Yuwono Wiarco, S. Malkhamah, I. Muthohar, Luzile Mae Satur
Transportation is the backbone of development. It determines the economic growth of a country. Among any modes of transportation, railway is in need to be developed especially in the increasing of railway lines capacity in addition to the development of railway infrastructures, facilities, and the enhancement of rail operational. The determinant in rail operational is the stability in its operation. This stability can be seen by the punctuality of train arrival and departure, which is in accordance with the Graph Train Journey (Gapeka) and “delay” as the indicator. The study was conducted to determine the stability of railway operation and the delay of train travel as well as to identify the effect of the stability of railway operations to the capacity value of railway line. The study was conducted by collecting secondary data and conducting primary survey followed by data analysis. The results showed that the stability of rail operation for Kroya – Kutoarjo - Yogyakarta line was still low with an average delay of 15.60 minutes for double track and 21.68 minutes for single track. There was a decline in capacity when it was compared to the planned capacity or factual practical capacity at 22% on single track and 17% on double track. Further research on how to determine the cause of the instability of railway operation as input for the stability improvement would be needed in addition to the model or formulation to calculate line capacity in corresponding to the conditions in Indonesia.
{"title":"The Impact of Stability Factor of Train Operations to Railway Line Capacity (Kroya-Kutoarjo-Yogyakarta) Indonesia","authors":"Yuwono Wiarco, S. Malkhamah, I. Muthohar, Luzile Mae Satur","doi":"10.37367/jrtt.v1i2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Transportation is the backbone of development. It determines the economic growth of a country. Among any modes of transportation, railway is in need to be developed especially in the increasing of railway lines capacity in addition to the development of railway infrastructures, facilities, and the enhancement of rail operational. The determinant in rail operational is the stability in its operation. This stability can be seen by the punctuality of train arrival and departure, which is in accordance with the Graph Train Journey (Gapeka) and “delay” as the indicator. The study was conducted to determine the stability of railway operation and the delay of train travel as well as to identify the effect of the stability of railway operations to the capacity value of railway line. The study was conducted by collecting secondary data and conducting primary survey followed by data analysis. The results showed that the stability of rail operation for Kroya – Kutoarjo - Yogyakarta line was still low with an average delay of 15.60 minutes for double track and 21.68 minutes for single track. There was a decline in capacity when it was compared to the planned capacity or factual practical capacity at 22% on single track and 17% on double track. Further research on how to determine the cause of the instability of railway operation as input for the stability improvement would be needed in addition to the model or formulation to calculate line capacity in corresponding to the conditions in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":268981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125706522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Pradipta, S. Triwijaya, Willy Artha Wirawan, Febri Pandu Wijaya, P. Hamedani
In the topology of the DC traction substation there is a rectifier component which generally uses a 12 pulse rectifier type and the load is in the form of a trainset with a component in the form of a converter used for variable speed drives (VSD). The operation of the rectifier and the VSD converter load causes harmonics to appear on the AC input side, so anticipation needs to be done. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an assessment related to DC traction substations to obtain good electrical power quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the electric power quality parameters of DC railway traction using a 12 pulse rectifier and a VSD converter load. This research was conducted by simulating a DC railway traction model with a 12 pulse rectifier and knowing the comparison of the system power quality between the VSD converter load and the resistive load as the basic reference for the traction substation work system of this model. System modeling is done using PSIM software. The results of the simulation are the parameters of the stability of the voltage, current, and system harmonics.
{"title":"Harmonic Analysis of A DC Railway Traction with Uncontrolled 12 Pulse Rectifier","authors":"A. Pradipta, S. Triwijaya, Willy Artha Wirawan, Febri Pandu Wijaya, P. Hamedani","doi":"10.37367/jrtt.v1i2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i2.15","url":null,"abstract":"In the topology of the DC traction substation there is a rectifier component which generally uses a 12 pulse rectifier type and the load is in the form of a trainset with a component in the form of a converter used for variable speed drives (VSD). The operation of the rectifier and the VSD converter load causes harmonics to appear on the AC input side, so anticipation needs to be done. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an assessment related to DC traction substations to obtain good electrical power quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the electric power quality parameters of DC railway traction using a 12 pulse rectifier and a VSD converter load. This research was conducted by simulating a DC railway traction model with a 12 pulse rectifier and knowing the comparison of the system power quality between the VSD converter load and the resistive load as the basic reference for the traction substation work system of this model. System modeling is done using PSIM software. The results of the simulation are the parameters of the stability of the voltage, current, and system harmonics.","PeriodicalId":268981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122005863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanda Ahda Imron, D. Setiawan, Ali Oktavian Handoko, Erifendi Churniawan, Handoko Handoko, A. Iswanto
Constructing the elevated track at the Manggarai Railway Station has risk which potentially endangers the passengers’ safety due to its construction process is carried out within passengers’ activities around the railway station. This research aims to identify the hazard and risks, analyze the level and control the risk. Moreover, this study also aims to arrange the priority of serial alternative solutions regarding the handling the risk within the construction process of elevated track. This study used methods as follows: Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, And Risk Control (HIRARC) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In addition, data triangulation was also done by involving three respondents in keeping with to ensure the validity. The analysis of HIRARC generated 11 hazards and risks namely 6 are classified into extreme risks, 4 are rated high risk and 1 is categorized as medium risk. The method of AHP is used to analyze the alternative ways of handling the risks and to find out the priorities above some alternative ways of handling the risks. The sequence of the alternative ways of handling the risks based on the top priority is as follows: (1) first priority by applying the switch over 5, (2) second priority by adding the KLB feeder, (3) third priority by increasing the service facility.
{"title":"An Analysis of Passengers’ Safety Risk at the Infrastructure Improvement Project of Railway Station","authors":"Nanda Ahda Imron, D. Setiawan, Ali Oktavian Handoko, Erifendi Churniawan, Handoko Handoko, A. Iswanto","doi":"10.37367/jrtt.v1i2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Constructing the elevated track at the Manggarai Railway Station has risk which potentially endangers the passengers’ safety due to its construction process is carried out within passengers’ activities around the railway station. This research aims to identify the hazard and risks, analyze the level and control the risk. Moreover, this study also aims to arrange the priority of serial alternative solutions regarding the handling the risk within the construction process of elevated track. This study used methods as follows: Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, And Risk Control (HIRARC) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In addition, data triangulation was also done by involving three respondents in keeping with to ensure the validity. The analysis of HIRARC generated 11 hazards and risks namely 6 are classified into extreme risks, 4 are rated high risk and 1 is categorized as medium risk. The method of AHP is used to analyze the alternative ways of handling the risks and to find out the priorities above some alternative ways of handling the risks. The sequence of the alternative ways of handling the risks based on the top priority is as follows: (1) first priority by applying the switch over 5, (2) second priority by adding the KLB feeder, (3) third priority by increasing the service facility.","PeriodicalId":268981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122766144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the development of railroads, geosynthetics can be introduced in or under the stabilizer layer or sub ballast, foam mortar has become one of the trends in the construction sector in replacing the foundation layer as an excellent alternative. The researcher conducted a comparative analysis on railroad ballast by using a substitute for conventional railroad ballast material, namely granular material using mortar foam, conducting research on the stresses that occur and the value of the decrease that occurs in ballast using mortar foam. From the results of the analysis of this study, it was found that there was an increase in the ability of ballast with mortar foam material compared to granular material, the decrease in stress that occurred and a decrease in the deformation value in railroad construction gave an option to use conventional ballast substitutes.
{"title":"Behavior of Rail Ballast Layer Using Mortar Foam with LISA-FEA","authors":"Aco Wahyudi Efendi, Yahya Do, Natriya Faisal Rachman","doi":"10.37367/jrtt.v1i2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i2.8","url":null,"abstract":"In the development of railroads, geosynthetics can be introduced in or under the stabilizer layer or sub ballast, foam mortar has become one of the trends in the construction sector in replacing the foundation layer as an excellent alternative. The researcher conducted a comparative analysis on railroad ballast by using a substitute for conventional railroad ballast material, namely granular material using mortar foam, conducting research on the stresses that occur and the value of the decrease that occurs in ballast using mortar foam. From the results of the analysis of this study, it was found that there was an increase in the ability of ballast with mortar foam material compared to granular material, the decrease in stress that occurred and a decrease in the deformation value in railroad construction gave an option to use conventional ballast substitutes.","PeriodicalId":268981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology","volume":"54 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121003954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sunardi, Reyvaldy Raffli Bachtiar, Alcha Duta Septione, Niken Ayu Larasati, Dimas Adi Perwira, Feddy Setio Pribadi, M. Nurtanto, Tamil Selvan Subramaniam, Soedibyo
The development of charging technology in Autonomous Rapit Rail Transit (ART) vehicles uses a wireless power system by optimizing. The selection of the power transfer method uses an Inductive coupling of the LCCL model with a wide variation in the cross-section of the wire and the diameter of the fixed coil. Scenario testing by installing a power transfer system on ART facilities, testing is carried out on coil inductance, resonance coupling gap and power efficiency. Optimum power transfer is obtained on coils with a cross-sectional area of 1.5 mm / 6.13 μH and the highest power transfer efficiency of 40% at a distance of 0.5cm.
自主快速轨道交通(ART)车辆充电技术的发展采用了一种优化的无线充电系统。功率传输方法的选择采用电感耦合的LCCL模型，导线的横截面和固定线圈的直径变化很大。通过在ART设备上安装功率传输系统进行场景测试，对线圈电感、谐振耦合间隙和功率效率进行测试。当线圈的截面积为1.5 mm / 6.13 μH时，功率传输效果最佳，距离为0.5cm时功率传输效率最高，达到40%。
{"title":"Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit (ART) Prototype Concept Using Wireless Charging System with Electromagnetic Induction Coupling","authors":"S. Sunardi, Reyvaldy Raffli Bachtiar, Alcha Duta Septione, Niken Ayu Larasati, Dimas Adi Perwira, Feddy Setio Pribadi, M. Nurtanto, Tamil Selvan Subramaniam, Soedibyo","doi":"10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The development of charging technology in Autonomous Rapit Rail Transit (ART) vehicles uses a wireless power system by optimizing. The selection of the power transfer method uses an Inductive coupling of the LCCL model with a wide variation in the cross-section of the wire and the diameter of the fixed coil. Scenario testing by installing a power transfer system on ART facilities, testing is carried out on coil inductance, resonance coupling gap and power efficiency. Optimum power transfer is obtained on coils with a cross-sectional area of 1.5 mm / 6.13 μH and the highest power transfer efficiency of 40% at a distance of 0.5cm.","PeriodicalId":268981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114630919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A very important element of railway is the rail bearing, different types of rail bearings that we know in Indonesia are wooden rail bearings, concrete rail bearings. In this study, the stress behavior that occurs in the two types of railway bearings due to the load and the occurring temperature effect is to be checked. It was found that the stress occurring in bearings with different materials, namely concrete and wood, when the The nominal stress can be seen on the concrete bearing is 11.87 N/mm2, on the wooden material the bearing load is 10.41 N/mm2. As for the temperature effect, it looks similar to the temperature of 80 °C for each material, but it can be seen that the temperature effect spreads from the surface due to the friction between the railroad tracks and the railroad wheels.
{"title":"Behavior of railroad bearing due to temperature and load using LISA FEA","authors":"Aco Wahyudi Efendi","doi":"10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"A very important element of railway is the rail bearing, different types of rail bearings that we know in Indonesia are wooden rail bearings, concrete rail bearings. In this study, the stress behavior that occurs in the two types of railway bearings due to the load and the occurring temperature effect is to be checked. \u0000It was found that the stress occurring in bearings with different materials, namely concrete and wood, when the The nominal stress can be seen on the concrete bearing is 11.87 N/mm2, on the wooden material the bearing load is 10.41 N/mm2. As for the temperature effect, it looks similar to the temperature of 80 °C for each material, but it can be seen that the temperature effect spreads from the surface due to the friction between the railroad tracks and the railroad wheels.","PeriodicalId":268981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125147364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Rozaq, Nanda Ahda Imron, Rachmat Agil, M. Muchlisin
The Penataran Train is the train that has the highest passenger volume among the Local Economy Trains in East Java Province. The Penataran train is very much needed by people, but if the operational and management is not handled properly, it may affect on the effectiveness and efficiency of the transportation system as a whole. Operational performance assessment is needed to improve the services to users of the Penataran Train in the future. Operational performance was assessed on several aspects, including load factor, travel time, frequency, headway, and ticket prices. The purpose of this study was to analyze the operational performance and prices of the Penataran Train on Surabaya City – Blitar route. The results showed that the average load factor was 61% and met the standard of SE No. 24 of 2020. The average rate of the train arrival time of 99% was in accordance with the SIPOKA standard. In contrast, the average rate of departure time of 83% was not in accordance with the SIPOKA standard. The frequency of 8 trips per day with a headway of 198.75-202.25 minutes was not meet the standards in KM No. 22 of 2003. The point of intersection between the respondents' ATP and WTP was at a price following the ticket price stipulated in PM No. 21 of 2020, which was Rp10,001–Rp15,000
{"title":"Analysis Of Operational Performance And Price Of Penataran Train On Surabaya City – Blitar Route","authors":"F. Rozaq, Nanda Ahda Imron, Rachmat Agil, M. Muchlisin","doi":"10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The Penataran Train is the train that has the highest passenger volume among the Local Economy Trains in East Java Province. The Penataran train is very much needed by people, but if the operational and management is not handled properly, it may affect on the effectiveness and efficiency of the transportation system as a whole. Operational performance assessment is needed to improve the services to users of the Penataran Train in the future. Operational performance was assessed on several aspects, including load factor, travel time, frequency, headway, and ticket prices. The purpose of this study was to analyze the operational performance and prices of the Penataran Train on Surabaya City – Blitar route. The results showed that the average load factor was 61% and met the standard of SE No. 24 of 2020. The average rate of the train arrival time of 99% was in accordance with the SIPOKA standard. In contrast, the average rate of departure time of 83% was not in accordance with the SIPOKA standard. The frequency of 8 trips per day with a headway of 198.75-202.25 minutes was not meet the standards in KM No. 22 of 2003. The point of intersection between the respondents' ATP and WTP was at a price following the ticket price stipulated in PM No. 21 of 2020, which was Rp10,001–Rp15,000","PeriodicalId":268981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130440517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to the Minister of Transportation regulation No. 36 article 4, year 2011 concerning the intersection of level crossings, the minimum distance between crossings is 800 meters. However, this regulation has not been well implemented at the level crossings of JPL 297, 295, and 294 at Sukodadi Village, Lamongan Regency. Since the regulations are not implemented yet, hence the accidents frequently occur. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out public perceptions of the planned closure of JPL 297 and 294. This study applied descriptive quantitative method by calculating LHR and vehicle queue lengths. Among the three JPLs, the JPL with the highest LHR was JPL 295 with the total of 249 vehicles per hour. Meanwhile, the longest queue of vehicles occurred at JPL 295 reaching 23 meters. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression. The findings claimed that the indicators of benefits involved convenience and safety in 180, 11,506 and 7,781, while the result of the public perception obtained 66.8%.
{"title":"Investigating Public Perception Toward The Level Crossing Without Railway Gate Crossing (Case Study: At JPL 297 and 294 Lamongan)","authors":"Handoko Handoko, Natriya Faisal Rachman, Firdaus Ade Kurniawan","doi":"10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Minister of Transportation regulation No. 36 article 4, year 2011 concerning the intersection of level crossings, the minimum distance between crossings is 800 meters. However, this regulation has not been well implemented at the level crossings of JPL 297, 295, and 294 at Sukodadi Village, Lamongan Regency. Since the regulations are not implemented yet, hence the accidents frequently occur. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out public perceptions of the planned closure of JPL 297 and 294. This study applied descriptive quantitative method by calculating LHR and vehicle queue lengths. Among the three JPLs, the JPL with the highest LHR was JPL 295 with the total of 249 vehicles per hour. Meanwhile, the longest queue of vehicles occurred at JPL 295 reaching 23 meters. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression. The findings claimed that the indicators of benefits involved convenience and safety in 180, 11,506 and 7,781, while the result of the public perception obtained 66.8%.","PeriodicalId":268981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131200732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research tried to compare Digital Elevation Model (DEM) results from UAV Drone Survey with online DEM with a study case a railway route planning from Semarang to Demak in Central Jawa. The terrain model was resulted by Agisoft Metashape software and was compared to DEM from GoogleEarth, BING, SRTM, ASTERGDEM and DEMNAS by using Global Mapper sofware. The comparison was conducted by generating contour drawing for each model, along with graphical and statistical analysis. The results shown that the DEM Model from UAV Drone Survey result can meet the standard accurcy needed. The result of comparison from other the online DEM resulted that DEMNAS and ASTER GDEM have the stronges correlation among other DEM resources. The finding suggested for a carefull consideration to use open source DEM Data for perelyminary design odr Detail Engineering Design, especially for railway infrastructure project.
{"title":"Comparison of UAV Drone and Online Terrain Model for Railway Route Planning","authors":"W. Adi, Adya Aghastya, Nanda Ahda Imron, Nurul Fitria Apriliani, Izza Anwer, Porntep Puangprakhon","doi":"10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v1i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"This research tried to compare Digital Elevation Model (DEM) results from UAV Drone Survey with online DEM with a study case a railway route planning from Semarang to Demak in Central Jawa. The terrain model was resulted by Agisoft Metashape software and was compared to DEM from GoogleEarth, BING, SRTM, ASTERGDEM and DEMNAS by using Global Mapper sofware. The comparison was conducted by generating contour drawing for each model, along with graphical and statistical analysis. The results shown that the DEM Model from UAV Drone Survey result can meet the standard accurcy needed. The result of comparison from other the online DEM resulted that DEMNAS and ASTER GDEM have the stronges correlation among other DEM resources. The finding suggested for a carefull consideration to use open source DEM Data for perelyminary design odr Detail Engineering Design, especially for railway infrastructure project.","PeriodicalId":268981,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Railway Transportation and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130771752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：