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Mixed method for calculations of plates with complex boundary conditions 复杂边界条件板的混合计算方法
Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.4.24.28
S. V. Bosakov, O.V. Kozunova2
The paper presents new possibilities of using a mixed method for calculating bendable plates with complex boundary conditions. When composing resolving equations, it is sufficient to have an expression to determine the deflections of a plate with a normal pinched at the origin. Such solutions are given in the authors’ previously published works for plates of various shapes. On the basis of these solutions, the canonical equations of the mixed method are compiled, where the unknown forces of the method are the forces in the support links, the displacement method is linear and angular displacement of the pinching introduced at the origin. After determining the unknown forces of the method, according to the generally accepted formulas of the mixed method, the deflections of the plate are determined, according to which, in turn, internal forces are determined. Two examples of calculating plates in Cartesian and polar coordinates are given. Numerical implementation of the proposed methodology and algorithm for elastic calculation of bendable plates with complex boundary conditions is carried out using the Wolfram Mathematica 11.3 computer program.
本文提出了用混合方法计算具有复杂边界条件的可弯曲板的新的可能性。在构造解析方程时,有一个表达式来确定在原点有法线夹持的板的挠度就足够了。这些解决方案在作者先前发表的各种形状的板的作品中给出。在这些解的基础上,编制了混合方法的典型方程,其中未知力为支撑杆中的力,位移法为原点处引入的夹持的线位移和角位移。在确定了该方法的未知力后,根据混合法中普遍接受的公式,确定了板的挠度,并据此确定了内力。给出了在直角坐标系和极坐标下计算板的两个例子。利用Wolfram Mathematica 11.3软件对复杂边界条件下可弯曲板弹性计算的方法和算法进行了数值实现。
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引用次数: 0
Rode models of the cut of compressed concrete strips of the cantilever supports of the beams of multi-storey frameworks 建立了多层框架梁悬臂支撑的压缩混凝土条切割模型
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.3.14.17
V. A. Komarov, D. Yerkin
Rod models for assessing the strength of compressed concrete strips under the action of a cut of short cantilevers of crossbars between the supporting and “conditional” cargo platforms are proposed based on modeling their physical work. The basis for improving the calculation method is a single principle for constructing rod models of compressed concrete strips of short elements – there is the method of copying the trajectories of force cracks and fracture patterns. The improvement of the calculation method was carried out on the basis of the development of the above-considered method for determining the strength of concrete strips under the action of compression along an inclined strip and the action of a cut between the faces of the cargo and support platforms inside the compressed strip. In the process of improving practical recommendations for the calculation, the patterns of modification of rod models under the action of compression and shear were used, depending on the change in the main factors. All proposals for the calculation are brought to the level of practical application and are substantiated by experiment.
在模拟支撑平台和“有条件的”货物平台之间的短悬臂梁作用下,提出了用于评估压缩混凝土条强度的杆模型。改进计算方法的基础是建立短单元混凝土受压条棒材模型的单一原则,即复制力裂纹轨迹和断裂模式的方法。在上述斜带受压和受压带内货舱与支撑平台面间缺口作用下混凝土条强度确定方法的基础上,对计算方法进行了改进。在改进计算实用建议的过程中,根据主要因素的变化,采用了压缩和剪切作用下杆模型的修正模式。所有的计算建议都达到了实际应用的水平,并得到了实验的证实。
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引用次数: 0
FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF LATERAL-TORSIONAL BUCKLING OF BEAMS WITH PLANE AND CASTELLATED WEB 平面和槽形腹板梁侧扭屈曲的有限元分析
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.3.55.60
A. I. Pritykin
Influence of perforation on the lateral-torsional buckling of I-beams with plane and castellated web in elastic stage of loading was considered with help of the finite element method, which allow to analyze critical loads of castellated beams and beams with plane web. Calculations were performed for simply supported beams under uniformly distributed load and concentrated forces, applied symmetrically at different distances from supports. Numerical calculations were carried out with help of program complex ANSYS on specially elaborated program. For castellated beams under constant relative depth of openings there were varied such parameters as shape and step of openings. Performed comparison of results with existing in literature analytical calculations of beams with plane web allow to confirm accuracy of existing formulas.
利用有限元方法,考虑了穿孔对平面工字梁和平面腹板工字梁弹性加载阶段侧扭屈曲的影响,从而分析了平面工字梁和平面腹板工字梁的临界荷载。计算进行了简支梁均布荷载和集中力,对称施加在不同距离的支持。在专门编写的程序上,借助复杂的ANSYS软件进行了数值计算。在一定相对开孔深度下,孔洞的形状和阶跃等参数是不同的。通过与已有文献中平面腹板梁解析计算结果的比较,验证了现有公式的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Stupishin investigation of the stability of systems with lumped parameters based on critical energy level criterion 基于临界能级准则的集总参数系统稳定性研究
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.3.42.48
V. Mondrus, L. Stupishin
The article analyses the stability of systems with lumped parameters from the standpoint of the criterion of critical energy levels. Until now, there is no consensus both on the reasons for the manifestation of the buckling of the deformation form in building structures, and on the formulation of criteria that determine the critical state. Most often in structural mechanics and the theory of stability of structures, energy criteria are used in the form of Timoshenko and Brian. Despite the simplicity of the formulation of the first criterion and the generality of the second, it is difficult to assert that they can cover the entire spectrum of stability problems that arise in technology. The criterion of critical energy levels allows one to set and solve stability problems without restrictions on the smallness of displacements, the type of impact on the system, and is intended for formulating boundary states. To understand the essence of the mentioned criteria and to illustrate the differences, simple problems are proposed in the form of systems with lumped parameters with several degrees of freedom. The design research technique is illustrated by the example of a system model with lumped parameters in the form of elastic hinges. Energy relations are given that describe the state of the system at critical energy levels. The results obtained for critical internal forces coincide with the values of external critical loads known from the literature, which confirms the well-known fact of the theory of eigenvalue problems that the branch points of the solution coincide in linear and nonlinear formulations. A technique for determining the values of the deviation angles of the system elements in elastic hinges is shown. A comparison is made of the rotation angles of the system elements in the formulation of the problem in a linear (infinitely small deviation angles) and non-linear formulation.
本文从临界能级判据的角度分析了集总参数系统的稳定性。到目前为止,对于建筑结构中变形形式屈曲表现的原因,以及确定其临界状态的准则的制定,都没有达成共识。在结构力学和结构稳定性理论中,能量准则通常以Timoshenko和Brian的形式使用。尽管第一个标准的表述很简单,第二个标准也很普遍,但很难断言它们可以涵盖技术中出现的所有稳定性问题。临界能级的准则允许人们设定和解决稳定性问题,而不受位移的大小、对系统的影响类型的限制,并且旨在制定边界状态。为了理解上述准则的本质并说明它们之间的区别,我们提出了一些简单的问题,它们的形式是具有若干自由度的集总参数的系统。以弹性铰链形式的集总参数系统模型为例说明了设计研究的方法。给出了描述系统在临界能级状态的能量关系。临界内力的计算结果与文献中已知的外临界载荷的值一致,这证实了特征值问题理论中众所周知的事实,即解的分支点在线性和非线性公式中重合。给出了一种确定弹性铰链系统元件偏差角值的方法。比较了系统要素的旋转角度在线性(无限小偏差角)和非线性形式下的问题表述。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of truss lattices from profile pipes (bent-welded profiles) 型材管(弯焊型材)桁架网格优化
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.3.71.78
A. Marutyan
The article presents a new method of manufacturing lattices with faceless assemblies for truss structures made of profile pipes (bent-welded profiles), tested on their triangular and diagonal systems including flat and cross modifications. Its efficiency and rationality are shown in nodes where the belt elements of square pipes differ in a rhombic arrangement relative to the plane of the structure, which are more preferably replaced by triangular and pentagonal profiles. The versatility of the manufacturing method ensures its relevance in structures made of tubular and rolled profiles, preserves the accepted layout of standardized trusses with faceless assemblies and flange connections. The regularity of the optimization calculation of the unification zones in relation to the core elements of the lattices with the determination of their design coefficients is given. A comparative calculation of the design coefficients and the averaged coeffi cients of the use of the core elements of the grid of square and rectangular profiles is carried out on the example of their implementation in the same semi-truss, when the number of unification zones coincides. The noticeable reduction in the structural material (steel) and the lowering of the construction height of the truss structure were revealed. The acceptable correctness of the approximate calculation method for its application in solving optimization and variant problems, as well as at different stages of the design of load-bearing structures, is confirmed.
本文提出了一种新的制造无面组合格的方法,用于由型材管(弯焊型材)制成的桁架结构,并对其三角形和对角线系统进行了测试,包括平面和交叉修改。其有效性和合理性体现在方管带单元相对于结构平面呈菱形排列的节点上,用三角形和五边形剖面代替方管带单元更为可取。制造方法的多功能性确保了其与管状和轧制型材结构的相关性,保留了采用无面组件和法兰连接的标准化桁架的公认布局。给出了统一区优化计算与格芯元素的关系及其设计系数的确定规律。以同一半桁架为例,在统一区数目重合的情况下,对方形和矩形轮廓网格核心单元的设计系数和平均系数进行了比较计算。结构材料(钢)的显著减少和桁架结构的施工高度的降低被揭示出来。确认了近似计算方法在求解优化问题和变型问题以及在承重结构设计的不同阶段的可接受的正确性。
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引用次数: 0
Crack resistance and load-bearing capacity cross sections carriageway composite reinforced concrete superstructures bridge 复合钢筋混凝土桥梁上部结构的抗裂性能与承载能力
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.3.2.8
I. Belutsky, I. V. Lazarev
The publication shows the importance of longitudinal reinforcement in terms of ensuring the crack resistance of the cross sections of the passage slab in reinforced concrete slabs of the roadway of composite reinforced concrete Superstructures Bridge. A calculation model is presented that allows determining the forces in the passage slab and an algorithm for determining the forces in the cross sections of the slab.
本文论述了复合钢筋混凝土上部结构桥巷道钢筋混凝土板中纵向加固对保证通道板截面抗裂的重要性。提出了一种确定通道板受力的计算模型和确定通道板截面受力的算法。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of interfacial interaction to the stiffness of steel-concrete composites under bending moments 弯矩作用下界面相互作用对钢-混凝土复合材料刚度的影响
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.3.49.54
S. Osykov, A. Trofimov
This paper presents an analytical expression for determining the friction capacity parameter in steel-concrete composites under bending moments. The analytical values of the deflections are compared with the values obtained experimentally. The results show that neglecting the interfacial effect in current standards and guidelines leads to incorrect assessment of structural deformability. The proposed analytical model can be used to determine the stiffness of steel-concrete composite slabs simply supported at both ends.
本文提出了钢-混凝土复合材料在弯矩作用下摩擦承载力参数的解析表达式。将挠度的解析值与实验值进行了比较。结果表明,现行标准和指南中忽略界面效应会导致结构变形能力的评估不正确。该分析模型可用于确定两端简支钢-混凝土组合板的刚度。
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引用次数: 0
A method for structural reliability analysis of trusses with interval uncertainty of random variables 考虑随机变量区间不确定性的桁架结构可靠度分析方法
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.3.28.34
A. Soloveva, A. Inkov, S. Solovev
The article describes a method for the reliability analysis of hinge-rod systems (trusses) with an interval estimation of the variability limits of random variables. In practical tasks of structural reliability analysis, it is often not possible to obtain complete statistical data that is necessary for a probabilistic and statistical approach in accordance with GOST 27751-2014. The use of alternative theories of data analysis makes it possible to obtain a define assessment of reliability with incomplete statistical data without introducing unconfirmed hypotheses about the form and shape of probability distribution functions of random variables. In this paper, it is proposed to use data on the limits of variability of random variables (an interval analysis) to assess the reliability of hinge-rod systems on the truss example. A comparative analysis of the truss reliability is given by two approaches (the classical probabilistic-statistical and the proposed interval approach). By the interval approach, the reliability of the truss is lower due to the fact that the interval estimation takes into account other possible distributions within a given interval that differ from the normal probability distribution. In the case when it is impossible to determine the type of probability distribution, but the limits of variability for random variables are known, the use of the presented method is a more cautious for the safety of truss operation.
本文描述了一种随机变量变异性极限区间估计的铰杆系统(桁架)可靠性分析方法。在结构可靠性分析的实际任务中,通常不可能获得符合GOST 27751-2014的概率和统计方法所需的完整统计数据。使用数据分析的替代理论,可以在不完全统计数据的情况下,不引入关于随机变量的概率分布函数的形式和形状的未经证实的假设,从而获得对可靠性的确定评估。本文提出利用随机变量变异性极限的数据(区间分析)来评估桁架实例上铰杆系统的可靠度。采用经典的概率统计方法和区间方法对桁架的可靠性进行了比较分析。采用区间法,由于区间估计考虑了给定区间内不同于正态概率分布的其他可能分布,因此桁架的可靠性较低。在不可能确定概率分布类型,但随机变量的变异性极限已知的情况下,采用本文提出的方法对桁架的安全运行更为谨慎。
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引用次数: 0
SOME ISSUES ON STATICS OF GEOMETRICALLY AND PHYSICALLY NONLINEAR CONTINUOUS MEDIUM 几何和物理非线性连续介质静力学的若干问题
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.3.61.70
S. V. Bakushev
We consider the generalized plane deformation of physically and geometrically nonlinear continuous medium. The mathematical model of medium is described by physically nonlinear relations in the form of arbitrary cross dependences between the first invariants of tensors and the second invariants of stress and strain deviators, taking into account geometrical nonlinearity (according to V.V. Novozhilov). The system of resolving partial differential equations of equilibrium, done in displacements, is quasilinear. This type is being investigated. Despite the fact that the type of the system of quasilinear partial differential equations in a certain part of space can be determined only for a specific solution, it is stated that in the general case the system of differential equations of equilibrium of generalized plane deformation is a system of mixed type. The type of the system of partial differential equations in a given area of space is completely determined by the values of its coefficients, and therefore depends both on the value of physical constants of continuous medium material and also on the value of derivatives of displacements in spatial coordinates.
研究了物理和几何非线性连续介质的广义平面变形。介质的数学模型是在考虑几何非线性(根据V.V. Novozhilov)的情况下,用张量的第一不变量与应力和应变偏差的第二不变量之间任意交叉依赖形式的物理非线性关系来描述的。求解偏微分平衡方程的系统,用位移表示,是拟线性的。目前正在对这种类型进行调查。尽管准线性偏微分方程组在一定空间范围内的类型只能确定其具体解,但一般情况下广义平面变形平衡微分方程组是混合型方程组。在给定的空间区域中,偏微分方程系统的类型完全由其系数的值决定,因此它既取决于连续介质材料的物理常数的值,也取决于空间坐标中位移的导数的值。
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引用次数: 0
Combined constructions with piecewise thickness subjected to an action of unsymmetric loads 具有分段厚度的组合结构受到非对称荷载的作用
Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.37538/0039-2383.2022.3.18.27
E. Koreneva, V. Grosman
The analytical method for computation of circular thin combined plates with piecewise thickness subjected to an action of antisymmetric loads is proposed. The construction under study consists of several ring plates of variable thickness closely adjoining to each other. The laws of thickness variation of separate sections are different. The separate sections may be made from the same or from the different materials. These materials can be orthotropic or isotropic, inhomogeneous or homogeneous. In the places of separate parts conjugation the construction’s thickness may be continuous or discontinuous. For the analysis of antisymmetric flexure of the constructions under examination the theory of special functions is used. The solutions are obtained in closed form in terms of Legendre functions, Gegenbauer, Legendre and Lagerre polynomials. The conditions of separate parts conjugation are fulfilled. For this aim the special auxiliary functions are introduced.
提出了在反对称荷载作用下具有分段厚度的圆薄板的解析计算方法。所研究的结构由几个不同厚度的环板紧密相连组成。各断面厚度变化规律不同。分开的部分可以由相同或不同的材料制成。这些材料可以是正交异性的或各向同性的,不均匀的或均匀的。在分离部件共轭的地方,结构的厚度可以是连续的,也可以是不连续的。用特殊函数理论对受测结构的反对称挠曲进行了分析。解以Legendre函数、Gegenbauer、Legendre和Lagerre多项式的封闭形式得到。满足分离零件共轭的条件。为此,介绍了特殊的辅助功能。
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引用次数: 0
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STRUCTURAL MECHANICS AND ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTIONS
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