noise of ships involves strong low-frequency line spectrum, which is greatly related with the working states of auxiliary equipment and the rotation of propeller, and then regarded as the important basis in feature extraction of ships. Moreover, the stochastic resonance has special advantages in the extraction of weak signal. Aiming at the multi-frequency components in radiated noise of the ship with four-blade propeller, and the characteristic without adiabatic approximation assumption, a sweep-frequency stochastic resonance detection system is established in this paper. Meanwhile, a kind of detection method on multi-frequency signal with partitioning large parameters is proposed, in order to identify the components of low-frequency line spectrum in radiated noise of ship. The analysis and simulation results present that, under the strong noise background, the proposed method can still effectively detect the low-frequency line spectrum, which lays the solid foundation for the subsequent target recognition and speed estimation of the ship.
{"title":"Radiated Noise Measurement of Ships Based on Stochastic Resonance","authors":"C. Peng, Haixin Sun, En Cheng","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509010927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509010927","url":null,"abstract":"The radiated noise of ships involves strong low-frequency line spectrum, which is greatly related with the working states of auxiliary equipment and the rotation of propeller, and then regarded as the important basis in feature extraction of ships. Moreover, the stochastic resonance has special advantages in the extraction of weak signal. Aiming at the multi-frequency components in radiated noise of the ship with four-blade propeller, and the characteristic without adiabatic approximation assumption, a sweep-frequency stochastic resonance detection system is established in this paper. Meanwhile, a kind of detection method on multi-frequency signal with partitioning large parameters is proposed, in order to identify the components of low-frequency line spectrum in radiated noise of ship. The analysis and simulation results present that, under the strong noise background, the proposed method can still effectively detect the low-frequency line spectrum, which lays the solid foundation for the subsequent target recognition and speed estimation of the ship.","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117033916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The local head loss of tee could be calculated with the determination of local resistance coefficient by CFD simulation and test. Based on the mesh-independent feature identified, the flow field inner tee was numerically simulated by the standard k - e turbulent model and SIMPLEC algorithms, which has revealed the mainstream was obliged to turn to the opposite side of tee junction, and a rise in pressure drop between upstream and downstream was caused as a result. Furthermore, the frictional resistance coefficient was calculated for eliminating the frictional head loss of model, which decreased from 0.0207 to 0.0133 when the inlet velocity increased from 1 m/s to 12 m/s. Additionally, the local resistance coefficients of tee at flow conditions were attained, and the quadratic polynomial between the local resistance coefficient and flux ratio was presented due to the influence of branch on mainstream. Through the test, the simulation result has been compared and the effectiveness of simulation has been verified.
{"title":"Numerical Calculation of the Tee Local Resistance Coefficient","authors":"Qin Zhang, Manlai Zhang, ZhiHong Zhou, Shi-qing Wei","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509010876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509010876","url":null,"abstract":"The local head loss of tee could be calculated with the determination of local resistance coefficient by CFD simulation and test. Based on the mesh-independent feature identified, the flow field inner tee was numerically simulated by the standard k - e turbulent model and SIMPLEC algorithms, which has revealed the mainstream was obliged to turn to the opposite side of tee junction, and a rise in pressure drop between upstream and downstream was caused as a result. Furthermore, the frictional resistance coefficient was calculated for eliminating the frictional head loss of model, which decreased from 0.0207 to 0.0133 when the inlet velocity increased from 1 m/s to 12 m/s. Additionally, the local resistance coefficients of tee at flow conditions were attained, and the quadratic polynomial between the local resistance coefficient and flux ratio was presented due to the influence of branch on mainstream. Through the test, the simulation result has been compared and the effectiveness of simulation has been verified.","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114902636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-07DOI: 10.2174/1874155X01509011039
Hongjin Zhu, H. Fan, Feiyue Ye, Xiaorong Zhao
Vehicle shadow and superposition have a great influence on the accuracy of vehicles detection in traffic video. Many background models have been proposed and improved to deal with detection moving object. This paper presented a method which improves Gaussian mixture model to get adaptive background. The HSV color space was used to eliminate vehicle shadow, it was based on a computational colour space that makes use of our shadow model. Vehicle superposition elimination was discussed based on vehicle contour dilation and erosion method. Experiments were performed to verify that the proposed technique is effective for vehicle detection based traffic surveillance systems. Detection results showed that our approach was robust to widely different background and illuminations.
{"title":"Improving Vehicle Detection Accuracy Based on Vehicle Shadow andSuperposition Elimination","authors":"Hongjin Zhu, H. Fan, Feiyue Ye, Xiaorong Zhao","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509011039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509011039","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle shadow and superposition have a great influence on the accuracy of vehicles detection in traffic video. Many background models have been proposed and improved to deal with detection moving object. This paper presented a method which improves Gaussian mixture model to get adaptive background. The HSV color space was used to eliminate vehicle shadow, it was based on a computational colour space that makes use of our shadow model. Vehicle superposition elimination was discussed based on vehicle contour dilation and erosion method. Experiments were performed to verify that the proposed technique is effective for vehicle detection based traffic surveillance systems. Detection results showed that our approach was robust to widely different background and illuminations.","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133540110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-07DOI: 10.2174/1874155X01509011007
Mei Yi, J. Qu, Li Yan
A new airfoil design method for H type vertical axis wind turbine is introduced in the present study. A novel indicator is defined to evaluate vertical axis wind turbine aerodynamic performance at variable tip speed ratios and selected as the airfoil design objective. A mathematic model describing the relationship between airfoil design variables and objective is presented for direct airfoil design on the basis of regression design theory. The aerodynamic performance simulation is conducted by computational fluid dynamics approach validated by a wind tunnel test in the study. Based on the newly developed mathematic model, a new airfoil is designed for a given wind turbine model under constant wind speed of 8 m/s. Meanwhile, the comparison of aerodynamic performance for newly designed airfoil and existing vertical axis wind turbine airfoils is studied. It has been demonstrated that, by the novel indicator, the rotor aerodynamic performance at variable tip speed ratios with the newly designed airfoil is 6.78% higher than the one with NACA0015 which is the airfoil widely used in commercial H type vertical axis wind turbine.
{"title":"Airfoil Design for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Operating at Variable TipSpeed Ratios","authors":"Mei Yi, J. Qu, Li Yan","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509011007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509011007","url":null,"abstract":"A new airfoil design method for H type vertical axis wind turbine is introduced in the present study. A novel indicator is defined to evaluate vertical axis wind turbine aerodynamic performance at variable tip speed ratios and selected as the airfoil design objective. A mathematic model describing the relationship between airfoil design variables and objective is presented for direct airfoil design on the basis of regression design theory. The aerodynamic performance simulation is conducted by computational fluid dynamics approach validated by a wind tunnel test in the study. Based on the newly developed mathematic model, a new airfoil is designed for a given wind turbine model under constant wind speed of 8 m/s. Meanwhile, the comparison of aerodynamic performance for newly designed airfoil and existing vertical axis wind turbine airfoils is studied. It has been demonstrated that, by the novel indicator, the rotor aerodynamic performance at variable tip speed ratios with the newly designed airfoil is 6.78% higher than the one with NACA0015 which is the airfoil widely used in commercial H type vertical axis wind turbine.","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134049613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper utilizes self-designed time-varying boundary sound emission test system for rock stratum fracture to complete the sound emission orientation test upon the fracture of marble slab. A new method—image diagnosis and orientation method is proposed to locate fracture section. Sound emission signal Y Position and Events-X position distribution point diagram is utilized to determine the
{"title":"Acoustic Emission Location Experiment Research on Stope Roof BreakageBoundaries Time-Varying Process","authors":"Liang Zhong-Yu, Chen Zhan-qing, Gao Feng, Zhou Yu-xin","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509010797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509010797","url":null,"abstract":"This paper utilizes self-designed time-varying boundary sound emission test system for rock stratum fracture to complete the sound emission orientation test upon the fracture of marble slab. A new method—image diagnosis and orientation method is proposed to locate fracture section. Sound emission signal Y Position and Events-X position distribution point diagram is utilized to determine the","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121586151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-07DOI: 10.2174/1874155X01509010773
Ge Yun, Zhang Lixin, Han Dandan, Z. Hai-feng, Z. Xiang
The safflower collection device is an important service part of safflower harvesting device, the number of the air outlets and external structure of air collecting hood are the main factors influencing the effect of the flower’s petals harvesting and collection. However, the design of pneumatic safflower harvest device is based on experience, resulting in long the design cycle, thus increasing the cost of design. Combined with the advantages of computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT, and the internal flow field of safflower closed style cover flowers as the research object, this paper designed gas collecting hood structures with different number of outlets through the analysis of the airflow distribution and motion law. The result of numerical simulation of gas-collecting hood with trapezoidal cone shows higher air flow speed with no low velocity zone, and the distribution of flow field of safflower collected cover with trapezoid cone type is better than that of parabolic type structure. Based on result of simulation, improved the design of the external shape of flowers cover and designed trapezoid cone type to improve the internal airflow state, thus could achieve the goal of improving efficiency of picking and collecting and reduce energy consumption.
{"title":"Air Flow Simulation and Optimization for Negative Pressure Safflower Harvesting Device","authors":"Ge Yun, Zhang Lixin, Han Dandan, Z. Hai-feng, Z. Xiang","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509010773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509010773","url":null,"abstract":"The safflower collection device is an important service part of safflower harvesting device, the number of the air outlets and external structure of air collecting hood are the main factors influencing the effect of the flower’s petals harvesting and collection. However, the design of pneumatic safflower harvest device is based on experience, resulting in long the design cycle, thus increasing the cost of design. Combined with the advantages of computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT, and the internal flow field of safflower closed style cover flowers as the research object, this paper designed gas collecting hood structures with different number of outlets through the analysis of the airflow distribution and motion law. The result of numerical simulation of gas-collecting hood with trapezoidal cone shows higher air flow speed with no low velocity zone, and the distribution of flow field of safflower collected cover with trapezoid cone type is better than that of parabolic type structure. Based on result of simulation, improved the design of the external shape of flowers cover and designed trapezoid cone type to improve the internal airflow state, thus could achieve the goal of improving efficiency of picking and collecting and reduce energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131825927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-07DOI: 10.2174/1874155X01509010806
Huang Yue, Qin Gui He, Liu Tong, Sun Ning, Wang Xiao Dan
A moving vehicle may very likely run into accidents. The occurrence rate of accidents would be largely reduced if the driver were warned in advance, even only 0.5 s earlier. For a running vehicle, the driving route within short time before collision has the character of Markov. In this case, we only have to consider the coordinates of position within a short range, rather than the running status during the past long period. Within short period before collision, the driving route can be basically divided into two states: a straight line and a binomial curve. In this paper, we propose a mechanism for sending collision warning messages to running vehicles.
{"title":"Warning of Potential Collision for Vehicles","authors":"Huang Yue, Qin Gui He, Liu Tong, Sun Ning, Wang Xiao Dan","doi":"10.2174/1874155X01509010806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874155X01509010806","url":null,"abstract":"A moving vehicle may very likely run into accidents. The occurrence rate of accidents would be largely reduced if the driver were warned in advance, even only 0.5 s earlier. For a running vehicle, the driving route within short time before collision has the character of Markov. In this case, we only have to consider the coordinates of position within a short range, rather than the running status during the past long period. Within short period before collision, the driving route can be basically divided into two states: a straight line and a binomial curve. In this paper, we propose a mechanism for sending collision warning messages to running vehicles.","PeriodicalId":267392,"journal":{"name":"The Open Mechanical Engineering Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114542771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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