Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2022.277153
Olfat Nour El-Din
Rhetorical argumentation has caught the attention of philosophers and orators since antiquity because of their ability to persuade and impact audiences. While rhetorical argument analysis started with verbal modes of communication, they soon embraced other media, especially images. Multimodal rhetorical arguments provide their audience with multiple platforms of meanings that offer new, complex, powerful messages. Editorial cartoons are instances of rhetorical argumentation, where textual and visual modes of communication present audiences with ideologically charged messages about political events, social figures, and current affairs. This study attempts a multimodal analysis of rhetorical devices traced in selected Egyptian and American editorial cartoons published during the 1980s. It traces rhetorical devices in the compiled cartoons of Ahmed Ragab and Mustafa Hussein that appear in Camboura at the Parliament and those of Herbert Block (Herblock) that appear in his Herblock at Large: Let's Go Back a Little...and Other Cartoons to explore how editorial cartoons are powerful tools of exposing corruption and condemning corrupt figures. The adopted approach borrows verbal rhetorical tropes from McQuarrie and Mick’s (1996) and visual rhetorical tropes from Phillips and McQuarrie’s (2004) to conduct the analysis. The study concludes that while all examined rhetorical devices are employed by Ragab and Hussein (1991) and by Block (1987), the distribution of devices on both the textual and visual levels varies. Additionally, corruption in Ragab and Hussein’s cartoons is portrayed through the fictional character Camboura who strives to win a parliamentary seat so he can benefit from the immunity privileges. On the other hand, Block’s editorial cartoons condemn real, social and political figures for the roles they play in plaguing the American society with corruption
自古代以来，修辞论证就因其说服和影响听众的能力而引起了哲学家和演说家的注意。虽然修辞论证分析开始于语言交流模式，但它们很快就融入了其他媒介，尤其是图像。多模态修辞论证为听众提供了多种意义平台，提供了新的、复杂的、有力的信息。社论漫画是修辞论证的实例，其中文本和视觉交流模式向观众呈现关于政治事件，社会人物和时事的意识形态信息。本研究试图对20世纪80年代出版的精选埃及和美国社论漫画中的修辞手段进行多模态分析。它追溯了艾哈迈德·拉加布(Ahmed Ragab)和穆斯塔法·侯赛因(Mustafa Hussein)在《坎布拉议会》(Camboura at Parliament)中出现的汇编漫画中的修辞手法，以及赫伯特·布洛克(Herblock)在《Herblock at Large: Let’s Go Back a Little》中出现的修辞手法。和其他漫画，探讨社论漫画如何成为揭露腐败和谴责腐败人物的有力工具。所采用的方法借用了McQuarrie和Mick(1996)的言语修辞修辞和Phillips和McQuarrie(2004)的视觉修辞修辞来进行分析。该研究的结论是，尽管Ragab和Hussein(1991)以及Block(1987)使用了所有被调查的修辞手段，但这些手段在文本和视觉层面的分布是不同的。此外，在Ragab和Hussein的漫画中，腐败是通过虚构的人物Camboura来描绘的，Camboura努力赢得议会席位，以便从豁免特权中受益。另一方面，布洛克的社论漫画谴责真实的社会和政治人物，因为他们在腐败困扰美国社会方面所扮演的角色
{"title":"Cartoons as Rhetorical Weaponry: A Multimodal Analysis of the Depiction of Corruption in Selected Egyptian and American Editorial Cartoons","authors":"Olfat Nour El-Din","doi":"10.21608/ttaip.2022.277153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2022.277153","url":null,"abstract":"Rhetorical argumentation has caught the attention of philosophers and orators since antiquity because of their ability to persuade and impact audiences. While rhetorical argument analysis started with verbal modes of communication, they soon embraced other media, especially images. Multimodal rhetorical arguments provide their audience with multiple platforms of meanings that offer new, complex, powerful messages. Editorial cartoons are instances of rhetorical argumentation, where textual and visual modes of communication present audiences with ideologically charged messages about political events, social figures, and current affairs. This study attempts a multimodal analysis of rhetorical devices traced in selected Egyptian and American editorial cartoons published during the 1980s. It traces rhetorical devices in the compiled cartoons of Ahmed Ragab and Mustafa Hussein that appear in Camboura at the Parliament and those of Herbert Block (Herblock) that appear in his Herblock at Large: Let's Go Back a Little...and Other Cartoons to explore how editorial cartoons are powerful tools of exposing corruption and condemning corrupt figures. The adopted approach borrows verbal rhetorical tropes from McQuarrie and Mick’s (1996) and visual rhetorical tropes from Phillips and McQuarrie’s (2004) to conduct the analysis. The study concludes that while all examined rhetorical devices are employed by Ragab and Hussein (1991) and by Block (1987), the distribution of devices on both the textual and visual levels varies. Additionally, corruption in Ragab and Hussein’s cartoons is portrayed through the fictional character Camboura who strives to win a parliamentary seat so he can benefit from the immunity privileges. On the other hand, Block’s editorial cartoons condemn real, social and political figures for the roles they play in plaguing the American society with corruption","PeriodicalId":276703,"journal":{"name":"Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127998597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2022.277147
Manar El-Wahsh
Poetry evokes a myriad of feelings as readers embark on their journey within a text. This is evident in the immersion of readers when they engage with the text. This is aided by deixis, which constructs parameters of person, time, and space within a speech act and relates it to the context in which it is uttered. In Deictic Shift Theory (DST) terms, invested readers project or shift themselves into a fictional world. Thus, readers experience the plot as if they are companions to fictitious characters. Cognitively, readers shift into the story world and within it, they make sense of the narrative. They also experience containment (In Image schema’s terms). This makes DST useful to examine the viewpoint(s) used to tell a narrative. You Fit into Me is a quatrain that requires heavy work from readers in terms of deictic shifts. Margaret Atwood subjects her readers to shock waves; in four lines she depicts four stages in a relationship between a female narrator and her male addressee, starting with lovemaking and ending with impalement. This study aims to explore the persona’s feelings and by extension the readers’, as they shift their deictic center to be cognitively immersed in the persona’s hostile origo. As per DST, this study argues that readers’ shift and therefore immersion and involvement in this short poem are increased due to the dense emotional content of the poem.
{"title":"A Cognitive Analysis of Persona in Atwood’s You Fit into Me: The Reader’s Shift from Love to Disgust","authors":"Manar El-Wahsh","doi":"10.21608/ttaip.2022.277147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2022.277147","url":null,"abstract":"Poetry evokes a myriad of feelings as readers embark on their journey within a text. This is evident in the immersion of readers when they engage with the text. This is aided by deixis, which constructs parameters of person, time, and space within a speech act and relates it to the context in which it is uttered. In Deictic Shift Theory (DST) terms, invested readers project or shift themselves into a fictional world. Thus, readers experience the plot as if they are companions to fictitious characters. Cognitively, readers shift into the story world and within it, they make sense of the narrative. They also experience containment (In Image schema’s terms). This makes DST useful to examine the viewpoint(s) used to tell a narrative. You Fit into Me is a quatrain that requires heavy work from readers in terms of deictic shifts. Margaret Atwood subjects her readers to shock waves; in four lines she depicts four stages in a relationship between a female narrator and her male addressee, starting with lovemaking and ending with impalement. This study aims to explore the persona’s feelings and by extension the readers’, as they shift their deictic center to be cognitively immersed in the persona’s hostile origo. As per DST, this study argues that readers’ shift and therefore immersion and involvement in this short poem are increased due to the dense emotional content of the poem.","PeriodicalId":276703,"journal":{"name":"Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124951607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2022.277148
M. Ahmed
The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 has presented a serious blow to the world economy including the tourism sector. Countries, like Egypt, where tourism is regarded as one of the primary sources of national income were negatively affected by the pandemic. However, in Egypt this was faced with an official marketing campaign. This paper examines the official promotional film of Egypt entitled ‘ An experience of a lifetime! Same Great Feelings ’, issued in June 2020 by the Egyptian Tourism Promotion Board and sponsored by the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism to promote inbound tourism after the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. The research draws on Kress and Van Leeuwen (2006) Visual Grammar Theory to examine how new meanings are constructed along with traditional marketing discourse through the interplay between both verbal and non-verbal language, specifically visual semiotic resources. The study utilizes the three levels of visual meaning: the representational, the interactive and the compositional functions. Findings indicate that the challenges presented by the pandemic called for a new type of discourse that emphasizes the presence of precautionary measures such as social distancing and sanitization in addition to the traditional discourse of promoting tourism.
{"title":"How Do You Promote Tourism during the Outbreak of a Pandemic? A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Egypt’s 2020 Tourism Promotional Film","authors":"M. Ahmed","doi":"10.21608/ttaip.2022.277148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2022.277148","url":null,"abstract":"The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 has presented a serious blow to the world economy including the tourism sector. Countries, like Egypt, where tourism is regarded as one of the primary sources of national income were negatively affected by the pandemic. However, in Egypt this was faced with an official marketing campaign. This paper examines the official promotional film of Egypt entitled ‘ An experience of a lifetime! Same Great Feelings ’, issued in June 2020 by the Egyptian Tourism Promotion Board and sponsored by the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism to promote inbound tourism after the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. The research draws on Kress and Van Leeuwen (2006) Visual Grammar Theory to examine how new meanings are constructed along with traditional marketing discourse through the interplay between both verbal and non-verbal language, specifically visual semiotic resources. The study utilizes the three levels of visual meaning: the representational, the interactive and the compositional functions. Findings indicate that the challenges presented by the pandemic called for a new type of discourse that emphasizes the presence of precautionary measures such as social distancing and sanitization in addition to the traditional discourse of promoting tourism.","PeriodicalId":276703,"journal":{"name":"Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128725746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2022.278163
L. Abdulaal
{"title":"The Post-postmodern Reconstruction of Human Values in Karen Russell's \"Vampire in the Lemon Grove,\" A. J. Finn's Woman in the Window, and Dave Eggers's The Circle","authors":"L. Abdulaal","doi":"10.21608/ttaip.2022.278163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2022.278163","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":276703,"journal":{"name":"Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128117180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2022.277161
H. Ibrahim
Iraqi war narrative depicts the devastation caused by war and three decades of persecution. Writing about the Iraqis’ traumatic experience is a critical step toward allowing their wounds to speak for themselves and determining the root cause of social and cultural illnesses. This paper analyzes
{"title":"Victim and Victimizer: Silenced Narratives in Abdul Razaq Al-Rubai’s A Strange Bird on Our Roof (2013) (Ala Satehuna Ta’er Gherib)","authors":"H. Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/ttaip.2022.277161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2022.277161","url":null,"abstract":"Iraqi war narrative depicts the devastation caused by war and three decades of persecution. Writing about the Iraqis’ traumatic experience is a critical step toward allowing their wounds to speak for themselves and determining the root cause of social and cultural illnesses. This paper analyzes","PeriodicalId":276703,"journal":{"name":"Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127743629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2022.284393
S. Sabry
Kimberle Crenshaw, a Black legal scholar, upon introducing the term “intersectionality” (1989) sought to undermine the lack of productivity of “monistic definitions of discrimination” which are based upon “mutually exclusive categories” (Carastathis 3). She used the term intersectionality as an analytical tool to prove how Black women were in a disadvantaged position in the court system in the US as a result of the lack of attention to the intersecting oppressive factors of race, gender and class. In her essay “Mapping the Margins,” Crenshaw designates three major aspects of intersectionality: structural, representational, and political (1245). Moreover, she clarifies that, as a paradigm, intersectionality uncovers how power works pervasively to discriminate against women. In 1986, Patricia Collins also plays a role in developing the discourse of intersectionality (though not directly using the term yet) by foregrounding the need to explore how systems of oppression are interlinked (Learning from the outsider 21). Moreover, Collins goes on in (2000) to refer to this interlinked system of oppression as a “matrix of domination” showing how intersecting oppressions are organized “(both particular and structural, disciplinary, hegemonic)” (“Intersectionality”
{"title":"Undermining the “Matrix of Domination”: Religion, Race and Gender and the Intersectionality Politics of Aliaa Sharrief’s “Hijabi” Hip-hop and Modest Fashion","authors":"S. Sabry","doi":"10.21608/ttaip.2022.284393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2022.284393","url":null,"abstract":"Kimberle Crenshaw, a Black legal scholar, upon introducing the term “intersectionality” (1989) sought to undermine the lack of productivity of “monistic definitions of discrimination” which are based upon “mutually exclusive categories” (Carastathis 3). She used the term intersectionality as an analytical tool to prove how Black women were in a disadvantaged position in the court system in the US as a result of the lack of attention to the intersecting oppressive factors of race, gender and class. In her essay “Mapping the Margins,” Crenshaw designates three major aspects of intersectionality: structural, representational, and political (1245). Moreover, she clarifies that, as a paradigm, intersectionality uncovers how power works pervasively to discriminate against women. In 1986, Patricia Collins also plays a role in developing the discourse of intersectionality (though not directly using the term yet) by foregrounding the need to explore how systems of oppression are interlinked (Learning from the outsider 21). Moreover, Collins goes on in (2000) to refer to this interlinked system of oppression as a “matrix of domination” showing how intersecting oppressions are organized “(both particular and structural, disciplinary, hegemonic)” (“Intersectionality”","PeriodicalId":276703,"journal":{"name":"Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116704083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2022.277139
I. Hassan
The primary goal of this research is to investigate the role of modal resources in policy discourse. To this end, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, issued by the United Nations member states in 2015 representing a global comprehensive plan for the transformation of the world, is critically analyzed with a particular focus on examining the frequency and strategic functions of modal verbs in conveying certain interpersonal meanings that contribute to the influential delivery of messages in the Agenda. The corpus of the study comprises the full transcript of the 2030 Agenda; a corpus-assisted critical discourse approach was adopted for data analysis. The theoretical framework relies upon Fairclough’s dialectical-relational approach (2015) in combination with the corpus linguistics tool AntConc
{"title":"Investigating Modality in Policy Texts: Corpus-assisted Critical Discourse Analysis of Modals in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development","authors":"I. Hassan","doi":"10.21608/ttaip.2022.277139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2022.277139","url":null,"abstract":"The primary goal of this research is to investigate the role of modal resources in policy discourse. To this end, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, issued by the United Nations member states in 2015 representing a global comprehensive plan for the transformation of the world, is critically analyzed with a particular focus on examining the frequency and strategic functions of modal verbs in conveying certain interpersonal meanings that contribute to the influential delivery of messages in the Agenda. The corpus of the study comprises the full transcript of the 2030 Agenda; a corpus-assisted critical discourse approach was adopted for data analysis. The theoretical framework relies upon Fairclough’s dialectical-relational approach (2015) in combination with the corpus linguistics tool AntConc","PeriodicalId":276703,"journal":{"name":"Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117257295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2022.311948
Radwa Kotait
If style in general is difficult to nail down, translator’s style is obstinately even more elusive. The phenomenon of “Mind Style” has been researched with a narrow focus on the author, or the characters/narrators of a fictional text and their idiosyncratic, or abnormal, perception of the world. This paper uses “mind style” as a key to investigating a translator’s style, benefiting from a balanced merge between quantitative (Corpus Stylistics) and qualitative (Cognitive Poetics) approaches. It contrasts two translations into English of Naguib Mahfouz’s, 1988 Nobel Laureate, Awald Ḥaratina ( The Children of our Alley ). The paper quantitatively traces the two translators’ different stylistic choices and consistent patterns, and qualitatively analyzes dominant schemata and conceptual metaphors, in an attempt to identify the mind style of each translator. If a translator is a reader of the original, then he/she brings to the same text an idiosyncratic mind style based on an individual recreation of the style of the original, which defines the translator’s fingerprint. The paper concludes that each of the two translators displays persistent patterns on the micro-level which accumulatively affect the macro-level style of the text, reconstructing a cognitive state that is individual in its nature to the translator.
如果说一般的文体难以确定，那么译者的文体则更加难以捉摸。对“思维风格”现象的研究一直局限于作者或虚构文本中的人物/叙述者，以及他们对世界的特殊或不正常的感知。本文将“心灵风格”作为研究译者风格的关键，这得益于定量(语料库文体学)和定性(认知诗学)方法的平衡融合。它对比了纳吉布·马哈福兹1988年诺贝尔奖得主的两种英译本《阿瓦尔德Ḥaratina》(The Children of our Alley)。本文从数量上追溯了两位译者不同的文体选择和一致的文体模式，从质量上分析了优势图式和概念隐喻，试图识别两位译者的思维风格。如果译者是原文的读者，那么他/她就会在对原文风格的个人再创造的基础上给同一文本带来一种独特的思维风格，这就定义了译者的指纹。本文认为，两位译者在微观层面上都表现出持久的模式，这些模式累积起来影响着宏观层面的文本风格，从而为译者重建了一种具有个体性质的认知状态。
{"title":"The Curious Case of “Translator’s Style”: What can Corpus Stylistics and Cognitive Poetics Tell us about the Mind Style of the Translator?","authors":"Radwa Kotait","doi":"10.21608/ttaip.2022.311948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2022.311948","url":null,"abstract":"If style in general is difficult to nail down, translator’s style is obstinately even more elusive. The phenomenon of “Mind Style” has been researched with a narrow focus on the author, or the characters/narrators of a fictional text and their idiosyncratic, or abnormal, perception of the world. This paper uses “mind style” as a key to investigating a translator’s style, benefiting from a balanced merge between quantitative (Corpus Stylistics) and qualitative (Cognitive Poetics) approaches. It contrasts two translations into English of Naguib Mahfouz’s, 1988 Nobel Laureate, Awald Ḥaratina ( The Children of our Alley ). The paper quantitatively traces the two translators’ different stylistic choices and consistent patterns, and qualitatively analyzes dominant schemata and conceptual metaphors, in an attempt to identify the mind style of each translator. If a translator is a reader of the original, then he/she brings to the same text an idiosyncratic mind style based on an individual recreation of the style of the original, which defines the translator’s fingerprint. The paper concludes that each of the two translators displays persistent patterns on the micro-level which accumulatively affect the macro-level style of the text, reconstructing a cognitive state that is individual in its nature to the translator.","PeriodicalId":276703,"journal":{"name":"Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125470320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2021.211518
Iman M. Mahfouz
The ubiquity of the Internet has given rise to a plethora of new genres thus posing a problem for linguistic analysis which has long been focusing on verbal content. Internet memes are an emerging genre currently prevalent in computer mediated discourse (CMD). They constitute a new medium not only to deliver messages but also to create humor. A prototypical form of memes is the image macro meme, which typically consists of a still image with text superimposed so that their juxtaposition creates a humorous effect. These are usually used to portray a variety of cultural relations, such as political ideologies, ethnic stereotypes as well as gender representation. In the present study, a sample of memes was collected from Pinterest website using the search terms “men vs. women memes”, with special focus on memes related to health and relationships in particular. Drawing upon Kress and van Leeuwen’s (1996, 2006) Theory of Visual Grammar, in addition to Critical Discourse Analysis respectively the researcher analyzes the visual and textual elements of the selected memes. The study seeks to examine how the memes depict gender identity using the interplay between both text and image. Despite a few exceptions, the findings point out that memes are used discursively to reproduce stereotypical images of the two genders and create binary oppositions between them in several ways. The study highlights the role played by memes as a recent form of discursive communication enabling the viral dissemination of cultural representation and ideological content.
{"title":"A Multimodal Analysis of Gender Representation in “Men vs. Women Memes”","authors":"Iman M. Mahfouz","doi":"10.21608/ttaip.2021.211518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ttaip.2021.211518","url":null,"abstract":"The ubiquity of the Internet has given rise to a plethora of new genres thus posing a problem for linguistic analysis which has long been focusing on verbal content. Internet memes are an emerging genre currently prevalent in computer mediated discourse (CMD). They constitute a new medium not only to deliver messages but also to create humor. A prototypical form of memes is the image macro meme, which typically consists of a still image with text superimposed so that their juxtaposition creates a humorous effect. These are usually used to portray a variety of cultural relations, such as political ideologies, ethnic stereotypes as well as gender representation. In the present study, a sample of memes was collected from Pinterest website using the search terms “men vs. women memes”, with special focus on memes related to health and relationships in particular. Drawing upon Kress and van Leeuwen’s (1996, 2006) Theory of Visual Grammar, in addition to Critical Discourse Analysis respectively the researcher analyzes the visual and textual elements of the selected memes. The study seeks to examine how the memes depict gender identity using the interplay between both text and image. Despite a few exceptions, the findings point out that memes are used discursively to reproduce stereotypical images of the two genders and create binary oppositions between them in several ways. The study highlights the role played by memes as a recent form of discursive communication enabling the viral dissemination of cultural representation and ideological content.","PeriodicalId":276703,"journal":{"name":"Textual Turnings: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal in English Studies","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125855566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.21608/ttaip.2021.211437
Amany El-Nahhas
The overlapping disciplines of literature and journalism have created what is commonly called ‘Literary Journalism’ which conjoined with blogging have manifested into a medium of expression that defies the limited boundaries of conventional journalism, traditional literature as well as mainstream news media. Baghdad Burning presents a pseudonymous account of an Iraqi female computer programmer in her twenties who accounts for the gruesome reality of what it means to be under war and occupation. She recounts a passionate, yet true-to-life experiences about intensifying power outages, travel restrictions, massive human rights violations, increasing fundamentalism, political conflicts, eroding gender rights, political turmoils, and persistent sectarian violence. The first part of the study examines the historical and political context of both narrative journalism and blogging on the local and global scale. The second part investigates Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s philosophy of the ‘rhizome’, Brian Martin’s ‘backfire model’ and Jerry Jenkins’s conception of ‘participatory culture’in order to show that in a digital culture, the act of literary journalism, through blogging, is an act of resistance that goes beyond the originally intended goal of the author into uncontrollable, undesigned, and sometimes uncalled for global cultural and political flows that inevitably generate substantial social and political changes. In other words, the paper manifests that despite Riverbend’s assertion that her weblog does not promote political change, it does inspire new meanings, connections, and synergies between facts, news, information, statistics, numbers, current events, and professional reporting on the one hand, and thoughts, feelings, ideas, images, colors, lives, knowledge, experiences, symbolism, imagination, storytelling and amateur narratives on the other. As such, the study proceeds from an awareness that the intersection between journalism, blogging, and literature do not just transform contemporary media landscapes but they also garner new awareness that expands the parameters of both mainstream reporting and literature into newer and more progressive horizons.
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