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The Education and Social Reform of Al-Azhar University: A Short Historical Commentary 爱资哈尔大学的教育与社会改革:一个简短的历史评论
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8172.0101004
Basil H. Aboul-Enein
The concept of the university is perhaps one of the oldest social institutions in the world and plays an intricate and pivotal role in societies in various cultures. Every university has a unique story in its history, growth, controversies, and its on-going survival. The role of each respective university’s faculty and academic leadership has a certain level of professional interaction in terms of their role and contract with society. This paper examines the historical evolution, challenges, reforms, and proposed prediction of the renowned Al-Azhar University of Cairo, Egypt.
大学的概念可能是世界上最古老的社会机构之一,在各种文化的社会中起着复杂而关键的作用。每所大学在其历史、成长、争议和持续生存方面都有自己独特的故事。每一所大学的教师和学术领导的角色在他们的角色和与社会的契约方面都有一定程度的专业互动。本文考察了著名的埃及开罗爱资哈尔大学的历史演变、挑战、改革和提出的预测。
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引用次数: 0
Egyptian and Canaanite Religious Convergence: The Mysterious “Queen of Heaven” 埃及和迦南宗教的融合:神秘的“天后”
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8172.0202006
Eka Avaliani
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引用次数: 0
The Cold War and the Crises of Political Transition and Sustainable Democracy in Africa: The Failed Elections in Nigeria, Algeria and Angola 冷战与非洲政治过渡和可持续民主的危机:尼日利亚、阿尔及利亚和安哥拉的失败选举
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8172.0201002
N. Kamalu
The dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991 marked the end of the cold war. As such, regional conflicts in Africa and beyond fueled by the superpower relations in the bipolar world and characteristic of east-west ideological struggle began to abate. Africa, since then, began to experience a tide of democratic changes sweeping the continent. Henceforth, a New World Order marked by permanent and steady transitions of political power from autocracy to multiparty democracy began to emerge. It is well-established fact that political transitions particularly in Africa often trigger violence, tension and anxiety and strains ethnic and religious relationships.
1991年12月苏联的解体标志着冷战的结束。因此,在两极世界的超级大国关系和东西方意识形态斗争特征的推动下,非洲及其他地区的地区冲突开始减弱。从那时起,非洲开始经历席卷整个大陆的民主变革浪潮。从此以后,以政治权力从专制政体向多党民主政体永久而稳定地过渡为标志的世界新秩序开始出现。政治过渡,特别是非洲的政治过渡,往往引发暴力、紧张和焦虑,并使种族和宗教关系紧张,这是公认的事实。
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引用次数: 0
Relevance of International Collaborations in Promoting Sustainable Development: The Case of IU-Kenya Partnership 国际合作在促进可持续发展方面的相关性:国际联盟-肯尼亚伙伴关系的案例
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8172.0101002
David Nderitu, E. Kamaara
Sustainable Development Goal number 17 (SDG17) adopted from Millennium Development Goal number 8 (MDG 8) is specifically directed towards international cooperation and collaboration for development (United Nations, 2015b). Essentially, the SDG 17 boosts achievement of all other goals. This is by virtue of its emphasis on all aspects of developmental needs of the low and medium income countries and the support needed from developed countries and the international community in achieving all the other SDGs (Osborn, Cutter, & Ullah, 2015; United Nations, 2015a). The call for international collaborations is made in the context of shared vulnerability and shared future because crisis in one part of the world would have implication on another part no matter how discrete these parts are in terms of economic development and geographical location. For instance, a disease outbreak in Kenya can quickly spread to North America in hours. This is illustrated by the 2016 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa that quickly spread to Europe and America, in spite of interventions from humanitarian organization like Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF)-Doctors without Borders and International Organization for Migration (IOM).
从千年发展目标8 (MDG 8)中采纳的可持续发展目标17 (SDG17)专门针对国际合作和协作促进发展(联合国,2015年b)。从本质上讲,可持续发展目标17促进了所有其他目标的实现。这是因为它强调了低收入和中等收入国家发展需求的各个方面,以及发达国家和国际社会在实现所有其他可持续发展目标时所需的支持(Osborn, Cutter, & Ullah, 2015;联合国,2015)。国际合作的呼吁是在共同的脆弱性和共同的未来的背景下提出的,因为世界上一个地区的危机将对另一个地区产生影响,无论这些地区在经济发展和地理位置方面是多么离散。例如,肯尼亚爆发的一种疾病可以在数小时内迅速蔓延到北美。2016年西非爆发的埃博拉病毒病(EVD)就说明了这一点,尽管无国界医生组织(MSF)和国际移民组织(IOM)等人道主义组织进行了干预,但疫情迅速蔓延到欧洲和美国。
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引用次数: 1
Marie-Alain Couturier: A Name to be Remembered 玛丽-阿兰:一个值得记住的名字
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8172.0102001
J. Oliveira
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引用次数: 0
The Wise Women Tradition in 2 Samuel as Backdrop for Women Participation in Public Spheres in Zimbabwe 《撒母耳记下》中贤女的传统:津巴布韦妇女参与公共领域的背景
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8172.0103001
Menard Musendekwa
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引用次数: 0
Decent Work and Social Security: A Myth or Reality in Nigerian Macro Communities? 体面工作和社会保障:尼日利亚宏观社区的神话还是现实?
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.22259/2642-8172.0101003
G. Kayode, B. G. Agboola
Decent work refers to employment that respects the fundamental rights of the human person as well as the rights of workers in terms of conditions of work safety and remuneration (Wikipedia 2018). Thus the employment has respect for the physical and mental integrity of the worker in the exercise of his/her employment. According to ILO (2018), decent work sums up the aspirations of people in their working lives. It involves opportunities for work that is productive and delivers a fair income, security in the workplace and social protection for families, better prospects for personal development and social integration, freedom for people to express their concerns, organize and participate in the decisions that affect their lives and equality of opportunity and treatment for all women and men.
体面劳动是指尊重人的基本权利以及工人在工作安全和报酬条件方面的权利的就业(维基百科2018年)。因此,就业尊重工人在行使其就业时的身心健全。根据国际劳工组织(2018年),体面工作概括了人们在工作生活中的愿望。它涉及生产性工作机会和公平收入、工作场所的安全、家庭的社会保护、个人发展和社会融合的更好前景、人们表达关切的自由、组织和参与影响其生活的决定以及所有男女的机会和待遇平等。
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引用次数: 3
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