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Extended IEEE 802.11p using distance-based grouping algorithm 使用基于距离的分组算法扩展IEEE 802.11p
Pub Date : 2019-01-23 DOI: 10.19101/IJACR.SOC46
Baul Lee, Jin-Yeong Um
Vehicle communication is being utilized to provide a variety of services in the area of intelligent transport systems (ITS) by merging the communication systems and the automotive industry. In general, vehicle communication is used for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infra (V2I) communications by adopting the IEEE 802.11p / 1609 standard known as wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE). In intelligent traffic system, vehicle information is collected by exchanging information between the roadside unit (RSU) and the vehicle. The vehicle density within the range of one RSU changes with time. The higher the vehicle density, the more vehicle information is collected on a single RSU and the probability of packet collision increases. In this paper, we analyze the vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle to vehicle (V2V) wireless channel characteristics of the WAVE communication system based on IEEE 802.11p standard in domestic urban and highway environments to solve the phenomenon that the communication performance is deterioration when concentrated on this one infrastructure. When there are multiple vehicles communicating with a single infrastructure, the collision rate increases, which makes communication difficult. In this paper, we propose a distance-based grouping algorithm that groups multiple vehicles and communicates between groups. By using the algorithm proposed in this paper, the collision rate is reduced by an average of 4.2%.
通过将通信系统与汽车工业相结合,车辆通信正在被用于在智能交通系统(ITS)领域提供各种服务。一般来说,车辆通信用于车辆对车辆(V2V)和车辆对基础设施(V2I)通信,采用IEEE 802.11p / 1609标准,称为车辆环境中的无线接入(WAVE)。在智能交通系统中,车辆信息是通过路边单元(RSU)与车辆之间的信息交换来收集的。同一RSU范围内的车辆密度随时间变化。车辆密度越高,单个RSU上收集到的车辆信息越多,数据包碰撞的概率也越大。本文分析了国内城市和公路环境下基于IEEE 802.11p标准的WAVE通信系统的车对基础设施(V2I)和车对车(V2V)无线信道特性,以解决集中在这一基础设施上通信性能下降的现象。当有多辆车与单一基础设施通信时,碰撞率会增加,这使得通信变得困难。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于距离的分组算法,该算法对多辆车辆进行分组并在组间进行通信。采用本文提出的算法,碰撞率平均降低4.2%。
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引用次数: 0
Study on response time measurement of distracted driving by virtual reality driving simulator 基于虚拟现实驾驶模拟器的分心驾驶响应时间测量研究
Pub Date : 2019-01-23 DOI: 10.19101/IJACR.MUL16002
Sunwoo Kim, S. Park, Hyowon W Jeong, Junghwan Sung
For safe driving, drivers should always keep their eyes on the road ahead and focus on driving. However, many drivers engage in other activities while driving, such as using mobile phones. The development of information technology and vehicle automation has led to rapid expansion in the control interfaces of automobiles, which in turn has led to increases in incidents of distracted driving. A number of studies have been conducted to measure and inform these risks, among which the visual occlusion test, lane change test, and detection response rate tests are widely used. However, each of these methods has many problems such as the risk of actual vehicle driving and deterioration of immersion due to simulated driving. As an alternative, a virtual reality (VR) driving simulator is proposed. This simulator improves immersion and also includes a method to detect response time by extracting the log data automatically during the driving test. The VR driving simulator proposed in this paper is expected to improve immersion and cost effectiveness of simulated driving. In addition, the VR simulator provides automatic objective data to measure driving distraction and a safe testing environment compared to actual road driving tests.
为了安全驾驶,司机应该时刻看着前方的道路,集中精力驾驶。然而,许多司机在驾驶时从事其他活动,例如使用手机。信息技术和汽车自动化的发展使得汽车的控制界面迅速扩展,这反过来又导致了分心驾驶事件的增加。已经开展了许多研究来衡量和告知这些风险,其中广泛使用的是视觉遮挡测试、变道测试和检测响应率测试。然而,每种方法都存在许多问题,如实际车辆驾驶的风险以及模拟驾驶导致的沉浸感恶化。作为替代方案,提出了虚拟现实(VR)驾驶模拟器。该模拟器提高了沉浸感,还包括一种在驾驶测试期间通过自动提取日志数据来检测响应时间的方法。本文提出的VR驾驶模拟器有望提高模拟驾驶的沉浸感和成本效益。此外,VR模拟器提供了自动客观数据来衡量驾驶分心,并提供了与实际道路驾驶测试相比安全的测试环境。
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引用次数: 2
Optimal path calculation for virtual networks using genetic algorithm 基于遗传算法的虚拟网络最优路径计算
Pub Date : 2019-01-23 DOI: 10.19101/IJACR.SOC20
M. Han
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引用次数: 2
Bspace: a group workspace over the Ethereum blockchain with off-blockchain storage Bspace:以太坊区块链上的组工作空间,具有非区块链存储
Pub Date : 2019-01-23 DOI: 10.19101/ijacr.com16003
Jae-Hwan Jin, H. Eom, Myung-Joon Lee
Recently, to store a large amount of data for the blockchain decentralized applications, off-blockchain data storage techniques interworking with blockchain have emerged. However, these off-blockchain data storage techniques essentially cause the issue that it is difficult to control the user authentication and the access rights for each user outside the associated blockchain. In this paper, we introduce an implementation technique for supporting group workspaces based on the Ethereum blockchain, which provides secure file management among group users. To store large size files in group workspaces, a system structure is also being proposed where the Ethereum blockchain can stably interwork with the associated off–blockchain storage. Also, based on the file access rights stored in the Ethereum blockchain, we propose a systematic access control process for files shared among group members in the off-blockchain storage. In addition, to show the validity of the proposed technique, we present an Ethereum decentralized application called Bspace for using group workspaces interworking with off-blockchain storage.
最近,为了存储区块链去中心化应用的大量数据,出现了与区块链互联的区块链外数据存储技术。然而,这些区块链外的数据存储技术本质上导致了难以控制用户身份验证和关联区块链之外每个用户的访问权限的问题。在本文中,我们介绍了一种支持基于以太坊区块链的组工作区的实现技术,该技术在组用户之间提供安全的文件管理。为了在组工作区中存储大文件,还提出了一种系统结构,以太坊区块链可以与相关的非区块链存储稳定地互连。同时,基于存储在以太坊区块链中的文件访问权限,我们提出了一种系统的访问控制流程,用于在区块链外存储中组成员之间共享文件。此外,为了证明所提出技术的有效性,我们提出了一个名为Bspace的以太坊去中心化应用程序,用于使用与非区块链存储交互的组工作区。
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引用次数: 0
Discrimination of civet coffee using near infrared spectroscopy and artificial neural network 用近红外光谱和人工神经网络鉴别果子狸咖啡
Pub Date : 2018-11-30 DOI: 10.19101/ijacr.2018.839007
Edwin R. Arboleda
Civet coffee is regarded as the most expensive coffee in the world. Owing to its high price the conventional method of harvesting civet coffee in the wild has been replaced by a farming method, wherein the wild civet cats are being captured, caged, and then force-fed with ripe, hand-picked, coffee cherries. This is contrary to the production of wild civet coffee from the ripest and sweetest coffee cherries, carefully picked by the civet cat. As the wild civet coffee is quite hard to obtain, most of the civet coffee commercially sold as authentic civet coffee is actually from a caged civet cat. Traders and consumers have no way of differentiating the civet coffee from other types of coffee. This study aimed to differentiate caged civet coffee beans from ordinary green coffee beans. The technique used was the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as it is nondestructive and can generate quick results. A total of 218 samples were scanned, which generated absorbance in the entire 780 wavelength capacity of the Cavite State University Indium, Gallium and Arsenic (CvSU InGaAs)-based NIR instrument, ranging from 904 to 1684 nanometres (nm). A total of 170,040 spectra were generated. The average spectral absorbance’s having major differences between the two groups, were chosen, which are 907nm, 1088 nm, 1540 nm and 1650 nm, respectively. Out of 218 samples , 130 samples were used as training data, 40 samples as testing data, and the remaining 48 samples for validation purposes. The training data were subjected to the 4 layers, 15 neurons feed forward back propagation artificial neural network (FFBPANN) for training. Classification scores of 95% to 100% were achieved. Using the combined NIRS and FFBPANN, the civet coffee can be successfully discriminated from coffee beans not eaten by a civet.
果子狸咖啡被认为是世界上最昂贵的咖啡。由于价格昂贵,传统的在野外采摘果子狸咖啡的方法已经被一种农业方法所取代,在这种方法中,野生的果子狸被捕获,关在笼子里,然后用成熟的,手工采摘的咖啡樱桃强迫喂食。这与由麝香猫精心采摘的最成熟、最甜的咖啡樱桃制成的野生麝香猫咖啡相反。由于野生果子狸咖啡很难获得,大多数商业上作为真正的果子狸咖啡出售的果子狸咖啡实际上是来自笼子里的果子狸猫。商人和消费者无法将麝香猫咖啡与其他类型的咖啡区分开来。本研究旨在区分笼型果子狸咖啡豆与普通生咖啡豆。所使用的技术是近红外光谱(NIRS),因为它是无损的,可以产生快速的结果。共扫描了218个样品,在Cavite州立大学铟镓砷(CvSU InGaAs)基近红外仪器的整个780波长容量内产生吸光度,范围为904至1684纳米(nm)。共生成了170,040个光谱。选取两组差异较大的平均光谱吸光度分别为907nm、1088 nm、1540 nm和1650 nm。218个样本中,130个样本作为训练数据,40个样本作为测试数据,其余48个样本用于验证。训练数据采用4层15个神经元的前馈-反传播人工神经网络(FFBPANN)进行训练。分类评分达到95% ~ 100%。利用近红外光谱和FFBPANN相结合的方法,可以成功地将果子狸咖啡与没有被果子狸食用的咖啡豆区分开来。
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引用次数: 18
Automatic clustering of bug reports bug报告的自动聚类
Pub Date : 2018-11-30 DOI: 10.19101/ijacr.2018.839013
M. Hammad, Ruba Alzyoudi, A. Otoom
It is widely accepted that most development cost is spent for maintenance and most of the maintenance cost is spent on comprehension. Maintainers need to understand the current status of the code before updating it. For this reason, they examine pervious change requests and previous code changes to understand how the current code was evolved. The problem that faces them is how to locate related previous change requests that handled a specific feature or topic in the code. Quickly locating previous related change requests help developers to quickly understand the current status of the code and hence reduce the maintenance cost which is our ultimate goal. This paper proposes an automated technique to identify related previous change requests stored in bug reports. The technique is based on clustering bug reports based on their textual similarities. The result of the clustering is disjoint clusters of related bug reports that have common issues, topic or feature. A set of terms is extracted from each cluster, as tags, to help maintainers to understand the issue, topic or feature handled by the bug reports in the cluster. An experimental study is applied and discussed, followed by manual evaluation of the bug reports in the generated clusters.
人们普遍认为,大部分开发成本花在维护上,而大部分维护成本花在理解上。维护人员需要在更新代码之前了解代码的当前状态。出于这个原因,他们检查以前的更改请求和以前的代码更改,以了解当前代码是如何演变的。他们面临的问题是如何定位处理代码中特定特性或主题的相关先前变更请求。快速定位以前相关的变更请求可以帮助开发人员快速了解代码的当前状态,从而降低维护成本,这是我们的最终目标。本文提出了一种自动化技术来识别存储在bug报告中的相关先前变更请求。该技术基于基于文本相似性的bug报告聚类。聚类的结果是由具有共同问题、主题或特性的相关bug报告组成的不相交的聚类。从每个集群中提取一组术语,作为标签,以帮助维护者理解集群中bug报告所处理的问题、主题或特性。应用并讨论了一项实验研究,然后对生成的集群中的错误报告进行了手动评估。
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引用次数: 5
An efficient FPGA based NoC architecture for data communication 一种高效的基于FPGA的数据通信NoC架构
Pub Date : 2018-11-30 DOI: 10.19101/IJACR.2018.838013
Vijayalaxmi Jamagoud, Satish S. Bhairannawar
In today's real time world network on chip (NoC) plays a major role in fast communication between entities. The need for NoC hardware is in demand based on requirement for fast communication with large data bandwidth. In this paper, an efficient field programmable gate array (FPGA) based NoC architecture for data communication is proposed. The router is designed with 4 ports using proposed controller unit, novel first-in first-out (FIFO) architecture and XY routing logic. The proposed controller unit comprises of MUX based architecture to support the data transfer in East, West, North and South directions using respective select lines with flip-flops connected to the output of multiplexers to achieve delay synchronization. A novel FIFO architecture is designed using a counter and decision unit which are used to keep track of incoming data using signal mem_empty or mem_full. The XY routing logic is used to communicate between the routers and a test sample data is chosen to validate the routing path between source and destination using XY routing logic. The proposed routing architecture is tested on SPARTAN-6-XC6SLX45 board. It is observed that the performance parameters such as slice registers, power dissipation and maximum operating frequency are 290, 38.35 mW and 220.729 MHz respectively.
在当今的实时世界中,片上网络(NoC)在实体之间的快速通信中发挥着重要作用。基于快速通信和大数据带宽的需求,对NoC硬件的需求越来越大。本文提出了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的NoC数据通信结构。采用提出的控制器单元,采用新颖的先进先出(FIFO)架构和XY路由逻辑,设计了4个端口。所提出的控制器单元由基于MUX的架构组成,以支持东、西、北和南方向的数据传输,使用各自的选择线与连接到多路复用器输出的触发器来实现延迟同步。采用计数器和决策单元,利用mem_empty或mem_full信号跟踪输入数据,设计了一种新颖的FIFO结构。使用XY路由逻辑在路由器之间进行通信,并使用XY路由逻辑选择测试样例数据来验证源和目的之间的路由路径。在SPARTAN-6-XC6SLX45板上对所提出的路由架构进行了测试。结果表明,该器件的片寄存器、功耗和最大工作频率分别为290、38.35 mW和220.729 MHz。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of rain and haze attenuations impact on proposed SCM˗SAC˗OCDMA˗FSO system with optical amplifier 雨滴和雾霾衰减对基于光放大器的SCM、SAC、OCDMA、FSO系统的影响研究
Pub Date : 2018-11-30 DOI: 10.19101/IJACR.2018.839004
Hashem A. Jabar, Rshid A. Fayadh, M. Abud
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引用次数: 1
Word similarity score as augmented feature in sarcasm detection using deep learning 基于深度学习的讽刺检测中的增强特征
Pub Date : 2018-11-30 DOI: 10.19101/ijacr.2018.839002
Joseph Tarigan, A. S. Girsang
Sarcasm detection is an important task in natural language processing (NLP). Sarcasm flips the polarity of a sentence and will affect the accuracy of sentiment analysis task. Recent researches incorporate machine learning and deep learning methods to detect sarcasm. Sarcasm can be detected by the occurrence of context disparity. This feature can be detected by observing the similarity score of each word in the sentence. Word embedding vector is used to calculate word similarity score. In this work, the word similarity score is incorporated as an augmented feature in the deep learning model. Three augmenting schemes in deep learning models are observed. Results show that in general, a word similarity score boosts the performance of the classifier. The accuracy of 85.625% with F-Measure of 84.884% was achieved at its best.
讽刺检测是自然语言处理(NLP)中的一项重要任务。讽刺会改变句子的极性,影响情感分析任务的准确性。最近的研究结合了机器学习和深度学习方法来检测讽刺。讽刺可以通过语境差异的出现来检测。这个特征可以通过观察句子中每个单词的相似度得分来检测。用词嵌入向量计算词的相似度。在这项工作中,单词相似度得分被作为深度学习模型中的增强特征。观察了深度学习模型中的三种增强方案。结果表明,在一般情况下,单词相似度分数提高了分类器的性能。准确度为85.625%,F-Measure值为84.884%。
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引用次数: 2
Design and implementation of Haar wavelet packet modulation based differential chaos shift keying communication system using FPGA 基于Haar小波包调制的差分混沌移位键控通信系统的FPGA设计与实现
Pub Date : 2018-09-28 DOI: 10.19101/ijacr.2018.838014
Rawa Abed Mohammed, Fadhil S. Hassan, M. Zaiter
Efficient design and implementation of Haar wavelet packet modulation based differential chaos shift keying (HWPM DCSK) using field programmable gate array (FPGA) platform was proposed. A fast algorithm for Haar wavelet packet transform (FHWPT) was used to enhance the complexity of the wavelet packet modulation (WPM) system. The HWPM-DCSK system uses sixteen points of FHWPT and inverse fast Haar wavelet packet transform (IFHWPT) with spreading factor about eight for DCSK modulation. The suggested system was designed using a Xilinx system generator (XSG) tool. Software tools used in this work include ISE 14.5. A Virtex-4 (xc4vfx100-12ff1152) board was used for the implementation. The results are showing that the information bits are recovered successfully at the receiver side. The system was routed successfully with the resources of 5% slice flip flop, 5% look-up table (LUT), 10% occupied slices and 70% digital signal processing (DSP) 48s numbers from the selected device. The XSG is more reliable, flexible, easier, and gives the optimum design for the FPGA technicality via comparing with the conventional FPGA design. Also, the hardware simulation results show that the proposed system is efficient in performance for the real time communication system with low consuming power.
提出了基于Haar小波包调制的差分混沌移位键控(HWPM DCSK)在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)平台上的高效设计与实现。为了提高小波包调制(WPM)系统的复杂度,提出了一种快速Haar小波包变换算法。HWPM-DCSK系统采用16点FHWPT和扩频因子约为8的逆快速Haar小波包变换(IFHWPT)进行DCSK调制。该系统是使用Xilinx系统生成器(XSG)工具设计的。在这项工作中使用的软件工具包括ISE 14.5。采用Virtex-4 (xc4vfx100-12ff1152)板实现。结果表明,在接收端成功地恢复了信息位。系统路由成功,5%的片触发器、5%的查找表(LUT)、10%的已占用片和70%的数字信号处理(DSP) 48s数来自所选设备。与传统FPGA设计相比,XSG具有更可靠、更灵活、更简单的特点,并对FPGA的技术进行了优化设计。硬件仿真结果表明,该系统在低功耗的实时通信系统中具有较高的性能。
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引用次数: 1
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research
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