Background: The relationship between various blood glucose-lowering treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the mortality and complication rates of COVID-19 infection holds significant relevance. Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical progression of COVID-19 in T2DM patients previously treated with sitagliptin, metformin, or a combination of both. Methods: The study reviewed the medical records of T2DM patients with COVID-19 who had received treatment with sitagliptin, metformin, or both. Participants were selected from those admitted to Naft Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, from March 2020 to March 2022. Data on mortality and adverse outcomes related to COVID-19 were gathered from the medical records. Results: The study included 529 diabetic patients treated with metformin (n = 197), sitagliptin (n = 231), or both (n = 101) for a minimum of three months. The overall mortality rate among diabetic patients was 15.1%, with the metformin group showing the highest mortality rate at 28.9% (P < 0.0001). Significant differences were observed among the three treatment groups in terms of the frequency of acute respiratory failure (P < 0.0001), stroke (P = 0.002), pulmonary embolism (P < 0.0001), and the necessity for ICU admission (P < 0.0001). Nonetheless, the incidence of myocardial infarction did not significantly differ between the groups. Conclusions: The findings suggest that sitagliptin use for blood sugar control in T2DM patients may help reduce adverse outcomes and the risk of death due to COVID-19. Mortality and morbidity rates were found to be higher in patients treated with metformin compared to those in the other groups.
{"title":"Frequency of Mortality and Adverse Outcomes of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Type 2 Diabetics with a History of Sitagliptin or Metformin Use","authors":"Hanieh Raji, Homeira Rashidi, Leila Moradi, Fatemeh Kianizadeh, Ali Mahmoodi, Saied Saeidimehr","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-140475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-140475","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The relationship between various blood glucose-lowering treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the mortality and complication rates of COVID-19 infection holds significant relevance. Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical progression of COVID-19 in T2DM patients previously treated with sitagliptin, metformin, or a combination of both. Methods: The study reviewed the medical records of T2DM patients with COVID-19 who had received treatment with sitagliptin, metformin, or both. Participants were selected from those admitted to Naft Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, from March 2020 to March 2022. Data on mortality and adverse outcomes related to COVID-19 were gathered from the medical records. Results: The study included 529 diabetic patients treated with metformin (n = 197), sitagliptin (n = 231), or both (n = 101) for a minimum of three months. The overall mortality rate among diabetic patients was 15.1%, with the metformin group showing the highest mortality rate at 28.9% (P < 0.0001). Significant differences were observed among the three treatment groups in terms of the frequency of acute respiratory failure (P < 0.0001), stroke (P = 0.002), pulmonary embolism (P < 0.0001), and the necessity for ICU admission (P < 0.0001). Nonetheless, the incidence of myocardial infarction did not significantly differ between the groups. Conclusions: The findings suggest that sitagliptin use for blood sugar control in T2DM patients may help reduce adverse outcomes and the risk of death due to COVID-19. Mortality and morbidity rates were found to be higher in patients treated with metformin compared to those in the other groups.","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ahmadi, Mohammadreza Mirkarimi, Shabnam Khanifar, H. Javaherizadeh, Mohsen Ali Samir
Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) stands as the most common chronic multisystem and fatal inherited disease. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the clinical presentation and laboratory findings in children with CF. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed the records of CF patients over a 2-year period beginning in 2018. The diagnosis of CF was confirmed based on clinical manifestations, sweat chloride tests, or genetic studies. Children aged ≥ 2 years were included; nevertheless, patients without sweat chloride tests or genetic studies were excluded. This study recorded demographic features, gastrointestinal manifestations, vitamin D levels, and the number of hospital admissions. A pediatric gastroenterologist conducted fecal elastase and stool fat analyses to evaluate pancreatic insufficiency. Vitamin D levels < 30 ng/mL were considered vitamin D insufficiency; however, levels < 20 ng/mL indicated a vitamin D deficiency. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: This study included 59 children (37 male and 22 female) in the study. Low weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) percentiles (< 5) were most frequently observed. Approximately 86.4% of the patients had consanguineous parents, and 40.7% had affected siblings. Failure to thrive (FTT) (49.2%) and recurrent respiratory infections (45.8%) were the most common clinical presentations. A majority (57.7%) of the patients were diagnosed before the age of 1 year. The mean number of admissions in the past 2 years was 3, and 58% of the cases reported gastrointestinal symptoms. A significant correlation was observed between vitamin D levels and the number of hospital admissions (Pearson coefficient = 0.298, P = 0.042). Conclusions: In this study, there was a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and FTT in children with CF. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between vitamin D levels and the number of hospital admissions over a 2-year period.
背景：囊性纤维化（CF）是最常见的慢性多系统致命性遗传疾病。研究目的本研究旨在评估囊性纤维化患儿的临床表现和实验室检查结果。方法：这是一项回顾性横断面研究：这项回顾性横断面研究回顾了自 2018 年开始的两年内 CF 患者的病历。CF的诊断是根据临床表现、汗液氯化物检测或基因研究确诊的。年龄≥2岁的儿童被纳入研究范围；然而，未进行汗液氯化物检测或基因研究的患者被排除在外。本研究记录了人口统计学特征、胃肠道表现、维生素 D 水平和入院次数。一名儿科胃肠病专家进行了粪便弹性蛋白酶和粪便脂肪分析，以评估胰腺功能不全。维生素D水平<30纳克/毫升被认为是维生素D不足；然而，维生素D水平<20纳克/毫升则表示维生素D缺乏。P 值小于 0.05 视为具有统计学意义。研究结果本研究共纳入 59 名儿童（37 名男性和 22 名女性）。体重、身高和体重指数（BMI）百分位数（小于 5）偏低的情况最为常见。约 86.4% 的患者父母是近亲，40.7% 的患者有受影响的兄弟姐妹。发育不良（49.2%）和反复呼吸道感染（45.8%）是最常见的临床表现。大多数患者（57.7%）在一岁前被确诊。过去两年入院的平均次数为 3 次，58% 的病例报告了胃肠道症状。维生素 D 水平与入院次数之间存在明显相关性（皮尔逊系数 = 0.298，P = 0.042）。结论在这项研究中，CF 患儿维生素 D 不足和 FTT 的发病率很高。此外，维生素 D 水平与两年内入院次数之间存在显著相关性。
{"title":"Vitamin D Level, Weight, Height, and BMI Among Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Retrospective Study","authors":"M. Ahmadi, Mohammadreza Mirkarimi, Shabnam Khanifar, H. Javaherizadeh, Mohsen Ali Samir","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-139033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-139033","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) stands as the most common chronic multisystem and fatal inherited disease. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the clinical presentation and laboratory findings in children with CF. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed the records of CF patients over a 2-year period beginning in 2018. The diagnosis of CF was confirmed based on clinical manifestations, sweat chloride tests, or genetic studies. Children aged ≥ 2 years were included; nevertheless, patients without sweat chloride tests or genetic studies were excluded. This study recorded demographic features, gastrointestinal manifestations, vitamin D levels, and the number of hospital admissions. A pediatric gastroenterologist conducted fecal elastase and stool fat analyses to evaluate pancreatic insufficiency. Vitamin D levels < 30 ng/mL were considered vitamin D insufficiency; however, levels < 20 ng/mL indicated a vitamin D deficiency. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: This study included 59 children (37 male and 22 female) in the study. Low weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) percentiles (< 5) were most frequently observed. Approximately 86.4% of the patients had consanguineous parents, and 40.7% had affected siblings. Failure to thrive (FTT) (49.2%) and recurrent respiratory infections (45.8%) were the most common clinical presentations. A majority (57.7%) of the patients were diagnosed before the age of 1 year. The mean number of admissions in the past 2 years was 3, and 58% of the cases reported gastrointestinal symptoms. A significant correlation was observed between vitamin D levels and the number of hospital admissions (Pearson coefficient = 0.298, P = 0.042). Conclusions: In this study, there was a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and FTT in children with CF. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between vitamin D levels and the number of hospital admissions over a 2-year period.","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138972652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a prevalent chronic musculoskeletal problem among older people, leading to pain, muscle weakness, and a decline in the quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques on the muscle strength of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on all patients with knee osteoarthritis who visited orthopedic offices in Darab City in 2021. A non-probability sampling method was used to select 50 eligible patients, who were then divided into 2 groups: an experimental group and a control group. The allocation of participants into these groups was done by a block randomization method. The experimental group underwent proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques for eight weeks, with two sessions per week lasting 30 - 45 minutes. In contrast, the control group received only routine care. Muscle strength in both groups was evaluated using the manual muscle test scale before, four weeks, and immediately after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21, descriptive statistics (such as central tendency and dispersion indices), independent t, chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney U, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Wilcoxon, and repeated measures ANOVA tests. A significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: Fifty patients (24% male and 76% female) with a mean age of 53.6 ± 10 completed this study. There was no statistically significant difference by mean scores of muscle strength parameters, including degree (2.8 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3), the percentage of normality (45 ± 10 vs. 44 ± 12), and scale (2.8 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3) between the intervention group and the control group on the before of intervention, respectively. However, a significant difference was observed by degree (3.6 ± 0.6 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3; P = 0.001), the percentage of normality (65 ± 14 vs. 45 ± 9; P = 0.001), and scale (3.5 ± 0.6 vs 2.8 ± 0.3; P = 0.001) between the intervention group and the control group, respectively, at the end of the intervention. Conclusions: The proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques could improve the muscle strength of patients with knee osteoarthritis. If this finding is confirmed in other studies, healthcare workers should use these techniques for the benefit of these patients.
{"title":"The Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Techniques on Muscular Strength in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Quasi-Experimental Study","authors":"Narges Salehi, Hamid Reza Mohammadi, Abdollah Poursamad, A. Afrasiabifar, Shahla Najafi Doulatabad","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-140995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-140995","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a prevalent chronic musculoskeletal problem among older people, leading to pain, muscle weakness, and a decline in the quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques on the muscle strength of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on all patients with knee osteoarthritis who visited orthopedic offices in Darab City in 2021. A non-probability sampling method was used to select 50 eligible patients, who were then divided into 2 groups: an experimental group and a control group. The allocation of participants into these groups was done by a block randomization method. The experimental group underwent proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques for eight weeks, with two sessions per week lasting 30 - 45 minutes. In contrast, the control group received only routine care. Muscle strength in both groups was evaluated using the manual muscle test scale before, four weeks, and immediately after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21, descriptive statistics (such as central tendency and dispersion indices), independent t, chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney U, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Wilcoxon, and repeated measures ANOVA tests. A significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: Fifty patients (24% male and 76% female) with a mean age of 53.6 ± 10 completed this study. There was no statistically significant difference by mean scores of muscle strength parameters, including degree (2.8 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3), the percentage of normality (45 ± 10 vs. 44 ± 12), and scale (2.8 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3) between the intervention group and the control group on the before of intervention, respectively. However, a significant difference was observed by degree (3.6 ± 0.6 vs. 2.8 ± 0.3; P = 0.001), the percentage of normality (65 ± 14 vs. 45 ± 9; P = 0.001), and scale (3.5 ± 0.6 vs 2.8 ± 0.3; P = 0.001) between the intervention group and the control group, respectively, at the end of the intervention. Conclusions: The proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques could improve the muscle strength of patients with knee osteoarthritis. If this finding is confirmed in other studies, healthcare workers should use these techniques for the benefit of these patients.","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138972646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: A reciprocal relationship exists between disease and the quality of life experienced by individuals afflicted with chronic illnesses. Thalassemia is one such condition that accompanies individuals throughout their entire lives. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of a family-centered empowerment model utilizing mobile learning on the quality of life of children aged 6 - 12 years diagnosed with thalassemia. Methods: This study adopted a quasi-experimental design involving 172 patients with medical records at the Shafa Thalassemia Center in Ahvaz, Iran. Participants were selected based on inclusion criteria and subsequently divided into two groups: The intervention group and the control group, each comprising 86 individuals. Data collection tools included the children’s quality of life questionnaire (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory [Ped-SQL]) and researcher-designed questionnaires to measure parents’ awareness and self-efficacy in the field of thalassemia. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21) and the Mann-Whitney U statistical test. Results: The results demonstrated a significant increase in the level of children’s quality of life following the educational intervention within the intervention group when compared to their pre-education status (P < 0.001). Specifically, 54 (62.7%) of the children who received the intervention exhibited a good level of quality of life after the intervention; however, both before and after the educational intervention, the quality of life of 46 (53.4%) of the children in the control group was reported as poor. Furthermore, the implementation of this model led to a significant increase in parents’ awareness (P < 0.001) and self-efficacy (P = 0.002). These improvements were also notably higher than the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that family-centered mobile learning programs targeted at parents of children with thalassemia can enhance and enrich the quality of life experienced by these children. This approach should be considered an integral part of the care provided to these patients.
{"title":"Effect of Family-Centered Empowerment Model Using Mobile Learning on the Quality of Life in Children with Thalassemia: A Quasi-Experimental Study","authors":"Akram Hemmati Pour, Dariush Rokhafrooz, Seyedeh Moloud Rasouli Ghahfarokhi, Z. Mirmoghtadaie","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-138139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-138139","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A reciprocal relationship exists between disease and the quality of life experienced by individuals afflicted with chronic illnesses. Thalassemia is one such condition that accompanies individuals throughout their entire lives. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of a family-centered empowerment model utilizing mobile learning on the quality of life of children aged 6 - 12 years diagnosed with thalassemia. Methods: This study adopted a quasi-experimental design involving 172 patients with medical records at the Shafa Thalassemia Center in Ahvaz, Iran. Participants were selected based on inclusion criteria and subsequently divided into two groups: The intervention group and the control group, each comprising 86 individuals. Data collection tools included the children’s quality of life questionnaire (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory [Ped-SQL]) and researcher-designed questionnaires to measure parents’ awareness and self-efficacy in the field of thalassemia. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21) and the Mann-Whitney U statistical test. Results: The results demonstrated a significant increase in the level of children’s quality of life following the educational intervention within the intervention group when compared to their pre-education status (P < 0.001). Specifically, 54 (62.7%) of the children who received the intervention exhibited a good level of quality of life after the intervention; however, both before and after the educational intervention, the quality of life of 46 (53.4%) of the children in the control group was reported as poor. Furthermore, the implementation of this model led to a significant increase in parents’ awareness (P < 0.001) and self-efficacy (P = 0.002). These improvements were also notably higher than the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that family-centered mobile learning programs targeted at parents of children with thalassemia can enhance and enrich the quality of life experienced by these children. This approach should be considered an integral part of the care provided to these patients.","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139005032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or markers of kidney damage persisting for more than 3 months. In Iran, the age-adjusted prevalence of CKD is 14.9%, based on the published literature. It has emerged as a significant health concern associated with morbidity, mortality, and a diminished quality of life. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the survival rate and its predictors in hemodialysis patients. Methods: The data were collected from teaching hospitals affiliated with Abadan University of Medical Sciences between January 2002 and December 2017. The patient survival period was plotted using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The Cox regression model was employed to analyze the influence of various variables on the desired time. Results: A total of 389 patients were included in the study. Among them, 79% were married, and 229 (60.1%) were illiterate. The probabilities of 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival of the patients were 0.92, 0.46, and 0.02, respectively. The Cox regression model revealed that the risk of death in hemodialysis patients with hypertension was 1.45 times higher than in those without hypertension. Additionally, factors such as rural residence, older age, using permanent catheters, high serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels increased the adjusted hazard ratio in hemodialysis patients. Conclusions: After adjusting for confounding factors, this study demonstrated a significant association between advancing age, hypertension, using permanent catheters, and reduced survival rates in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
{"title":"Survival Rate and Associated Risk Factors Among Hemodialysis Patients in Southwest Iran: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Mehran Yari, Fakher Rahim, Elham Maraghi, Mahmood Banari, Aliasghar Valipour, Azimeh Karimyan, M. Khafaie","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-138089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-138089","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or markers of kidney damage persisting for more than 3 months. In Iran, the age-adjusted prevalence of CKD is 14.9%, based on the published literature. It has emerged as a significant health concern associated with morbidity, mortality, and a diminished quality of life. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the survival rate and its predictors in hemodialysis patients. Methods: The data were collected from teaching hospitals affiliated with Abadan University of Medical Sciences between January 2002 and December 2017. The patient survival period was plotted using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The Cox regression model was employed to analyze the influence of various variables on the desired time. Results: A total of 389 patients were included in the study. Among them, 79% were married, and 229 (60.1%) were illiterate. The probabilities of 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival of the patients were 0.92, 0.46, and 0.02, respectively. The Cox regression model revealed that the risk of death in hemodialysis patients with hypertension was 1.45 times higher than in those without hypertension. Additionally, factors such as rural residence, older age, using permanent catheters, high serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels increased the adjusted hazard ratio in hemodialysis patients. Conclusions: After adjusting for confounding factors, this study demonstrated a significant association between advancing age, hypertension, using permanent catheters, and reduced survival rates in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"40 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139003868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bayani, Azade Talebnia Roshan, Sousan Moudi, Hemmat Gholinia Ahangar
Background: Depressive disorders are more common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to the general population. Objectives: Due to heterogeneous evidence on the impact of antidepressants on serum glucose profile, this study was conducted to examine the effects of sertraline and fluoxetine on serum glucose levels in patients with comorbid depression and diabetes. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 40 adult patients with DM and depression were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 20 per group). The first group received 50 - 200 mg/day of sertraline, and the second group received 20 - 60 mg/day of fluoxetine. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was used to determine depression severity, and body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, serum lipid profile, fasting blood sugar (FBS), 2-hour post-prandial blood glucose, and HbA1c were measured at the baseline and 12 weeks after the intervention. Results: Body mass index (P = 0.40), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.41), FBS (P = 0.46), 2-hour post-prandial blood glucose (P = 0.53), HbA1c (P = 0.59), serum total cholesterol (P = 0.78), and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.62) insignificantly reduced in both groups after the intervention compared to the baseline; however, the reduction in serum triglyceride level was statistically significant (P = 0.04). Also, the depression severity score was reduced in both groups; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.27). Conclusions: In adult patients diagnosed with comorbid depression and type II diabetes mellitus, three months of treatment with sertraline or fluoxetine comparably mitigated depressive symptoms and reduced HbA1c, FBS, and 2-hour post-prandial blood glucose.
{"title":"Sertraline and Fluoxetine in Adult Patients with Comorbid Depression and Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"M. Bayani, Azade Talebnia Roshan, Sousan Moudi, Hemmat Gholinia Ahangar","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-138454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-138454","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Depressive disorders are more common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to the general population. Objectives: Due to heterogeneous evidence on the impact of antidepressants on serum glucose profile, this study was conducted to examine the effects of sertraline and fluoxetine on serum glucose levels in patients with comorbid depression and diabetes. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 40 adult patients with DM and depression were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 20 per group). The first group received 50 - 200 mg/day of sertraline, and the second group received 20 - 60 mg/day of fluoxetine. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was used to determine depression severity, and body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, serum lipid profile, fasting blood sugar (FBS), 2-hour post-prandial blood glucose, and HbA1c were measured at the baseline and 12 weeks after the intervention. Results: Body mass index (P = 0.40), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.41), FBS (P = 0.46), 2-hour post-prandial blood glucose (P = 0.53), HbA1c (P = 0.59), serum total cholesterol (P = 0.78), and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.62) insignificantly reduced in both groups after the intervention compared to the baseline; however, the reduction in serum triglyceride level was statistically significant (P = 0.04). Also, the depression severity score was reduced in both groups; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.27). Conclusions: In adult patients diagnosed with comorbid depression and type II diabetes mellitus, three months of treatment with sertraline or fluoxetine comparably mitigated depressive symptoms and reduced HbA1c, FBS, and 2-hour post-prandial blood glucose.","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"35 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139005275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yousef Nikmanesh, Kourosh Zarea, N. Hatamzadeh, Marya Cheraghi, Masoume Taherian, Saeid Jalali, Nourolla Tahery, H. Shahriyari, Akram Zhiani Fard, Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
Context: A wide range of complications, including chronic respiratory diseases, asthma attacks, cardiovascular diseases (CDs), various cancers (blood, lung, and brain), and even death, can result from air pollution. It is essential to assess the health effects on humans caused by environmental air pollutants and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this review study was to investigate the synergistic effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and air pollutants on the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), CDs, and respiratory diseases (RDs). Evidence Acquisition: An extensive literature review was conducted. A total of 1 005 articles were retrieved from sources, including Google Scholar, Springer, PubMed, Web of Science, and Springer databases. In the final stage of the literature review, a significant association between mortality related to COVID-19 and air pollution emissions was identified, contributing to the risk factors associated with CDs and RDs. Results: The result showed that air pollution can have synergistic effects on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 viruses and has an increasing effect on the incidence of RDs [such as SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)] and CDs. According to the findings, exposure to toxic air pollutants, whether chronic or acute, can have severe effects, including a decrease in airway ciliary function, damage to the mucous membrane, reduced air sac elasticity, decreased lung capacity, and an increased risk of CDs. Conclusions: COVID-19 and air pollutants pose a serious threat to human and animal health. Epidemiological studies have shown that in addition to environmental conditions, individual sensitivity plays a key role in the development of conditions such as COPD, CDs, RDs, cancer, and mortality.
{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 and Air Pollution on the Risk Factors Attributed to COPD, Cardiovascular, and Respiratory Diseases","authors":"Yousef Nikmanesh, Kourosh Zarea, N. Hatamzadeh, Marya Cheraghi, Masoume Taherian, Saeid Jalali, Nourolla Tahery, H. Shahriyari, Akram Zhiani Fard, Mohammad Javad Mohammadi","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-139881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-139881","url":null,"abstract":"Context: A wide range of complications, including chronic respiratory diseases, asthma attacks, cardiovascular diseases (CDs), various cancers (blood, lung, and brain), and even death, can result from air pollution. It is essential to assess the health effects on humans caused by environmental air pollutants and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this review study was to investigate the synergistic effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and air pollutants on the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), CDs, and respiratory diseases (RDs). Evidence Acquisition: An extensive literature review was conducted. A total of 1 005 articles were retrieved from sources, including Google Scholar, Springer, PubMed, Web of Science, and Springer databases. In the final stage of the literature review, a significant association between mortality related to COVID-19 and air pollution emissions was identified, contributing to the risk factors associated with CDs and RDs. Results: The result showed that air pollution can have synergistic effects on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 viruses and has an increasing effect on the incidence of RDs [such as SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)] and CDs. According to the findings, exposure to toxic air pollutants, whether chronic or acute, can have severe effects, including a decrease in airway ciliary function, damage to the mucous membrane, reduced air sac elasticity, decreased lung capacity, and an increased risk of CDs. Conclusions: COVID-19 and air pollutants pose a serious threat to human and animal health. Epidemiological studies have shown that in addition to environmental conditions, individual sensitivity plays a key role in the development of conditions such as COPD, CDs, RDs, cancer, and mortality.","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iman Davarpanah, Mohamad Adine, N. Elahi, M. Haghighizadeh
Background: Open-heart surgery is associated with life-threatening complications, and providing nonstandard nursing care without any plan for patients undergoing this type of surgery in the intensive care unit (ICU) can deteriorate their conditions. Objectives: This study investigated the effect of providing nursing care based on Gordon's functional health patterns model on the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery in the cardiac surgery ICU. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study involving 58 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery admitted to the cardiac surgery ICU of Ahvaz Golestan Hospital in 2021. The patients were selected using convenience sampling and based on the inclusion criteria, and they were divided into intervention and control groups. First, the information related to the outcomes of the patients in the control group was collected using a checklist. Then, all the ICU nurses working at the study site were trained in Gordon's model and how to perform nursing care based on this model. They provided the necessary nursing care based on this model for the patients in the intervention group under the supervision of the researcher. The data of the patients in the intervention group were collected after completion of the intervention using the same checklist used for the control group. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the length of stay at the ICU (P = 0.007), length of ventilation (P = 0.001), and successful weaning from the ventilator (P = 0.026). However, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of patient mortality (P = 0.16) or re-admission to the ICU (P = 0.16). Conclusions: According to the results, Gordon's functional health patterns model of the nursing process can be easily used to improve the care and treatment outcomes of patients admitted to the cardiac surgery ICU.
{"title":"The Effect of Implementing Nursing Care Based on Gordon's Functional Health Patterns Model on the Clinical Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in the Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Iman Davarpanah, Mohamad Adine, N. Elahi, M. Haghighizadeh","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-139899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-139899","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Open-heart surgery is associated with life-threatening complications, and providing nonstandard nursing care without any plan for patients undergoing this type of surgery in the intensive care unit (ICU) can deteriorate their conditions. Objectives: This study investigated the effect of providing nursing care based on Gordon's functional health patterns model on the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery in the cardiac surgery ICU. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study involving 58 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery admitted to the cardiac surgery ICU of Ahvaz Golestan Hospital in 2021. The patients were selected using convenience sampling and based on the inclusion criteria, and they were divided into intervention and control groups. First, the information related to the outcomes of the patients in the control group was collected using a checklist. Then, all the ICU nurses working at the study site were trained in Gordon's model and how to perform nursing care based on this model. They provided the necessary nursing care based on this model for the patients in the intervention group under the supervision of the researcher. The data of the patients in the intervention group were collected after completion of the intervention using the same checklist used for the control group. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the length of stay at the ICU (P = 0.007), length of ventilation (P = 0.001), and successful weaning from the ventilator (P = 0.026). However, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of patient mortality (P = 0.16) or re-admission to the ICU (P = 0.16). Conclusions: According to the results, Gordon's functional health patterns model of the nursing process can be easily used to improve the care and treatment outcomes of patients admitted to the cardiac surgery ICU.","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hossein Khorany, Maryam Momeni, Abbas Ahmadi, S. Motalebi
Background: Morality is an important factor affecting the quality of care. To provide high-quality patient care, nurses are facing a number of ethical problems that need moral skills to be solved. Moral sensitivity is the first logical step toward ethical decision-making and judgment. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the predictive value of moral sensitivity for the quality of care delivered by Iranian nurses. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 250 nurses who were selected by census sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from selected hospitals in Qazvin, Iran, in 2022. The required data were gathered by the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (MSQ) and the Quality Patient Care Scale (QUALPAC). Data were analyzed using a multivariate regression model. Results: The mean age of the nurses was 32.62 ± 6.95 years old, ranging from 22 to 54 years. The quality of care from the viewpoint of most nurses (n = 198, 78.0%) was desirable. The highest quality of care was related to the physical dimension (69.56 ± 8.48), and the least was related to the psychosocial dimension (89.74 ± 9.47). The highest moral sensitivity was related to the dimensions of relational orientation (15.03 ± 2.93) and respect for the patient's autonomy (7.88 ± 1.73). The results also revealed that moral sensitivity (β = 0.43, P < 0.001), gender (β = 0.30, P < 0.001), and economic status (β = -0.17, P = 0.003) were the most significant predictors of the quality of nursing care. Conclusions: Our results highlighted that boosting moral sensitivity among nurses could be effective in improving the quality of nursing care. So, it is recommended to hold periodic training programs to teach ethical principles to nurses to promote their moral sensitivity and, therefore, the quality of patient care.
背景:道德是影响护理质量的重要因素。为了提供高质量的病人护理，护士面临着许多需要道德技能来解决的伦理问题。道德敏感性是迈向伦理决策和判断的第一步逻辑。目的:本研究旨在确定道德敏感性对伊朗护士护理质量的预测价值。方法:对2022年在伊朗加兹温选定的医院根据纳入和排除标准通过人口普查抽样选出的250名护士进行横断面研究。采用道德敏感性问卷(MSQ)和优质病人护理量表(QUALPAC)收集所需数据。数据采用多元回归模型进行分析。结果:护理人员平均年龄为32.62±6.95岁，年龄范围为22 ~ 54岁。大多数护士(198人，78.0%)认为护理质量较好。护理质量最高的是身体维度(69.56±8.48)，最低的是心理社会维度(89.74±9.47)。道德敏感度最高的维度为关系取向(15.03±2.93)和尊重患者自主(7.88±1.73)。道德敏感性(β = 0.43, P < 0.001)、性别(β = 0.30, P < 0.001)和经济状况(β = -0.17, P = 0.003)是影响护理质量的最显著因素。结论:我们的研究结果强调，提高护士的道德敏感性可以有效提高护理质量。因此，建议定期举办培训课程，向护士传授道德原则，以提高他们的道德敏感性，从而提高患者护理质量。
{"title":"Predictive Value of Moral Sensitivity for Quality of Care Among Iranian Nurses","authors":"Hossein Khorany, Maryam Momeni, Abbas Ahmadi, S. Motalebi","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-138899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-138899","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Morality is an important factor affecting the quality of care. To provide high-quality patient care, nurses are facing a number of ethical problems that need moral skills to be solved. Moral sensitivity is the first logical step toward ethical decision-making and judgment. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the predictive value of moral sensitivity for the quality of care delivered by Iranian nurses. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 250 nurses who were selected by census sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from selected hospitals in Qazvin, Iran, in 2022. The required data were gathered by the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (MSQ) and the Quality Patient Care Scale (QUALPAC). Data were analyzed using a multivariate regression model. Results: The mean age of the nurses was 32.62 ± 6.95 years old, ranging from 22 to 54 years. The quality of care from the viewpoint of most nurses (n = 198, 78.0%) was desirable. The highest quality of care was related to the physical dimension (69.56 ± 8.48), and the least was related to the psychosocial dimension (89.74 ± 9.47). The highest moral sensitivity was related to the dimensions of relational orientation (15.03 ± 2.93) and respect for the patient's autonomy (7.88 ± 1.73). The results also revealed that moral sensitivity (β = 0.43, P < 0.001), gender (β = 0.30, P < 0.001), and economic status (β = -0.17, P = 0.003) were the most significant predictors of the quality of nursing care. Conclusions: Our results highlighted that boosting moral sensitivity among nurses could be effective in improving the quality of nursing care. So, it is recommended to hold periodic training programs to teach ethical principles to nurses to promote their moral sensitivity and, therefore, the quality of patient care.","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"39 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mina Rezaei, M. Asadizaker, Simin Jahani, A. Sadeghinia
Background: One of the psychological stressors for the patients admitted to the coronary care units (CCUs) is being away from family members and lack of visiting time. Also, one of the special needs of families is to visit patients during their hospitalization period. In order to enforce visiting rules in CCUs, it is important to take the needs of all staff, patients, and visitors into consideration, and a visiting policy should be adopted that ensures the most effective visiting system. Objectives: The present study aimed to design a visiting policy based on the challenges of the CCU ward using an interactive approach. Methods: This qualitative research was conducted with a participatory action research (PAR) approach in 2016 at Ganjavian Hospital, Dezful, Iran. Content analysis was performed based on the method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman (2004). Forty stakeholder participants were included in focus groups consisting of 3 to 7 people using a purposeful sampling method. Results: In order to determine the current situation, after analyzing the extracted codes in the focus groups and according to the similarities and conceptual content, 36 subcategories, 11 categories, and 3 subthemes, including improper physical factors, problems related to human factors, and improper policy quality, were obtained. After determining the current status of the visiting policy and problems, the new policy was developed by the planning group consisting of a representative from each of the focus groups. Conclusions: In the new visiting policy, efforts have been made to improve the quality of visiting by providing more opportunities for patient-companion and doctor-companion visiting, focusing on ensuring complete and timely information, assigning rooms for doctor-companion and patient-companion visiting, and paying attention to the required equipment. This program can be used by other planners while adjusting its items according to their conditions.
{"title":"Designing a Visiting Policy Based on the Challenges of the Coronary Care Unit: An Interactive Approach","authors":"Mina Rezaei, M. Asadizaker, Simin Jahani, A. Sadeghinia","doi":"10.5812/jjcdc-139391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jjcdc-139391","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the psychological stressors for the patients admitted to the coronary care units (CCUs) is being away from family members and lack of visiting time. Also, one of the special needs of families is to visit patients during their hospitalization period. In order to enforce visiting rules in CCUs, it is important to take the needs of all staff, patients, and visitors into consideration, and a visiting policy should be adopted that ensures the most effective visiting system. Objectives: The present study aimed to design a visiting policy based on the challenges of the CCU ward using an interactive approach. Methods: This qualitative research was conducted with a participatory action research (PAR) approach in 2016 at Ganjavian Hospital, Dezful, Iran. Content analysis was performed based on the method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman (2004). Forty stakeholder participants were included in focus groups consisting of 3 to 7 people using a purposeful sampling method. Results: In order to determine the current situation, after analyzing the extracted codes in the focus groups and according to the similarities and conceptual content, 36 subcategories, 11 categories, and 3 subthemes, including improper physical factors, problems related to human factors, and improper policy quality, were obtained. After determining the current status of the visiting policy and problems, the new policy was developed by the planning group consisting of a representative from each of the focus groups. Conclusions: In the new visiting policy, efforts have been made to improve the quality of visiting by providing more opportunities for patient-companion and doctor-companion visiting, focusing on ensuring complete and timely information, assigning rooms for doctor-companion and patient-companion visiting, and paying attention to the required equipment. This program can be used by other planners while adjusting its items according to their conditions.","PeriodicalId":271852,"journal":{"name":"Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care","volume":"114 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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