This article addresses the changes to funding for the state of Montana in FY2023. Funding priorities include assistance for school leaders, early childhood education, and teacher recruitment and retention. There were no changes to the funding formula, as Montana operates on a biennium and changes occurred the year prior. Montana was awarded $1.25 billion as part of the CARES Act, as relief for COVID-19 funding. The total per pupil expenditure varies based on school configuration and can be found in the article under the heading, “Per Pupil Expenditure.” The overall FY2023 budget for education is $1,096,286,212.
{"title":"Montana","authors":"Lou L. Sabina, Devon Viola, Kathryn Hartikka","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0061","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the changes to funding for the state of Montana in FY2023. Funding priorities include assistance for school leaders, early childhood education, and teacher recruitment and retention. There were no changes to the funding formula, as Montana operates on a biennium and changes occurred the year prior. Montana was awarded $1.25 billion as part of the CARES Act, as relief for COVID-19 funding. The total per pupil expenditure varies based on school configuration and can be found in the article under the heading, “Per Pupil Expenditure.” The overall FY2023 budget for education is $1,096,286,212.","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick D. Bennett, Davíd G. Martínez, Lauren G. Epps
Nevada’s legislature updates its omnibus budget and school finance policy every 2 years. This article is intended to provide an overview of that biennial budget and the implementation of those changes.
{"title":"Nevada","authors":"Patrick D. Bennett, Davíd G. Martínez, Lauren G. Epps","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Nevada’s legislature updates its omnibus budget and school finance policy every 2 years. This article is intended to provide an overview of that biennial budget and the implementation of those changes.","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is a brief summary and update of the public school funding in the state of Missouri for FY2022. The state of Missouri funds education through a foundation model. The largest funding item in the Missouri general budget is K–12 education. In 2018, the state budget fully funded the formula for the first time. The funding formula is multifaceted, including the following four components: weighted average daily attendance, state adequacy target, dollar-value modifier, and local effort. These four items are used to calculate the total state funding for K–12 education. Missouri ranks 32nd in the nation in K–12 student spending when combining local, state, and federal funding sources.
{"title":"Missouri","authors":"Clay Webber","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0041","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a brief summary and update of the public school funding in the state of Missouri for FY2022. The state of Missouri funds education through a foundation model. The largest funding item in the Missouri general budget is K–12 education. In 2018, the state budget fully funded the formula for the first time. The funding formula is multifaceted, including the following four components: weighted average daily attendance, state adequacy target, dollar-value modifier, and local effort. These four items are used to calculate the total state funding for K–12 education. Missouri ranks 32nd in the nation in K–12 student spending when combining local, state, and federal funding sources.","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This report about Indiana school funding relates to budgetary changes in the state’s school funding priorities and technical changes to its state aid to schools formula. Pressing issues that affect school funding as well as public policy dimensions of alternatives to traditional public schools are considered. The most pressing need for the schooling system that is mediated by the school funding program remains increasing the labor market supply of highly credentialed teachers. The most evident public policy trend is the continuing expansion of free market-based school choice options.
{"title":"Indiana","authors":"Scott Rodger Sweetland, C. Drew Milligan","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"This report about Indiana school funding relates to budgetary changes in the state’s school funding priorities and technical changes to its state aid to schools formula. Pressing issues that affect school funding as well as public policy dimensions of alternatives to traditional public schools are considered. The most pressing need for the schooling system that is mediated by the school funding program remains increasing the labor market supply of highly credentialed teachers. The most evident public policy trend is the continuing expansion of free market-based school choice options.","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Davíd G. Martínez, Patrick D. Bennett, Lauren G. Epps
Arizona’s legislature updates its omnibus budget and school finance policy yearly. This article is intended to provide an overview of that budget and the implementation of those yearly changes.
{"title":"Arizona","authors":"Davíd G. Martínez, Patrick D. Bennett, Lauren G. Epps","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Arizona’s legislature updates its omnibus budget and school finance policy yearly. This article is intended to provide an overview of that budget and the implementation of those yearly changes.","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Governor’s Budget Recommendations for Fiscal Years 2022 and 2023 are focused on the following priorities: Iowa’s Resilient Economy; Putting Students First; Creating Universal Broadband Access; Confronting Iowa’s Child Care Crisis; Expanding Housing Opportunities; Innovating Iowa’s Workforce; Reinvigorating the Iowa Agriculture Economy; Ensuring Strong, Safe Communities; Improving Access to Quality Health Care.
{"title":"Iowa","authors":"Jeffrey A. Fletcher, Jan Friedel","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"The Governor’s Budget Recommendations for Fiscal Years 2022 and 2023 are focused on the following priorities: Iowa’s Resilient Economy; Putting Students First; Creating Universal Broadband Access; Confronting Iowa’s Child Care Crisis; Expanding Housing Opportunities; Innovating Iowa’s Workforce; Reinvigorating the Iowa Agriculture Economy; Ensuring Strong, Safe Communities; Improving Access to Quality Health Care.","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The equity of Maryland’s P–12 education formula has long been scrutinized and challenged in court. Changes to Maryland’s P–12 funding formula occurred following a successful legislative override during the 2021 session following the governor’s 2020 veto of the Blueprint for Maryland’s Future Act. The new P–12 formula includes 13 categories: Foundation Aid, Transportation Aid, Compensatory Education Aid, English Learner Aid, Special Education Aid, Guaranteed Tax Base Aid, Comparable Wage Index Aid, Post College and Career Readiness Pathways Aid, Concentration of Poverty Aid, Transitional Supplemental Instruction Aid, Prekindergarten Aid, and Career Ladder Aid. Funding formula changes were implemented in FY2023, following delays in reporting and the COVID-19 pandemic. No changes were made to higher education funding formulas. The state allocated $7.3 billion for P–12 education in FY2022, 15.2% of the state budget. The state allocated $4.8 billion for higher education in FY2022, 7.9% of the state budget. FY2023 allocations for higher education will include a $59.5 million settlement for Maryland’s historically Black colleges and universities.
{"title":"Maryland","authors":"Chelsea E. Haines","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0023","url":null,"abstract":"The equity of Maryland’s P–12 education formula has long been scrutinized and challenged in court. Changes to Maryland’s P–12 funding formula occurred following a successful legislative override during the 2021 session following the governor’s 2020 veto of the Blueprint for Maryland’s Future Act. The new P–12 formula includes 13 categories: Foundation Aid, Transportation Aid, Compensatory Education Aid, English Learner Aid, Special Education Aid, Guaranteed Tax Base Aid, Comparable Wage Index Aid, Post College and Career Readiness Pathways Aid, Concentration of Poverty Aid, Transitional Supplemental Instruction Aid, Prekindergarten Aid, and Career Ladder Aid. Funding formula changes were implemented in FY2023, following delays in reporting and the COVID-19 pandemic. No changes were made to higher education funding formulas. The state allocated $7.3 billion for P–12 education in FY2022, 15.2% of the state budget. The state allocated $4.8 billion for higher education in FY2022, 7.9% of the state budget. FY2023 allocations for higher education will include a $59.5 million settlement for Maryland’s historically Black colleges and universities.","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mississippi’s P–12 schooling system remains underfunded according to the funding requirements dictated through the Mississippi Adequate Education Program. Nevertheless, Mississippi is progressively improving teacher pay in an attempt to attract and retain teachers. Funding from the Federal American Rescue Plan Act was spent concurrently with planned tax cuts that may further complicate funding challenges going forward.
根据密西西比充分教育计划规定的资金要求，密西西比州的P-12教育系统仍然资金不足。尽管如此，密西西比州正在逐步提高教师的工资，试图吸引和留住教师。来自《美国联邦救援计划法案》(Federal American Rescue Plan Act)的资金与计划中的减税同时使用，这可能会使未来的资金挑战进一步复杂化。
{"title":"Mississippi","authors":"Jason Kopanke","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Mississippi’s P–12 schooling system remains underfunded according to the funding requirements dictated through the Mississippi Adequate Education Program. Nevertheless, Mississippi is progressively improving teacher pay in an attempt to attract and retain teachers. Funding from the Federal American Rescue Plan Act was spent concurrently with planned tax cuts that may further complicate funding challenges going forward.","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The analysis reveals that California’s 2023 educational budget reflects a continued commitment to investment in education. With a growing emphasis on equitable access and quality education, the state government has made significant efforts to address the needs of both K-12 and higher education institutions. For the K-12 sector, the research highlights budget funding towards supporting English Language Learners, improving classroom resources, and expanding access to performing and visual arts. Additionally, the budget supports before/after and outside-of-school expanded learning programs. The study identifies increased funding for public universities and colleges in higher education, aiming to enhance affordability, expand student aid programs, and strengthen housing resources. The research also uncovers several challenges within California’s educational budget, such as a severe shortage of qualified and skilled academic workforce brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"California","authors":"Majdouline Aziz, Mazen Aziz","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0047","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis reveals that California’s 2023 educational budget reflects a continued commitment to investment in education. With a growing emphasis on equitable access and quality education, the state government has made significant efforts to address the needs of both K-12 and higher education institutions. For the K-12 sector, the research highlights budget funding towards supporting English Language Learners, improving classroom resources, and expanding access to performing and visual arts. Additionally, the budget supports before/after and outside-of-school expanded learning programs. The study identifies increased funding for public universities and colleges in higher education, aiming to enhance affordability, expand student aid programs, and strengthen housing resources. The research also uncovers several challenges within California’s educational budget, such as a severe shortage of qualified and skilled academic workforce brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tyrone Bynoe, Randy Vesely, Henry Tran, David Buckman
{"title":"State of States Overview for Fiscal Year 2022","authors":"Tyrone Bynoe, Randy Vesely, Henry Tran, David Buckman","doi":"10.3138/jehr-2023-0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jehr-2023-0056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":269791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Human Resources","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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