Texting while driving has emerged as a significant threat to citizen safety. In this study, we utilize general deterrence theory (GDT), protection motivation theory and personality traits to evaluate texting while driving (TWD) compliance intentions among teenage drivers. This paper presents the results of our pilot study. We administered an online survey to 105 teenage and young adult drivers. The potential implications for research and practice and policy are discussed.
{"title":"Texting While Driving among Teens: Exploring User Perceptions to Identify Policy Recommendations","authors":"Lemuria D. Carter, M. McBride","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912210","url":null,"abstract":"Texting while driving has emerged as a significant threat to citizen safety. In this study, we utilize general deterrence theory (GDT), protection motivation theory and personality traits to evaluate texting while driving (TWD) compliance intentions among teenage drivers. This paper presents the results of our pilot study. We administered an online survey to 105 teenage and young adult drivers. The potential implications for research and practice and policy are discussed.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121144588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Smart Cities, Smart Citizens and Smart Government (III)","authors":"Soon Ae Chun, Sehl Mellouli, Y. Arens","doi":"10.1145/3254114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3254114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131246031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many of the challenges to be faced by smart cities surpass the capacities, capabilities, and reaches of their traditional institutions and their classical processes of governing, and therefore new and innovative forms of governance are needed to meet these challenges. According to the network governance literature, governance models in public administrations can be categorized through the identification and analysis of some main dimensions that govern in the way of managing the city by governments. Based on prior research and on the perception of city practitioners in European smart cities, this paper seeks to analyze the relevance of main dimensions of governance models in smart cities. Results could shed some light regarding new future research on efficient patterns of governance models within smart cities.
{"title":"Mapping Dimensions of Governance in Smart Cities: Practitioners versus Prior Research","authors":"M. Bolívar","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912176","url":null,"abstract":"Many of the challenges to be faced by smart cities surpass the capacities, capabilities, and reaches of their traditional institutions and their classical processes of governing, and therefore new and innovative forms of governance are needed to meet these challenges. According to the network governance literature, governance models in public administrations can be categorized through the identification and analysis of some main dimensions that govern in the way of managing the city by governments. Based on prior research and on the perception of city practitioners in European smart cities, this paper seeks to analyze the relevance of main dimensions of governance models in smart cities. Results could shed some light regarding new future research on efficient patterns of governance models within smart cities.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133207413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Open Government, Open Data and Collaboration (II)","authors":"M. Janssen, R. Lourenço, V. Weerakkody","doi":"10.1145/3254104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3254104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115430687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ojo, Lukasz Porwol, Mohammad Waqar, Edobor Osagie, Arkadiusz Stasiewicz, Fatemeh Ahmadi Zeleti, M. Hogan, O. Harney, P. Riordan
The increasing volumes of datasets published on open data platforms have had little impact on the public use of open data and perceived transparency of respective governments. At the same time, the innovation potentials of these datasets are far from realized due to many factors including poor quality of datasets. While past studies have attempted to catalog barriers to open data exploitation and use; few studies have focused on the role of the available open data platforms in tackling this problem. In addressing this gap, this research work examines the problems (or pathologies) associated with the use of current generation of open data platforms and perspectives of stakeholders on desirable features and affordances. Results from our analysis of existing platforms and stakeholders' views show several limiting factors on available platforms. Findings also provide insights into three categories of platform affordances that could spur greater use of open data published on these platforms and enhanced transparency of respective governments.
{"title":"Pathologies of Open Data Platforms and Desired Transparency-Related Affordances for Future Platforms","authors":"A. Ojo, Lukasz Porwol, Mohammad Waqar, Edobor Osagie, Arkadiusz Stasiewicz, Fatemeh Ahmadi Zeleti, M. Hogan, O. Harney, P. Riordan","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912237","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing volumes of datasets published on open data platforms have had little impact on the public use of open data and perceived transparency of respective governments. At the same time, the innovation potentials of these datasets are far from realized due to many factors including poor quality of datasets. While past studies have attempted to catalog barriers to open data exploitation and use; few studies have focused on the role of the available open data platforms in tackling this problem. In addressing this gap, this research work examines the problems (or pathologies) associated with the use of current generation of open data platforms and perspectives of stakeholders on desirable features and affordances. Results from our analysis of existing platforms and stakeholders' views show several limiting factors on available platforms. Findings also provide insights into three categories of platform affordances that could spur greater use of open data published on these platforms and enhanced transparency of respective governments.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115725716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amal Marzouki, Meriam Nefzi, Sehl Mellouli, A. Hajji, Monia Rekik
A smart city has the objective to improve the quality of life of citizens by the extensive use of Information and Communication Technologies. In this project, the focus will be made on winter maintenance operations (WMO). Based on an integrative framework for smart cities initiatives, we will try to understand the links that can be established between smart city theoretical concepts and winter maintenance smart initiatives in practice. This proposal is a first step to bridge the gap between theory and practice by analysing smart city initiatives related to snow collecting. A qualitative analysis, based on structured observations and interviews with decision-makers of WMO in snowy cities, will be made in order to provide relevant knowledge that would serve as a basis for decision-makers to better plan their smart city initiatives.
{"title":"Transforming city initiative into a smart city initiative: the case of \"winter maintenance operations\"","authors":"Amal Marzouki, Meriam Nefzi, Sehl Mellouli, A. Hajji, Monia Rekik","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912236","url":null,"abstract":"A smart city has the objective to improve the quality of life of citizens by the extensive use of Information and Communication Technologies. In this project, the focus will be made on winter maintenance operations (WMO). Based on an integrative framework for smart cities initiatives, we will try to understand the links that can be established between smart city theoretical concepts and winter maintenance smart initiatives in practice. This proposal is a first step to bridge the gap between theory and practice by analysing smart city initiatives related to snow collecting. A qualitative analysis, based on structured observations and interviews with decision-makers of WMO in snowy cities, will be made in order to provide relevant knowledge that would serve as a basis for decision-makers to better plan their smart city initiatives.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123703912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Existing researches have paid little attentions to how policy makers choose certain smart city development approaches or design their smart city construction plans. This study tries to explore the designs of Chinese local governments' smart city pilot projects. Using the grounded theory method, documents of fifty-three cities' smart city development plans are encoded. From them, activities proposed in various smart city subfields are identified. Then, a hierarchical cluster analysis is conducted to reveal different smart city design models of Chinese local governments. Analysis results show that some governments are willing to support local industry when some others prefer to reengineering governance process or investing in management of information and data. This study testifies the divergences among practitioners' understandings of constructing smart city.
{"title":"Building Smart Government or Developing Industry?: Study on the Designs of Local Smart City Pilot Projects in China","authors":"Yefei Hu, Jie Wang","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912234","url":null,"abstract":"Existing researches have paid little attentions to how policy makers choose certain smart city development approaches or design their smart city construction plans. This study tries to explore the designs of Chinese local governments' smart city pilot projects. Using the grounded theory method, documents of fifty-three cities' smart city development plans are encoded. From them, activities proposed in various smart city subfields are identified. Then, a hierarchical cluster analysis is conducted to reveal different smart city design models of Chinese local governments. Analysis results show that some governments are willing to support local industry when some others prefer to reengineering governance process or investing in management of information and data. This study testifies the divergences among practitioners' understandings of constructing smart city.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124760483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Technology has been promoted as a way to facilitate interactions across disparate groups of people. Political discourse has been historically constrained by geographic proximity of participants. The introduction of the Internet and specifically social media has altered these geographic constraints and political discourse is now one of the most prevalent activities in social media. As more individuals begin to use technology for political activity, understanding how the technology is used becomes increasingly important. Previous research exploring political discourse on social media has focused on one discrete event or a narrow time period. This narrow focus limits the understanding of the complex election environment. This study takes a longitudinal approach to examine the use of conversational syntactical features in Twitter derived from a 53 million Twitter message corpus collected during the 2012 Presidential Election (August 20, 2012 -- November 13, 2012). This study identifies that, although candidates and media are the most talked about and talked to, these interactions elicit no response. The lack of response is counter to many of the perceived benefits of social media. These findings have implications for understanding how the public uses social media to engage with political candidates and the possibilities for how technology could be altered to better facilitate these interactions.
{"title":"One-Sided Conversations: The 2012 Presidential Election on Twitter","authors":"C. Mascaro, Denise E. Agosto, S. Goggins","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912185","url":null,"abstract":"Technology has been promoted as a way to facilitate interactions across disparate groups of people. Political discourse has been historically constrained by geographic proximity of participants. The introduction of the Internet and specifically social media has altered these geographic constraints and political discourse is now one of the most prevalent activities in social media. As more individuals begin to use technology for political activity, understanding how the technology is used becomes increasingly important. Previous research exploring political discourse on social media has focused on one discrete event or a narrow time period. This narrow focus limits the understanding of the complex election environment. This study takes a longitudinal approach to examine the use of conversational syntactical features in Twitter derived from a 53 million Twitter message corpus collected during the 2012 Presidential Election (August 20, 2012 -- November 13, 2012). This study identifies that, although candidates and media are the most talked about and talked to, these interactions elicit no response. The lack of response is counter to many of the perceived benefits of social media. These findings have implications for understanding how the public uses social media to engage with political candidates and the possibilities for how technology could be altered to better facilitate these interactions.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116430319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We expand the current understanding of leadership's influence on the success of inter-organizational information sharing and integration (IIS) by testing and proposing direct and indirect relationships using structural equation modelling (SEM). We analyzed data from a national survey of 173 professionals from IIS projects in Public Health and Criminal Justice in the US. We evaluated the direct and indirect relationships of three leadership mechanisms -- executive involvement, exercise of formal authority, and informal leaders. By testing the causal relationships between two types of leaders: bureaucratic-based executive leader and network-based informal leaders, we substantiate how embeddedness in bureaucracy influences the relationship between leadership activities and success of IIS projects. Our findings show the significant role of executive involvement to the success of IIS. We found that the influence of informal leaders is magnified by the involvement of executives. Our finding also support the importance of informal leaders both directly to the success of IIS or in curbing the potential negative impact of misuse of authority in the collaboration. Finally, we found that perceptions of participants in terms of how IIS project success is measured, influences the impact of leadership on the success of IIS projects.
{"title":"Modeling the Roles of Leadership for Inter-organizational Information Sharing and Integration Success","authors":"D. Sayogo, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia, T. Pardo","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912203","url":null,"abstract":"We expand the current understanding of leadership's influence on the success of inter-organizational information sharing and integration (IIS) by testing and proposing direct and indirect relationships using structural equation modelling (SEM). We analyzed data from a national survey of 173 professionals from IIS projects in Public Health and Criminal Justice in the US. We evaluated the direct and indirect relationships of three leadership mechanisms -- executive involvement, exercise of formal authority, and informal leaders. By testing the causal relationships between two types of leaders: bureaucratic-based executive leader and network-based informal leaders, we substantiate how embeddedness in bureaucracy influences the relationship between leadership activities and success of IIS projects. Our findings show the significant role of executive involvement to the success of IIS. We found that the influence of informal leaders is magnified by the involvement of executives. Our finding also support the importance of informal leaders both directly to the success of IIS or in curbing the potential negative impact of misuse of authority in the collaboration. Finally, we found that perceptions of participants in terms of how IIS project success is measured, influences the impact of leadership on the success of IIS projects.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130300373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of government agencies on increasingly popular social media platforms potentially enables interactions that go beyond one-way government-to-citizen information or service provision, and include citizen-to-citizen open interactions. These interactions can either contribute to deliberative practices, characterized by mutual understanding, reasonableness, and cross-opinion exposure, or hinder them, resulting in increased homophily and polarization. Using the theoretical lens of public deliberation, this study investigates attitudinal and cognitive aspects of user conversations on government-managed social media accounts. Drawing on a survey of 417 users of the Chinese social media platform Weibo, data show that, on the one hand, general conversations between users are characterized by homophily and polarization, even though participants tend to perceive their own interactions as deliberative in some key aspects; and, on the other hand, that participants in conversations on government-managed Weibo accounts -- which are used to a low extent -- perceive their interactions as less deliberative. Findings contribute to research and practice of government social media management aimed at citizen engagement.
{"title":"Paradoxes of Deliberative Interactions on Government-Managed Social Media: Evidence from China","authors":"R. Medaglia, Demi Zhu","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912184","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of government agencies on increasingly popular social media platforms potentially enables interactions that go beyond one-way government-to-citizen information or service provision, and include citizen-to-citizen open interactions. These interactions can either contribute to deliberative practices, characterized by mutual understanding, reasonableness, and cross-opinion exposure, or hinder them, resulting in increased homophily and polarization. Using the theoretical lens of public deliberation, this study investigates attitudinal and cognitive aspects of user conversations on government-managed social media accounts. Drawing on a survey of 417 users of the Chinese social media platform Weibo, data show that, on the one hand, general conversations between users are characterized by homophily and polarization, even though participants tend to perceive their own interactions as deliberative in some key aspects; and, on the other hand, that participants in conversations on government-managed Weibo accounts -- which are used to a low extent -- perceive their interactions as less deliberative. Findings contribute to research and practice of government social media management aimed at citizen engagement.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133708968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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