Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361402
Xiang Jin, Haibing Hu, Hongfei Wu, Xudong Ma
A multi-resonant converter is proposed by embedding a notch filter at secondary side in the conventional LLC converter for both high step-up and wide voltage range applications. Compared to LLC converter, the proposed converter can achieve wide voltage regulation within relatively narrow switching frequency range, and also the proposed resonant tank can effectively transfer both fundamental and third harmonics elements, resulting in high conversion efficiency. By moving the LC notch filter of the LCLCL converter to the secondary side, the proposed converter avoids the circulating currents at primary side flowing through LC notch filter, which benefits to reducing conduction losses. The operation principles and characteristics are analyzed in detail using first harmonic approximation. A 400W prototype with input voltage range from 25V to 50V was built, and experimental results show overall efficiency of the proposed converter is 1.5% higher than LCLCL converter, which indicates the feasibility of the proposed converter in high step-up and wide voltage range applications.
{"title":"A LLC resonant converter with a notch filter at secondary side for high step-up and wide voltage range applications","authors":"Xiang Jin, Haibing Hu, Hongfei Wu, Xudong Ma","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361402","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-resonant converter is proposed by embedding a notch filter at secondary side in the conventional LLC converter for both high step-up and wide voltage range applications. Compared to LLC converter, the proposed converter can achieve wide voltage regulation within relatively narrow switching frequency range, and also the proposed resonant tank can effectively transfer both fundamental and third harmonics elements, resulting in high conversion efficiency. By moving the LC notch filter of the LCLCL converter to the secondary side, the proposed converter avoids the circulating currents at primary side flowing through LC notch filter, which benefits to reducing conduction losses. The operation principles and characteristics are analyzed in detail using first harmonic approximation. A 400W prototype with input voltage range from 25V to 50V was built, and experimental results show overall efficiency of the proposed converter is 1.5% higher than LCLCL converter, which indicates the feasibility of the proposed converter in high step-up and wide voltage range applications.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126119464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361447
Seiya Tomatsu, Shota Kondo, M. Tomita, A. Matsumoto, M. Hasegawa, S. Doki, S. Kato
A flux model, which is capable of both MTPA (Maximum Torque Per Ampere) control and position sensorless control of IPMSMs (Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors), has been proposed. This paper proposes that the flux is estimated using the full-order observer. And a design method for the full-order observer is also proposed. The design method of the full-order observer that robust flux estimation become possible against the velocity estimation error, by solving γ-positive real problem and H∞ control problem. In this paper, the experimental result of the position sensorless control of IPMSMs shows that a proposed design method of the full-order observer is very useful.
{"title":"A design method of full-order flux observer for realization of both MTPA control and position sensorless control of IPMSM","authors":"Seiya Tomatsu, Shota Kondo, M. Tomita, A. Matsumoto, M. Hasegawa, S. Doki, S. Kato","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361447","url":null,"abstract":"A flux model, which is capable of both MTPA (Maximum Torque Per Ampere) control and position sensorless control of IPMSMs (Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors), has been proposed. This paper proposes that the flux is estimated using the full-order observer. And a design method for the full-order observer is also proposed. The design method of the full-order observer that robust flux estimation become possible against the velocity estimation error, by solving γ-positive real problem and H∞ control problem. In this paper, the experimental result of the position sensorless control of IPMSMs shows that a proposed design method of the full-order observer is very useful.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125069956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361465
K. Choi, Hee Hyuk Rho
Alternative energy harvesting method gained considerable attention for solar power generator when solar energy was weak or absent. Continuous energy harvesting method was attempted using piezoelectric elements to supplement deficiency in micro scale solar generator system. Impact based piezoelectric generator has been studied as an enabling technology for high efficiency electricity generator, and continuous electricity generation using continuous impact has been tried to increase efficiency by increasing impact duty cycle. Horizontal wind flow was converted to rotating motion, and multiple blades in rotating wheel triggered high impact to piezoelectric element using spring action with increased frequency. This energy harvesting mechanism with cascaded connection of piezoelectric elements showed possibility of supplying sufficient power to sustain micro power sensor system. Experiment with proposed continuous energy harvesting method using wind power as energy source showed possibility as an alternative energy harvesting method for micro scale solar generator.
{"title":"Continuous energy harvesting method using piezoelectric element","authors":"K. Choi, Hee Hyuk Rho","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361465","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative energy harvesting method gained considerable attention for solar power generator when solar energy was weak or absent. Continuous energy harvesting method was attempted using piezoelectric elements to supplement deficiency in micro scale solar generator system. Impact based piezoelectric generator has been studied as an enabling technology for high efficiency electricity generator, and continuous electricity generation using continuous impact has been tried to increase efficiency by increasing impact duty cycle. Horizontal wind flow was converted to rotating motion, and multiple blades in rotating wheel triggered high impact to piezoelectric element using spring action with increased frequency. This energy harvesting mechanism with cascaded connection of piezoelectric elements showed possibility of supplying sufficient power to sustain micro power sensor system. Experiment with proposed continuous energy harvesting method using wind power as energy source showed possibility as an alternative energy harvesting method for micro scale solar generator.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127123250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361449
Takuya Sugimura, M. Hasegawa, A. Matsumoto, M. Tomita
This paper proposes a new method for the advanced angle estimation of block-commutation controlled IPMSM with DC-bus current measurement. The block commutation drive for IPMSMs would be an attractive method to achieve both high efficiency and high power density drives. In this paper, the equivalent SPMSM mathematical model of IPMSMs including the principle of the reluctance torque development is employed to directly apply the block-commutation control to IPMSMs. In addition, this paper proposes the advanced-angle adjustment with three times measurements of DC-bus current, which makes it possible to utilize two torques of IPMSM effectively, that means to realize the maximum torque per RMS value of the phase current. Finally, some simulation shows the feasibility of the proposed method.
{"title":"Advanced-angle estimation of block commutation controlled IPMSM with DC-bus current measurement","authors":"Takuya Sugimura, M. Hasegawa, A. Matsumoto, M. Tomita","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361449","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new method for the advanced angle estimation of block-commutation controlled IPMSM with DC-bus current measurement. The block commutation drive for IPMSMs would be an attractive method to achieve both high efficiency and high power density drives. In this paper, the equivalent SPMSM mathematical model of IPMSMs including the principle of the reluctance torque development is employed to directly apply the block-commutation control to IPMSMs. In addition, this paper proposes the advanced-angle adjustment with three times measurements of DC-bus current, which makes it possible to utilize two torques of IPMSM effectively, that means to realize the maximum torque per RMS value of the phase current. Finally, some simulation shows the feasibility of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"246 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114657179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361391
C. Hua, Yi-Hsiung Fang
A switched capacitor charge equalizer with cancellation mechanism of alternating current for electric vehicles (EVs) is proposed in this paper. In the studies of charge equalization, the switched capacitor type equalizer is popular due to its small volume and low cost. However, the cycle life of batteries may be reduced since the alternating current flows into batteries when the charge equalization current is delivered via them. Hence, the cancellation mechanism of alternating current is used to reduce the alternating current. The circuit topology and operation analysis of the proposed charge equalizer are described. Finally, the simulation is provided to verify the performance of the proposed equalizer.
{"title":"A switched capacitor charge equalizer with cancellation mechanism of alternating current","authors":"C. Hua, Yi-Hsiung Fang","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361391","url":null,"abstract":"A switched capacitor charge equalizer with cancellation mechanism of alternating current for electric vehicles (EVs) is proposed in this paper. In the studies of charge equalization, the switched capacitor type equalizer is popular due to its small volume and low cost. However, the cycle life of batteries may be reduced since the alternating current flows into batteries when the charge equalization current is delivered via them. Hence, the cancellation mechanism of alternating current is used to reduce the alternating current. The circuit topology and operation analysis of the proposed charge equalizer are described. Finally, the simulation is provided to verify the performance of the proposed equalizer.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125526325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361603
A. Densmore, M. Hanif
Much effort has been made in recent years to accurately determine battery state-of-charge (SoC) and state-of-health (SoH). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is well-established for parameter identification; however EIS has traditionally been a laboratory procedure. With the recent prevalence of low-cost DSPs, it has become feasible to use EIS in online applications. This paper focuses on implementing EIS using a DC/DC converter topology commonly found in renewable energy applications. An AC ripple voltage is injected into the battery by modulating the PWM duty cycle, then the current and phase-shift response is analyzed to determine the frequency-dependent impedance. Voltage and current sensing devices have been developed so that the technique can be implemented on a TI F2833 DSP. EIS is performed at set intervals during entire charge cycles on test batteries in order to produce a data-driven model. Regression is performed using the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) neural-network algorithm. The derived model is then verified by predicting the SoC of a battery used as a test sample.
{"title":"Determining battery SoC using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and the Extreme Learning Machine","authors":"A. Densmore, M. Hanif","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361603","url":null,"abstract":"Much effort has been made in recent years to accurately determine battery state-of-charge (SoC) and state-of-health (SoH). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is well-established for parameter identification; however EIS has traditionally been a laboratory procedure. With the recent prevalence of low-cost DSPs, it has become feasible to use EIS in online applications. This paper focuses on implementing EIS using a DC/DC converter topology commonly found in renewable energy applications. An AC ripple voltage is injected into the battery by modulating the PWM duty cycle, then the current and phase-shift response is analyzed to determine the frequency-dependent impedance. Voltage and current sensing devices have been developed so that the technique can be implemented on a TI F2833 DSP. EIS is performed at set intervals during entire charge cycles on test batteries in order to produce a data-driven model. Regression is performed using the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) neural-network algorithm. The derived model is then verified by predicting the SoC of a battery used as a test sample.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"444 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133321641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361598
Zhixiang Ling, Hui Wang, Kun Yan, Zaoyi Sun
According to the characteristics of battery and ultra-capacitor in hybrid energy storage, a novel high-frequency magnetic coupled H bridge-double half bridge three-port BDC which applied in storage battery-ultra capacitor hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is proposed in this paper. Based on the simplified model of the converter, the steady-state model and power model are analyzed as well. Current decoupling control strategy for this new topology is also designed to overcome the problems of non-linear and the coupling between multi-input and multi-output of the three-port converter. Simulation model is built to verify the steady-state of this topology, the decoupling performance and the feasibility of the control strategy.
{"title":"A new three-port bidirectional DC/DC converter for hybrid energy storage","authors":"Zhixiang Ling, Hui Wang, Kun Yan, Zaoyi Sun","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361598","url":null,"abstract":"According to the characteristics of battery and ultra-capacitor in hybrid energy storage, a novel high-frequency magnetic coupled H bridge-double half bridge three-port BDC which applied in storage battery-ultra capacitor hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is proposed in this paper. Based on the simplified model of the converter, the steady-state model and power model are analyzed as well. Current decoupling control strategy for this new topology is also designed to overcome the problems of non-linear and the coupling between multi-input and multi-output of the three-port converter. Simulation model is built to verify the steady-state of this topology, the decoupling performance and the feasibility of the control strategy.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132031002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361383
Ching-Ming Lai, Yuan-Chih Lin, Yu-Jen Lin
The objective of this paper is to present a novel bidirectional dc/dc converter topology with a high voltage conversion ratio for electric vehicle (EV) batteries connected to dc-microgrid system. In this study, an unregulated level converter (ULC) cascaded with a two-phase interleaved buck-boost charge-pump converter is introduced to achieve a high conversion ratio with very simple control circuits. In discharge mode, the topology acts as a two-stage voltage-doubler boost converter to achieve high step-up conversion ratio (48V to 400V). In charge mode, the converter acts as two cascaded voltage-divider buck converters to achieve high voltage step-down conversion ratio (400V to 48V). The steady-state analysis and numerical simulation are made to verify the performance of the proposed newly constructed bidirectional converter.
{"title":"Newly-constructed bidirectional DC/DC converter topology with high voltage conversion ratio for vehicle to DC-microgrid (V2DCG) system","authors":"Ching-Ming Lai, Yuan-Chih Lin, Yu-Jen Lin","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361383","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to present a novel bidirectional dc/dc converter topology with a high voltage conversion ratio for electric vehicle (EV) batteries connected to dc-microgrid system. In this study, an unregulated level converter (ULC) cascaded with a two-phase interleaved buck-boost charge-pump converter is introduced to achieve a high conversion ratio with very simple control circuits. In discharge mode, the topology acts as a two-stage voltage-doubler boost converter to achieve high step-up conversion ratio (48V to 400V). In charge mode, the converter acts as two cascaded voltage-divider buck converters to achieve high voltage step-down conversion ratio (400V to 48V). The steady-state analysis and numerical simulation are made to verify the performance of the proposed newly constructed bidirectional converter.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132590759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361534
Chang-Pyo Hong, Hag-Wone Kim, Seung-Ju Lee
In this paper, voltage controller for seamless transition of grid connected inverter for ESS is proposed. Single phase inverter is operated as current controller when grid is connected and as voltage controller when grid is disconnected. The proposed voltage controller is operated in this stand-alone mode and has form of dual loop controller with voltage and current command feed-forward terms. In case of grid-recovery, the proposed controller can solve the problem of over-current which is flowing into the system by the reason of mismatch phase between inverter output and grid voltages. The phase delay problems by the low band-width of voltage controller and over current problem are solved by command feed-forward control, when grid voltage is restored. The effects of the control method were simulated through PSIM and the usefulness of the control method was verified through experiments.
{"title":"Stationary frame voltage controller of single-phase inverter for seamless transition","authors":"Chang-Pyo Hong, Hag-Wone Kim, Seung-Ju Lee","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361534","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, voltage controller for seamless transition of grid connected inverter for ESS is proposed. Single phase inverter is operated as current controller when grid is connected and as voltage controller when grid is disconnected. The proposed voltage controller is operated in this stand-alone mode and has form of dual loop controller with voltage and current command feed-forward terms. In case of grid-recovery, the proposed controller can solve the problem of over-current which is flowing into the system by the reason of mismatch phase between inverter output and grid voltages. The phase delay problems by the low band-width of voltage controller and over current problem are solved by command feed-forward control, when grid voltage is restored. The effects of the control method were simulated through PSIM and the usefulness of the control method was verified through experiments.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130782300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-21DOI: 10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361531
Jianjun Ma, Miao Zhu, Jianwen Zhang, X. Cai
A systematic control strategy for Non-inverting Buck-Boost converter based on equivalent duty ratio is presented in this paper. Extend-Buck mode and Extend-Boost mode are first derived as transition mode for least inductor current in constant frequency operation and are modified with consideration of parasitic elements. Equivalent duty cycle is introduced to switch among different working modes and to regulate output voltage during each mode. Gain-scheduling based controller is employed considering mode switching nonlinearity. Special benefits offered by this method are decreased inductor current and losses, continuous voltage conversion ratio and easy-implemented constant frequency operation without input voltage measurement.
{"title":"Improved asynchronous voltage regulation strategy of non-inverting Buck-Boost converter for renewable energy integration","authors":"Jianjun Ma, Miao Zhu, Jianwen Zhang, X. Cai","doi":"10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IFEEC.2015.7361531","url":null,"abstract":"A systematic control strategy for Non-inverting Buck-Boost converter based on equivalent duty ratio is presented in this paper. Extend-Buck mode and Extend-Boost mode are first derived as transition mode for least inductor current in constant frequency operation and are modified with consideration of parasitic elements. Equivalent duty cycle is introduced to switch among different working modes and to regulate output voltage during each mode. Gain-scheduling based controller is employed considering mode switching nonlinearity. Special benefits offered by this method are decreased inductor current and losses, continuous voltage conversion ratio and easy-implemented constant frequency operation without input voltage measurement.","PeriodicalId":268430,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE 2nd International Future Energy Electronics Conference (IFEEC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123610654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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