Despite the expectation that Twitter and other types of social media can contribute to enhancing democratic values including responsiveness, it seems that empirical studies on whether social media use leads to improvement in democratic values actually and how social media should be used to achieve expected effects have been rarely conducted. The purpose of this study is to analyze usefulness of Twitter for increasing responsiveness and to figure out the mechanism through which Twitter use leads to enhancement in responsiveness by applying social network analysis (SNA) on the Twitter network on civil administration service of Seoul Metropolitan City in Korea and doing case study on the actual interaction among Mayor, public officials, and citizens in the Twitter network. According to the research findings, Seoul City Mayor played a role of the most important bridging hub mediating citizens and public officials in the Twitter network on civil administration service of Seoul. Also, the authors find that the interaction among public officials and citizens mediated by Mayor on the Twitter network led to actual improvement in responsiveness. More specifically, the Twitter network in which Mayor plays a role of the bridging hub can function as the media through which not only disconnection among citizens and their local government, but information asymmetry among Mayor, public officials, and citizens can be overcome.
{"title":"How do social media make government more responsive?: Evidence from network analysis of Twitter use in Seoul Metropolitan City in Korea","authors":"S. Eom, Hanchan Hwang, Jun Houng Kim","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912183","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the expectation that Twitter and other types of social media can contribute to enhancing democratic values including responsiveness, it seems that empirical studies on whether social media use leads to improvement in democratic values actually and how social media should be used to achieve expected effects have been rarely conducted. The purpose of this study is to analyze usefulness of Twitter for increasing responsiveness and to figure out the mechanism through which Twitter use leads to enhancement in responsiveness by applying social network analysis (SNA) on the Twitter network on civil administration service of Seoul Metropolitan City in Korea and doing case study on the actual interaction among Mayor, public officials, and citizens in the Twitter network. According to the research findings, Seoul City Mayor played a role of the most important bridging hub mediating citizens and public officials in the Twitter network on civil administration service of Seoul. Also, the authors find that the interaction among public officials and citizens mediated by Mayor on the Twitter network led to actual improvement in responsiveness. More specifically, the Twitter network in which Mayor plays a role of the bridging hub can function as the media through which not only disconnection among citizens and their local government, but information asymmetry among Mayor, public officials, and citizens can be overcome.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124223490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information Technology Outsourcing (ITO) practices are widely adopted in the Public Sector. However, research is still needed to better understand critical factors in outsourcing relationships and to improve success rates. This paper constitutes a review of the literature in Information Technology Outsourcing with the goal of exploring the theoretical foundations for ITO Research. We found that, although many different theories have been used in ITO research, six theories dominate the research landscape to explore main influencing factors or determinants of IT outsourcing decisions and outcomes. The theories can be categorized in three main approaches, economic, strategic and relational. In the paper, we describe each theoretical perspective and show evidence of the contribution and limitations of each of these theories on explaining the IT outsourcing phenomenon. Based on the findings of review and the reality of IT outsourcing practice in public sector, we finish the paper with recommendations for future research of ITO in the Public Sector.
{"title":"Theoretical Foundations to Information Technology Outsourcing Research in the Public Sector","authors":"Lili Fan, L. Luna-Reyes","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912182","url":null,"abstract":"Information Technology Outsourcing (ITO) practices are widely adopted in the Public Sector. However, research is still needed to better understand critical factors in outsourcing relationships and to improve success rates. This paper constitutes a review of the literature in Information Technology Outsourcing with the goal of exploring the theoretical foundations for ITO Research. We found that, although many different theories have been used in ITO research, six theories dominate the research landscape to explore main influencing factors or determinants of IT outsourcing decisions and outcomes. The theories can be categorized in three main approaches, economic, strategic and relational. In the paper, we describe each theoretical perspective and show evidence of the contribution and limitations of each of these theories on explaining the IT outsourcing phenomenon. Based on the findings of review and the reality of IT outsourcing practice in public sector, we finish the paper with recommendations for future research of ITO in the Public Sector.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"221 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116064631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Democratic decision making on public issues requires that a collective form of public opinion be constructed in order to be legitimate. However, elicitation of collective public opinion has been challenging due to conceptual and methodological difficulties as well as practical constraints. This paper revisits existing methods of civic engagement through the lens of structured public decision making, and reveals the disconnects between methods of public opinion and the need for establishing public value and solid decision analysis in democratic decision making. This explains why the current online deliberation systems fail to support formation of decision-relevant public opinions. Based on such understanding, we propose Community Opinion Elicitation (COPE) as a solution to public engagement in local government decision making. COPE envisions a three-phase process where opinions from the general public are elicited (Phase III) only after public values and solid decision analysis have been established (Phases I and II). In practice, COPE is implemented by extending traditional online deliberation with two small-group deliberations that address public value identification and decision analysis. This process has been deployed by State College municipal government as a formal method to engage the public. We report our findings from such field exercises and their implications to scaling up online deliberation for public decision making.
{"title":"Collective Opinion Formation for Public Decision Making in Local Governments","authors":"Ye Tian, Guoray Cai","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912194","url":null,"abstract":"Democratic decision making on public issues requires that a collective form of public opinion be constructed in order to be legitimate. However, elicitation of collective public opinion has been challenging due to conceptual and methodological difficulties as well as practical constraints. This paper revisits existing methods of civic engagement through the lens of structured public decision making, and reveals the disconnects between methods of public opinion and the need for establishing public value and solid decision analysis in democratic decision making. This explains why the current online deliberation systems fail to support formation of decision-relevant public opinions. Based on such understanding, we propose Community Opinion Elicitation (COPE) as a solution to public engagement in local government decision making. COPE envisions a three-phase process where opinions from the general public are elicited (Phase III) only after public values and solid decision analysis have been established (Phases I and II). In practice, COPE is implemented by extending traditional online deliberation with two small-group deliberations that address public value identification and decision analysis. This process has been deployed by State College municipal government as a formal method to engage the public. We report our findings from such field exercises and their implications to scaling up online deliberation for public decision making.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122022462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Previous work has demonstrated the importance of entrepreneurship and economic freedom in encouraging economic growth. However, the conditions under which societies tend to liberalize their economies toward business friendly environments have yet to be established and therefore merit further study. Using cross-sectional, time-series data, this paper finds a robust, positive relationship between Internet usage and the ease of doing business within countries. Moreover, this effect is particularly strong in countries with lower levels of democracy. Because the relationship between Internet usage and the ease of doing business is dynamic and theoretically endogenous, a Difference GMM approach is used to isolate the exogenous effects of Internet use by businesses. Given the increasing prevalence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) throughout the world, a robust relationship between Internet use and the ease of doing business suggests that the ease of doing business will continue to improve in the future.
{"title":"The Internet and Autocracy: Unpacking the Effects of Internet Freedom","authors":"Jonathan Cham","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912190","url":null,"abstract":"Previous work has demonstrated the importance of entrepreneurship and economic freedom in encouraging economic growth. However, the conditions under which societies tend to liberalize their economies toward business friendly environments have yet to be established and therefore merit further study. Using cross-sectional, time-series data, this paper finds a robust, positive relationship between Internet usage and the ease of doing business within countries. Moreover, this effect is particularly strong in countries with lower levels of democracy. Because the relationship between Internet usage and the ease of doing business is dynamic and theoretically endogenous, a Difference GMM approach is used to isolate the exogenous effects of Internet use by businesses. Given the increasing prevalence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) throughout the world, a robust relationship between Internet use and the ease of doing business suggests that the ease of doing business will continue to improve in the future.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122195461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on previous technology acceptance models, this poster attempts to understand the role of policy tools for the acceptance and use of government open data portals. Many governments around the world have developed open data portals and are using various policy tools to help make people aware of the existence of these portals and enable their use. The poster proposes a mixed-method research design in which data will be collected and analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods; specifically, we plan to conduct semi-structured interviews and a survey administered to daycare center directors and teachers in Changwon City in South Korea. The overall goal is to understand the role of policy tools for the acceptance and use of government open data portals.
{"title":"User Acceptance of Open Data Portals in Korea: The Role of Policy Tools","authors":"Heyseoung Jo, José Ramón Gil-García","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912238","url":null,"abstract":"Based on previous technology acceptance models, this poster attempts to understand the role of policy tools for the acceptance and use of government open data portals. Many governments around the world have developed open data portals and are using various policy tools to help make people aware of the existence of these portals and enable their use. The poster proposes a mixed-method research design in which data will be collected and analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods; specifically, we plan to conduct semi-structured interviews and a survey administered to daycare center directors and teachers in Changwon City in South Korea. The overall goal is to understand the role of policy tools for the acceptance and use of government open data portals.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123296356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kubler, J. Robert, Yves Le Traon, Jürgen Umbrich, S. Neumaier
During recent years, more and more Open Data becomes available and used as part of the Open Data movement. However, there are reported issues with the quality of the metadata in data portals and the data itself. This is a serious risk that could disrupt the Open Data project, as well as e-government initiatives since the data quality needs to be managed to guarantee the reliability of e-government to the public. First quality assessment frameworks emerge to evaluate the quality for a given dataset or portal along various dimensions (e.g., information completeness). Nonetheless, a common problem with such frameworks is to provide meaningful ranking mechanisms that are able to integrate several quality dimensions and user preferences (e.g., a portal provider is likely to have different quality preferences than a portal consumer). To address this multi-criteria decision making problem, our research work applies AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), which compares 146 active Open Data portals across 44 countries, powered by the CKAN software.
{"title":"Open Data Portal Quality Comparison using AHP","authors":"S. Kubler, J. Robert, Yves Le Traon, Jürgen Umbrich, S. Neumaier","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912167","url":null,"abstract":"During recent years, more and more Open Data becomes available and used as part of the Open Data movement. However, there are reported issues with the quality of the metadata in data portals and the data itself. This is a serious risk that could disrupt the Open Data project, as well as e-government initiatives since the data quality needs to be managed to guarantee the reliability of e-government to the public. First quality assessment frameworks emerge to evaluate the quality for a given dataset or portal along various dimensions (e.g., information completeness). Nonetheless, a common problem with such frameworks is to provide meaningful ranking mechanisms that are able to integrate several quality dimensions and user preferences (e.g., a portal provider is likely to have different quality preferences than a portal consumer). To address this multi-criteria decision making problem, our research work applies AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), which compares 146 active Open Data portals across 44 countries, powered by the CKAN software.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129847156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We compare the implementations and practices of open government and open government data in Mexico, Russia, and the US using a set of common concepts focused on policy environment and context. After providing thumbnail sketches of each country, we consider how variations among the countries are relate to context-specific historical problems, policies and politics From there we comment on the prospects for the institutionalization of open government and open data in each country.
{"title":"Open Data and Open Government: From Abstract Principles to Institutionalized Practices","authors":"Evgeny Styrin, L. Luna-Reyes, T. M. Harrison","doi":"10.1145/2912160.2912161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2912160.2912161","url":null,"abstract":"We compare the implementations and practices of open government and open government data in Mexico, Russia, and the US using a set of common concepts focused on policy environment and context. After providing thumbnail sketches of each country, we consider how variations among the countries are relate to context-specific historical problems, policies and politics From there we comment on the prospects for the institutionalization of open government and open data in each country.","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124445440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Tutorials and Workshops","authors":"N. Zhang, A. Kankanhalli","doi":"10.1145/3254118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3254118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270321,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116266486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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