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Bindings with Superexlibris of Prince A.I. Vyazemsky 带有 A.I. 维亚泽姆斯基亲王超级插图的封面
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-78-90
M. B. Zolotova
The analysis of individual bindings of hand-printed books belonging to the same owner opens up great possibilities in the study of bookbinding of a certain time period. If the bindings are characterized by significant similarities in the use of materials, production techniques and decoration, it is possible to assume their common origin from a single bookbinding workshop. The presence of a superexlibris, contemporary to the binding work, is a sign of the work of a bookbinder who performed the whole complex of tasks at once – to protect, decorate the book and inform about its ownership. In this case, the dates of the owner’s (customer’s) life and the milestones of his biography can serve as a reference point for dating the bindings. More than 70 copies of European editions of the 18th century with superexlibris of the Vyazemsky princes in bindings of the end of the 18th – beginning of the 19th century were found in the collection of the Research Scientific Department of Rare Books (Book Museum) of the Russian State Library. The article proves that these books belonged to Andrei Ivanovich Vyazemsky and their bindings were made in Russia. Several groups of bindings united by material, constructive and decorative features are identified and described. Speculations are made about the location of the workshops that produced these bindings and about the possible influence of the customer’s tastes on their design. Characteristic features of bindings from the library of A.I. Vyazemsky, given in the article, can be used in the description of Russian bindings of the 18th and 19th centuries to clarify the date of their production.
对属于同一所有人的手工印刷书籍的单个装订进行分析,为研究某个时期的书籍装帧提供了极大的可能性。如果这些装订在材料使用、制作工艺和装饰方面有明显的相似之处,那么就有可能推断出这些装订来自同一个书籍装帧作坊。与装订工作同时出现的 "超级底页 "则表明装订者同时完成了保护、装饰书籍和告知书籍所有权等一系列工作。在这种情况下,所有者(客户)的生活日期及其传记中的里程碑可作为确定装订日期的参考点。在俄罗斯国家图书馆珍本研究科学部(图书博物馆)的藏书中发现了 70 多本 18 世纪欧洲版本的维亚泽姆斯基王公的对开本,采用 18 世纪末至 19 世纪初的装订方式。文章证明,这些书籍属于安德烈-伊万诺维奇-维亚泽姆斯基,其装订是在俄罗斯完成的。文章确定并描述了几组在材料、结构和装饰方面具有共同特征的装订。对制作这些装帧的作坊的位置以及客户的品味对装帧设计可能产生的影响进行了推测。文章中给出的 A.I. Vyazemsky 图书馆装订品的特征可用于描述 18 和 19 世纪的俄罗斯装订品,以明确其生产日期。
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引用次数: 0
Scientific and Methodological Support of Library Activities: Analysis of the Document Flow 图书馆活动的科学和方法支持:文件流程分析
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-14-28
Mariya V. Neryueva
The article presents an analysis of the document flow on the topic “Scientific and Methodological Support of Libraries’ Activities” for 2014—2023. The study obtained data on the quantitative and species composition of the flow, its geographical and author structures. The thematic analysis showed that most often the authors devoted their works to describing the experience of implementing the main functions of scientific and methodological services (analytical and consulting activities, promotion of professional development of specialists, formation of the legal library field, identification and study of new experience), the characteristics of the profession of a modern methodologist and the changes taking place in scientific and methodological activities, including under the influence of the development of information and communication technologies. The analysis of publications confirmed that the content of scientific and methodological labor changes depending on the general situation in the country and in accordance with the needs of library practice.
文章对 2014-2023 年 "图书馆活动的科学和方法论支持 "专题的文献流进行了分析。研究获得了关于文献流的数量和种类构成、地域和作者结构的数据。专题分析表明,作者的大部分作品都致力于介绍科学和方法服务主要职能的实施经验(分析和咨询活动、促进专家的专业发展、法律图书馆领域的形成、新经验的识别和研究)、现代方法论专家的职业特点以及科学和方法论活动中发生的变化,包括在信息和通信技术发展的影响下发生的变化。对出版物的分析表明,科学和方法论劳动的内容随着国家总体形势和图书馆实践的需要而发生变化。
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引用次数: 0
The Phenomenon of Reading as a Subject of Legislative Initiative 作为立法倡议主题的阅读现象
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-5-13
Yuliya P. Melentieva
The article presents the phenomenon of reading in its modern sense: studies of recent years confirm that as a social phenomenon and personal socio-cultural practice, reading still retains its position. The role of reading in society is revealed at the levels of personality and society. Contrary to popular belief, reading does not leave the life of a modern person, but modifying (in particular, the term “digital reading” appeared), covers all areas of his life (study, professional activity, life, rest, privacy, etc.). However, an analysis of the federal laws “On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation”, “On Education in the Russian Federation”, “On Librarianship”, as well as the “Family Code of the Russian Federation” shows that the concept of “reading” has not been properly reflected in them. The author emphasizes that now it is necessary not only to talk about the phenomenon of reading in scientific terms, but also to persistently seek the inclusion in the conceptual apparatus of legislative initiatives in the humanitarian sphere of various modifications of the concept of “reading” (including, for example, “family reading”, “reading culture”, “reader development”, etc.).
文章介绍了现代意义上的阅读现象:近年来的研究证实,作为一种社会现象和个人的社会文化实践,阅读仍然保持着自己的地位。阅读在社会中的作用体现在个人和社会两个层面。与人们普遍认为的相反,阅读并没有离开现代人的生活,而是在不断变化(特别是出现了 "数字阅读 "一词),涵盖了现代人生活的各个领域(学习、职业活动、生活、休息、隐私等)。然而,对《俄罗斯联邦儿童权利基本保障法》、《俄罗斯联邦教育法》、《图书管理法》以及《俄罗斯联邦家庭法》等联邦法律的分析表明,"阅读 "的概念并没有在这些法律中得到应有的体现。作者强调,现在不仅有必要从科学角度讨论阅读现象,而且有必要坚持不懈地寻求在人道 主义领域立法举措的概念机制中纳入对 "阅读 "概念的各种修改(例如,包括 "家庭阅读"、 "阅读文化"、"读者发展 "等)。
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引用次数: 0
State Support of the Russian Publishers and Writers: New Approaches 国家对俄罗斯出版商和作家的支持:新方法
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-29-39
K. M. Sukhorukov
The article is presented on state-level support for the activities of Russian writers and publishers aimed at achieving goals that are priority for the development of national science and culture, education and enlightenment. The author proves the need for a comprehensive and systematic approach to solving this problem (including the adoption of a legislative act guaranteeing the rights of publishers and writers and formulating requirements for these important subjects of the book business). The existing regulatory framework and real publishing practice are analyzed, blurring the differences between a professional writer and an amateur. Such measures as licensing of relevant activities and certification of the products received, state subsidies and price control in the production and distribution of this selected range of the most significant publications are proposed.
文章介绍了国家层面对俄罗斯作家和出版商活动的支持,旨在实现国家科学文化、教育和启蒙发展的优先目标。作者证明有必要采取全面、系统的方法来解决这一问题(包括通过一项保障出版商和作家权利的法案,并为这些重要的图书业务主体制定要求)。对现有监管框架和实际出版实践进行了分析,模糊了专业作家和业余作家之间的区别。建议采取的措施包括对相关活动颁发许可证、对所获产品进行认证、国家补贴以及对所选最重要出版物的生产和发行进行价格控制。
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引用次数: 0
Encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia”: From Conception to Completion 俄罗斯文学博物馆 "百科全书:从构思到完成
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-69-77
Evgeniya A. Vorontsova
The article is devoted to the project of the V.I. Dahl State Museum of the History of Russian Literature, the encyclopedia “Literary Museums of Russia”, implemented in 2014— 2024. The characteristics of the organization of work, conceptual installations, approbation of the concept and vocabulary are given. It is emphasized that the encyclopedia contains the general collection of literary museums, there is an index of museums. The main blocks of articles are named (including papers on library-museums and literary museums in libraries, on the territorial distribution and functioning of literary museums, on the basic concepts of the science of museum — museology, biographical articles). It is stated that the array of high-quality information collected in the encyclopedia has made it possible to significantly advance the study of the history and structure of this specialized group of museums, to transfer literary museums to a qualitatively different level of communication with each other, with scientific and socio-cultural institutions and specific scientists and cultural figures.
文章介绍了 "俄罗斯文学博物馆 "百科全书中的俄罗斯文学史国家博物馆(V.I. Dahl State Museum of the History of Russian Literature)项目,该项目于2014-2024年实施。介绍了工作安排、概念装置、概念批准和词汇的特点。需要强调的是,该百科全书包含文学博物馆总集,并有博物馆索引。对主要的文章块进行了命名(包括关于图书馆-博物馆和图书馆中的文学博物馆的论文、关于文学博物馆的地域分布和功能的论文、关于博物馆学-博物馆学的基本概念的论文、传记文章)。据说,百科全书中收集的一系列高质量信息使得对这一专业博物馆群体的历史和结构的研究有了显著的进步,将文学博物馆与其他博物馆、科学和社会文化机构以及具体的科学家和文化名人之间的交流提升到了一个质的不同水平。
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引用次数: 0
Bibliology in the System of Modern Humanitarian Knowledge: Results of the 23rd Smirdin Readings 现代人道主义知识体系中的书目学:第 23 届斯密丁读书会的成果
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-149-158
Dmitriy A. Elyashevich, V. A. Mutyev
A brief excursus of the development of Russian book studies as an independent scientific direction is presented. The main milestones in the institutionalization of book studies on the example of the Petrograd-Leningrad-Petersburg scientific school are considered: the formation of an academic discipline and a specialized department, the publication of a series of the first conceptual works directly focused on the development of methodological provisions of book science, the preparation of the first textbooks as evidence of the achievement of a certain level of consensus in the professional community, and the organization of a regular scientific forum — the conference “Smirdin Readings”. The thematic spectrum of modern book studies, the results of which were presented at the All-Russian Conference in 2024, is described, the analysis of key reports delivered at the plenary session is carried out, and an analytical review of the work of the sections is given.
本文简要介绍了俄罗斯图书研究作为一个独立科学方向的发展历程。以彼得堡-列宁格勒-彼得堡科学流派为例,介绍了图书研究制度化的主要里程碑:形成了一门学科和一个专业部门,出版了一系列直接侧重于图书科学方法论规定发展的首批概念性著作,编写了首批教科书作为在专业界达成一定程度共识的证据,以及组织了一个定期科学论坛--"斯米尔丁阅读 "会议。对现代图书研究的主题范围进行了描述,并在 2024 年的全俄会议上介绍了这些研究的成果,对在全体会议上发表的重要报告进行了分析,并对各部门的工作进行了分析评述。
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引用次数: 0
The Library in the New Geopolitical Realities: Issues of Theory and Practice (Skvortsov Readings — 2024) 新地缘政治现实中的图书馆:理论与实践问题(斯科沃尔佐夫读本-2024)
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-140-148
N. Lopatina
The article presents an overview of the 26th International Scientific Conference “Librarianship — 2024” (Skvortsov Readings — 2024) “Library in New Geopolitical Realities”, held on April 16—17, 2024 at the Moscow State Institute of Culture. The main events and key reports of the conference are highlighted. The content and main results of the round tables within the framework of the conference are disclosed: “Improving the Regulatory Framework as a Key Task of the Strategic Agenda for the Development of Librarianship in the Russian Federation” and “Information Culture of the Digital Generation in the Context of the Tasks of Professional Training of Cultural Personnel”.
文章概述了 2024 年 4 月 16-17 日在莫斯科国立文化学院举行的第 26 届 "图书馆学 - 2024"(Skvortsov Readings - 2024)"新地缘政治现实中的图书馆 "国际科学会议。重点介绍了会议的主要活动和重要报告。披露了会议框架内圆桌会议的内容和主要成果:"完善监管框架是俄罗斯联邦图书馆学发展战略议程的关键任务 "和 "文化人员专业培训任务背景下的数字一代信息文化"。
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引用次数: 0
The History of the Book Business of Russian Emigration from Paris to Vyborg (a New Aspect) 从巴黎到维堡的俄罗斯移民图书业务史(新视角)
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-113-118
Leonid A. Ganichev
The review of the second edition of the monograph of the Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor P.N. Bazanov “The Tsar and the Soviets: Russian Emigration in the Struggle for Russian Statehood: Political and Publishing Activities” (2022) is presented. The author examines the unions of the Russian abroad figures of the era of the firstwave emigration (smenovekhovtsy, post-revolutionaries and Young Russians). They were distinguished by a special (in comparison with other movements of emigration) interpretation of the events of the October Revolution and their attitude towards Soviet Russia (stemming from the justification of the very fact of the 1917 revolution). The monograph shows how the periodicals published and distributed by these associations reflected their original philosophical and political beliefs. The review also contains some stories related to the history of Russian book culture and literature (for example, the story of the “revenge” of the writer M.A. Bulgakov to the secretary of the publishing house “Nakanune” (On the Eve)). The significance of P.N. Bazanovʼs book for understanding the fate of modern Russia, as well as mastering the unknown heritage of caring thinkers and patriots of Russia abroad, is noted.
历史科学博士 P.N. Bazanov 教授的专著《沙皇与苏维埃》第二版评论:沙皇与苏维埃:俄罗斯建国斗争中的俄罗斯移民:政治和出版活动"(2022 年)。作者研究了第一波移民时代俄罗斯海外人物(smenovekhovtsy、后革命者和俄罗斯青年)的工会。他们的与众不同之处在于对十月革命事件的特殊解读(与其他移民运动相比)以及对苏维埃俄国的态度(源于对 1917 年革命事实本身的辩解)。专著展示了这些协会出版和发行的期刊如何反映了他们最初的哲学和政治信仰。该评论还包含一些与俄罗斯图书文化和文学史有关的故事(例如,作家 M.A. Bulgakov 向出版社秘书 "Nakanune"(《前夜》)"复仇 "的故事)。P.N. Bazanov 的著作对于了解现代俄罗斯的命运以及掌握国外关心俄罗斯的思想家和爱国者的不为人知的遗产具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
The 29th Readings on the History of Library and Librarianship (from Anniversary to Anniversary) 第 29 期图书馆和图书馆学史读本(从周年纪念到周年纪念)
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-119-126
Elena V. Nikolaeva
The article presents an overview of the speeches of the participants of the Readings on the History of Library and Librarianship in Moscow, the Scientific and Practical Conference that traditionally unites specialists in the history of librarianship and bibliography, book culture and social communications. The conference was organized by the I.S. Turgenev Library and Reading Room, the Fundamental Library of the Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Library History Section of the Russian Library Association. Three sections are briefly described: “Jubilee Libraries”, “Libraries: People and Destinies”, “Historical Aspects of Bibliography”.
文章概述了莫斯科图书馆和图书馆学史读书会与会者的发言,该读书会是传统上联合图书馆学史和书目学、图书文化和社会传播专家的科学实践会议。会议由 I.S. 屠格涅夫图书馆和阅览室、俄罗斯科学院社会科学科学信息研究所基础图书馆和俄罗斯图书馆协会图书馆史分会共同举办。下面简要介绍三个部分:"禧图书馆"、"图书馆:人与命运"、"书目历史"。
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引用次数: 0
World-Famous Russian Bibliographer (on the 170th Anniversary of N.M. Lisovsky) 世界著名的俄罗斯藏书家(纪念尼-米-利索夫斯基诞辰 170 周年)
Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.25281/2411-2305-2024-3-91-106
I. G. Khomyakova
The activities of the outstanding representative of Russian book culture Nikolai Mikhailovich Lisovsky, whose 170th anniversary is celebrated in 2024, have received high praise and recognition not only in Russia, but also abroad. The article examines the process of spreading the bibliographer’s international fame in the period from the late 19th century to the 1920s. Critic reviews of N.M. Lisovsky’s works, published at this time in France, Belgium, Germany, Austria, the USA, and Poland, are analyzed. Archival materials of N.M. Lisovsky’s correspondence with foreign figures, stored at the Manuscript Department of the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Sci entific and Bibliographic Archive of the Russian Book Chamber, are also used. It is shown that during this period in foreign literature the main bibliographic works of N.M. Lisovsky were characterized, his biography, work in bibliographic societies, the system of scientific views in the field of bibliology were covered.
俄罗斯图书文化的杰出代表尼古拉-米哈伊洛维奇-利索夫斯基(Nikolai Mikhailovich Lisovsky)将于 2024 年迎来其诞辰 170 周年,他的活动不仅在俄罗斯,而且在国外都得到了高度赞扬和认可。文章探讨了 19 世纪末至 20 世纪 20 年代书目编纂者国际声誉的传播过程。文章分析了当时在法国、比利时、德国、奥地利、美国和波兰发表的对 N.M. Lisovsky 作品的评论。此外,还使用了俄罗斯科学院俄罗斯文学研究所手稿部和俄罗斯图书商会科学和书目档案馆保存的尼-米-利索夫斯基与外国人士通信的档案资料。研究表明,在此期间,N.M. 利索夫斯基在外国文学领域的主要书目著作、他的传记、在书目协会的工作以及书目学领域的科学观点体系都得到了描述。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Bibliography and Bibliology
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